CN101834891A - IPv6 (Internet Protocol version 6)-based internet of things system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides an IPv6 (Internet Protocol version 6) based internet of things system, comprising an article layer consisting of an object node and a sensor node, a network layer including a next-generation internet and a user layer including a communication device. The object node of the article layer consists of articles in the internet of things, a microprocessor collocated for the articles, a storage and a low-power wireless communication device which are mainly used for processing, storing and transmitting the attribute information of the articles. The object node is provided with a plurality of sensor nodes for monitoring and controlling the related parameters of a target object node. The object node and the sensor node has a globally unique IPv6 address and support the IPv6 protocol, and can perform point-to-point communication with an IPv6 node in the next-generation internet via a unified IPv6 protocol. The user layer can communicate with a target object node and a sensor provided with same point to point at any moment, thereby the updated attribute information and environment information of the target object node can be learned.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of framework and implementation method of network, in particular a kind of Internet of Things framework and implementation method based on IPv6.
Background technology
The notion of Internet of Things (IOT, Internet of Things) appears at 1999 the earliest, and it is defined as: with all article and Internet connection, realize intelligent identification and management by information sensing technology such as radio-frequency (RF) identification.International Telecommunications Union (ITU, International Telecommunication Union) has issued " ITU the Internet report 2005: Internet of Things " in 2005, formally proposed the notion of Internet of Things.
In typical Internet of Things framework, an electronic tag has globally unique electronic code, with it attached to identifying destination object on the article.Life span at article, read write line utilizes REID (RFID, Radio-frequencyidentification) read attached to the electronic tag of destination object and with electronic code and send to the Internet of Things middleware, the Internet of Things middleware is stored destination object information data transmission that electronic code identified or upgrade to remote database server.The relevant information that the user comes the query aim object by the electronic code that sends article to the Internet of Things middleware, the Internet of Things middleware sends to object name resolution server (ONS with the electronic code of destination object, Object NameService) thus resolve the unified resource sign (URI that obtains destination object information place database server, Universal Resource Identifier), it is the IP address of destination object information place database server, obtain the relevant information data of destination object then by database server, and these data are returned to the user.At present typical Internet of Things solution comprises EPC (the Electronic Product Code) system of the U.S. and UID (UbiquitousID) system of Japan.
Present Internet of Things framework is the tracking target object well, but still has the following disadvantages:
1) user can only obtain destination object information by database server, can't realize and destination object point to point link directly;
2) information that the user can only the query aim object, the directly state of controlled target object;
3) destination object information can only read passively by read write line, and destination object can't or send a warning according to current state active request Data Update.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: technical problem to be solved by this invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art, and a kind of Internet of things system based on IPv6 is provided.
Technical scheme: a kind of Internet of things system based on IPv6, it is characterized in that, comprise the article layer that contains Object node and sensor node composition, the network layer that contains the Next Generation Internet composition and the client layer that contains communication equipment;
Object node in the described article layer comprises article and loads on the microprocessor of article, memory and radio communication device, is used to handle, the attribute information of storage and transporting articles; Described Object node is furnished with an above sensor node, is used to monitor the parameter with controlled target Object node environment of living in; Object node and sensor node have globally unique IPv6 address and support the IPv6 agreement, can adopt the IPv6 agreement to carry out point to point link with the IPv6 node of Next Generation Internet in the network layer;
The Next Generation Internet of the communication equipment of described client layer by network layer and the attribute information of the IPv6 address lookup destination object node of article layer Object node; The communication equipment of client layer is by Next Generation Internet and be attached to the parameter of IPv6 address lookup destination object node environment of living in of the sensor node of destination object node; Described Object node and sensor node send the attribute information or the environmental parameter of living in of destination object node to client layer by Next Generation Internet; If destination object node environmental parameter of living in has exceeded the scope that client layer is set, client layer then sends order to sensor node and regulates the value of environmental parameter in the setting range to drive the destination object node; Described Object node and sensor node send warning or advertised information by Next Generation Internet to the communication equipment of client layer.In the method for the invention, Object node in the described Internet of Things and sensor node adopt light weight IPv6 protocol stack.
In the method for the invention, described Internet of Things exists as the terminal network of Next Generation Internet, insert Next Generation Internet by border router, all Object nodes are all identical with the network prefix of the IPv6 address of sensor node in the Internet of Things, equal the network prefix of the IPv6 address of coupled border router.
In the method for the invention, the link layer of the IPv6 protocol stack of the Object node of described Internet of Things and sensor node adopts the IEEE802.15.4 standard, its link layer address adopts the EUI-64 address, and its value equals the interface identifier of IPv6 address, i.e. back 64 bits of IPv6 address.
In the method for the invention, the attachment networking also distributes the link layer address with Internet of Things uniqueness for initiate node with the link layer address that the border router of Next Generation Internet is preserved all nodes in the Internet of Things.The Object node of described Internet of Things and sensor node adopt Neighbor Discovery Protocol and border router to communicate, and obtain the link layer address with uniqueness from border router, combine with the network prefix of border router to form the IPv6 address of oneself.Communicate with adopting multicast between the border router that an Internet of Things links to each other.
In the method for the invention, the nearest neighbor node of the node chosen distance border router of new admixture networking is as father node, and preserves father node information, and promptly the topological structure of described Internet of Things is a tree, and the tree root node is a border router.New node is registered to border router by the branch of place tree, and border router can be noted the route that arrives new node.
In the method for the invention, when the communication equipment of client layer when the sensor node of article layer or Object node send the IPv6 packet, packet at first arrives the root node of node place tree, it is border router, border router is searched the route that arrives destination node, and routes a data packet to destination node by the mode of Routing Header.When the Internet of Things node when the user sends the IPv6 packet, the Internet of Things node at first sends to packet its father node, father node sends to packet the father node of father node again, by that analogy, finally, packet arrives root node, i.e. border router, by border router packet is sent on the Next Generation Internet then, the final data bag arrives the user.
In the method for the invention, the Object node in the Internet of Things and the sensor node of outfit thereof are done as a whole moving.When but Object node broke away from current father node do not break away from current tree, it can reselect the branch that a father node adds current tree, registered operation to the root node of current tree simultaneously.When Object node breaks away from current tree, it can add a tree again and obtain and deliver the IPv6 address, simultaneously register operation to the root node of initiate tree, the root node of initiate tree can be noted the route that arrives Object node, and the while is registered operation to the root node that Object node obtains the tree of IPv6 address, local.
Beneficial effect: the invention provides a kind of Internet of Things framework and implementation method based on IPv6, in described Internet of Things framework, Object node and sensor node all have globally unique IPv6 address and support the IPv6 agreement, can adopt unified IPv6 agreement to carry out point to point link with the node in the Next Generation Internet.The IPv6 address of user by Next Generation Internet and Object node be the up-to-date attribute information of query aim Object node in real time; The user is by Next Generation Internet and be attached to the IPv6 address parameter of query aim Object node environment of living in real time of the sensor node of destination object node, and in time sends order to sensor node according to the state of destination object node and realize real-time control and adjusting to the destination object node; Object node and sensor node can send warning information or other advertised information to the user in real time by Next Generation Internet, so that the user can in time handle.
With traditional comparing based on the RFID Internet of Things, the present invention has following advantage: 1) user can be at any time carries out point to point link with destination object node and the sensor node be furnished with thereof, thereby recognizes the up-to-date attribute information and the environmental information of living in of destination object node; 2) if the environmental parameter of destination object node is in abnormal condition, the user can make it be in normal condition to the sensor node transmitting control commands parameter that controls environment in time; 3) Object node and sensor node can initiatively send warning or advertised information to client layer by Next Generation Internet, and for example, article arrive destination etc.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is done further to specify, above-mentioned and/or otherwise advantage of the present invention will become apparent.
Fig. 1 is the Internet of Things framework schematic diagram based on IPv6 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an Internet of Things node IP v6 protocol stack schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 obtains the schematic flow sheet of link layer address for Internet of Things node of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an Internet of Things node register flow path schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is an Internet of Things data-bag interacting schematic flow sheet of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is an Internet of Things node motion handling process schematic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment:
The invention provides Internet of Things framework and implementation method based on IPv6, in described method, Internet of Things exists as the terminal network of IPv6 network.
The Internet of Things framework schematic diagram that is based on IPv6 shown in Figure 1, described Internet of Things framework comprises three layers: the article layer of being made up of Object node and sensor node, the network layer of forming by Next Generation Internet, the client layer of forming by user communication device (for example notebook computer), wherein, the Object node of described article layer is by the article in the Internet of Things, the microprocessor that article disposed (as the ATmega128L of U.S. Atmel company), memory (as the KM29U128T of Korea S Samsung) and low-consumption wireless communicator (as the radio frequency chip CC2420 of Chipcon company of Norway) are formed, and are mainly used in processing, the attribute information of storage and transporting articles is (as the color of article, area etc.); Object node is furnished with a plurality of sensor nodes, is used to monitor the relevant parameter (for example, the position at Object node place, the temperature of environment of living in etc.) with controlled target Object node environment of living in); Object node and sensor node have globally unique IPv6 address and support the IPv6 agreement, can adopt unified IPv6 agreement to carry out point to point link with the IPv6 node in the Next Generation Internet.In this framework, Internet of Things exists as the terminal network of Next Generation Internet, insert Next Generation Internet by border router, all Object nodes are all identical with the network prefix of the IPv6 address of sensor node in the Internet of Things, equal the network prefix of the IPv6 address of coupled border router; In this framework, the Next Generation Internet of the communication equipment of described client layer by network layer and the attribute information of the IPv6 address lookup destination object node of article layer Object node; The communication equipment of client layer is by Next Generation Internet and be attached to the parameter of IPv6 address lookup destination object node environment of living in of the sensor node of destination object node; Described Object node and sensor node send the attribute information or the environmental parameter of living in of destination object node to client layer by Next Generation Internet; If being in abnormal condition, destination object node environmental parameter of living in (for example promptly exceeded scope that client layer sets by communication equipment, if temperature surpasses setting range, then temperature parameter is in abnormal condition), then send order (for example to drive destination object node environment regulating device switch of living in to sensor node, set air-conditioning switch at temperature parameter), make corresponding environmental parameter be in normal setting range; Object node and sensor node can initiatively send warning or advertised information to client layer by Next Generation Internet, so that the user can in time handle.
Shown in Figure 2 is Internet of Things node IP v6 protocol stack schematic diagram of the present invention.In Internet of Things node IP v6 protocol stack, physical layer and link layer protocol adopt the IEEE802.15.4 standard, and network layer and transport layer adopt light weight IPv6 agreement and light weight TCP/UDP agreement (referring to RFC4944).Described Internet of Things exists as the terminal network of Next Generation Internet, insert Next Generation Internet by border router, all Object nodes are all identical with the network prefix of the IPv6 address of sensor node in the Internet of Things, equal the network prefix of the IPv6 address of coupled border router.The link layer address of the IPv6 protocol stack of the Object node of described Internet of Things and sensor node adopts the EUI-64 address, and its value equals the interface identifier of IPv6 address, i.e. back 64 bits of IPv6 address.
Fig. 3 obtains the schematic flow sheet of link layer address for Internet of Things node of the present invention, the attachment networking preserves the link layer address of all nodes in the Internet of Things with the border router of Next Generation Internet and for initiate node distributes the link layer address with Internet of Things uniqueness, idiographic flow is as follows:
Step 301: the Join message that the node of new admixture networking adds to new node of neighbor node broadcasting;
Step 302: receive Hello message of welcoming new node of neighbor node broadcasting of message, this message comprises the jumping figure that neighbor node arrives border router;
Step 303: the nearest neighbor node of newly added node chosen distance border router is as father node, simultaneously with oneself primary ID number as the interface identifier of IPv6 address, and adopt Neighbor Solicitation message to send this sign to determine its uniqueness to border router;
Step 304: border router checks that whether the IPv6 address interface sign of new node has uniqueness, if having uniqueness, carry out step 306, otherwise carry out step 305;
Step 305: border router is that new node returns an IPv6 address interface sign with uniqueness;
Step 306: note the IPv6 address interface sign of new node, adopt Neighbor Solicitation message that the IPv6 address interface sign of new node is returned to new node simultaneously;
Step 307: the IPv6 address interface sign that new node will have uniqueness combines with the network prefix of border router, has obtained the IPv6 address of oneself;
Step 308: new node is registered operation to the root node transmission Register of place tree message;
Step 309: process finishes.
Fig. 4 is an Internet of Things node register flow path schematic diagram of the present invention, and after the node of new admixture networking obtained the IPv6 address, it can register operation to the root node (being border router) of place tree.When but Object node broke away from current father node do not break away from current tree, it can reselect the branch that a father node adds current tree, registered operation to the root node of current tree simultaneously.Join a new tree and obtain when delivering the IPv6 address when an Object node breaks away from this tree, the root node of new tree also can be registered operation to the root node that Object node obtains the tree of IPv6 address, local.Idiographic flow is as follows:
Step 401: the node of new admixture networking is registered operation to Regsiter message of root node transmission of place tree, perhaps but Object node breaks away from current parent's node does not break away from current tree, it can reselect the branch that a father node adds current tree, simultaneously send a Register message to the root node of current tree and register operation, perhaps Object node is owing to move the root node of the tree that adds again obtains root node from the tree of IPv6 address, local to Object node and send a registration M_Regsiter message and register operation;
Is step 402: what border router received Register message? if carry out step 403, otherwise carry out step 405;
Is is step 403: border router judged and comprised two IPv6 addresses in the Register message? if carry out step 406, otherwise carry out step 404;
Step 404: border router is noted the interface identifier of the IPv6 address of newly added node, notes the route that arrives this node simultaneously, promptly notes the IPv6 address interface sign of the node of this node place branch, carry out step 408;
Is step 405: what border router received M_Register message? if carry out step 407, otherwise carry out step 408;
Step 406: border router is noted IPv6 address, mobile Object node local and is delivered the IPv6 address, notes the route that arrives this Object node simultaneously, promptly notes the IPv6 address interface sign of the node of this node place branch, carry out step 408;
Step 407: border router is noted the IPv6 address that mobile Object node obtains the root node of the tree of delivering the IPv6 address, deletes the routing iinformation of this Object node simultaneously;
Step 408: registration process finishes.
Fig. 5 is an Internet of Things data-bag interacting schematic flow sheet of the present invention, and idiographic flow is as follows:
Step 501: the user sends the IPv6 packet to the Internet of Things node;
Step 502: the root node of place tree, i.e. local border router when packet at first arrives destination node and obtains IPv6 address, local;
Does step 503: the local border router judge that whether the purpose Object node is moved, and promptly is arranged in this tree? if then carry out step 504, otherwise carry out step 505;
Step 504: the local border router is searched the route that arrives the purpose Object node, and routes a data packet to destination node by the mode of Routing Header (referring to RFC2460 version number, 1998), carry out step 507;
Step 505: the local border router sends to the root node of the current place of purpose Object node tree with packet, promptly delivers border router;
Step 506: deliver border router and search the route that arrives the purpose Object node, and route a data packet to destination node by the mode of Routing Header (referring to RFC2460);
Step 507: the packet of destination node process user is encapsulated as an IPv6 response data packet with response data, and packet is sent to father node;
Step 508: father node sends to response data packet the father node of father node again, and final by that analogy, packet arrives the root node of destination node place tree, i.e. border router;
Step 509: border router sends to response data packet on the Next Generation Internet, and final response data packet arrives the user according to the IPv6 routing mode;
Step 510: process finishes.
Fig. 6 is an Internet of Things node motion handling process schematic diagram of the present invention, and in the present invention, the Object node in the Internet of Things and the sensor node of outfit thereof are done as a whole moving, and the handling process when Object node is moved is as follows:
Step 601: Object node detects and breaks away from current father node;
Is is step 602: Object node judged and oneself broken away from current tree? if break away from, carry out step 603, otherwise carry out step 605;
Step 603: Object node can add a tree again and obtain and deliver the IPv6 address, registers operation to the root node transmission Register of initiate tree message simultaneously;
Step 604: the root node of the initiate tree of Object node obtains the root node transmission M_Register message of the tree of IPv6 address, local and registers operation to Object node, carry out step 606;
Step 605: Object node can be reselected the branch that a father node adds current tree, registers operation to the root node transmission Register of current tree message simultaneously;
Step 606: process finishes.
The present invention can be applied to fields such as logistics, medical treatment, for example, in logistics field, when a new Object node admixture is networked, it obtains link address and IPv6 address by schematic flow sheet shown in Figure 3, and registers operation to set up the routed path that arrives border router by schematic flow sheet shown in Figure 4.If the user thinks the attribute information of query object node, the address that then sends clauses and subclauses is the data query bag of destination object node IP v6 address, the data query bag carries out route according to flow process shown in Figure 5, and according to flow process shown in Figure 5 response data is returned to the user.Reach a place when Object node is every, thereby it can re-register the correctness of guaranteeing route by flow process shown in Figure 6.
In sum, the invention provides Internet of Things framework and implementation method based on IPv6, this technology can be applied to numerous areas such as logistics, agricultural, medical treatment, for example, in logistics field, Object node is every to reach a place, thereby can by local border router obtain network address prefix know current place the position and in time report to the user, equally, be in abnormal condition if sensor node monitors Object node, it can in time give a warning information so that the user in time handles to the user; Since sensor node have volume little, cheap, be easy to arrange, be easy to characteristics such as maintenances, and the Internet have the geographical position cover extensive, easy to use, characteristics such as friendly interface, expense are cheap, therefore, present technique has very high promotional value.
The invention provides a kind of based on the Internet of Things framework of IPv6 and the thinking of implementation method; the method and the approach of this technical scheme of specific implementation are a lot; the above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; should be understood that; for those skilled in the art; under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention, can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.The all available prior art of each component part not clear and definite in the present embodiment is realized.
Claims (8)
1. the Internet of things system based on IPv6 is characterized in that, comprises the article layer that contains Object node and sensor node composition, the network layer that contains the Next Generation Internet composition and the client layer that contains communication equipment;
Object node in the described article layer comprises article and loads on the microprocessor of article, memory and radio communication device, is used to handle, the attribute information of storage and transporting articles; Described Object node is furnished with an above sensor node, is used to monitor the parameter with controlled target Object node environment of living in; Object node and sensor node have globally unique IPv6 address and support the IPv6 agreement, can adopt the IPv6 agreement to carry out point to point link with the IPv6 node of Next Generation Internet in the network layer;
The Next Generation Internet of the communication equipment of described client layer by network layer and the attribute information of the IPv6 address lookup destination object node of article layer Object node; The communication equipment of client layer is by Next Generation Internet and be attached to the parameter of IPv6 address lookup destination object node environment of living in of the sensor node of destination object node; Described Object node and sensor node send the attribute information or the environmental parameter of living in of destination object node to client layer by Next Generation Internet; If destination object node environmental parameter of living in has exceeded the scope that client layer is set, client layer then sends order to sensor node and regulates the value of environmental parameter in the setting range to drive the destination object node; Described Object node and sensor node send warning or advertised information by Next Generation Internet to the communication equipment of client layer.
2. a kind of Internet of things system based on IPv6 according to claim 1 is characterized in that, Object node in the described article layer and sensor node adopt light weight IPv6 protocol stack.
3. a kind of Internet of things system according to claim 2 based on IPv6, it is characterized in that, described article layer inserts Next Generation Internet as the terminal network of Next Generation Internet by border router, all Object nodes are all identical with the network prefix of the IPv6 address of sensor node in the article layer, equal the network prefix of the IPv6 address of coupled border router.
4. a kind of Internet of things system according to claim 3 based on IPv6, it is characterized in that, the link layer of the IPv6 protocol stack of the Object node of described Internet of Things and sensor node adopts the IEEE802.15.4 standard, its link layer address adopts the EUI-64 address, its value equals the interface identifier of IPv6 address, i.e. back 64 bits of IPv6 address.
5. a kind of Internet of things system according to claim 4 based on IPv6, it is characterized in that the link layer address of all the sensors node and Object node also is that initiate sensor node or Object node distribute the link layer address with Internet of Things uniqueness in the described border router stores layer; The Object node of described article layer and sensor node obtain the link layer address with uniqueness from border router, combine with the network prefix of border router to form the IPv6 address of oneself; Communicate with adopting multicast between the border router that article layer links to each other.
6. a kind of Internet of things system based on IPv6 according to claim 5 is characterized in that, newly adds the nearest neighbor node of the sensor node of article layer or Object node chosen distance border router as father node, and preserves father node information; The topological structure of described article layer is a tree, the tree root node is a border router, new sensor node or Object node are registered to border router by the branch of place tree, and border router can be noted the route that arrives new sensor node or Object node.
7. a kind of Internet of things system according to claim 6 based on IPv6, it is characterized in that, when the communication equipment of client layer when the sensor node of article layer or Object node send the IPv6 packet, packet at first arrives the root node of sensor node or Object node place tree, it is border router, border router is searched the route that arrives purpose sensor node or Object node, and routes a data packet to purpose sensor node or Object node by the mode of Routing Header; When the sensor node of article layer or Object node when the communication equipment of client layer sends the IPv6 packet, described sensor node or Object node are upwards transmitted packet layer by layer by father node and are arrived root node, it is border router, by border router packet is sent on the Next Generation Internet, packet arrives the communication equipment of client layer by Next Generation Internet.
9. a kind of Internet of things system based on IPv6 according to claim 7 is characterized in that the Object node of article layer and the sensor node of being furnished with thereof are done as a whole moving; When but Object node breaks away from current father node does not break away from current tree, reselect the branch that a father node adds current tree, register operation to the root node of current tree simultaneously; When Object node breaks away from current tree, again add a tree and obtain and deliver the IPv6 address, simultaneously register operation to the root node of initiate tree, the root node record of initiate tree arrives the route of Object node, and the while is registered operation to the root node that Object node obtains the tree of IPv6 address, local.
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| CN109067929A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-12-21 | 北京格瑞空间科技有限公司 | A kind of method of Internet of things node equipment distribution identification code |
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| CN110012121A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2019-07-12 | 安徽师范大学 | Isomery Internet of things node based on connection identifier accesses IPv6 network method |
| CN110012121B (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2021-08-27 | 安徽师范大学 | Method for accessing heterogeneous Internet of things node into IPv6 network based on connection identifier |
| WO2024092923A1 (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2024-05-10 | 海尔优家智能科技（北京）有限公司 | Method and apparatus for allocating address prefix, storage medium, and electronic apparatus |
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