CN101852891B - Single-fiber three-way multiplexer chip for fiber to the home - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a single-fiber three-way multiplexer chip for fiber to the home, which is formed by an asymmetrical Y-branch waveguide and a multimode interference (MMI) coupler which are cascade-connected. An air slot is etched on the surface of the left branch of the asymmetrical Y-branch waveguide and is arranged between the core layer and the substrate of the left branch. The right branch of the asymmetrical Y-branch waveguide is a symmetrical waveguide. The invention has the advantages that the device structure is compact, kinds of optoelectronic integration can be realized, the mass production can be realized and the cost is low.
Description
Technical field
The technical field that the present invention relates to that Fiber to the home (FTTH) discloses that a kind of Fiber to the home with single-fiber three-way multiplexer chip (Triplexer).
Background technology
Along with developing rapidly of broadband access network in recent years, the broadband notable feature that becomes the Access Network development.High bandwidth business such as video request program, IPTV (Web TV) and online game are regarded as new business growth point by telecom operators and radio and TV operator gradually; The user constantly increases the demand of access band, and existing is that master's broadband access method has been difficult to satisfy the requirement of user to aspects such as high bandwidth, two-way transmission capabilities and securities with ADSL (ADSL).In the face of this predicament, the sight of paying close attention to has been invested that Fiber to the home by various countries telecom operators---FTTH (Fiber To The Home).The technical characterstic of FTTH is the bandwidth (bandwidth that 100Mbit/s is above that can provide bigger; Be much better than present ADSL); Strengthened the transparency of network, relaxed, thereby simplified installation and working service requirements such as environmental baseline and power supplies to data form, speed, wavelength and agreement.The FTTH practical application relates to a very important core devices, i.e. single-fiber three-way multiplexer chip, and the major function of single-fiber three-way multiplexer chip is to the coupling of light signal and wavelength-division multiplex.
In the technical manual of EPON and GPON, adopt 1310nm, 1490nm, 1550nm three-wavelength allocative decision.Wherein 1310nm is specifically designed to uploading of data and IP vision signal; 1490nm is used for the following biography of voice, data and IP vision signal; 1550nm is used for passing under the analog video signal.Mode through similar CWDM is multiplexed into this three directions transmission in the optical fiber, and this technology has adopted the point-to-multipoint transmission mode, saves equipment investment, and local side apparatus and optical fiber consumption significantly reduce, and system reliability is higher.The height of the cost final decision cost of access of single fiber three-way transmission plan.
There are a lot of method and structures can realize single-fiber three-way multiplexer; Based thin film filter plate (thin film filter wherein; TFF) single-fiber three-way multiplexer has been realized commercialization; But the film filter plate has some inherent defects, like complex process, be not easy to encapsulation, coupling loss is big and shortcoming such as cost height.And utilize the single-fiber three-way multiplexer chip of integrated optics technique, and focus mostly at present in based on multi-mode interference-type coupling mechanism (MMI) with based on two big types of array waveguide gratings (AWG), it is low to have coupling loss, compact conformation and be easy to extensive integrated advantage.Wherein MMI has advantages such as polarization loss is low, the processing tolerance is big again, but owing to utilize traditional phenomenon of reflection certainly and wavelength-division multiplex principle design, the length of device is very big, and is compact inadequately.
With the immediate prior art of the present invention is to adopt single-fiber three-way multiplexer chip (Mohamed H.Al-Gafy and Diaa Khalil, FTTHTriplexer Design Using Asymmetric Y-Junction With Etched Branch, the IEEEPhotonics Technology Letters of the Y branch beam splitter formation of two cascades; Vol.19, No.15, pp1157-1159; 2007), however in this structure, device size is big; Processing cost is high, and the device isolation degree is less.
Summary of the invention
Big to the prior art device size, processing cost is high, and the less deficiency of device isolation degree, and the present invention provides a kind of novel single-fiber three-way multiplexer chip, has advantages such as compact conformation, cost is low, the insertion loss is low, the device isolation degree is big.
The objective of the invention is to realize through following technical scheme:
Fiber to the home uses the single-fiber three-way multiplexer chip; Form by asymmetric y branch waveguide and multi-mode interference-type coupling mechanism (MMI) cascade; It is characterized in that: the surface etch of the left branch of described asymmetric y branch waveguide has air groove, and described air groove is between the sandwich layer and substrate of left branch; The right branch of described asymmetric y branch waveguide is the symmetrical structure waveguide.
Further, the sandwich layer of the left branch of described asymmetric y branch waveguide is connected with first output waveguide, and described first output waveguide is a S type curved waveguide.The output terminal of first output waveguide is PORT1.
Further, the input waveguide of the described MMI of right branch cascade of described asymmetric y branch waveguide, described input waveguide is connected through the pyramidal structure waveguide with the multimode district waveguide of described MMI; Two output ports of described multimode district's waveguide are connected with second, third output waveguide respectively, and described output port is connected through the pyramidal structure waveguide with described output waveguide; Described output waveguide is a S shape curved waveguide; The width of multi-mode interference-type coupling mechanism is 8.4 μ m, and length is 4462.1 μ m.The output port of second output waveguide is PORT2, and the output port of the 3rd output waveguide is PORT3.
Further, the total length of described asymmetric y branch waveguide is 12000 μ m, and the angle between left branch and the right branch is 1.3mrad.
Further, described asymmetric y branch waveguide, input waveguide and output waveguide all adopt the buried glass based waveguides, and the sandwich layer refractive index of described glass-based waveguide is n
c=1.51, cladding index n
s=1.46.
Further, the height of described asymmetric y branch waveguide, input waveguide and output waveguide is 1.5 μ m; The width of the left branch of described asymmetric y branch waveguide is 2 μ m, and the width of right branch is 1.36 μ m, and the width of air groove equals 2 μ m.
Further, described Fiber to the home with the width of single-fiber three-way multiplexer chip is 39.88 μ m, and total length is 17562.1 μ m.
The present invention realizes asymmetric Y branched structure through the left branch surface etch air groove at y branch waveguide, makes that the dispersion curve slope of two branches is different, is separated from each other with the light of realizing different wave length.And when making this asymmetric y branch waveguide, only need a mask plates to get final product, manufacturing process is simple, and is with low cost.
The left branch of asymmetric y branch waveguide adds S type waveguide output, can strengthen the distance between PORT1 and the PORT2, helps encapsulation.Two output terminals at MMI adopt the output of S type curved waveguide, not only can apace two-beam be separated, and effectively overcome the coupling between second, third output waveguide, have also strengthened the distance between PORT2 and the PORT3.
The present invention compared with present technology; Problems such as traditional discrete single-fiber three-way multiplexer volume is big, loss is big, isolation is little have been solved; Have component compact, can realize that multiple photoelectricity is integrated, be fit to produce in enormous quantities; The advantage that cost is low is one of technical scheme of the following System-On-Chip of realization (SOC(system on a chip)).
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural drawing of the present invention.
Fig. 2 a is the schematic cross-section of the left branch of non-Symmetric Y branch-waveguide.
Fig. 2 b is the schematic cross-section of the right branch of non-Symmetric Y branch-waveguide.
Fig. 3 is the dispersion curve figure of the asymmetric Y branched structure of single-fiber three-way multiplexer chip of the present invention left and right sides branch-waveguide.
Fig. 4 a is that bundle Law of Communication (BPM) is analyzed the light field transmission diagram of 1310nm light through asymmetric y branch waveguide of the present invention.
Fig. 4 b is that bundle Law of Communication (BPM) is analyzed the light field transmission diagram of 1490nm light through asymmetric y branch waveguide of the present invention.
Fig. 4 c is that bundle Law of Communication (BPM) is analyzed the light field transmission diagram of 1550nm light through asymmetric y branch waveguide of the present invention.
Fig. 5 a is that bundle Law of Communication (BPM) is analyzed the light field transmission diagram of 1490nm light through MMI of the present invention.
Fig. 5 b is that bundle Law of Communication (BPM) is analyzed the light field transmission diagram of 1550nm light through MMI of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further specified:
Fiber to the home uses the single-fiber three-way multiplexer chip; Form with multi-mode interference-type coupling mechanism 2 (MMI) cascade by asymmetric y branch waveguide 1; 11 the surface etch of parting on the left side of described asymmetric y branch waveguide 1 has air groove 111, and described air groove 111 is between the sandwich layer 112 and substrate 113 of left branch 11; The right branch 12 of described asymmetric y branch waveguide 1 is the symmetrical structure waveguide.
The sandwich layer 112 of the left branch 11 of described asymmetric y branch waveguide 1 is connected with first output waveguide 3, and described first output waveguide 3 is a S type curved waveguide.The output terminal of first output waveguide is PORT1.
The input waveguide 4 of the described MMI of right branch 12 cascades of described asymmetric y branch waveguide 1, described input waveguide 4 is connected through pyramidal structure waveguide 5 with the multimode district waveguide of described MMI; Two output ports of described multimode district's waveguide are connected with second, third output waveguide 6,7 respectively, and described output port is connected through pyramidal structure waveguide 61,71 with described output waveguide 6,7; Described output waveguide 6,7 is a S shape curved waveguide; The width of multi-mode interference-type coupling mechanism 2 is 8.4 μ m, and length is 4462.1 μ m.The output port of second output waveguide 6 is PORT2, and the output port of the 3rd output waveguide 7 is PORT3.
The total length of described asymmetric y branch waveguide 1 is 12000 μ m, and the angle between left branch 11 and the right branch 12 is 1.3mrad.
Described asymmetric y branch waveguide 1, input waveguide 4 and output waveguide 3,6,7 all adopt the buried glass based waveguides, and the sandwich layer refractive index of described glass-based waveguide is n
c=1.51, cladding index n
s=1.46.
The height of described asymmetric y branch waveguide 1, input waveguide 4 and output waveguide 3,6,7 is 1.5 μ m; The width of the left branch 11 of described asymmetric y branch waveguide 1 is 2 μ m, and the width of right branch 12 is 1.36 μ m, and the width of air groove 111 equals 2 μ m.
Described Fiber to the home with the width of single-fiber three-way multiplexer chip is 39.88 μ m, and total length is 17562.1 μ m.
The present invention realizes asymmetric Y branched structure through the left branch surface etch air groove at y branch waveguide, makes that the dispersion curve slope of two branches is different, is separated from each other with the light of realizing different wave length.And when making this asymmetric y branch waveguide, only need a mask plates to get final product, manufacturing process is simple, and is with low cost.
The left branch of asymmetric y branch waveguide adds S type waveguide output, can strengthen the distance between PORT1 and the PORT2, helps encapsulation.Two output terminals at MMI adopt the output of S type curved waveguide, not only can apace two-beam be separated, and effectively overcome the coupling between second, third output waveguide, have also strengthened the distance between PORT2 and the PORT3.
Input optical signal gets in it through the multiplexing back of the input port PORT0 of asymmetric y branch waveguide; Utilize the chromatic dispersion principle of asymmetric y branch waveguide that the 1310nm light wave is closed the left branch that the ripple signal is coupled into asymmetric y branch waveguide, finally by the straight-through output of port PO RT1.1490nm and 1550nm lightwave signal are coupled into the right branch of asymmetric y branch waveguide.
Get into the multiple-mode interfence district of MMI through the multiplexing back of straight wave guide coupling regime by the light signal of the right branch of asymmetric y branch waveguide transmission; The self-imaging effect that utilizes the multi-mode interference-type coupling mechanism closes the ripple signal with 1490nm and 1550nm light wave respectively and is coupled into left arm and right arm, by PORT2 and PORT3 flashlight is exported respectively.Thereby reached the purpose of separating three wavelength.
Fig. 3 be asymmetric y branch waveguide about the two dispersion curve figure of branch.Dispersion curve is that effective refractive index concerns with wavelength change.Left branch is etched with air groove, and the dispersion curve slope of the left and right sides branch that makes is different, two curve intersections, and its intersection point corresponding wavelength is 1.41 μ m.Wherein, the dispersion curve of left branch that is carved with air groove is precipitous relatively, and the dispersion curve of right branch is mild relatively.
Can know that from Fig. 3 for the light wave of λ＜1.41 μ m, the effective refractive index of left branch is higher relatively; For the light wave of λ＞1.41 μ m, the effective refractive index of right branch is higher relatively.According to the pattern separation principle of asymmetric Y bifurcation, under the enough little situation of branches angle, always along the big direction transmission of refractive index, the basic mode of input field is coupled in the big output waveguide of refractive index when propagating in waveguide owing to light wave.When the wavelength of light wave during less than 1.41 μ m, this optical signal transmission will be coupled into left branch during to the bifurcations place of asymmetric y branch waveguide; And when light wavelength during greater than 1.41 μ m, this light wave will be coupled into right branch.
Because we confirmed will the separated light signal wavelength be 1.31 μ m, 1.49 μ m, 1.55 μ m, then the light wave of 1.31 mum wavelengths is through the left branch output of asymmetric y branch waveguide, shown in Fig. 4 a; 1.49 the light of μ m and 1.55 mum wavelengths is through the right branch output of asymmetric y branch waveguide, shown in Fig. 4 b and Fig. 4 c.So just realized the separation of wavelength.
Shown in Fig. 4 a; Wavelength is the light field transmission diagram of the light of 1310nm through asymmetric y branch waveguide; Wherein solid line refers to that light passes through the output energy of Y branch left branch; And dotted line refers to that light passes through the output energy of Y branch right branch, and as can be seen from the figure, the light of 1310nm reaches 89% through Y branch left branch output efficiency.
Shown in Fig. 4 b; Wavelength is the light field transmission diagram of the light of 1490nm through asymmetric y branch waveguide; Wherein solid line refers to that light passes through the output energy of Y branch left branch; And dotted line refers to that light passes through the output energy of Y branch right branch, and as can be seen from the figure, the light of 1490nm reaches 97% through Y branch right branch output efficiency.
Shown in Fig. 4 c; Wavelength is the light field transmission diagram of the light of 1550nm through asymmetric y branch waveguide; Wherein solid line refers to that light passes through the output energy of Y branch left branch; And dotted line refers to that light passes through the output energy of Y branch right branch, and as can be seen from the figure, the light of 1550nm reaches 97.4% through the right output efficiency of Y branch.
For the MMI structure, adopted restricted image-forming condition (restricted interference) to reduce the size of entire device.According to the self-imaging effect of MMI, MMI's is relevant with input wavelength from image space, also is the coupling length L of MMI
πBe that wavelength is relevant, utilize this characteristic, we can realize the multiplexing function of wavelength-division (separating).Length L when the multiple-mode interfence district of MMI
MmiWhen satisfying following formula and concerning, the signal of 1490nm and 1550nm will successfully be realized (separating) multiplexing function respectively from Port2 and Port3 output.
L
mmi＝n*L
π(1490)＝(n+m)*L
π(1550)
Wherein n is a positive integer, and m is an odd number, L
π(1490) and L
π(1550) be respectively the coupling length of MMI under 1490nm and the 1550nm.
Utilize finite difference method, can obtain the propagation constant of each rank pattern in multimode district, according to formula
(β
0And β
1Being respectively zero degree mould and the propagation constant of one-off pattern in the multimode waveguide) bat that can obtain MMI is long.
Shown in Fig. 5 a; Wavelength is the light field transmission diagram of the light of 1490nm through multi-mode interference-type coupling mechanism (MMI); Wherein solid line refers to that light passes through the output energy of MMI left arm; And dotted line refers to that light passes through the output energy of MMI right arm, and as can be seen from the figure, the light of 1490nm reaches 80% through the output efficiency of MMI left arm.
Shown in Fig. 5 b; Wavelength is the light field transmission diagram of the light of 1550nm through MMI, and wherein solid line refers to that light passes through the output energy of MMI left arm, and dotted line refers to that light passes through the output energy of MMI right arm; As can be seen from the figure, the light of 1550nm reaches 80% through the output efficiency of MMI right arm.
Simulated spectral response result shows that the insertion loss of operation wavelength 1310nm, 1490nm and 1550nm is respectively 0.96dB, 1.49dB and 1.31dB.Isolation optimal value between 1310nm wavelength and 1490nm, the 1550nm is respectively 49.28dB and 48.08dB; The isolation optimal value is 37.23dB between 1490nm and the 1550nm, and during actual transmissions since the transmitted in both directions of upward signal and downgoing signal at a distance from degree can reach fully that ITU stipulates greater than the 45dB requirement.
The described content of this instructions embodiment only is enumerating the way of realization of inventive concept; Protection scope of the present invention should not be regarded as and only limit to the concrete form that embodiment states, protection scope of the present invention also reach in those skilled in the art conceive according to the present invention the equivalent technologies means that can expect.
Claims (3)
1. Fiber to the home uses the single-fiber three-way multiplexer chip; Form by asymmetric y branch waveguide and the cascade of multi-mode interference-type coupling mechanism; It is characterized in that: the surface etch of the left branch of described asymmetric y branch waveguide has air groove, and described air groove is between the sandwich layer and substrate of left branch; The right branch of described asymmetric y branch waveguide is the symmetrical structure waveguide; The sandwich layer of the left branch of described asymmetric y branch waveguide is connected with first output waveguide, and described first output waveguide is a S type curved waveguide; The input waveguide of the described multi-mode interference-type coupling mechanism of right branch cascade of described asymmetric y branch waveguide, described input waveguide is connected through the pyramidal structure waveguide with the multimode district waveguide of described multi-mode interference-type coupling mechanism; Two output ports of described multimode district's waveguide are connected with second, third output waveguide respectively, and described output port is connected through the pyramidal structure waveguide with described output waveguide; Described output waveguide is a S shape curved waveguide; The width of described multimode waveguide coupling mechanism is 8.4 μ m, and length is 4462.1 μ m; The total length of described asymmetric y branch waveguide is 12000 μ m, and the angle between left branch and the right branch is 1.3mrad; The height of described asymmetric y branch waveguide, input waveguide and output waveguide is 1.5 μ m; The width of the left branch of described asymmetric y branch waveguide is 2 μ m, and the width of right branch is 1.36 μ m, and the width of air groove equals 2 μ m.
2. as claimed in claim 1 Fiber to the home uses the single-fiber three-way multiplexer chip, and it is characterized in that: described asymmetric y branch waveguide, input waveguide and output waveguide all adopt the buried glass based waveguides, and the sandwich layer refractive index of described glass-based waveguide is n
c=1.51, cladding index n
s=1.46.
3. as claimed in claim 2 Fiber to the home uses the single-fiber three-way multiplexer chip, it is characterized in that: described Fiber to the home with the width of single-fiber three-way multiplexer chip is 39.88 μ m, and total length is 17562.1 μ m.
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| CN1650205A (en) * | 2001-03-21 | 2005-08-03 | 英特尔公司 | Method of fabrication to sharpen corners of waveguide Y-branches in integrated optical components |
| CN101526648A (en) * | 2009-04-07 | 2009-09-09 | 大连理工大学 | Triplexer wave splitter based on planar lightguide integration |
| CN101539647A (en) * | 2009-04-07 | 2009-09-23 | 大连理工大学 | Polarization-independent integrated waveguide single-fiber triple wavelength division multiplexer |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1650205A (en) * | 2001-03-21 | 2005-08-03 | 英特尔公司 | Method of fabrication to sharpen corners of waveguide Y-branches in integrated optical components |
| CN101526648A (en) * | 2009-04-07 | 2009-09-09 | 大连理工大学 | Triplexer wave splitter based on planar lightguide integration |
| CN101539647A (en) * | 2009-04-07 | 2009-09-23 | 大连理工大学 | Polarization-independent integrated waveguide single-fiber triple wavelength division multiplexer |
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Application publication date: 20101006 Assignee: ZHEJIANG FUCHUNJIANG PHOTOELECTRIC SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Assignor: Zhejiang University of Technology Contract record no.: 2015330000097 Denomination of invention: Single-fiber three-way multiplexer chip for fiber to the home Granted publication date: 20121114 License type: Common License Record date: 20150507 |
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