CN101915478B - Ammonia water absorption refrigerating machine driven by marine exhaust - Google Patents
Ammonia water absorption refrigerating machine driven by marine exhaust Download PDFInfo
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- CN101915478B CN101915478B CN2010102523975A CN201010252397A CN101915478B CN 101915478 B CN101915478 B CN 101915478B CN 2010102523975 A CN2010102523975 A CN 2010102523975A CN 201010252397 A CN201010252397 A CN 201010252397A CN 101915478 B CN101915478 B CN 101915478B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
- Y02A30/274—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies using waste energy, e.g. from internal combustion engine
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/62—Absorption based systems
- Y02B30/625—Absorption based systems combined with heat or power generation [CHP], e.g. trigeneration
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- Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an ammonia water absorption refrigerating machine driven by marine exhaust, belonging to the technical field of refrigeration. The ammonia water absorption refrigerating machine comprises a generator, a backheating process component, a cooling process component, a subcooler and an evaporator, wherein the backheating process component is respectively connected with the generator and the cooling process component; the cooling process component is connected with the subcooler; and the subcooler is connected with the evaporator. The invention simplifies a rectifying device and enables the structure of an integral system to be compact, thereby being beneficial to miniaturized production; an absorber enables ammonia and ammonia water to flow in parallel-connected slim tubes by utilizing the channel flow characteristics of vapor and liquid inside a pipeline, therefore the absorption property of the system is not influenced by marine bumpiness and wobble; the generator enables the ammonia water to boil in a plurality of parallel-connected slim tubes by utilizing the boiling inside the slim tubes, and no welding point exists in the generator, therefore the reliability of the generator can be effectively enhanced.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of device of refrigeration technology field, specifically is the ammonia water absorbing refrigerator that a kind of marine exhaust drives.
Background technology
Along with the adjustment of shipping work mode, the operation voyage is gradually far away, and time lengthening people are to the energy-conservation of boats and ships operation and environmental requirement is more and more higher.Fishing boat particularly, the band of traditional fishing boat are iced the more and more incompatible existing fresh-keeping requirement of fish production of fresh-keeping mode.Therefore, the wide popularization and application new refrigeration technologies has become inevitable on boats and ships.
Existing Refrigeration Technique mainly contains compression-type refrigeration technology and sorption type refrigerating technology on the boats and ships.The compression-type refrigerating system unit mainly comprises refrigeration compressor, condenser, heat exchanger, evaporimeter and freezer etc.The ammonia absorption type refrigeration technology is generally adopted in absorption refrigeration, and this kind system unit mainly comprises generator, rectifier, condenser, regenerator, subcooler, evaporimeter etc.
Ammonia water absorbing refrigerator is compared with compression refrigerating machine, and its major advantage is: can drive with the boats and ships high-temp waste gas, have energy-saving effect; Use natural refrigerant, atmospheric ozone layer is not had destruction, have environment protecting; Whole device is heat-exchange apparatus such as tower, jar except that pump, simple in structure, is convenient to processing and manufacturing; Vibration, noise is less; When load was regulated in 30～100% scopes, the economy of device did not have significant change; Easy to maintenance, easy to operate, be easy to the management.Existing a large amount of researchers have done a large amount of significant researchs to the ammoniacal liquor absorption refrigerating machine that marine exhaust drives.
The exhaust-driven ammoniacal liquor absorption refrigerating machine of tradition boats and ships need overcome some technical barriers.For example: (1) legacy system complexity is difficult to miniaturization.This is because ammonia and the evaporating temperature of water under uniform pressure are more approaching, so have many steam from the ammonia that generator is evaporated.For the economy that improves device with reach lower evaporating temperature, must adopt fractional condensation and rectifying device to improve the concentration of ammonia, so both increased the complexity of system, make the ammoniacal liquor absorbent refrigeration system too huge simultaneously.(2) boats and ships at sea jolt acutely, and traditional ammoniacal liquor absorption refrigerating machine generally all adopts the falling film evaporation technology, and the influence that so just makes the falling film absorption performance jolted by boats and ships is very big.Simultaneously, solution enters condenser and enters evaporimeter from generator from generator easily, thereby pollutes cold-producing medium so that can not normally move.
Find that through the literature search to prior art the Chinese patent publication number is: CN 101033898A, patent name is: the ammoniacal liquor absorption refrigerating machine peculiar to vessel that a kind of engine of boat and ship exhaust heat drives.This invention utilizes the heating of boats and ships exhaust heat to be full of the generator of ammonia spirit, and ammonia enters gas-liquid separator together with solution, condensation in condenser after isolated moisture ammonia is purified by part by segregator; Ammoniacal liquor evaporates in casing tube evaporator and produces cold, and cold ammonia and unevaporated aqueous ammonia solution be in the further heat exchange of coil pipe subcooler, and enters full liquid bubbling absorber under gravity effect and differential pressure action; The ammonia bubble is absorbed from gas-liquid separator and through the dilute ammonia solution that solution heat exchanger cools off, and concentrated ammonia solution enters the ammonia spirit reservoir, and by solution pump it is pumped into full liquid generator.Segregator ammonia of purifying is used in this invention, makes the system architecture complexity; Simultaneously can not effectively utilize rectified heat, thereby the performance that has reduced system absorbs; The full-liquid type generator that uses is because it has free surface, so its performance will be subjected to boats and ships very big influence of jolting.
The Chinese patent publication number is: CN 2153745Y, patent name is: ammonia water absorbing engine exhaust-powered refrigerator peculiar to vessel.This patent comprises generator, multitube rectifier, condenser, evaporimeter.The high efficiency packing of certain size is housed in the rectifying organ pipe, can guarantee ship jolt rock in the time absorber absorbent properties.But this rectifier complex structure makes that the whole system size is bigger, is unfavorable for the miniaturization of system.
The Chinese patent publication number is: CN 101017040A, patent name are the tail gas heat exchanger of utilizing the used in ammonia water absorption refrigeration device of using waste heat from tail gas.This patent utilization heat refrigeration apparatus provides temperature stabilization, continuous refrigeration.Tail gas heat exchanger adopts the circumscribed structure, helps maintenance and replacing.This external tail gas heat exchanger is the shell-and-tube steam generator, is connected to vapour liquid separator between tail gas heat exchanger and waste heat generator.In the ammonia generating process, used tail gas heat exchanger, waste heat generator and vapour liquid separator among the present invention, made whole system too complicated, volume is too huge, takies the too much volume of boats and ships, is unfavorable for the actual use in boats and ships.
The Chinese patent publication number: CN 201093796Y, patent name is: ammonia water absorbing refrigerator.The system of this patent is made up of parts such as generator, rectifying column, condenser, expansion valve, absorber and evaporimeters.Packing layer is arranged in the rectifying column, and there is the shower of backflow ammoniacal liquor the packing layer top.The use of this patent rectifying column, make that the volume of whole system is bigger, be unfavorable for the miniaturization of system; Simultaneously, use the backflow ammoniacal liquor to carry out ammonia and purify, rectified heat is not fully utilized yet, and makes that the coefficient of performance of system is lower; Absorber has the nature liquid level, and absorbent properties will be subjected to boats and ships to jolt to rock to be influenced.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the prior art above shortcomings, the ammonia water absorbing refrigerator that provides a kind of marine exhaust to drive utilizes repeatedly heat recovery process, has effectively improved the coefficient of performance of refrigeration machine.Its regenerative apparatus has, ammonia subcolling condenser, ammonia high temperature cooler, regenerator and subcooler, the heat of condensation when reclaiming rectifying respectively, solution sensible heat, ammonia sensible heat etc.; The present invention does not have rectifier unit, and the whole system compact conformation helps miniaturization production; Absorber of the present invention utilizes the channel flow characteristic of vapour-liquid in the pipeline, makes ammonia and ammoniacal liquor flow the influence that the absorbent properties of system are not subjected to boats and ships to jolt and rock in the tubule of parallel connection; Generator of the present invention utilizes boiling generation in the tubule, and ammoniacal liquor seethes with excitement in a plurality of tubules in parallel, does not have pad in the generator, thereby can effectively improve the reliability of generator.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, the present invention includes: comprising: generator, backheat flow process assembly, cooling process assembly, subcooler and evaporimeter, wherein: backheat flow process assembly links to each other with the cooling process assembly with generator respectively, the cooling process assembly is connected with subcooler, and subcooler links to each other with evaporimeter.
Described backheat flow process assembly comprises: backheat flow process package shell, backheat section coil pipe, ammonia high temperature cooling section coil pipe, ammonia sub-cooled section coil pipe, ammonia sub-cooled section top exit and backheat section outlet at bottom, wherein: backheat section outlet at bottom links to each other with backheat flow process package shell bottom, ammonia sub-cooled section top exit links to each other with backheat flow process package shell top, ammonia sub-cooled section coil pipe bottom links to each other with backheat section coil pipe bottom, backheat section coil pipe top links to each other with ammonia high temperature cooling section coil pipe top, ammonia sub-cooled section coil pipe is on ammonia high temperature cooling section coil pipe top, and ammonia high temperature cooling section coil pipe is on backheat section coil pipe top.
Described generator comprises: gas approach, exhanst gas outlet, generator shell and generator coil pipe, wherein: gas approach links to each other with the generator shell bottom, and exhanst gas outlet links to each other with the generator shell top, and the generator coil pipe is welded in the generator shell.
Described cooling process assembly comprises: cooling process package shell, condensation segment coil pipe, coolant outlet, absorber portion coil pipe, cooling water inlet, wherein: cooling water inlet links to each other with cooling process package shell bottom, in the absorber portion coil pipe welding cooling process package shell, the condensation segment coil pipe is welded in the cooling process package shell, and the condensation segment coil pipe is on absorber portion coil pipe top.
Described subcooler comprises: subcooler coil pipe and subcooler shell; Described evaporimeter comprises: chilled water import, evaporator coil, evaporator shell, chilled water outlet, pump valve comprises: solution pump, choke valve and expansion valve, wherein: the subcooler coil pipe is welded in the subcooler shell, the subcooler bottom links to each other with the absorber portion coil pipe with choke valve respectively, the absorber portion coil pipe links to each other with solution pump, connect with expansion valve and evaporator coil bottom successively in subcooler coil pipe top, the evaporator coil top links to each other with the subcooler top, and evaporator coil is welded in the evaporator shell.
The present invention compares with prior art, and its major advantage comprises: (1) utilizes repeatedly heat recovery process, has effectively improved the coefficient of performance of refrigeration machine.Its regenerative apparatus has, ammonia subcolling condenser, ammonia high temperature cooler, regenerator and subcooler, the heat of condensation when reclaiming rectifying respectively, solution sensible heat, ammonia sensible heat etc.; (2) simplified rectifier unit, the whole system compact conformation helps miniaturization production; (3) absorber utilizes the channel flow characteristic of vapour-liquid in the pipeline, makes ammonia and ammoniacal liquor flow the influence that the absorbent properties of system are not subjected to boats and ships to jolt and rock in the tubule of parallel connection; (4) generator utilizes boiling generation in the tubule, and ammoniacal liquor seethes with excitement in a plurality of tubules in parallel, does not have pad in the generator, thereby can effectively improve the reliability of generator.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below embodiments of the invention are elaborated, present embodiment is being to implement under the prerequisite with the technical solution of the present invention, provided detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, present embodiment comprises: generator 1, backheat flow process assembly 2, cooling process assembly 3, subcooler 4, evaporimeter 5, wherein: wherein: generator 1 is connected with backheat flow process assembly 2, backheat flow process assembly 2 links to each other with cooling process assembly 3, cooling process assembly 3 is connected with subcooler 4, and subcooler 4 links to each other with evaporimeter 5.
Described generator 1 comprises: gas approach 6, exhanst gas outlet 7, generator shell 8, generator coil pipe 9, wherein: gas approach 6 links to each other with generator shell 8 bottoms, exhanst gas outlet 7 links to each other with generator shell 8 tops, and generator coil pipe 9 is welded in the generator shell 8.
Described backheat flow process assembly 2 comprises: backheat flow process package shell 10, backheat section coil pipe 11, ammonia high temperature cooling section coil pipe 12, ammonia sub-cooled section coil pipe 13, ammonia sub-cooled section top exit 14, backheat section outlet at bottom 15, wherein: backheat section outlet at bottom 15 links to each other with backheat flow process package shell 10 bottoms, and ammonia sub-cooled section top exit 14 links to each other with backheat flow process package shell 10 tops.Ammonia sub-cooled section coil pipe 13 bottoms link to each other with backheat section coil pipe 11 bottoms, and backheat section coil pipe 11 tops link to each other with ammonia high temperature cooling section coil pipe 12 tops.Ammonia sub-cooled section coil pipe 13 is on ammonia high temperature cooling section coil pipe 12 tops, and ammonia high temperature cooling section coil pipe 12 is on backheat section coil pipe 11 tops.
Described cooling process assembly 3 comprises: cooling process package shell 16, condensation segment coil pipe 17, coolant outlet 18, absorber portion coil pipe 19, cooling water inlet 20, wherein: cooling water inlet 20 links to each other with cooling process package shell 16 bottoms, in the absorber portion coil pipe 19 welding cooling process package shells 16, condensation segment coil pipe 17 is welded in the cooling process package shell 16.Condensation segment coil pipe 17 is on absorber portion coil pipe 19 tops.
Described subcooler 4 comprises: subcooler coil pipe 21, subcooler shell 22; Evaporimeter 5 comprises: chilled water import 23, evaporator coil 24, evaporator shell 25, chilled water outlet 26; Pump valve comprises: solution pump 27, choke valve 28, expansion valve 29.Wherein: subcooler coil pipe 21 is welded in the subcooler shell 22, subcooler 4 bottoms link to each other with choke valve 28, and link to each other with absorber portion coil pipe 19, link to each other with solution pump 27 again, subcooler coil pipe 21 tops link to each other with expansion valve 29, expansion valve 29 links to each other with evaporator coil 24 bottoms again, and evaporator coil 24 tops link to each other with subcooler 4 tops, and evaporator coil 24 is welded in the evaporator shell 25.
As shown in Figure 1, this installs concrete working method and comprises following:
1) flue gas workflow: flue gas enters generator 1 from gas approach 6, discharges from exhanst gas outlet 7, and flue gas adds heater coil pipe 9.
2) cooling water workflow: cooling water enters cooling process assembly 3 from cooling water inlet 20, flows out water quench absorber portion coil pipe 19 and condensation segment coil pipe 17 from cooling process assembly outlet 18.
3) chilled water workflow: chilled water enters evaporimeter from the chilled water import, flows out from the chilled water outlet, and chilled water temperature in evaporimeter is lowered, thus the output cold.
4) ammoniacal liquor and stream-liquid two-phase flow workflow thereof: after ammoniacal liquor is heated in generator coil pipe 9, flow out from generator coil pipe bottom, enter into backheat section coil pipe 11 parts of backheat flow process assembly, behind the heating backheat section coil pipe, flow out from backheat section outlet at bottom 15, through behind the choke valve 28, the ammonia that comes out with subcooler 4 bottoms enters into absorber portion coil pipe 19 tops together, after in the absorber portion coil pipe, being cooled, flow out from absorber portion coil pipe bottom, enter into the top of ammonia sub-cooled section coil pipe 13, after in ammonia sub-cooled section coil pipe, being heated, flow out from ammonia sub-cooled section coil pipe bottom, enter into backheat section coil pipe 11 bottoms, after in backheat section coil pipe, being heated, flow out, enter into ammonia high temperature cooling section coil pipe 12 tops from backheat section coil pipe top, after in ammonia high temperature cooling section coil pipe, being heated, flow out from ammonia high temperature cooling section coil pipe bottom, enter into generator coil pipe 9 tops, in the generator coil pipe, be heated.So just realized continuous circular flow.
5) ammonia steam and ammoniacal liquor workflow: aqueous ammonia steam enters into backheat flow process assembly 2 from generator coil pipe 9, and 12 places are cooled at ammonia high temperature cooling section coil pipe, and water vapour is condensed, and the heat of condensation of water heats ammoniacal liquor in this section coil pipe.Aqueous ammonia steam continues to rise, and 13 places are cooled at ammonia sub-cooled section coil pipe, and water vapour is by further condensation, and the heat of condensation of water heats ammoniacal liquor in this section coil pipe.Purity is that 0.998 ammonia flows out from ammonia sub-cooled section top exit 14, enter into condensation segment coil pipe 17, be condensed into ammoniacal liquor at condensation segment, ammoniacal liquor flows out from condensation segment coil pipe bottom, enter into subcooler coil pipe 21 bottoms, in this coil pipe, be cooled, flow out from subcooler coil pipe top again, enter into bottom, evaporator coil 24 bottoms, in evaporimeter, flash to ammonia, flow out from the evaporator coil top, enter into subcooler 4, flow out from the subcooler bottom, enter into absorber portion coil pipe 19 together with the ammoniacal liquor that flows out from choke valve 28, in the absorber portion coil pipe, ammoniacal liquor constantly absorbs ammonia, forms rich ammonia ammoniacal liquor.
Prior art is compared, and the major advantage of this device is embodied in: (1) this system utilizes repeatedly heat recovery process, has effectively improved the coefficient of performance of refrigeration machine.Its regenerative apparatus has, ammonia subcolling condenser, ammonia high temperature cooler, regenerator and subcooler, the heat of condensation when reclaiming rectifying respectively, solution sensible heat, ammonia sensible heat etc.As 140 ℃ of hot water temperatures, 26 ℃ of cooling water temperatures, chilled water outlet temperature-10 ℃, the coefficient of performance COP of this system is 0.5, and the coefficient of performance of legacy system is about 0.3.(2) this device does not have rectifier unit, and the whole system compact conformation helps miniaturization production; (3) absorber of this device utilizes the channel flow characteristic of vapour-liquid in the pipeline, makes ammonia and ammoniacal liquor flow the influence that the absorbent properties of system are not subjected to boats and ships to jolt and rock in the tubule of parallel connection; (4) generator of this device utilizes boiling generation in the tubule, and ammoniacal liquor seethes with excitement in a plurality of tubules in parallel, does not have pad in the generator, thereby can effectively improve the reliability of generator.
Claims (4)
1. the ammonia water absorbing refrigerator that drives of a marine exhaust, comprise: generator, backheat flow process assembly, cooling process assembly, subcooler and evaporimeter, wherein: backheat flow process assembly links to each other with the cooling process assembly with generator respectively, the cooling process assembly is connected with subcooler, subcooler links to each other with evaporimeter, it is characterized in that:
Described backheat flow process assembly comprises: backheat flow process package shell, backheat section coil pipe, ammonia high temperature cooling section coil pipe, ammonia sub-cooled section coil pipe, ammonia sub-cooled section top exit and backheat section outlet at bottom, wherein: backheat section outlet at bottom links to each other with backheat flow process package shell bottom, ammonia sub-cooled section top exit links to each other with backheat flow process package shell top, ammonia sub-cooled section coil pipe bottom links to each other with backheat section coil pipe bottom, backheat section coil pipe top links to each other with ammonia high temperature cooling section coil pipe top, ammonia sub-cooled section coil pipe is on ammonia high temperature cooling section coil pipe top, and ammonia high temperature cooling section coil pipe is on backheat section coil pipe top.
2. the ammonia water absorbing refrigerator that marine exhaust according to claim 1 drives, it is characterized in that, described generator comprises: gas approach, exhanst gas outlet, generator shell and generator coil pipe, wherein: gas approach links to each other with the generator shell bottom, exhanst gas outlet links to each other with the generator shell top, and the generator coil pipe is welded in the generator shell.
3. the ammonia water absorbing refrigerator that marine exhaust according to claim 1 drives, it is characterized in that, described cooling process assembly comprises: cooling process package shell, condensation segment coil pipe, coolant outlet, absorber portion coil pipe, cooling water inlet, wherein: cooling water inlet links to each other with cooling process package shell bottom, the absorber portion coil pipe is welded in the cooling process package shell, the condensation segment coil pipe is welded in the cooling process package shell, and the condensation segment coil pipe is on absorber portion coil pipe top.
4. the ammonia water absorbing refrigerator that marine exhaust according to claim 1 drives is characterized in that described subcooler comprises: subcooler coil pipe and subcooler shell; Described evaporimeter comprises: chilled water import, evaporator coil, evaporator shell, chilled water outlet, pump valve comprises: solution pump, choke valve and expansion valve, wherein: the subcooler coil pipe is welded in the subcooler shell, the subcooler bottom links to each other with the absorber portion coil pipe with choke valve respectively, the absorber portion coil pipe links to each other with solution pump, connect with expansion valve and evaporator coil bottom successively in subcooler coil pipe top, the evaporator coil top links to each other with the subcooler top, and evaporator coil is welded in the evaporator shell.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2010102523975A CN101915478B (en) | 2010-08-13 | 2010-08-13 | Ammonia water absorption refrigerating machine driven by marine exhaust |
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| CN2010102523975A CN101915478B (en) | 2010-08-13 | 2010-08-13 | Ammonia water absorption refrigerating machine driven by marine exhaust |
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| CN101915478A CN101915478A (en) | 2010-12-15 |
| CN101915478B true CN101915478B (en) | 2011-11-16 |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103206803B (en) * | 2012-01-11 | 2015-09-16 | 江苏江平空调净化设备有限公司 | Multiple transpiration-cooled aqua-ammonia absorption system |
| CN103206806B (en) * | 2012-01-11 | 2015-09-16 | 江苏江平空调净化设备有限公司 | The ammoniacal liquor thermal release system that waste heat drives |
| CN106288494B (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2019-11-01 | 上海交通大学 | Quadruple heat recovery compact ammonia water refrigerating system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPH08271080A (en) * | 1995-03-30 | 1996-10-18 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Absorption refrigeration apparatus |
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| CN2841392Y (en) * | 2005-09-30 | 2006-11-29 | 王可杰 | Air conditioner apparatus of recovering and utilizing automobile after-heat to refrigerate |
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