CN101798812A - Double anchoring section prestressed anchoring system with three-layer protection and anchoring method thereof - Google Patents
Double anchoring section prestressed anchoring system with three-layer protection and anchoring method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a double anchoring section prestressed anchoring system with three-layer protection and anchoring method thereof. The anchoring system is composed of an inner anchoring section, a free section, an outer anchoring section and an anchor section. Outer layer binder, corrugated pipe and inner layer binder form three-layer protection for the inner and outer anchoring sections of the anchoring system, the outer layer binder, the corrugated pipe, a sleeve and the inner binder form four-layer protection for the free section, thus greatly improving resistance to corrosion of anchoring structure. Double anchoring sections form an anchoring force holding end and a prestress holding end. Compared with common single anchoring section anchoring method, the invention has the advantages that the outer anchoring section in specific design can effectively inhibit influence of creep, weathering, corrosion, blasting and earthquake of mantle rock soil body on anchoring system and the aim of avoiding or reducing prestress loss can be achieved. The invention has simple implementation and strong operability, procedure change is less compared with the existing anchoring method, and the invention has obvious advantage compared with the permanent anchoring system and can be applicable to reinforcement of geotechnical engineering such as side slope and foundation pit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to geotechnical engineering supporting and field of reinforcement, relate in particular to and be used for that reinforcings such as side slope, foundation ditch, tunnel, chamber a kind of had two anchoring section prestress anchorage systems of three-layer protection and anchoring process thereof.
Technical background
Prestress anchoraging is that the general name that Prestressed Rock Anchor and concrete pre-stress draw anchor [is tried to make a comment application and the development of prestressed anchorage technology in China's Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering, Wang Hongxia; Wang Jianing; Wang Jingwu.North China aerospace industry institute journal, 2003.01], be an anchoring that on prestressed concrete foundation, grows up.It can apply initiatively compressive pre-stress to basement rock or building, thereby reach the purpose of reinforcing or improving its stress condition in advance according to direction, size and the anchorage depth of designing requirement.
The measure of ground prestress anchoraging comprises prestress anchorage cable and prestressed anchor.Prestress anchorage cable is made up of anchor hole, steel strand and cementing agent, and prestressed anchor is made up of anchor hole, reinforcing bar and cementing agent, adopts cement material as cementing agent generally speaking.
Common prestress anchorage cable and prestressed anchor are made up of three parts such as anchor head section, free section, anchoring sections.Anchoring section is the foundation of prestress anchorage cable and prestressed anchor, and its effect is that Load Transfer that free section is transmitted is in the stable geotechnical body of deep layer; Anchor head is positioned at beyond the anchor hole aperture, is stretch-draw and the prestressed support section of locking; Free section connects anchor head and anchoring section, bears whole loads that prestressed stretch-draw applies.
Ground prestressed anchor solid method has the following advantages: stack scope and the stack degree that 1. can initiatively adjust prestressing force field and natural stress field, and then fully call the potential self-stable ability of engineering geology body, change its internal stress distribution proterties and size, the scope of restriction injurious deformation; 2. structure and stratum closely can be bound up, form the co-operation system, improve the stability and security of engineering structures; 3. can disturbance as few as possible by the prerequisite of anchoring body under, reach reinforcing, increase steady purpose.Based on these advantages, the prestressed anchor solid method has obtained using very widely [progress of ground prestressed anchorage technology, Chen Zuyu, Yang Jian, Guizhou hydroelectric generation, 2004.10] in the geotechnical engineering at home and abroad.
Though traditional ground prestressed anchor solid method is reasonable in design, easy construction, economically feasible, application are very extensive, but with prestressed concrete the prestress anchoraging object---concrete is compared, have the characteristic of various complexity such as anisotropy, rheological characteristic, dilatancy just because of geotechnical body, make the ground prestress anchorage system manifest following weak point:
(1) for permanent anchoring system, especially be applied to anchoring system large-scale, key project, as large hydropower station slope reinforcement etc., its effective period of service reaches a century, and near the mantle rock soil body the anchor head, it is bigger influenced by extraneous factor, comprises weathering, geotechnical body rheological effect, corrosion etc., to cause bigger loss of prestress, thereby reduce the resistance to overturning of former ruggedized construction.
(2) impact forces that factor produced such as Rolling Stone, concussion of blasting and earthquake will significantly change near the mechanical state of the geotechnical body anchor head, cause tangible loss of prestress.
(3) less mantle rock soil deformation can produce very big loss of prestress.
Document [Littlejohn, S.1992.Ground anchorage technology-a forward look[A] .Grouting, soil improvement and Geosynthetics[C] .Vol.1632107.GeotechnicalSpecial Publications, No.30.ASCE.] show, for permanent prestress anchorage system, the federal prestressing force association of France (Federation Internationale de la Precont rainte) is to the investigation of 35 anchoring piece corrosion situations, the direct conclusion that draws is: the corrosion of prestress anchorage cable can occur in arbitrary position of steel strand and ground tackle, the time that corrosion takes place also can be from the some months to decades, so, in anchor cable design and construction, should fully pay attention to the anticorrosion problem of anchor cable, confirm also that objectively there is above-mentioned deficiency in existing ground prestressed anchor solid method simultaneously.
Therefore, the geotechnical body prestress anchorage system is needed 2 problems that solve at present badly: reduce loss of prestress and improve antiseptic power.This also is the developing direction of current geotechnical anchor engineering.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to: (1) provides a kind of deficiency that overcomes existing ground prestressed anchor solid method, by in the shallow rock soil body, setting up anchoring section outside, it is whole that presstressed reinforcing steel and shallow rock soil body bonding is formed, is that wire carrying, outer anchor head are the point-like carrying with the stressed proterties of anchor structure by anchoring section in existing, anchoring section and outer anchoring section were the wire carrying in change became, the action direction of shearing force is opposite in the cementing agent of interior anchoring section and outer anchoring section, and the load of bearing with anchor head has formed self-stabilization prestressed structure system jointly.(2) utilize twice slip casting and apply mechanically bellows; presstressed reinforcing steel outer layer binder, bellows, the protection of interior layer binder more than three layers have been formed; improve the anchor structure antiseptic power, two anchoring section prestress anchorage systems of a kind of three-layer protection that prolongs its application life and anchoring process thereof.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of have two anchoring section prestress anchorage systems of three-layer protection, comprise presstressed reinforcing steel, free section, anchor head section and anchoring section, wherein, anchoring section and outer anchoring section in described anchoring section comprises, anchoring section places the described free section outside in described, and described outer anchoring section is between described free section and described anchor head section; Anchoring section, free section and outer anchoring section place in the bellows in described, and the outer tube wall of described bellows is provided with outer locator; Place the described presstressed reinforcing steel of described free section to wrap up in sleeve pipe outward.
Described presstressed reinforcing steel can adopt one or more.
Described presstressed reinforcing steel is steel strand or reinforcing bar.
Described presstressed reinforcing steel top is provided with guiding cap.
Be provided with the positioned internal device between the described presstressed reinforcing steel.
Described sleeve pipe is plastic pipe or the plastic pipe that contains grease.
Be provided with grout stop between anchoring section and the described free section in described.
The length of described outer anchoring section is greater than 1m, and the length of described free section is greater than 2m.
Above-mentioned a kind of anchoring process with the two anchoring section prestress anchorage systems of three-layer protection specifically may further comprise the steps:
A. boring: construction drill in rock mass (6);
B. place anchoring system: anchoring system and once grouting pipe (10), the secondary grouting pipe (11) that will make are in advance as requested installed by its spatial relationship, and inner end is fixed, and its integral body are put into described boring (6) again;
C. anchoring: carry out interior anchoring section 1 slip casting by once grouting pipe 10, form the interior layer binder (8) of outer layer binder (5) and interior anchoring section (1), owing to be provided with grout stop (14) between interior anchoring section (1) and the free section (2), slurries can not enter free section (2) and the outer anchoring section (3) in the bellows;
D. tensioning fixation: when the intensity of the interior layer binder (8) in outer layer binder (5) and the interior anchoring section reaches prescribed strength, above-mentioned anchoring system is carried out tensioning fixation;
E. secondary grouting sealing off and covering anchorage: after cable body stretch-draw is finished, with secondary grouting pipe (11) free section (2) and outer anchoring section (3) in the bellows (7) are carried out secondary grouting, the interior air of bellows is discharged by stack (25).The presstressed reinforcing steel of free section is owing to the existence of sleeve pipe keeps free state; Presstressed reinforcing steel and interior layer binder, bellows, outer layer binder, shallow rock soil body form outer anchoring section, thereby form the two anchoring section structures of three-layer protection.
Because interior anchoring section (1) is arranged in the deep and stablizes geotechnical body, outer anchoring section (3) is arranged in the shallow rock soil body, forms anchor retain strength end respectively and keeps prestressing force to hold the power end.Presstressed reinforcing steel (12) in the outer anchoring section (3) bonds together itself and shallow rock soil body (22) by outer layer binder (5)-bellows (7)-interior layer binder (8) three layer construction, form the structure complex, suppress because the loss of prestress that effects such as the creep of the mantle rock soil body, weathering, corrosion cause reduces the influence of impact forces such as explosion, earthquake to the anchor structure globality.
By outside and inner twice slip casting and apply mechanically bellows, formed multilayer protection system, the raising antiseptic power.The presstressed reinforcing steel of outer layer binder, bellows, the internal anchoring section of interior layer binder, outer anchoring section forms three-layer protection.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: owing to adopt technique scheme, it is simple, workable that the present invention constructs, compare with existing anchoring process, operation changes seldom, and cost is compared increase seldom with existing single anchoring section anchoring process, its implementation result can be avoided or significantly reduce loss of prestress, for permanent anchoring system, have the incomparable superiority of existing anchoring process, can be widely used in side slope, tunnel, chamber, the geotechnique's journey supporting of foundation ditch isolith and the field of reinforcement in fields such as water conservancy and hydropower, mine, road.In the two anchoring section prestress anchorage systems of three-layer protection, because the existence of free section, presstressed reinforcing steel can possess the ability of freely adjusting with rock mass deformation; Do not change the stress characteristic of ground prestressed structure system, can adapt to the deformation rule of geotechnical body, kept the substantive characteristics of existing single anchoring section prestressed anchor solid method.When because the load that the influence of various factors causes anchor structure to be born when reducing, cementing agent in the outer anchoring section produces corresponding shearing force, thereby the prestressing force kept stable in the feasible free section, the stability and the persistence of anchoring system have been strengthened, reach the purpose of avoiding or reducing loss of prestress, can keep the long-term stability of prestressed reinforcement structure.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 the present invention is a kind of to have two anchoring section prestress anchorage systems of three-layer protection and anchoring process constructional drawing thereof.
Anchoring section A-A sectional drawing in Fig. 2 the present invention.
The free section of Fig. 3 the present invention B-B sectional drawing.
The outer anchoring section C-C sectional drawing of Fig. 4 the present invention.
Among the figure:
1. interior anchoring section 13. positioned internal devices
2. free section 14. grout stops
3. outer anchoring section 16. guiding steel pipes
4. anchor head section 18. ground tackles
5. outer layer binder 19. backing plates
6. 20. hard hats of holing
7. bellows 21. anchor piers
8. interior layer binder 22. shallow rock soil bodies
9. outer locator 23. bellows plastic end cap
10. once grouting pipe 24. guiding caps
11. secondary grouting pipe 25. stacks
12. presstressed reinforcing steel 26. sleeve pipes
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing technical scheme of the present invention is described further.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention is a kind of has two anchoring section prestress anchorage systems of three-layer protection and an anchoring process constructional drawing.The present invention is a kind of to have the two anchoring section prestress anchorage systems of three-layer protection, comprises interior anchoring section, free section, outer anchoring section, presstressed reinforcing steel and anchor head section.
Anchor head section 4 is by anchor pier 21, backing plate 19, and ground tackle 18 and hard hat 20 are formed.Ground tackle 18 is fixed on the backing plate 19, and backing plate 19 is fixed on the outer end of shallow rock soil body 22 by anchor pier 21; Interior anchoring section 1, free section 2 and outer anchoring section 3 are positioned at bellows 7 successively, the outer tube wall of bellows 7 is provided with outer locator 9, be provided with positioned internal device 13 between the presstressed reinforcing steel 12, one end of presstressed reinforcing steel 12 is anchored on the backing plate 19 on the anchor pier 21 by ground tackle 18, and the other end is connected with guiding cap 24 in the interior anchoring section 1.Wherein place the presstressed reinforcing steel of free section 2 to wrap up in sleeve pipe 26 outward.
In the work progress, construction drill 6 in the rock mass of reinforcing, the present invention's anchoring system integral body is put into boring 6, form the interior layer binder 8 of outer layer binder 5 and interior anchoring section 1 then by 10 slip castings of once grouting pipe, because the existence of grout stop 14, slurries can not enter free section 2 and outer anchoring section 3 in the bellows; When the intensity of the interior layer binder 8 in outer layer binder 5 and the interior anchoring section 1 reaches prescribed strength, anchoring system is carried out tensioning fixation; After stretch-draw is finished, carry out secondary grouting with free section 2 and outer anchoring section 3 in 11 pairs of bellowss of secondary grouting pipe 7, the air in the bellows is discharged by stack 25, installs hard hat 20.The presstressed reinforcing steel 12 of free section 2 is owing to the existence of sleeve pipe 26 keeps free state, and presstressed reinforcing steel and interior layer binder, bellows, outer layer binder, shallow rock soil body form outer anchoring section, thereby forms the two anchoring section structures of three-layer protection.
As shown in Figure 2, be the A-A sectional drawing of anchoring section 1 in of the present invention.Interior anchoring section 1 is stressed a section of whole anchor system.Be provided with positioned internal device 13 between the presstressed reinforcing steel 12 of anchoring section 1 in placing, once grouting pipe 10 passes bellows plastic end cap 23, anchoring section and outer layer binder in range of grouting relates to.
As shown in Figure 3, be B-B sectional drawing of the present invention free section 2.Place presstressed reinforcing steel 12 surfaces of free section 2 to wrap up one deck sleeve pipe 26, keep the free state of presstressed reinforcing steel.
As shown in Figure 4, be the C-C sectional drawing of outer anchoring section 3 of the present invention.This section forms and keeps prestressing force to hold the power end.Place the presstressed reinforcing steel 12 of outer anchoring section 3 to bond together with shallow rock soil body 22 by outer layer binder 5, bellows 7, interior layer binder 8, suppress because the loss of prestress that effects such as the creep of the mantle rock soil body, weathering, corrosion cause reduces the influence of impact forces such as explosion, earthquake to the anchor structure globality.Presstressed reinforcing steel is formed the three-layer protection of outer layer binder 5, bellows 7, interior layer binder 8, improved the anchor structure antiseptic power, prolonged its application life.
The two anchoring section prestress anchorage systems of three-layer protection of the present invention are at the carrying initial stage; the mantle rock soil body or bearing structure do not produce distortion or are not subjected to the influence of other factors; though have cementing agent between outer anchoring section presstressed reinforcing steel and geotechnical body; but do not have shearing force in the cementing agent, all prestressing force is born by the anchor head structure.
With the anchoring system continuity of service time, the mantle rock soil body can be subjected to the influence of weathering, rheology, corrosion or factors such as impact, vibrations to some extent, geotechnical body produces distortion near anchor head or the anchor head, because the existence of outer anchoring section, cementing agent between shallow rock soil body and presstressed reinforcing steel produces shearing force, stop the prestressing force in the free section to reduce, thereby play the effect that reduces loss of prestress, this moment, prestressing force was born jointly by the adhesion stress between anchor head, presstressed reinforcing steel and shallow rock soil body.
When outer anchoring section carries, outer anchoring section cementing agent and geotechnical body contact surface, outer anchoring section cementing agent and presstressed reinforcing steel contact surface will produce the less strain deformation to boring deep direction, thereby cause the prestressing force in the free section slightly to reduce.
With document [pressure dispersing type prestress anchorage cable anti-pulling rupture test, Zhang Jingcheng etc., the prospecting science and technology, 2004.3] be example to the pull-out test result of anchor cable, for traditional single anchoring section prestress anchorage cable, in anchoring system design bearing capacity scope, anchoring body is under the tension of free section, when pulling force during less than design bearing capacity 30%, its anchoring body (be equivalent to of the present invention in anchoring section position) plastic displacement is minimum, can ignore; When pulling capacity equaled design bearing capacity, its anchoring body (being equivalent to interior anchoring section position of the present invention) plastic displacement accounted for below 20% of elastic deformation of the free section of anchor cable.
The two anchoring section prestressed anchor solid methods of the three-layer protection of proposition according to the present invention---the two-way function of anchoring section and outer anchoring section in the free section of presstressed reinforcing steel is subjected to; when the anchor head section because effects such as the creep of geotechnical body, weathering, corrosion when causing loss of prestress (less than designing prestressing force 30%); the drag load of anchor head section loss will be transferred to outer anchoring section; this moment because of outer anchoring section produce in the hole direction plastic displacement very I ignore, promptly harmless to integral fastening system prestressing force.
If the effects such as creep, weathering, corrosion that take place because of geotechnical body cause extreme cases such as anchor head section prestressing force total loss, the anchor head section is all transferred to outer anchoring section to the pulling force load of free section, the loss of prestress that the plastic strain (or whole displacement) of the outer anchoring section of cause is caused also is not more than 20%, promptly under this extreme case, the loss of prestress of anchoring system is not more than 20%, has reached the purpose of avoiding and reducing loss of prestress.
Simultaneously, the three-layer protection structure of slurry-bellows-slurry ecto-entad has significantly improved the antiseptic power of anchoring system, has avoided because the anchor structure that corrosion causes destroys and loss of prestress.
The two anchoring section prestress anchorage systems of three-layer protection combine the improvement that reduces loss of prestress and improve 2 aspects of antiseptic power, can guarantee that anchor structure prolongs its application life being in for a long time under the design load.
The specific design parameter of interior anchoring section, free section, outer anchoring section and anchor head section is relevant with factors such as the engineering geological conditions of stabilization works object, safety specifications, can determine according to concrete engineering geological conditions.
Claims (9)
1. one kind has the two anchoring section prestress anchorage systems of three-layer protection, this system comprises presstressed reinforcing steel (12), anchoring section, free section (2) and anchor head section (4), it is characterized in that, described anchoring section comprises interior anchoring section (1) and outer anchoring section (3), anchoring section (1) places described free section (2) outside in described, described outer anchoring section (3) is positioned between described free section (2) and the anchor head section (4), anchoring section (1), free section (2) and outer anchoring section (3) place in the bellows (7) in described, and the outer tube wall of described bellows (7) is provided with outer locator (9); Place the outer sleeve pipe (26) of wrapping up in of described presstressed reinforcing steel (12) of described free section (2).
2. as claimed in claim 1 have two anchoring section prestress anchorage systems of three-layer protection, it is characterized in that: be provided with grout stop (14) between anchoring section (1) and described free section (2) in described.
3. as claimed in claim 1 have two anchoring section prestress anchorage systems of three-layer protection, it is characterized in that: described sleeve pipe (26) is for plastic pipe or contain the plastic pipe of grease.
4. as claimed in claim 1 have two anchoring section prestress anchorage systems of three-layer protection, and it is characterized in that: described presstressed reinforcing steel (12) can adopt one or more.
5. as claimed in claim 1 have two anchoring section prestress anchorage systems of three-layer protection, and it is characterized in that: presstressed reinforcing steel (12) is steel strand or reinforcing bar.
6. as claimed in claim 1 have two anchoring section prestress anchorage systems of three-layer protection, and it is characterized in that: described presstressed reinforcing steel (12) top is provided with guiding cap (24).
7. as claimed in claim 1 have two anchoring section prestress anchorage systems of three-layer protection, it is characterized in that: be provided with positioned internal device (13) between the described presstressed reinforcing steel (12).
8. as claimed in claim 1 have two anchoring section prestressed anchor solid methods of three-layer protection, and it is characterized in that: the length of described outer anchoring section (3) is greater than 1m, and the length of described free section (2) is greater than 2m.
9. the anchoring process with the two anchoring section prestress anchorage systems of three-layer protection as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
A. boring: construction drill in rock mass (6);
B. place anchoring system: anchoring system and once grouting pipe (10), the secondary grouting pipe (11) that will make are in advance as requested installed by its spatial relationship, and inner end is fixed, and its integral body are put into described boring (6) again;
C. anchoring: carry out interior anchoring section slip casting by the once grouting pipe, form the interior layer binder (8) of outer layer binder (5) and interior anchoring section (1), owing to be provided with grout stop (14) between interior anchoring section (1) and the free section (2), slurries can not enter free section (2) and the outer anchoring section (3) in the bellows;
D. tensioning fixation: when the intensity of the interior layer binder (8) in outer layer binder (5) and the interior anchoring section reaches prescribed strength, above-mentioned anchoring system is carried out tensioning fixation;
E. secondary grouting sealing off and covering anchorage; After cable body stretch-draw is finished, with secondary grouting pipe (11) free section (2) and outer anchoring section (3) in the bellows (7) are carried out secondary grouting, the air in the bellows is discharged by stack (25).The presstressed reinforcing steel of free section is owing to the existence of sleeve pipe (26) keeps free state; Presstressed reinforcing steel and interior layer binder, bellows, outer layer binder, shallow rock soil body form outer anchoring section, thereby form the two anchoring section structures of three-layer protection.
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