CN101895756B - Method and system for coding, decoding and reconstructing video image blocks - Google Patents
Method and system for coding, decoding and reconstructing video image blocks Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for coding, decoding and reconstructing video image blocks, wherein the coding method comprises the following steps: selecting a prediction mode, and generating predicted blocks according to the reconstructed pixels around image blocks; calculating the difference between the pixels corresponding to the image blocks and the predicted blocks to obtain residual values, wherein all the residual values constitute a residual block; selecting the arrangement sequence of at least one residual value from a group of rearrangement sequences of the residual values to be selected, and rearranging the residual values in the residual block; transforming the rearranged residual block by selecting a transformation function to obtain the indication of the transformation coefficient of the residual block; and further scanning, quantifying and carrying out entropy-coding on the transformation coefficient. By rearranging the residual sampling values in the residual block in a null field, the characteristics of residual statistics in different modes can be similar or identical, thus achieving the performance similar to the transformation related to the modes by using fewer transformation functions and reducing the storage complexity of a coder and a decoder at the same time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to image code domain, relate in particular to a kind of coding, decoding, reconstructing method and system of video image blocks.
Background technology
H.264/AVC, the video encoding standard of a new generation under the framework of existing video encoding standard, has realized increasing substantially of code efficiency, becomes the mainstream standard of video information compression form from now on.
In video encoder, video data at first is divided into the piece of several 16 * 16 sizes, and wherein the piece of each 16 * 16 size is called as macro block (Macroblock), and the process of video coding is that unit carries out with macro block (Macroblock).In the middle of the process of a macro block of encoder encodes, can further macroblock partitions be a plurality of littler unit, as shown in Figure 1 such as 16 4 * 4 piece, perhaps 48 * 8 piece etc.With 4 * 4 intraframe coding in H.264/AVC is example; As shown in Figure 2, pixel (A～L, Q around encoder at first utilizes each 4 * 4; Fig. 2 left side) generates one 4 * 4 big or small predict blocks (Predicted block) according to certain prediction direction (Fig. 2 is right); Ask difference with 4 * 4 with this predict blocks individual element then, obtain the residual block (Residual block) of one 4 * 4 size, 16 elements in the residual block are referred to as residual samples (Residual sample) value.Because the statistical property of the residual error that the different predicting direction is corresponding is different, in recent years, the relevant direction transformation of researcher's proposition pattern is arranged; Promptly, adopt different transforming function transformation functions, on this basis to the different predicting direction; The further extraction rate distortion of researcher optimal transformation is arranged again; Be that each prediction direction has several transforming function transformation functions to be selected, in cataloged procedure, encoder can be selected the transforming function transformation function of corresponding best performance to each residual block respectively.These methods have improved the H.264/AVC performance of intraframe coding significantly, but have also improved simultaneously the complexity of encoder, and the remarkable increase that main aspect is exactly a transforming function transformation function quantity causes the storage complexity of higher codec.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of coding, decoding, reconstructing method and system of video image blocks, to have reduced the storage complexity of codec.
First aspect the invention discloses a kind of coding method of video image blocks, and said image block is the set of image pixel value, and this method comprises that predict blocks generates step, selects predictive mode, according to reconstructed pixels generation forecast piece around the image block; The residual block calculation procedure, the difference between computed image piece and the predict blocks respective pixel obtains residual values, and all residual values are formed a residual block; The residual values step that reorders from the permutatation order of one group of residual values to be selected, is selected putting in order of at least one residual values, and the residual values in the residual block is resequenced; Coding step selects transforming function transformation function that the residual block after reordering is carried out conversion, and the conversion coefficient that obtains residual block is represented, the line translation coefficient scanning of going forward side by side quantizes entropy coding.
Above-mentioned coding method; Preferred said residual values reorders in the step; The selection of the permutatation of residual values order has following three kinds of selection modes: mode one, according to selected predictive mode, from the permutatation order of one group of residual values to be selected, select putting in order of at least one residual values; Or mode two, according to the numerical value of current residual block, from the permutatation order of one group of residual values to be selected, select putting in order of at least one residual values; Or mode three, according to the numerical value of selected predictive mode and current residual block, from the permutatation order of one group of residual values to be selected, select putting in order of at least one residual values.
Above-mentioned coding method preferably for the intraframe coding process, adopts said mode one or said mode three to carry out the selection of the permutatation order of residual values; For the interframe encode process, adopt said mode two to carry out the selection of the permutatation order of residual values.
Second aspect the invention discloses a kind of coding/decoding method of video image blocks, and said image block is the set of image pixel value; This method comprises the steps: decoding step; Result to coding carries out entropy decoding, inverse quantization, conversion coefficient inverse scan; Obtain being used to the encoding predictive mode of current image block, and the conversion coefficient of residual block is represented; Prediction steps, the predictive mode that obtains according to decoding, and according to the pixel generation forecast piece of having decoded and having obtained around the image block; The inverse transformation step, the selection transforming function transformation function is represented to carry out inverse transformation to the conversion coefficient of the residual block that decoding step obtains, and obtains residual block; The contrary step that reorders of residual values according to the information that decoding step obtains, from the permutatation order of one group of residual values to be selected, is selected putting in order of at least one residual values, and the residual values in the residual block is carried out contrary reordering; The residual prediction step is according to predict blocks and the contrary residual block generation forecast residual error that reorders.
The third aspect; The invention discloses a kind of reconstructing method of video image blocks; Said image block is the set of image pixel value, and this method comprises the steps: inverse quantization and inverse transformation step, and the conversion coefficient of the residual block after quantizing is represented to carry out inverse quantization; And the conversion coefficient after selecting transforming function transformation function to inverse quantization representes to carry out inverse transformation, obtains residual block; The contrary step that reorders of residual values, according to the permutatation order of the selected residual values of cataloged procedure, the residual values in the residual block that inverse quantization and inverse transformation step are obtained is carried out contrary reordering; The residual prediction step is according to predict blocks and the contrary residual block generation forecast residual error that reorders.
Fourth aspect the invention discloses a kind of coded system of video image blocks, and said image block is the set of image pixel value, comprising: the predict blocks generation module is used to select predictive mode, according to reconstructed pixels generation forecast piece around the image block; The residual block computing module is used for the difference between computed image piece and the predict blocks respective pixel, obtains residual values, and all residual values are formed a residual block; The residual values module that reorders from the permutatation order of one group of residual values to be selected, is selected putting in order of at least one residual values, and the residual values in the residual block is resequenced; Coding module is used to select transforming function transformation function that the residual block after reordering is carried out conversion, and the conversion coefficient that obtains residual block is represented, go forward side by side line translation coefficient scanning and quantification, conversion, entropy coding.
Above-mentioned coded system; Preferred said residual values reorders in the module; The selection of the permutatation of residual values order has following three kinds of selection modes: mode one, according to selected predictive mode, from the permutatation order of one group of residual values to be selected, select putting in order of at least one residual values; Or mode two, according to the numerical value of current residual block, from the permutatation order of one group of residual values to be selected, select putting in order of at least one residual values; Or mode three, according to the numerical value of selected predictive mode and current residual block, from the permutatation order of one group of residual values to be selected, select putting in order of at least one residual values.
Above-mentioned coded system preferably for the intraframe coding process, adopts said mode one or said mode three to carry out the selection of the permutatation order of residual values; For the interframe encode process, adopt said mode two to carry out the selection of the permutatation order of residual values.
The 5th aspect the invention discloses a kind of decode system of video image blocks, and said image block is the set of image pixel value, comprises decoder module, prediction module, inverse transform block, residual values contrary reorder module and residual prediction module.Wherein, decoder module is used for the result of coding is carried out entropy decoding, inverse quantization, and the conversion coefficient inverse scan, the predictive mode of the current image block that obtains being used to encoding, and the conversion coefficient of residual block is represented; Prediction module is used for the predictive mode that obtains according to decoding, and according to the pixel generation forecast piece of having decoded and having obtained around the image block; Inverse transform block is used to select the conversion coefficient of the residual block that transforming function transformation function obtains decoding step to represent to carry out inverse transformation, obtains residual block; The contrary module that reorders of residual values is used for the information that obtains according to decoding step, from the permutatation order of one group of residual values to be selected, selects putting in order of at least one residual values, and the residual values in the residual block is carried out contrary reordering; The residual prediction module is used for according to predict blocks and the contrary residual block generation forecast residual error that reorders.
The 5th aspect the invention discloses a kind of reconfiguration system of video image blocks, and said image block is the set of image pixel value, comprising: inverse quantization and inverse transform block, residual values contrary reorder module and residual prediction module.Wherein, inverse quantization and inverse transform block are used for the conversion coefficient of the residual block after quantizing is represented to carry out inverse quantization, and the conversion coefficient expression after selecting transforming function transformation function to inverse quantization carries out inverse transformation, obtain residual block; The contrary module that reorders of residual values is used for the permutatation order according to the selected residual values of cataloged procedure, and the residual values in the residual block that inverse quantization and inverse transform block are obtained is carried out contrary reordering; The residual prediction module is used for according to predict blocks and the contrary residual block generation forecast residual error that reorders.
In terms of existing technologies; The present invention is through reordering to the residual samples value in the residual block in the spatial domain; Make that the residual error statistical property of different mode is approximate identical; Thereby can only use a spot of transforming function transformation function to realize the performance approximate, reduce the storage complexity of codec simultaneously with the pattern correlating transforms.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of steps of the coding method embodiment of video image blocks of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is to be the sketch map of 16 4 * 4 piece with single macroblock partitions;
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of steps of the coding method embodiment of a kind of video image blocks of the present invention;
Fig. 4 be H.264/AVC in 4 * 4 infra-frame prediction sketch map;
Fig. 5 be H.264/AVC in 4 * 4 intra prediction mode 0 and the residual error amplitude distribution sketch map of intra prediction mode 1;
Fig. 6 is through after reordering, H.264/AVC in 4 * 4 intra prediction mode 0 and the residual error amplitude distribution sketch map of intra prediction mode 1;
Fig. 7 be H.264/AVC in 4 * 4 a kind of sketch map of method for reordering of 9 intra prediction modes;
Fig. 8 A is the structural representation of the coded system of video image blocks of the present invention;
Fig. 8 B is the reorder structural representation of module of residual values.
Embodiment
For make above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage can be more obviously understandable, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention done further detailed explanation.
With reference to Fig. 3, Fig. 3 is the flow chart of steps of the coding method embodiment of a kind of video image blocks of the present invention, comprises the steps: that predict blocks generates step S1, selects predictive mode, according to reconstructed pixels generation forecast piece around the image block; Residual block calculation procedure S2, the difference between computed image piece and the predict blocks respective pixel obtains residual values, and all residual values are formed a residual block; The residual values step S3 that reorders from the permutatation order of one group of residual values to be selected, selects putting in order of at least one residual values, and the residual values in the residual block is resequenced; Coding step S4 selects transforming function transformation function that the residual block after reordering is carried out conversion, and the conversion coefficient that obtains residual block is represented, the line translation coefficient scanning of going forward side by side quantizes entropy coding.
Wherein, residual values reorders in the step, and the selection of the permutatation order of residual values has following three kinds of selection modes:
1), according to selected predictive mode, from the permutatation of one group of residual values to be selected order, select putting in order of at least one residual values.This mode is applicable to the infra-frame prediction process.
2), according to the numerical value of current residual block, from the permutatation order of one group of residual values to be selected, select putting in order of at least one residual values.The mode of changing is applicable to the interframe encode process.
3), according to the numerical value of selected predictive mode and current residual block, from the permutatation order of one group of residual values to be selected, select putting in order of at least one residual values.This mode is applicable to the infra-frame prediction process.
With reference to Fig. 4; Fig. 4 is the flow chart of steps of the method for reordering embodiment of prediction residual in a kind of video coding of the present invention; Comprise the steps: statistical property obtaining step 110, add up the amplitude distribution of residual error under each pattern, obtain the statistical property of the residual error distribution of different mode; The step 120 that reorders reorders to residual error, and the statistical property that makes the residual error of said different mode distribute is approximate identical.
The foregoing description is through reordering to the residual samples value in the residual block in the spatial domain; Make that the residual error statistical property of different mode is approximate identical; Thereby can only use a spot of transforming function transformation function to realize the performance approximate, reduce the storage complexity of codec simultaneously with the pattern correlating transforms.
In the foregoing description; At first the amplitude distribution of the residual error under each pattern is added up, be example with intra prediction mode 1 with 4 * 4 intra prediction mode 0 in H.264/AVC, as shown in Figure 5; Can find out: it is close that the residual error of pattern 0 presents the horizontal direction amplitude; The statistical nature that the vertical direction amplitude increases from top to bottom, and that the residual error of pattern 1 presents the vertical direction amplitude is close, the horizontal direction amplitude is by the statistical nature of left-to-right increase.For the distribution character that makes the predictive mode 0 and the residual error of intra prediction mode 1 is similar to identical; Through predictive mode 0 is carried out lining by line scan of horizontal direction; Predictive mode 1 carries out lining by line scan of vertical direction, obtains the distribution character of the range value of the residual block after shown in Figure 6 the reordering, and can find out: through reordering; It is close that the distribution character of the residual error of predictive mode 0 and intra prediction mode 1 all presents the horizontal direction amplitude, the statistical nature that the vertical direction amplitude increases from top to bottom.
Similarly, the residual error of remaining frame mode is also reordered according to the approximately uniform target of statistical property, make that the statistical property of residual error of different frame internal schema is approximate identical.Write down the residual block after process reorders under each frame mode then, train one group of transforming function transformation function to be used for the conversion and the inverse transformation of Code And Decode process.Fig. 7 be H.264/AVC in a kind of sketch map of method for reordering of 9 intra prediction modes.In the intraframe coding process, to each piece in the macro block, at first carry out infra-frame prediction, according to the selected method that reorders of intra prediction mode residual error is reordered then, carry out conversion subsequently, quantize computings such as entropy coding; In decoding and process of reconstruction, according to intra prediction mode, the residual block after the inverse transformation is carried out contrary reordering, and then the residual block after contrary the reordering is carried out computings such as pixel reconstruction.
Cataloged procedure:
Form with macro block provides video data; Frame (being called this frame) in the video is divided into macro block; Be a plurality of image blocks with macroblock partitions then, (it is the sketch map of piece that Fig. 1 is single macroblock partitions) also encodes to each piece of present frame according to following steps circularly;
According to the present frame inner estimation mode, utilize the pixel value generation forecast piece of having rebuild around the current block, and calculate the difference between predict blocks and the image block, i.e. residual block;
According to the present frame inner estimation mode, according to the clooating sequence shown in Fig. 6, selected corresponding method for reordering reorders to residual block;
According to obtain in the step (three) reorder after residual block, quantize conversion, entropy coding
Repeat above-mentioned steps, continue the coding of next frame, dispose up to the video last frame.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, method proposed by the invention can directly be applied in the intraframe coding process in the KTA reference software.
Table 1 and table 2 have been listed the present invention and the existing performance difference of method on the KTA reference software of existent method, and its intermediate-resolution is respectively 720p (1280 * 720) and 1080p (1920 * 1080), and all macro block adopts intraframe coding.Experiment shows that the present invention can keep the performance consistent with existing method, and the quantity of transformation matrix significantly reduces simultaneously, and promptly storage complexity reduces.The existing method here be meant " | Y.Ye and M.Karczewicz; " Improved is intra coding based on bi-directional intra prediction h.264; Directional transform, and adaptive coefficient scanning, " Proceedings ofthe 2008 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP); pp.2116-2119, Oct.2008 " the middle method of putting down in writing.
Table 1 the present invention and existing methods performance difference
| BD-YPSNR | BD-Rate | |
| Rush_Hour(1080p) | -0.028 | 0.951 |
| Station2(1080p) | 0.009 | -0.260 |
| Sunflower(1080p) | -0.062 | 1.528 |
| Tennis(1080p) | 0.006 | -0.193 |
| Tractor(1080p) | -0.021 | 0.426 |
| BigShips(720p) | 0.023 | -0.484 |
| Night(720p) | 0.059 | -0.921 |
| Sailormen(720p) | 0.013 | -0.348 |
| City(720p) | 0.053 | -0.749 |
| Crew(720p) | 0.014 | -0.210 |
| Harbour(720p) | 0.003 | -0.026 |
| On average | 0.006 | -0.026 |
The quantity of table 2 the present invention and the used transformation matrix of existing methods
| Intra prediction mode | Existing method | The inventive method |
| I4MB | 18 | 3 |
| I8MB | 18 | 3 |
| I16MB | 8 | 3 |
Though the present invention is in the intraframe coding of KTA reference software, can it be equally applicable to other encoding and decoding platform, as H.264/AVC, VC-1, AVS etc.The present invention is applicable to the intraframe coding module of P frame and B frame too.
With reference to Fig. 8 A and Fig. 8 B, Fig. 8 A is the structural representation of the coded system of video image blocks of the present invention, and Fig. 8 B is the reorder structural representation of module of residual values.The coded system of video image blocks comprises: predict blocks generation module 80 is used to select predictive mode, according to the pixel generation forecast piece around the image block; Residual block computing module 82 is used for the difference between computed image piece and the predict blocks respective pixel, obtains residual values, and all residual values are formed a residual block; The residual values module 84 that reorders is used for selecting putting in order of at least one residual values according to selected predictive mode, and the residual values in the residual block is resequenced; Coding module 86 is used to select transforming function transformation function that the residual block after reordering is quantized conversion, entropy coding.Wherein, the residual values module 84 that reorders comprises statistical property acquiring unit 841 and reorders unit 842, and wherein, statistical property acquiring unit 841 is used to add up the amplitude distribution of residual error under each pattern, obtains the statistical property that the residual error of different mode distributes; The unit 842 that reorders is used for the residual error in the residual block is reordered, and the statistical property that makes the residual error of said different mode distribute is approximate identical.
Need to prove that coded system embodiment is identical with the principle of coding method embodiment, decode system is identical with the principle of coding/decoding method, and decoding is corresponding each other with coding, and relevant part frame of reference embodiment gets final product, and repeats no more at this.
More than coding, decoding, reconstructing method and the system of a kind of video image blocks provided by the present invention described in detail; Used specific embodiment among this paper principle of the present invention and execution mode are set forth, the explanation of above embodiment just is used for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof; Simultaneously, for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to thought of the present invention, part all can change on embodiment and range of application.In sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. the coding method of a video image blocks, said image block is the set of image pixel value, it is characterized in that, this method comprises,
Predict blocks generates step, selects predictive mode, according to reconstructed pixels generation forecast piece around the image block;
The residual block calculation procedure, the difference between computed image piece and the predict blocks respective pixel obtains residual values, and all residual values are formed a residual block;
The residual values step that reorders from the permutatation order of one group of residual values to be selected, is selected putting in order of at least one residual values, and the residual values in the residual block is resequenced;
Coding step selects transforming function transformation function that the residual block after reordering is carried out conversion, and the conversion coefficient that obtains residual block is represented, the line translation coefficient scanning of going forward side by side quantizes entropy coding;
Said residual values reorders in the step, and the selection of the permutatation order of residual values has following three kinds of selection modes:
Mode one, according to selected predictive mode, from the permutatation of one group of residual values to be selected order, select putting in order of at least one residual values; Or
Mode two, according to the numerical value of current residual block, from the permutatation order of one group of residual values to be selected, select putting in order of at least one residual values; Or
Mode three, according to the numerical value of selected predictive mode and current residual block, from the permutatation order of one group of residual values to be selected, select putting in order of at least one residual values;
For the intraframe coding process, adopt said mode one or said mode three to carry out the selection of the permutatation order of residual values; For the interframe encode process, adopt said mode two to carry out the selection of the permutatation order of residual values.
2. the coded system of a video image blocks, said image block is the set of image pixel value, it is characterized in that, comprising:
The predict blocks generation module is used to select predictive mode, according to reconstructed pixels generation forecast piece around the image block;
The residual block computing module is used for the difference between computed image piece and the predict blocks respective pixel, obtains residual values, and all residual values are formed a residual block;
The residual values module that reorders from the permutatation order of one group of residual values to be selected, is selected putting in order of at least one residual values, and the residual values in the residual block is resequenced;
Coding module is used to select transforming function transformation function that the residual block after reordering is carried out conversion, and the conversion coefficient that obtains residual block is represented, go forward side by side line translation coefficient scanning and quantification, conversion, entropy coding;
Said residual values reorders in the module, and the selection of the permutatation order of residual values has following three kinds of selection modes:
Mode one, according to selected predictive mode, from the permutatation of one group of residual values to be selected order, select putting in order of at least one residual values; Or
Mode two, according to the numerical value of current residual block, from the permutatation order of one group of residual values to be selected, select putting in order of at least one residual values; Or
Mode three, according to the numerical value of selected predictive mode and current residual block, from the permutatation order of one group of residual values to be selected, select putting in order of at least one residual values;
For the intraframe coding process, adopt said mode one or said mode three to carry out the selection of the permutatation order of residual values; For the interframe encode process, adopt said mode two to carry out the selection of the permutatation order of residual values.
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