Background technology
Electrical network is important foundation facility and the public utilities that concern national energy security and lifelines of the national economy, and bearing is the weighty responsibility that socio-economic development and national economy provide important energy guarantee, the promotion sustainable development of socio-economy.Along with improving constantly of modernization level, the whole society is increasingly high to the degree of dependence of electric power, and the quality of supply of electric power has also been proposed requirements at the higher level.
The powerline ice-covering that low temperature sleet freezing weather causes is one of serious threat of being faced of system of numerous State Grid, and serious icing can cause the electrical network broken string, fall tower, causes large area blackout, also makes fast quick-recovery send the electricity very difficulty that becomes.Since the forties in 20th century, the threat of ice damage is the big technical barrier that the electric power system industrial quarters does one's utmost to tackle always.North America storm in 1998 has powered up guipure to U.S.A and has seriously influenced, and has caused the power breakdown of wide.2005, low temperature sleet freezing weather caused serious disaster once for China Central China, North China electrical network.The 1-2 month in 2008; Low temperature sleet freezing weather attacks China south, Central China, East China once more; Cause Guizhou, Hunan, Guangdong, Yunnan, Guangxi and Jiangxi etc. to economize transmission line large tracts of land, the long-time stoppage in transit, bring about great losses for national economy and people's lives.
In order to prevent the appearance once more of this situation, it is a kind of good method that transmission line is carried out ice-melt.With to exchange ice-melting method different, under certain environmental condition, the needed power supply capacity of DC ice melting need only to be decided by the D.C. resistance and the conductor length of DC ice-melting.With the operational mode of existing high voltage direct current transmission and power current inverter following two main difference points are arranged:
(1) owing to will be applicable to many line ice-meltings, DC de-icing device has a plurality of nominal operating conditions.
(2) it is considerably less that DC de-icing device runs on time of ice-melt operating mode every year, and year utilance is less than 5%.
After the North America ice storm disaster in 1998, Hydro-Quebec and AREVA company have developed a cover DC de-icing device cooperatively, and this device is installed in the L é vis transformer station of Quebec, completion field adjustable in 2008.But up to the present, also be not used in the ice-melt of actual track.AREVA company scheme must configure dedicated be put transformer, alternating current filter, smoothing reactor, DC filter and trap in order, and equipment and wiring are complicated; It is simple not possess this programme wiring, very little to the harmonic effects of system, can dispose advantages such as bank of filters.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to consider the problems referred to above and provide a kind of reasonable in design, small investment, the DC de-icing device of the band special rectifier transformer that cost is low.
The objective of the invention is to consider the problems referred to above and provide a kind of and guarantee that DC de-icing device satisfies the demand of the quick ice-melt of each line security, and reduce the guard method of DC de-icing device of band special rectifier transformer of the investment of DC de-icing device.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: the DC de-icing device of band special rectifier transformer of the present invention; Include AC side power supply circuit breaker Q F, isolation switch K; Rectifier transformer; Current on valve side instrument transformer Ivya, Ivyb, Ivyc, Ivda, Ivdb and Ivdc; One 12 pulse conversion device, DC side cathode voltage instrument transformer Udp, DC side cathode voltage instrument transformer Udn; DC side positive electrical current transformer Idp; DC side cathodal current instrument transformer Idn, DC side earth current instrument transformer Idgnd, DC side disconnecting link S1, S2, S3 and S4; Wherein the end of current on valve side instrument transformer Ivya, Ivyb, Ivyc, Ivda, Ivdb and Ivdc is connected with power supply through isolation switch K and AC side power supply circuit breaker Q F; The other end of current on valve side instrument transformer Ivya, Ivyb, Ivyc, Ivda, Ivdb and Ivdc is connected with 12 pulse conversion devices, and a side of 12 pulse conversion devices is connected with DC side cathode voltage instrument transformer Udp and is connected with the end of DC side disconnecting link S3, S4 through DC side positive electrical current transformer Idp, and the other end of DC side disconnecting link S4 is through DC ice melting bus and C ice-melt lead connection mutually; The opposite side of 12 pulse conversion devices is connected with DC side cathode voltage instrument transformer Udn and is connected with the end of DC side disconnecting link S1, S2 through DC side current transformer Idn; And 12 pulse conversion devices are through DC side earth current instrument transformer Idgnd ground connection, and the other end of DC side disconnecting link S1 is through DC ice melting bus and A ice-melt lead connection mutually, and the other end of DC side disconnecting link S2, S3 is through DC ice melting bus and B ice-melt lead connection mutually.
The measurement point of above-mentioned DC de-icing device is arranged and is comprised that interchange valve side three-phase voltage, rectification become net side three-phase current, rectifier transformer star side three-phase current, rectifier transformer angle side three-phase current, DC side cathode voltage, the anodal electric current of DC side, DC side cathode voltage, DC side cathodal current, DC side earth current totally 17 measurement points.
The protection zone of above-mentioned DC de-icing device is divided into interchange protection zone, three parts in converter unit protection district and DC line protection district.
The protection of above-mentioned DC de-icing device is configured to AC overvoltage protection, interchange under-voltage protection, interchange overcurrent protection, valve short circuit protection, bridge differential protection, direct current overcurrent protection, ground connection overcurrent protection, the supervision of thyristor junction temperature, false triggering protection, DC over-voltage protection, direct current under-voltage protection, direct current 50Hz protection, direct current 100Hz protection, open circuit test protection and DC ice-melting impedance protection.
The guard method of the DC de-icing device of band special rectifier transformer of the present invention, when ice-melt, whether the resistance value of alternating current circuit that inspection is melted and the alternating current circuit impedance difference of actual set be correct or complete to confirm the alternating current circuit, and protection divides two sections:
1)Max(|U’dp-U’dn|/I’dp,|U’dp-U’dn|/I’dn)-Rset>K1*Rset;
2)Max(|U’dp-U’dn|/I’dp,|U’dp-U’dn|/I’dn)-Rset>K2*Rset
In the formula: U ' dp DC side cathode voltage, U ' dn DC side cathode voltage, the anodal electric current of I ' dp DC side, I ' dn DC side cathodal current, Rset DC ice-melting rated value of resistance, K1 is the section definite value of reporting to the police, K2 is tripping operation section definite value.
The guard method of the DC de-icing device of band special rectifier transformer of the present invention, its protection sequence of movement is following:
Starting the section of reporting to the police when 1) satisfying Max (| U ' dp-U ' dn|/I ' dp, | U ' dp-U ' dn|/I ' dn)-Rset>K1*Rset formula reports to the police;
Start a tripping operation section action phase shift locking when 2) satisfying Max (| U ' dp-U ' dn|/I ' dp, | U ' dp-U ' dn|/I ' dn)-Rset>K2*Rset formula, jump AC circuit breaker, the locking AC circuit breaker.
Above-mentioned K1 gets 0.1-0.2, time-delay 300-800ms, and K2 gets 0.2-0.5, time-delay 100-300ms.
DC de-icing device of the present invention is reasonable in design, small investment, and cost is low; The guard method of the DC de-icing device of band special rectifier transformer of the present invention guarantees that DC de-icing device satisfies the demand of the quick ice-melt of each line security, and reduces the investment of DC de-icing device.The present invention is that a kind of design is ingenious, and function admirable is invested lowly, and defencive function is complete, the DC de-icing device and the guard method thereof of convenient and practical band special rectifier transformer.
Embodiment:
The present invention proposes to arrange as shown in Figure 1 with the DC de-icing device measurement point of special rectifier transformer; Include AC side power supply circuit breaker Q F, isolation switch K; Rectifier transformer; Current on valve side instrument transformer Ivya, Ivyb, Ivyc, Ivda, Ivdb and Ivdc; One 12 pulse conversion device, the anodal instrument transformer Udp of dc voltage, dc voltage negative pole instrument transformer Udn; DC side positive electrical current transformer Idp; DC side cathodal current instrument transformer Idn, DC side earth current instrument transformer Idgnd, DC side disconnecting link S1, S2, S3 and S4; Wherein the end of current on valve side instrument transformer Ivya, Ivyb, Ivyc, Ivda, Ivdb and Ivdc is connected with power supply through isolation switch K and AC side power supply circuit breaker Q F; The other end of current on valve side instrument transformer Ivya, Ivyb, Ivyc, Ivda, Ivdb and Ivdc is connected with 12 pulse conversion devices, and a side of 12 pulse conversion devices is connected with DC side cathode voltage instrument transformer Udp and is connected with the end of DC side disconnecting link S3, S4 through DC side current transformer Idp, and the other end of DC side disconnecting link S4 is through DC ice melting bus and C ice-melt lead connection mutually; The opposite side of 12 pulse conversion devices is connected with DC side cathode voltage instrument transformer Udn and is connected with the end of DC side disconnecting link S1, S2 through DC side cathodal current instrument transformer Idn; And 12 pulse conversion devices are through DC side earth current instrument transformer Idgnd ground connection, and the other end of DC side disconnecting link S1 is through DC ice melting bus and AC ice-melt lead connection mutually, and the other end of DC side disconnecting link S2, S3 is through DC ice melting bus and B ice-melt lead connection mutually.
The measurement point of above-mentioned DC de-icing device is arranged and is comprised that interchange valve side three-phase voltage, rectification become net side three-phase current, rectifier transformer star side three-phase current, rectifier transformer angle side three-phase current, DC side cathode voltage, the anodal electric current of DC side, DC side cathode voltage, DC side cathodal current, DC side earth current totally 17 measurement points.
The protection zone of above-mentioned DC de-icing device is divided into interchange protection zone, three parts in converter unit protection district and DC line protection district.
The power supply of DC de-icing device can directly be taken from generator (or generator car), but more is to take from AC network.All types of lead ice-melt length by the decision of converter voltage on valve side are as shown in table 1, and are as shown in table 2 by all types of lead ice-melt length of DC de-icing device capacity decision.Ice melting current (surpassing 3000A) and capacity (surpassing 50MW) that typical case 500kV circuit needs are bigger, and ac-side current also surpasses 2500A.Though the effective ice-melt distance of 500kV main transformer 35kV during directly as voltage on valve side can satisfy the ice-melt demand of various Typical Route, should not converter directly be connected on 500kV main transformer 35kV side, needs to insert through professional rectifier transformer.Need adopt special rectifier transformer to insert 500kV main transformer 220kV side to capacity near perhaps surpassing 500kV main transformer 35kV side capacity DC de-icing device.The main electrical scheme of band special rectifier transformer is as shown in Figure 1; Adopt 12 pulsation rectifications; And earth point is set up in two 6 fluctuation bridge junctions, inserts 500kV main transformer 35kV or 220kV side through a three-phase three winding rectifier transformers or two three-phase double winding rectifier transformers.Consider the short-time characteristic of the less and ice-melt of idle harmonic that 12 pulsation produce; Can not dispose bank of filters and carry out the inhibition of reactive power compensation harmonic; If dispose then DC de-icing device not can be exchanged into static passive compensation device (SVC) operation as the ice-melt time spent, the capacity of filter is definite according to the comprehensive back of DC de-icing device operating mode and reactive power compensation needs.
The main effect of smoothing reactor is to prevent discontinuous current, restriction current pulsation and short circuit current in the commutating circuit.The 500kV line reactance is bigger more than 10 times than D.C. resistance; Time constant T=L/R>4/314=31.8ms; The pulsation period Ts=20/6=3.3ms of 6 pulsation full-wave bridge rectifiers, the time constant in the pulsation period Ts=20/12=1.67ms ice-melt loop of 12 pulsation full-wave bridge rectifiers is much larger than the current pulsation cycle, and electric current not only can be not interrupted; And it has been constant electric current (the load circuit time constant is much larger than 6 times of pulsation periods), so more special smoothing reactor need be set.
Rectifier transformer provides suitable voltage on valve side, can the ice melting current and the direct voltage that need be provided to circuit dissimilar and length, is beneficial to the selection of converter working point, and adaptability is better; And rectifier transformer provides the isolation of ac/dc, and its short-circuit impedance satisfies the requirement of failure condition limit thyristor valve short circuit current, does not need to be provided with specially commutating reactance.
The present invention can adopt the ice-melt mode 1 of Fig. 2 when proposing with the operation of the DC de-icing device of special rectifier transformer, promptly DC side S1 among Fig. 2, S3 are closed, and S2, S4 break off; AC side isolation switch K, switch QF are closed, also can adopt ice-melt mode 2 shown in Figure 2, and promptly DC side S1 among Fig. 2, S2, S3 are closed, and S4 breaks off; AC side isolation switch K, switch QF closure.
The present invention proposes to be divided into interchange protection zone, three parts in converter unit protection district and DC line protection district with the DC de-icing device protection zone of special rectifier transformer; The defencive function configuration is as shown in table 3; Totally 15 kinds of protections; Wherein the 1-14 principle of adjusting can be confirmed with reference to the corresponding protection of high voltage direct current transmission; The differential protection of DC ice-melting direct voltage is the protection that the present invention proposes first, and protection range and purpose are when ice-melt, and whether whether the resistance value of alternating current circuit that inspection is melted correct or complete to confirm the alternating current circuit with the alternating current circuit impedance difference of actual set.
The guard method of the DC de-icing device of band special rectifier transformer of the present invention, when ice-melt, whether the resistance value of alternating current circuit that inspection is melted and the alternating current circuit impedance difference of actual set be correct or complete to confirm the alternating current circuit, and protection divides two sections:
1)Max(|U’dp-U’dn|/I’dp,|U’dp-U’dn|/I’dn)-Rset>K1*Rset;
2)Max(|U’dp-U’dn|/I’dp,|U’dp-U’dn|/I’dn)-Rset>K2*Rset
In the formula: U ' dp DC side cathode voltage, U ' dn DC side cathode voltage, the anodal electric current of I ' dp DC side, I ' dn DC side cathodal current, Rset DC ice-melting rated value of resistance, K1 is the section definite value of reporting to the police, K2 is tripping operation section definite value.
The guard method of the DC de-icing device of band special rectifier transformer of the present invention, its protection sequence of movement is following:
1) satisfy Max (| U ' dp-U ' dn |/I ' dp, | U ' dp-U ' dn|/I ' dn)-start the I section during Rset>K1*Rset formula to report to the police;
Start a tripping operation section action phase shift locking when 2) satisfying Max (| U ' dp-U ' dn|/I ' dp, | U ' dp-U ' dn|/I ' dnI ' dn)-Rset>K2*Rset formula, jump AC circuit breaker, the locking AC circuit breaker.
Above-mentioned K1 gets 0.1-0.2, time-delay 300-800ms, and K2 gets 0.2-0.5, time-delay 100-300ms.
The characteristics of this DC de-icing device main electrical scheme are:
1) adopts 12 pulsation rectifications, reduce the harmonic wave of injected system and the idle demand of system;
2) earth point is set up in two 6 fluctuation bridge junctions, reduces the DC side insulating requirements, and measuring point is provided for the ground connection overcurrent protection function.
3) insert 500kV main transformer 35kV or 220kV side through three-phase three winding rectifier transformers or two three-phase double winding rectifier transformers.
4) do not need to be provided with specially commutating reactance.
5) do not need to be provided with specially smoothing reactor.
6) do not need configuring direct current filter (trap).
7) can be used for 500kV and 220kV line ice-melting, require converter to have the big electric current serviceability of long-term wide-angle.
8) can dispose alternating current filter as required; If dispose then DC de-icing device not can be exchanged into static passive compensation device (SVC) operation as the ice-melt time spent; The capacity of filter confirms that according to DC de-icing device operating mode and the comprehensive back of reactive power compensation needs alternating current filter is connected on the 35kV bus.
Table 1 is by the DC ice-melting length of voltage on valve side decision
Annotate:
1. minimum ice melting current calculates according to test both at home and abroad, empirical equation, and design conditions are: temperature-5 ℃, wind speed 5 meter per seconds, ice covering thickness 10mm;
2. 20 ℃ of values are got in too conservative calculating, power line DC resistance.
Table 2 is by the DC ice-melting length of DC de-icing device capacity decision
Annotate:
1. minimum ice melting current calculates according to test both at home and abroad, empirical equation, and condition is: temperature-5 ℃, wind speed 5 meter per seconds, ice covering thickness 10mm;
2. 20 ℃ of values are got in too conservative calculating, power line DC resistance.
The protection configuration of the DC de-icing device of table 3 band special rectifier transformer
Sequence number |
The protection title |
Affiliated area |
1 |
The AC overvoltage protection |
Exchange the protection zone |
2 |
Exchange under-voltage protection |
Exchange the protection zone |
3 |
Exchange overcurrent protection |
Exchange the protection zone |
4 |
Valve short circuit protection |
The converter unit protection district |
5 |
The bridge differential protection |
The converter unit protection district |
6 |
The direct current overcurrent protection |
The converter unit protection district |
7 |
The ground connection overcurrent protection |
The converter unit protection district |
8 |
The thyristor junction temperature is kept watch on |
The converter unit protection district |
9 |
The false triggering protection |
The converter unit protection district |
10 |
DC over-voltage protection |
The DC ice-melting protection zone |
11 |
The direct current under-voltage protection |
The DC ice-melting protection zone |
12 |
Direct current 50Hz protection |
The DC ice-melting protection zone |
13 |
Direct current 100Hz protection |
The DC ice-melting protection zone |
14 |
The open circuit test protection |
The DC ice-melting protection zone |
15 |
The DC ice-melting impedance protection |
The DC ice-melting protection zone |
Guizhou electrical network Fuquan transformer station in 1-2 month ice damage in 2008 all 500kV outlets all owing to icing seriously damages.In this transformer station one cover 60MW band special rectifier transformer DC de-icing device was installed in 2008 DC ice melting has been carried out in all 500kV outlets.Can find out that from table 3 (500kV of Fuquan transformer station outlet 1-1 ice-melt mode major parameter) and table 4 (500kV of Fuquan transformer station outlet 1-2 ice-melt mode major parameter) this DC de-icing device can satisfy the demand of all 500kV outlet ice-melts of Fuquan transformer station.Its main wiring diagram and measuring point configuration are as shown in Figure 1, and important technological parameters is as shown in table 5, and the defencive function of configuration is as shown in table 6.
In addition, the DC de-icing device main electrical scheme of the band special rectifier transformer that proposes of the present invention and measurement point collocation method thereof are applied in also that Guizhou 500kV puts out that the peak becomes, 500kV Anshun becomes, the only mountain of 500kV becomes and transformer station such as Guangxi 500kV Guilin change.
In January, 2009, sleety weather appears in middle part, Guizhou Province, east, northern territory, some circuit icing, and thickness reaches 5~10mm.On January 8th, 2,009 500 kilovolts of good fortune are executed II loop line road.Icing on this circuit is glaze, is solid ice cube shape, and thickness reaches 8mm respectively.Switching on, the icing on the lead all comes off at once after 10 minutes.This is the DC de-icing device that first in the world cover is successfully applied to the actual ice-melt in 500kV transmission line of alternation current
The table 4:500kV Fuquan 500kV of transformer station outlet 1-1 ice-melt mode major parameter calculates
The table 5:500kV Fuquan 500kV of transformer station outlet 1-2 ice-melt mode major parameter calculates
The table 6 Fuquan 60MW of transformer station band special rectifier becomes the DC de-icing device important technological parameters