CN101915724A - Measuring device and method for rock material permeability coefficient under seepage-stress coupling action - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for measuring the permeability coefficient of rock materials under the coupling action of seepage-stress, which includes a triaxial pressure chamber balance system, a permeability coefficient acquisition system and a data acquisition and processing system; wherein the triaxial pressure chamber balance system is tested through different stress paths The sample is loaded axially and laterally; the permeability coefficient acquisition system is connected with the triaxial pressure chamber balance system to realize the determination of the quality of the seepage fluid of the rock material sample; the data acquisition and processing system regularly collects the mass of the seepage fluid of the rock material to calculate the seepage flow rate and permeability coefficient, and draw the relationship curve between permeability coefficient and time, and make data tables of mass, seepage flow rate, and permeability coefficient for storage and display. This kind of measuring device can measure the change process of permeability coefficient with time and stress of rock materials under different stress loading paths. It is easy to operate, reliable in results, and can display the results intuitively. The invention also discloses a method for measuring by using the aforementioned measuring device.

Description

The measurement mechanism of permeability coefficient of rock material under action of seepage-stress coupling and method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of infiltrative apparatus and method of rock material that under complex stress condition, detect, be meant a kind of visualization device and method of measuring the infiltration coefficient of rock material under action of seepage-stress coupling especially, the material water-couple of force that is applicable to great water power, bridge, road engineering closes and the underground storage of oil, nuclear fertilizer are handled gas-couple of force cooperation with the research and the measurement of infiltration coefficient down.

Background technology

The perviousness of rock material is meant under fluid or gas effect, the ability of the hole of rock and crack infiltration, and the physical significance of infiltration coefficient is the penetrating power of rock material to certain particular fluid.Rock is in its very long forming process, and various defectives are rich in inside, comprises discontinuous of macroscopic view such as micro-crack, hole and joint fissure, and their exist for underground water or gas infiltration provide and store and the place of migration.Osmosis acts in the rock material with the form of stress usually, influence the Stress Field Distribution of rock with confined pressure and axial compression, meanwhile, the change of stress field can cause the material crack that further distortion takes place again, change its permeance property and then influence infiltration coefficient, therefore, seepage field changes along with the infiltration coefficient of material and redistributes, and this influencing each other promptly is called the seepage-stress coupling.

According to statistics, civil engineering work slope failure more than 90% is relevant with groundwater seepage, 60% mine accident is relevant with groundwater effect, the hydroelectric project dam unstability of 30%-40% is caused by osmosis, in addition, underground water extraction, oil-gas mining, reservoir-induced earthquake, ground settlement, the storage of underground nuke rubbish all relate to the seepage-stress coupled problem, all need the infiltration coefficient of rock material under action of seepage-stress coupling is studied.Develop rapidly along with Chinese national economy, country just progressively implements strategic energy reservess such as water power, oil, rock gas, to improve national strategy energy reserves system, realize the economical transformation of high-carbon, thereby grasp the international energy policy more on one's own initiative to the low-carbon economy type energy.

A large amount of constructions of great underground works and civil engineering work, cause the distortion of rock material under action of seepage-stress coupling in the mobile equilibrium system, damage and failure and stability become the hot issue of engineering discipline, but the key that addresses these problems is to obtain the change procedure and the rule of infiltration coefficient under the coupling, set up out the seepage-stress mathematical model coupling that can reflect ess-strain and infiltration coefficient evolution rule, from fine sight angle the seepage failure mechanism and the long-time stability of engineering are studied, for the engineering safety exploitation, reduce disaster and have important practical significance.

Consult on the basis of data at home and abroad, original as can be known infiltration coefficient measuring technology exists can't consider different stress paths, temperature can not be controlled, the proving installation poor sealing, defectives such as the complete craftization of data processing, therefore, the inventor combines the perviousness detection technique of rock material under the complex stress condition with the electronics visualization technique, invent a kind of automatic acquisition processing device of electronics visualized data and method of permeability coefficient of rock material under action of seepage-stress coupling, it can adopt data and curve to export simultaneously, improve data processing efficiency and accuracy, make its visualize more, this technology at home and abroad still belongs to the first time.

Summary of the invention

Fundamental purpose of the present invention, be to provide a kind of measurement mechanism and method of permeability coefficient of rock material under action of seepage-stress coupling, its can measure rock material under different stress load paths infiltration coefficient in time, the change procedure of stress, simple to operate, reliable results, and display result directly perceived.

Secondary objective of the present invention, be to provide a kind of measurement mechanism and method of permeability coefficient of rock material under action of seepage-stress coupling, it can realize the mensuration of rock material infiltration coefficient under different temperatures, remedied the uncontrollable deficiency of legacy devices temperature, avoid causing the error of data result, improve measurement accuracy because of temperature factor.

In order to reach above-mentioned purpose, solution of the present invention is:

A kind of measurement mechanism of permeability coefficient of rock material under action of seepage-stress coupling comprises triaxial cell's balanced system, permeability coefficient acquisition system and data acquisition processing system;

Triaxial cell's balanced system comprises axial compression pumping system, confined pressure pumping system, sample apparatus system, seepage flow control system and liquid discharge system, wherein, axial compression pumping system, confined pressure pumping system link to each other with the sample apparatus system respectively, are used for by different stress paths sample being loaded in axial, side direction; Seepage flow control system and liquid are discharged the two ends that system is connected the sample apparatus system respectively, the seepage pressure of described seepage flow control system control sample, and the fluid that described liquid discharge system is used for sample is infiltrated enters permeability coefficient acquisition system;

Permeability coefficient acquisition system comprises electronic weighing device, stationary installation and conical flask with stopper, wherein, the inlet of conical flask with stopper connects the outlet that liquid is discharged system, and this conical flask with stopper is fixed on the electronic weighing device by stationary installation, realizes the mensuration to rock material sample osmotic fluid quality;

Data acquisition processing system comprises the electronic data sensor, the exchanges data mouth, data processing equipment, electronic console and storer, wherein, the electronic data sensor is connected with electronic weighing device, and described electronic data sensor also connects data processing apparatus by the exchanges data mouth, thereby at regular intervals the quality of the rock material osmotic fluid that records is sent into data processing equipment, calculate seepage discharge and infiltration coefficient according to measurement data, and drafting draws infiltration coefficient and time relation curve, the while fabricating quality, seepage discharge, the data form of infiltration coefficient; Described data processing equipment connects electronic console, storer respectively, on the one hand relation curve that drafting is obtained and data form are sent into electronic console and are shown, on the other hand aforementioned quality, seepage discharge and infiltration coefficient are sent into storer and store.

The said sample apparatus system comprises a columned silica gel sheath device and two circular rigid body cushion blocks with permeability hole, and the diameter of two rigid body cushion blocks is identical with the diameter of silica gel sheath device, and axially is located at the inside of silica gel sheath device respectively.

The said sample apparatus system is vertically placed vertically, and the seepage flow control system connects the rigid body cushion block that is positioned at the lower end in the sample apparatus system, and liquid discharge system connects the rigid body cushion block that is positioned at the upper end in the sample apparatus system.

Above-mentioned triaxial cell balanced system also comprises temperature control system, and described temperature control system is located near the sample apparatus system, the temperature of control sample environment of living in.

But above-mentioned electronic weighing device is connected with the display of its weighing quality of instant playback.

The method that a kind of measurement mechanism that utilizes aforementioned permeability coefficient of rock material under action of seepage-stress coupling is measured comprises the steps:

(1) cylindrical saturated sample side direction is placed in the sample apparatus system, and successively the parameter of confined pressure pumping system, seepage flow control system, axial compression pumping system is provided with;

(2) system that liquid is discharged is connected with conical flask with stopper, utilizes stationary installation that conical flask with stopper is fixed on the electronic weighing device, and its display quality is this moment made zero;

(3) be connected with data processing equipment, electronic console by electronic data sensor, the existing electronic weighing device of exchanges data cause for gossip, realize the automatic data collection processing capacity:

(3a) manually import specimen length L, specimen finish D, fluid density ρ, seepage pressure P and time interval Δ T to data processing equipment, data processing equipment is gathered the initial mass m of conical flask with stopper in process of the test ₀And the quality m when time interval Δ T ₁, according to formula (1)

Δm _i＝m _i+1-m _i (1)

Obtain the quality Δ m of permeation liquid this moment ₀, according to formula (2), (3), obtain seepage discharge Q again ₀And coefficient of permeability K ₀, and carry out periodic duty thus;

$Q_i=\frac{{10}^{-9}{\mathrm{\Δm}}_i}{3.6\mathrm{\ρ\ΔT}}---\left(2\right)$

$K_i=\frac{39.24\mathrm{\ρ}{Q}_{i}L}{\mathrm{\πP}{D}^2}---\left(3\right)$

In the formula: the liquid quality that oozes out by sample in the m-flask, the g of unit,

The amount of liquid that oozes out by sample in the Q-unit interval, the m of unit ³/ s,

ρ-density of liquid, the g/cm of unit ³,

The liquid time of penetration of Δ T-data acquisition, infiltration coefficient is less, for making things convenient for timing, the h of unit,

The length of L-sample, the mm of unit,

The diameter in the cylindrical sample material infiltration of D-cross section, the mm of unit,

The osmotic pressure difference at P-sample two ends, units MPa,

K ₀The infiltration coefficient of sample in the-unit interval, the m/s of unit;

Each coefficient of permeability K that (3b) will calculate _nAnd pairing time T is labeled under the same coordinate system, and is depicted as curve output, simultaneously with quality m, seepage discharge Q, coefficient of permeability K ₀Every group of corresponding numerical value with the form output of form.

After adopting such scheme, the present invention has following characteristics:

(1) can realize testing permeability under the different stress load path conditions;

(2) quality with osmotic fluid in the sample places airtight conical flask with stopper to carry out weighing, has reduced volatilization; Adopt automatic data collection, calculating simultaneously, automaticity is higher, thus the test error of avoiding artificial subjective deal with data to bring;

(3) electronic console is set, can intuitively shows the parameters such as infiltration coefficient of calculating gained, be convenient to the tester and check;

(4) test principle builds on the Darcy's law, has solved permeability coefficient of rock material under action of seepage-stress coupling test and data processing problem;

(5) temperature control system is set, the temperature of conveniently adjusted sample environment of living in, thus improve the accuracy of measurement result, be implemented in the mensuration of sample infiltration coefficient under the different temperatures simultaneously.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of measurement mechanism of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of measurement mechanism pilot scale sampling device of the present invention system;

Fig. 3 is the vertical view of permeability coefficient acquisition system in the measurement mechanism of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the infiltration coefficient change curve of one embodiment of the invention.

Embodiment

Below with reference to drawings and the specific embodiments structure of the present invention and principle are elaborated.

At first, the invention provides a kind of measurement mechanism of permeability coefficient of rock material under action of seepage-stress coupling, comprise triaxial cell's balanced system 1, permeability coefficient acquisition system 2 and data acquisition processing system 3, will introduce respectively below with reference to shown in Figure 1.

Triaxial cell's balanced system 1 comprises axial compression pumping system 11, confined pressure pumping system 12, sample apparatus system 13, seepage flow control system 14, liquid discharge system 15 and temperature control system 16, wherein, axial compression pumping system 11 is connected with sample apparatus system 13 respectively with confined pressure pumping system 12, be used to be implemented under the different stress paths to the rock material sample axially, side direction loads; And axial compression pumping system 11 adopts rigid press, and maximum can reach 100Mpa, and confined pressure pumping system 12 adopts the liquid oils device to carry out uniform pressurization, and the scope of applying is 0～50Mpa.

Sample apparatus system 13 comprises a columned silica gel sheath device 131 and two circular rigid body cushion blocks 132 with permeability hole, wherein, in order to adapt to the size of common sample, in the present embodiment silica gel sheath device 131 is designed to diameter 50mm, length 150mm, this silica gel sheath device 131 has waterproof, air-locked characteristic, to guarantee that sample 4 is only in axial dispersion; The size of two rigid body cushion blocks 132 is diameter 50mm, length 3mm, is used to be arranged on the two ends of silica gel sheath device 131, and the permeability hole that is provided with on it can be used for passing through for the fluid of sample 4 infiltrations, gathers, and can cooperate shown in Figure 2 simultaneously.

Seepage flow control system 14 is discharged the rigid body cushion block 132 that system 15 is connected sample apparatus system 13 two ends respectively with liquid, specifically, sample apparatus system 13 is for vertically placing vertically, two rigid body cushion blocks 132 lay respectively at the top and bottom of silica gel sheath device 131, seepage flow control system 14 connects the rigid body cushion block 132 of sample apparatus system 13 lower ends, be used to control the seepage pressure of sample 4 and the flow that fluid passes through sample 4, make fluid can permeate sample 4, improve the accuracy of measurement result; Seepage flow control system 14 can reach 30MPa by the osmotic pressure maximum that fluid applies herein, can make the fluid that infiltrates enter follow-up liquid smoothly and discharge system 15.

It is relative with seepage flow control system 14 positions that liquid is discharged system 15, the rigid body cushion block 132 that connects sample apparatus system 13 upper ends, it is the rigid structure of thin tube-like that described liquid is discharged system 15, circular diameter is 2.5mm in it, outside diameter is 5mm, one end is connected with rigid body cushion block 132, and the other end can directly contact with air.

Temperature control system 16 is located near sample apparatus system 13 positions, can with when test rock material sample 4 environment of living in temperature be controlled at arbitrary temp between 10 ℃～100 ℃, to be implemented under the different temperatures action of seepage-stress coupling to the research of the influence of permeability coefficient of rock material.

Permeability coefficient acquisition system 2 comprises electronic weighing device 21, stationary installation 22 and conical flask with stopper 23, wherein, the inlet of conical flask with stopper 23 connects the outlet that liquid is discharged system 15, an end that also promptly contacts with air, described conical flask with stopper 23 comprises flask 231 and bottle stopper 232, the diameter of described flask 231 is 50mm, length is 80mm, and the diameter of bottle stopper 232 is 25mm, length is 5mm, is used for fixing the bottleneck at flask 231, realizes hermetically-sealed construction, prevent the volatilization of fluid, improve the accuracy of measurement result.

Electronic weighing device 21 has circular pallet, cooperates shown in Figure 3ly, and the diameter of this pallet is identical with the diameter of flask 231, and is distributed with the fixedly steel disc 211 that length is 12mm all around at this pallet; The integral diameter of electronic weighing device 21 is 75mm, and length is 100mm, and maximum range is elected 1000g as, and degree of accuracy can keep 2 decimals, and described electronic weighing device 21 also is connected with display, is used for the object quality of instant playback institute weighing.

Stationary installation 22 is used for conical flask with stopper 23 is fixed on electronic weighing device 21, and is provided with set bolt 221 on the top, with the sealing of further maintenance permeability coefficient acquisition system 2, realizes the mensuration accuracy to sample osmotic fluid quality.

Data acquisition processing system 3 comprises electronic data sensor 31, exchanges data mouth 32, data processing equipment 33, electronic console 34 and storer 35, wherein, electronic data sensor 31 is connected with electronic weighing device 21, be used to gather the qualitative data of sample osmotic fluid, the other end of electronic data sensor 31 connects data processing apparatus 33 by exchanges data mouth 32, every the regular hour, just the qualitative data that collects is sent into data processing equipment 33, carry out computing by data processing equipment 33 according to the program of editing in advance, draw seepage discharge and infiltration coefficient, and draw and to draw infiltration coefficient and time relation curve, make and comprise quality, seepage discharge, the form of infiltration coefficient; The output terminal of described data processing equipment 33 connects electronic console 34 and storer 35 respectively, on the one hand aforementioned relation curve is sent into electronic console 34 to show, sends into storer 35 on the other hand and preserves, and is convenient to the tester and has access to afterwards and check.

According to aforesaid measurement mechanism, the present invention also provides a kind of measuring method of permeability coefficient of rock material under action of seepage-stress coupling, comprises the steps:

(1) cylindrical saturated sample 4 side direction that will be of a size of diameter 50mm, length 100mm place in waterproof, air-locked toroidal silica gel sheath 131 devices of sealing, and at the bottom and the top of this sample 4 a circular rigid body cushion block 132 that has permeability hole are set respectively.And successively the parameter of confined pressure pumping system 12, seepage flow control system 14, axial compression pumping system 11 and temperature control system 16 is provided with;

(2) liquid is discharged system 15 and be connected, utilize stationary installation 22 that conical flask with stopper 23 is fixed on the electronic weighing device 21, and its display quality is this moment made zero with conical flask with stopper 23;

(3) be connected with data processing equipment 33, electronic console 34 by electronic data sensor 31, exchanges data mouth 32 realization electronic weighing devices 21, realize the visual automatic acquisition process function of data electronics; Concrete calculation processes is:

(3a) manually import physical parameters such as specimen length L, specimen finish D, fluid density ρ, seepage pressure P and time interval Δ T to data processing equipment 33, data processing equipment 33 can receive the initial mass m of conical flask with stopper 23 in process of the test ₀And the quality m when time interval Δ T ₁, according to formula (1)

Δm _i＝m _i+1-m _i (1)

Obtain the quality Δ m of permeation liquid this moment ₀, according to formula (2), (3), obtain seepage discharge Q again ₀And coefficient of permeability K ₀, and carry out periodic duty thus.

$Q_i=\frac{{10}^{-9}{\mathrm{\Δm}}_i}{3.6\mathrm{\ρ\ΔT}}---\left(2\right)$

$K_i=\frac{39.24\mathrm{\ρ}{Q}_{i}L}{\mathrm{\πP}{D}^2}---\left(3\right)$

In the formula: the liquid quality that oozes out by sample in the m-flask, the g of unit,

The amount of liquid that oozes out by sample in the Q-unit interval, the m of unit ³/ s,

ρ-density of liquid, the g/cm of unit ³,

The liquid time of penetration of Δ T-data acquisition, infiltration coefficient is less, for making things convenient for timing, the h of unit,

The length of L-sample, the mm of unit,

The diameter in the cylindrical sample material infiltration of D-cross section, the mm of unit,

The osmotic pressure difference at P-sample two ends, units MPa,

K ₀The infiltration coefficient of sample in the-unit interval, the m/s of unit;

Each coefficient of permeability K that (3b) will calculate _nAnd pairing time T is labeled under the same coordinate system, and is depicted as curve output, simultaneously with quality m, seepage discharge Q, coefficient of permeability K ₀Every group of corresponding numerical value with the form output of form.

Above scheme has realized the measurement of permeability coefficient of rock material under action of seepage-stress coupling, and the measurement cost is low and test accuracy is high, is with a wide range of applications.

Further specify below by an example:

Choose water-couple of force cooperation and use the infiltration coefficient variation of rock material down to study, samples weighed M=443.89g, diameter are D=50.00mm, and length L=102.09mm, fluid density are 1.00g/cm ³, confined pressure is 1.00MPa, seepage pressure P=0.25MPa, and initial axial compression is 1.00MPa, and it is carried out hierarchical loading, increases 0.75MPa every 72 hours, destroys until sample.Wherein, axial compression stabilization sub stage Δ T=8h is loaded on axial compression stabilization sub stage Δ T=0.25h, and curve is as shown in Figure 4 over time with the infiltration coefficient of rock material down to obtain rock-soil material water-couple of force cooperation.

Above embodiment only for explanation technological thought of the present invention, can not limit protection scope of the present invention with this, every technological thought that proposes according to the present invention, and any change of being done on the technical scheme basis all falls within the protection domain of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A measuring device for rock material permeability coefficient under a seepage-stress coupling action, characterized in that: it comprises a triaxial pressure chamber balance system, a permeability coefficient acquisition system and a data acquisition and processing system; The triaxial pressure chamber balance system includes an axial pressure pump system, a confining pressure pump system, a sample device system, a seepage control system, and a liquid discharge system, wherein the axial pressure pump system and the confining pressure pump system are respectively connected with the sample device system. The sample is loaded axially and laterally through different stress paths; the seepage control system and the liquid discharge system are respectively connected to the two ends of the sample device system, the seepage control system controls the osmotic pressure of the sample, and the The liquid discharge system is used to make the fluid seeped out of the sample enter the permeability coefficient acquisition system; The permeability coefficient acquisition system includes an electronic weighing device, a fixing device and a flask with a stopper, wherein the inlet of the flask with a stopper is connected to the outlet of the liquid discharge system, and the flask with a stopper is fixed on the electronic weighing device by means of a fixing device to realize rock Determination of the quality of the penetrating fluid of the material sample; The data acquisition and processing system includes an electronic data sensor, a data exchange port, a data processing device, an electronic display and a memory, wherein the electronic data sensor is connected to the electronic weighing device, and the electronic data sensor is also connected to the data processing device through the data exchange port , so that the measured mass of the rock material seepage fluid is sent to the data processing device at regular intervals, and the seepage flow rate and permeability coefficient are calculated according to the measured data, and the relationship curve between the permeability coefficient and time is drawn, and the quality, The data table of permeation flow rate and permeability coefficient; the data processing device is respectively connected to electronic display and memory, on the one hand, the relationship curve and data table obtained by drawing are sent to the electronic display for display, and on the other hand, the aforementioned quality, permeation flow rate and The permeability coefficient is sent to the memory for storage. 2. the measuring device of rock material permeability coefficient under seepage-stress coupling action as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described sample device system comprises a cylindrical silicone sleeve device and two circular with permeable holes The rigid pads have the same diameter as the silicone sleeve device, and the two rigid pads are respectively axially arranged inside the silicone sleeve device. 3. The measuring device of rock material permeability coefficient under seepage-stress coupling action as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: described sample device system is placed vertically along the axial direction, seepage control system connects sample device system and is located in The lower end of the rigid spacer, while the liquid drainage system is connected to the upper rigid body spacer in the sample holder system. 4. The measuring device of rock material permeability coefficient under seepage-stress coupling action as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described triaxial pressure chamber balance system also comprises temperature control system, and described temperature control system is arranged at test Near the sample device system, control the temperature of the environment where the sample is located. 5. The device for measuring the permeability coefficient of rock materials under the seepage-stress coupling action according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electronic weighing device is connected with a display that can instantly display its weighing quality. 6. A method utilizing a measuring device for rock material permeability coefficient under the seepage-stress coupling action as claimed in claim 1 to measure, is characterized in that: comprises the steps: (1) Place the cylindrical saturated sample sideways in the sample device system, and set the parameters of the confining pressure pump system, seepage control system, and axial pressure pump system in sequence; (2) Connect the liquid discharge system with the corked flask, fix the corked flask on the electronic weighing device with a fixing device, and reset the mass of the display to zero at this moment; (3) Realize the connection between electronic weighing device, data processing device and electronic display through electronic data sensor and data exchange port, and realize the function of automatic data collection and processing: (3a) Manually input the sample length L, sample diameter D, liquid density ρ, osmotic pressure P and time interval ΔT to the data processing device, and the data processing device collects the initial mass m ₀ and Mass m ₁ at time interval ΔT, according to formula (1) Δm _i =m _i+1 -m _i (1) Obtain the mass Δm ₀ of the permeate liquid at this time, and then obtain the permeate flow rate Q ₀ and the permeability coefficient K ₀ according to the formulas (2) and (3), and then carry out the cycle work; ${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 10</span>}}^{<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 9</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Delta;m</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3.6</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&rho;\&Delta;T</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$ ${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; K</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 39.24</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&rho;</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; L</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&pi;P</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; D.</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$ In the formula: m - the mass of liquid seeped through the sample in the flask, unit g, Q-the amount of liquid permeating through the sample per unit time, unit m ³ /s, ρ-liquid density, unit g/cm ³ , ΔT-liquid penetration time of data collection, unit h, L-the length of the sample, in mm, D-the diameter of the permeation section of the cylindrical sample material, in mm, P-the osmotic pressure difference at both ends of the sample, in MPa, K ₀ - permeability coefficient of the sample per unit time, unit m/s; (3b) Mark each calculated permeability coefficient K _n and its corresponding time T in the same coordinate system, and draw it as a curve output, and at the same time, each group corresponding to mass m, permeation flow rate Q, and permeability coefficient K ₀ The values are output in table form.

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