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CN101786841B - 相变储能无机发泡复合保温板材及其制备方法 - Google Patents

相变储能无机发泡复合保温板材及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN101786841B
CN101786841B CN2010101075562A CN201010107556A CN101786841B CN 101786841 B CN101786841 B CN 101786841B CN 2010101075562 A CN2010101075562 A CN 2010101075562A CN 201010107556 A CN201010107556 A CN 201010107556A CN 101786841 B CN101786841 B CN 101786841B
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CN101786841A (zh
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王艳锦
王建春
张春山
王博儒
王博征
李建军
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XINYANG TIANYI ENERGY SAVING TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种相变储能无机发泡复合保温板材及其制备方法,它是由相变调温骨料、水泥、氧化硅、粉煤灰、矿物纤维、聚丙烯短纤维、水泥发泡剂、稳定剂8种原料配制而成。通过本发明的制作方法,使制成的相变储能无机发泡保温板材具有良好的蓄热特性以及防水性能和抗老化性能,具有质量轻、结合牢度强、抗压强度大、隔热保温、防水防潮、节能效果显著等优点。

Description

相变储能无机发泡复合保温板材及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于建筑物墙体保温板材技术领域,是一种相变储能无机发泡复合保温板材及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着我国经济的发展,能源短缺问题日益突出,建筑取暖耗费浪费严重,建筑节能已成为一个重要课题。目前市场上已有的泡沫保温板材,是以塑料、橡胶等有机高分子材料为基材制成的泡沫保温板材。比如:挤塑板、聚丙烯泡沫板、聚苯板和聚氨酯板等,这种泡沫保温板材的基材来源是石油化工产品,不仅要耗费大量的能源、造成原料资源短缺、综合算账是耗能而不是节能,而且制作工艺复杂,成本高,且存在着不可克服的自然缺陷:不耐高温、易燃烧、抗老化差、释放有毒有害物质等。同时,这些保温板材还存在着蓄热系数小,不能实现热能的吸收、储存和释放的功能。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种具有良好的储能特性,能有效地改善环境温度,防火阻燃,质量轻,抗压强度高,节能效果好,无毒无害,绿色环保的相变储能无机发泡复合保温板材及其制备方法。
实现本发明的目的所采取的技术方案是:该保温板材是由以下重量份配比的原料制成,相变调温骨料10~15份、水泥70~75份、二氧化硅2~3份、粉煤灰3~5份、矿物纤维1~2份、聚丙烯短纤维0.1~0.2份、水泥发泡剂0.5~1份、稳定剂0.1~0.2份。
所述矿物纤维采用海泡石、硅酸铝纤维、玄武岩纤维、玻璃棉其中任意一种纤维。
本发明的相变储能无机发泡保温板材的制作方法按下述步骤进行:
(1)分别取粉煤灰和二氧化硅粉碎过300~400目筛,制成粉料备用;
(2)按所述配比取相变调温骨料、水泥、粉煤灰粉料、二氧化硅粉料、矿物纤维和聚丙烯短纤维,置入搅拌机内加水混合搅拌3~5分钟,加水量按重量配比为:水∶原料总量=10∶2.5~3.5,制成混合浆料;
(3)按所述配比称取水泥发泡剂加水,在常温状态下经发泡机预发泡制成泡沫体,其中加水量按重量配比为:发泡剂∶水=1∶25,然后将泡沫体与混合浆料一起置入泡沫搅拌机内搅拌均匀,搅拌时间为5分钟,注入模具中在常温下固化成型,固化养护时间为14天,即可制得相变储能无机发泡复合保温板材。
本发明相变储能无机发泡复合保温板材的组分原料中采用了最新技术的相变调温骨料,该骨料不仅具有质量轻,强度高,蓄热、阻燃效果好等优点,特别是其内所含的相变材料,在设定的相变温度范围外能发生固态和液态的相变。当环境温度升高时,该相变材料将由固态向液态转变,并伴随吸收储存大量的热能;反之,环境温度降低时,该相变材料将由液态向固态转变,并向环境释放潜热,由此自然对室内环境的温度进行双向调节,起到优良的节能保温作用。采用的水泥在水泥发泡剂和稳定剂的作用下,使凝固后的板材形成泡沫状结构,既能减轻墙体的重量,又能大大增强隔热保温性能,同时水泥本身具有较强的水硬性和胶结特性。采用的粉煤灰能节约大量的水泥和细骨料,减少用水量,改善混凝土拌和物的和易性。采用的二氧化硅并制成粉料,具有较好的活性和较大的比表面积,能与其它原料很好地融合在一起,使制成的板材具有高强的特性。采用的矿物纤维和聚丙烯短纤维,主要是能够大大增加板材的抗拉、抗压强度,有效地防止板材的破碎和断裂,延长板材的使用寿命。该板材通过各组分原料及其反应的协同作用,相得益彰,充分保持并优化了各自的优良特性,而且所用均为无机矿物合成原料,因此使板材的节能、环保、防火阻燃、防水防潮、抗压、抗拉、抗老化,以及使用寿命等综合技术性能达到了较为理想的效果。
按照上述方案制作的相变储能无机发泡复合保温板材,可适用于建筑物外墙体的保温,其有益效果为:
(1)该板材的原料组分中加入的相变材料调温骨料,具有潜热高,相变过程可逆性好、膨胀收缩性小、过冷或过热现象少,相变温度范围在18~26℃,与人们生活环境适宜温度相适应,从而使制成的相变保温层具有良好的蓄热特性,能有效地改善室内的温度环境,节能效果显著。
(2)该板材的当量导热系数小于聚苯板的导热系数,与聚苯板相比承载力大,且与结构层结合紧密,不易发生龟裂现象,而且强度好、自重轻、环保性能好,其节能效果是聚苯板的1.3倍,能有效的避免在使用过程中的开裂、脱落现象,有效防止安全事故发生。
(3)该板材为绿色环保建材,无毒、无害、无污染,原料成本投入低,成本低廉,制作工序简单,可制成轻体保温隔墙板、保温外墙板、保温隔音隔热板等系列板材,市场需求广泛,应用面广。
具体实施方式
本发明的相变储能无机发泡复合保温板材及其制作方法,是发明人在长期实践经验总结的基础上,并通过对建筑材料学广泛而深细的研究和大量试验等创造性劳动的结晶成果,其各组分原料在下述重量份配比范围内均能得到较好的效果:相变调温骨料10~15份、水泥70~75份、氧化硅2~3份、粉煤灰3~5份、矿物纤维1~2份、聚丙烯短纤维0.1~0.2份、水泥发泡剂0.5~1份、稳定剂0.1~0.2份。其中矿物纤维可采用海泡石、硅酸铝纤维、玄武岩纤维、玻璃棉其中任意一种纤维;所用的“相变调温骨料”已在在先申请的“相变自调温外墙保温饰面砖及其制作方法”专利中详细介绍,专利申请号为200910066265.0,其原料配比及制作方法不再赘述。下面结合实施例对相变储能无机发泡保温板材的制作方法做进一步说明。
实施例1
在本发明的相变储能无机发泡水泥保温板材中,各原料的配比可以是:相变调温骨料10份、水泥70份、二氧化硅2份、粉煤灰3份、矿物纤维1份、聚丙烯短纤维0.1份、水泥发泡剂0.5份、稳定剂0.1份。
该发泡保温板材的制作可按下述方法进行:先分别取粉煤灰和二氧化硅,并粉碎过300~400目筛,制成粉料,以便增强其比表面积和活性,再按所述配比称取相变调温骨料、水泥、粉煤灰粉料、二氧化硅粉料、矿物纤维和聚丙烯短纤维,一起置入搅拌机内加水搅拌3~5分钟,使其充分混合,制成混合浆料,其中加水量按重量配比为:水∶原料总量=10∶2.5。然后,按所述配比称取水泥发泡剂加水,在常温状态下经发泡机预发泡制成泡沫体,其中加水量按重量配比为:发泡剂∶水=1∶25。最后,将泡沫体与混合浆料一起置入泡沫搅拌机内搅拌5分钟,混合均匀并使水泥充分发泡后,注入模具中在常温下固化成型,凝固养护14天,即可制得相变储能无机发泡复合保温板材。
实施例2
在本发明相变储能发泡水泥保温板材的制作中,各原料的配比也可以是:相变调温骨料12份、水泥72份、二氧化硅2.5份、粉煤灰4份、矿物纤维1.5份、聚丙烯短纤维0.15份、水泥发泡剂0.8份、稳定剂0.15份。其制作方法与实施例1基本相同,区别在于:制备混合浆料时的加水量按重量配比为:水∶原料总量=10∶3。
实施例3
在本发明相变储能发泡水泥保温板材的制作中,各原料的配比还可以是:相变调温骨料15份、水泥75份、二氧化硅3份、粉煤灰5份、矿物纤维2份、聚丙烯短纤维0.2份、水泥发泡剂1份、稳定剂0.2份。其制作方法与实施例1基本相同,区别在于:制备混合浆料时的加水量按重量配比为:水∶原料总量=10∶3.5。

Claims (6)

1.一种相变储能无机发泡复合保温板材,其特征在于:它是由以下重量份配比的原料制成,相变调温骨料10~15份、水泥70~75份、二氧化硅2~3份、粉煤灰3~5份、矿物纤维1~2份、聚丙烯短纤维0.1~0.2份、水泥发泡剂0.5~1份、稳定剂0.1~0.2份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的相变储能无机发泡复合保温板材,其特征在于:所述各组分原料的重量份配比是:相变调温骨料10份、水泥70份、二氧化硅2份、粉煤灰3份、矿物纤维1份、聚丙烯短纤维0.1份、水泥发泡剂0.5份、稳定剂0.1份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的相变储能无机发泡复合保温板材,其特征在于:所述各组分原料的重量份配比是:相变调温骨料12份、水泥72份、二氧化硅2.5份、粉煤灰4份、矿物纤维1.5份、聚丙烯短纤维0.15份、水泥发泡剂0.8份、稳定剂0.15份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的相变储能无机发泡复合保温板材,其特征在于:所述各组分原料的重量份配比是:相变调温骨料15份、水泥75份、二氧化硅3份、粉煤灰5份、矿物纤维2份、聚丙烯短纤维0.2份、水泥发泡剂1份、稳定剂0.2份。
5.根据权利要求1所述的相变储能无机发泡复合保温板材,其特征在于:所述矿物纤维采用海泡石、硅酸铝纤维、玄武岩纤维、玻璃棉其中任意一种纤维。
6.一种用于权利要求1所述相变储能无机发泡复合保温板材的制作方法,其特征在于:它是按以下步骤进行:
(1)分别取粉煤灰和二氧化硅粉碎过300~400目筛,制成粉料备用;
(2)按所述配比取相变调温骨料、水泥、粉煤灰粉料、二氧化硅粉料、矿物纤维和聚丙烯短纤维,置入搅拌机内加水混合搅拌3~5分钟,加水量按重量配比为:水∶原料总量=10∶2.5~3.5,制成混合浆料;
(3)按所述配比称取水泥发泡剂加水,在常温状态下经发泡机预发泡制成泡沫体,其中加水量按重量配比为:发泡剂∶水=1∶25,然后将泡沫体与混合浆料一起置入发泡搅拌机内搅拌均匀,搅拌时间为5分钟,最后取出并注入模具中在常温下固化成型,固化养护时间为14天,即可制得相变储能无机发泡复合保温板材。
CN2010101075562A 2010-02-09 2010-02-09 相变储能无机发泡复合保温板材及其制备方法 Expired - Fee Related CN101786841B (zh)

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