CN101908913B - Scanning method of directive antenna-based Ad Hoc network neighbor nodes - Google Patents
Scanning method of directive antenna-based Ad Hoc network neighbor nodes Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a scanning method of directive antenna-based Ad Hoc network neighbor nodes in the technical field of wireless communication, comprising the following steps of: numbering each node prepared to enter a directive antenna-based Ad Hoc network; respectively configuring the same antenna device for each node to obtain scanning direction numbers of the antennae; sequentially numbering the directions of the antennae and ensuring the numbers of each antenna in the same direction are same; pre-estimating the network before the nodes enter the network to obtain the number of nodes of the network; dividing the communication time into a plurality of time slots; after the nodes enter the network, carrying out the receiving/transmitting mode selection processing at the beginning of each time slot to determine the receiving/transmitting mode of each time slot of the antenna; carrying out the scanning pattern selection processing of the antenna to obtain the scanning pattern under the receiving/transmitting mode in the fifth step; and finishing the scanning work of the time slot by using the nodes and turning into next time slot. The invention greatly reduces the finding time of the node scanning and has high scanning accuracy.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of method of wireless communication technology field, specifically a kind of Ad Hoc based on directive antenna (self-organizing is to equation multi-hop mobile communications network) network neighbor nodes scan method.
Background technology
To from eighties of last century since the nineties, do not need that static infrastructure supports, by the ad hoc deployed wireless networks that some mobile nodes form, abbreviation Ad Hoc network becomes a focus in the wireless network gradually.Ad Hoc network does not have static infrastructure, is comprised of many nodes that geographically disperse, and these nodes can freely enter and deviated from network, can be mobile freely in network yet.Easily installation and flexible configuration make Ad Hoc network that very widely application prospect be arranged.
Directive antenna is further to utilize space resources, and improves the capacity of cordless communication network.Utilize directive antenna not only can reach farther communication distance, can also realize channel separation spatially, further increase the space reuse degree, improve network capacity.Because directional antenna can form wave beam at specific direction, and can not interfere with the reception of node on other direction, and if node use directional reception, also can not hear the interference (interference of supposing secondary lobe is very little) of neighbor node.So that in omnidirectional's interference range of a node, allow two pairs or more node to carry out simultaneously send and receive, thereby can obtain larger network throughput.The employing adaptive antenna can use the main lobe of narrow beam to receive and transmit, suppress interference signal at secondary lobe and zero point, can reduce system interference, improve the output signal-to-noise ratio of array, namely improve the antijamming capability of system, disturbing for multipath also has certain weakening effect.
It is basis and the prerequisite of Ad Hoc network organizing that neighbor node is found.Special in the communication network based on directional antenna.After neighbor node finds to refer to each node start, under the condition that does not have the neighbors prior information, by based on certain mutual blind or every other node (being found by other nodes simultaneously) in the blind method agreement finds rapidly its communication coverage, and set up the process that basic communication connects.The neighbor node discover method is in the situation that use directional antenna and the omnidirectional antenna different choice, needs the problem that solves also not identical, and its method good and bad directly affects node communication apart from indexs such as, network settling times.
In omnidirectional antenna system, because the equal Independent Decisiveness transmitted signal of each node, when scanning its adjacent node distribution situation, neighbor node in its coverage must be received signal, therefore the groundwork found of abutment points is to solve the scanning Handshake Protocol and how reduces conflict as far as possible, efficiently to utilize transfer resource.But in the wireless network that adopts directional antenna, " must " condition do not exist, proper communication between the node/collision need the condition that satisfies from traditional time domain not overlapping/the overlapping corresponding conditions that satisfies simultaneously on time domain+spatial domain that is promoted to, all sending and receivings must be shot the arrow at the target and (be aimed at simultaneously time slot and direction, namely satisfy time domain/spatial domain overlapping), otherwise will be invalid communication.The antenna pattern that two nodes are carved at a time is relative, and simultaneously sending and receiving pattern is opposite, could form an efficient communication.As seen, in the directive antenna network, channel resource is portrayed as two dimensional form, time slot and antenna direction, for multi-beam switched antenna battle array, channel resource can be expressed as { T (n), D (m) }, wherein: T (n) represents n time slot, and D (m) represents m antenna element.The process that neighbor node is found will be determined the Di (m) of any neighbor node (being made as node i) exactly, finish the distribution to the system space resource, and determine that by the timeslot scheduling distribution method { T (n), D (m) } between two nodes matches on this basis.
In the Ad Hoc network based on beam array, when considering that neighbors is found, transceiver mode or scanning direction will cause forever can't setting up shaking hands not when good, close at hand indiscoverable problem occur.Two communication nodes only have when directional antenna and point to relatively, and one is in the state of sending out, efficient communication could occur when another one was in the receipts state, a complete distributed method for the selection of carving at a time the sending and receiving pattern, be each node according to certain rule decide in its sole discretion certain constantly antenna be in state or the receipts state sent out, the method will determine the statistical property of certain efficient communication success in conjunction with the scan pattern method, and then will directly affect the final index that abutment points is found: the abutment points discovery time.
In the Ad Hoc network based on omnidirectional antenna, the node transmitting-receiving all is spherical covering, does not therefore have so-called " scanning " problem.And in the Ad Hoc network that adopts based on beam array, in order to find all neighbor nodes in this node coverage, this node must carry out space " scanning " to the area of coverage of oneself in some way with the directive antenna unit.The process of scanning is namely constantly switched the process of currently used antenna element, the order of this switching and method, namely " scan pattern design " in antenna array.
Find from the retrieval of prior art document, the scan mechanism of neighbor node does not have consistent method in the existing Ad Hoc network, mostly be greatly the scanning of blindness, therefore in the neighbors discovery and maintenance scheme under existing asynchronous pure beam communication, the detection probability that has a node generally lower, the discovery cycle is longer, and " not hearing " problem more seriously waits not enough.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiency of prior art, a kind of Ad Hoc network neighbor nodes scan method based on directive antenna is provided.The present invention proposes the node scan method for the relation of number of nodes and node antenna direction number, when guaranteeing that node can scan all neighbor nodes, can greatly reduce sweep time, thereby finish rapidly network topology preparation.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, the present invention includes following steps:
The first step is carried out binary number to each node of preparing approach axis antenna Ad Hoc network.
Second step is respectively the same antenna assembly of each node configuration, and N is counted in the scanning direction that obtains antenna, and with the direction number consecutively of antenna be 1,2 ..., N, and the unidirectional numbering of each antenna is identical.
N is counted in the scanning direction of described antenna, is:
Wherein: B is the lobe main lobe angle of antenna.
The 3rd step, before node enters network, network is estimated processing, obtain the interstitial content M of network.
Describedly estimate processing, be:
M＝2
W，
Wherein: W is the figure place of binary number in the first step.
The 4th step was divided into some time slots with time of communication, after node enters network, received/sent out model selection and process when each time slot begins, and determined the receipts of each time slot of an antenna/pattern.
Described receipts/send out model selection to process are:
When M≤N, node determines to receive according to local node ID number/send out pattern, when node the i time scanning/when receiving, the i position of the binary number of this node is 0, this node selective reception pattern then, otherwise, the selection sending mode; Or, when node the i time scanning/when receiving, the i position of the binary number of this node is 0, then this node is selected sending mode, otherwise, the selective reception pattern;
When M＞N, node according to transmitting-receiving probability γ determine to receive/send out pattern, when time slot begins, produce at random a random number x between the 0-10, when x＜5, then node is selected sending mode, otherwise, the selective reception pattern; Or, when x＜5, node selective reception pattern then, otherwise, select sending mode.
The 5th step, carry out the antenna scanning pattern and select to process, obtain the scan pattern of antenna under the 5th receipts that a go on foot/pattern.
Described antenna scanning pattern is selected to process, and is:
When M 〉=N * (1+50%), produce a pseudo random sequence S who comprises N pseudo random number
N={ S
1, S
2, S
3... S
N, and adopt the random scan method of this pseudo random sequence to scan;
When N * (1-50%)＜M＜N * (1+50%), adopt clockwise or counterclockwise in the same way scan method scan;
When M≤N * (1-50%), adopt the clockwise or counterclockwise compound scan method of large stepping to scan.
Described random scan method is: at i time slot, as i≤M, then select to be numbered S
iAntenna direction scan, as i＞M, then select to be numbered S
kAntenna direction scan, wherein: S
iI pseudo random number in the pseudo random sequence that obtains, S
kK pseudo random number in the pseudo random sequence that is, k is the remainder that i is divided exactly M.
Described in the same way scan method is: at i time slot, as i≤M, the antenna direction of then selecting to be numbered i scans; As i＞M, then select to be numbered i and divide exactly the antenna direction of the remainder of M and scan.
Described compound scan method is: generate an integer T at random in [0, N-1] interval, T ' is the numbering of last time slot scanning direction, and when T+T '≤N, the antenna direction of selecting to be numbered T+T ' scans; When T+T '＞N, select to be numbered T+T ' and divide exactly the antenna direction of the remainder of N and scan, for first time slot, T '=0.
In the 6th step, node is finished the scanning work of this time slot, enters next time slot, returns for the 5th step.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, greatly reduced the discovery time of node scan;
2, reliably comprehensively scan whole neighbor nodes;
3, be adapted to various Ad Hoc nodes density scenes, have widely application scenarios.
Embodiment
Below method of the present invention is further described: the present embodiment is implemented under take technical solution of the present invention as prerequisite, provided detailed execution mode and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment
The present embodiment may further comprise the steps:
The first step is carried out binary number to each node of preparing approach axis antenna Ad Hoc network.
0001,0010 have 14 nodes in the present embodiment network, number consecutively is: ..., 1110, and the figure place of this binary number is 4.
Second step is respectively the same antenna assembly of each node configuration, and N is counted in the scanning direction that obtains antenna, and with the direction number consecutively of antenna be 1,2 ..., N, and the unidirectional numbering of each antenna is identical.
Described antenna scanning direction number N is:
Wherein: B is the lobe main lobe angle of antenna.
In the present embodiment
Therefore N=12.
The 3rd step, before node enters network, network is estimated processing, obtain the interstitial content M of network.
Describedly estimate processing, be:
M＝2
W，
Wherein: W is the figure place of binary number in the first step.
Therefore W=4 in the present embodiment is M=16.
The 4th step was divided into some time slots with time of communication, after node enters network, received/sent out model selection and process when each time slot begins, and determined the receipts of each time slot of an antenna/pattern.
M＞N in the present embodiment therefore node is determined to receive/pattern according to transmitting-receiving probability γ, is specially: when time slot begins, produce at random a random number x between the 0-10, when x＜5, then node is selected sending mode; When x＞5, node selective reception pattern then.
The 5th step, carry out the antenna scanning pattern and select to process, obtain the scan pattern of antenna under the 5th receipts that a go on foot/pattern.
N in the present embodiment * (1-50%)＜M＜N * (1+50%), scan method scans therefore adopt clockwise in the same way, is specially: when this time slot is the i time scanning, then to be numbered the antenna direction of i be the scanning direction of antenna in selection; As i＞M, then to divide exactly the antenna direction of the remainder of M be the scanning direction of antenna with selecting to be numbered i.
In the 6th step, node is finished the scanning work of this time slot, enters next time slot, returns for the 5th step.
The present embodiment is estimating whole network system nodes before the network networking, and the performance that each node is equipped with antenna is calculated, thereby the different scenes by diffServ network, can dynamically select flexibly the different scan method of node, thereby greatly reduced the discovery time of node scan, and the accuracy rate of scanning is very high, is adapted to the node density scene of various Ad Hoc networks.
Claims (4)
1. the Ad Hoc network neighbor nodes scan method based on directive antenna is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
The first step is carried out binary number to each node of preparing approach axis antenna Ad Hoc network;
Second step is respectively the same antenna assembly of each node configuration, and N is counted in the scanning direction that obtains antenna, and with the direction number consecutively of antenna be 1,2 ..., N, and the unidirectional numbering of each antenna is identical;
The 3rd step, before node enters network, network is estimated processing, obtain the interstitial content M of network;
The 4th step was divided into some time slots with time of communication, after node enters network, received/sent out model selection and process when each time slot begins, and determined the receipts of each time slot of an antenna/pattern;
The 5th step, carry out the antenna scanning pattern and select to process, obtain the scan pattern of antenna under the 5th receipts that a go on foot/pattern;
In the 6th step, node is finished the scanning work of this time slot, enters next time slot, returns for the 4th step;
N is counted in the scanning direction of the antenna described in the second step, is:
Wherein: B is the lobe main lobe angle of antenna;
Estimate processing described in the 3rd step, be:
M＝2
W，
Wherein: W is the figure place of binary number in the first step;
Receipts described in the 4th step/send out model selection to process are:
When M≤N, node determines to receive according to local node ID number/send out pattern, when node the i time scanning/when receiving, the i position of the binary number of this node is 0, this node selective reception pattern then, otherwise, the selection sending mode; Or, when node the i time scanning/when receiving, the i position of the binary number of this node is 0, then this node is selected sending mode, otherwise, the selective reception pattern;
When M＞N, node according to transmitting-receiving probability γ determine to receive/send out pattern, when time slot begins, produce at random a random number x between the 0-10, when x＜5, then node is selected sending mode, otherwise, the selective reception pattern; Or, when x＜5, node selective reception pattern then, otherwise, select sending mode;
Antenna scanning pattern described in the 5th step is selected to process, and is:
When M 〉=N * (1+50%), produce a pseudo random sequence S who comprises N pseudo random number
N={ S
1, S
2, S
3S
N, and adopt the random scan method of this pseudo random sequence to scan;
When N * (1-50%)＜M＜N * (1+50%), adopt clockwise or counterclockwise in the same way scan method scan;
When M≤N * (1-50%), adopt the clockwise or counterclockwise compound scan method of large stepping to scan.
2. the Ad Hoc network neighbor nodes scan method based on directive antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described random scan method is: at i time slot, as i≤M, then select to be numbered S
iAntenna direction scan, as i＞M, then select to be numbered S
kAntenna direction scan, wherein: S
iI pseudo random number in the pseudo random sequence that obtains, S
kBe k pseudo random number in the pseudo random sequence that obtains, k is the remainder that i is divided exactly M.
3. the Ad Hoc network neighbor nodes scan method based on directive antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described in the same way scan method is: at i time slot, as i≤M, the antenna direction of then selecting to be numbered i scans; As i＞M, then select to be numbered i and divide exactly the antenna direction of the remainder of M and scan.
4. the Ad Hoc network neighbor nodes scan method based on directive antenna according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described compound scan method, be: [0, N-1] generate an integer T at random in the interval, T ' is the numbering of last time slot scanning direction, and when T+T '≤N, the antenna direction of selecting to be numbered T+T ' scans; When T+T '＞N, select to be numbered T+T ' and divide exactly the antenna direction of the remainder of N and scan, for first time slot, T '=0.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103686611A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2014-03-26 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Novel neighbor finding method based on directional antenna |
| CN103916929B (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2017-03-15 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十研究所 | A kind of orientation Ad Hoc network neighbor discovering methods |
| CN104053178A (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2014-09-17 | 清华大学 | Hardware simulation method of MANET network and network nodes |
| CN103945386B (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2018-04-06 | 上海交通大学 | The hollow time-frequency three dimensional resource distribution method of Ad Hoc networks |
| CN103944642B (en) * | 2014-04-21 | 2017-04-12 | 长春理工大学 | All-optical spatial information network allowing dynamic linking and information transmitting devices thereof |
| CN104703247B (en) * | 2015-01-07 | 2018-06-19 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十研究所 | A kind of People Near Me based on more mini-slot finds method and system |
| CN105959995B (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2019-06-04 | 上海交通大学 | The TDMA neighbors scan method received surely is sent out in Ad Hoc network entirely |
| CN105848246B (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2019-04-05 | 上海交通大学 | Asynchronous TDMA neighbor node scan method in Ad Hoc network |
| CN106686567B (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2019-10-11 | 西安电子科技大学 | Orientation self-organizing network neighbors based on probability optimization finds method |
| CN107071755B (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2019-08-16 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | A kind of orientation non-stop layer ad hoc network neighbor discovering method reducing collision probability |
| CN109905872B (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2021-01-15 | 北京邮电大学 | Neighbor node discovery method and device |
| CN112118563B (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2021-05-14 | 电子科技大学 | Wireless ad hoc network neighbor discovery method based on adaptive antenna array |
| CN113490199B (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2023-10-20 | 广东电网有限责任公司广州供电局 | Self-organizing network neighbor node discovery method with self-adaptive power consumption |
| CN113259923B (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-09-24 | 军事科学院系统工程研究院网络信息研究所 | Directional beam detection method, tracking method, detection system and storage medium |
| CN115802442B (en) * | 2023-01-17 | 2023-04-25 | 天地信息网络研究院(安徽)有限公司 | Directional ad hoc network neighbor discovery method |
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