CN101776275A - Grate for biomass boiler - Google Patents
Grate for biomass boiler Download PDFInfo
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- CN101776275A CN101776275A CN201010101737.4A CN201010101737A CN101776275A CN 101776275 A CN101776275 A CN 101776275A CN 201010101737 A CN201010101737 A CN 201010101737A CN 101776275 A CN101776275 A CN 101776275A
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- floor
- blast cap
- fire grate
- air vent
- air
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Abstract
The invention provides a grate for a biomass boiler, which can supply air distinctively and is provided with an oxygenation area structure; the grate comprises a grate body for supporting and ventilation, and is characterized by comprising a plurality of rib plates and a plurality of water-cooled wall pipes; the rib plates and the water-cooled wall pipes are sequentially lined at intervals, and the rib plates are provided with vent holes; the density of the vent holes of the rib plates which are close to a feed opening and are far from the feed opening is smaller than the density of the vent holes in the middle part of the rib plates; the middle part of each rib plate is also provided with a plurality of hoods with cavities inside which protrude out of the surface of the rib plate; and the inside cavities of the hoods are communicated with the upper side and the lower side of the rib plate. The grate of the invention can increase an oxidation area but reduce a reduction area when the biomass on the grate is burned, and effectively improve the burning efficiency of the biomass.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the fire grate that uses on a kind of boiler, in particular, relate in particular to a kind of air feed of distinguishing and be provided with the fire grate that is used for biomass boiler that increases the oxide regions structure.
Background technology
China biomass fermentation power plant overwhelming majority adopts the vibrating grate boiler of technology transfer at present, its basic structure can be referring to the Fig. 1 in the Figure of description, a shown wind is by an air compartment 4, pass fire grate 3 behind two air compartments 5 and three air compartments 7 and enter boiler furnace 1, secondary wind directly enters boiler furnace 1 by overfire air port 18, but the burning of biomass vibration grate boiler and common grate firing boiler and chain-grate boiler have than big-difference, even very big difference is also arranged with China commonly used coal-fired vibrating grate boiler, therefore aspect operation, there is not any experience to seek substantially, the biomass vibration grate boiler of introducing is gone into operation, and the back ubiquity the loss of fuel gas uncombusted and the solid uncombusted loses the shared bigger situation of percentage, causes boiler efficiency lower.Table 1 is the tabulation of certain biomass fermentation power plant fuel gas uncombusted loss and two losses of solid uncombusted loss.
The important heat loss table of certain biomass boiler of table 1
By discovering, living beings can be divided into five zones at the combustion position of vibrating-grate stoker: fresh fuel zone 9, fugitive constituent are separated out zone 10, oxide regions 11, reduced zone 12 and after-flame zone 13, and its structural representation can be referring to the Fig. 2 in the Figure of description.There is very big difference in these several zones for the demand of air, do not need oxygen substantially in the fresh fuel zone, only need a small amount of wind to be used for the dried biomass material; It mainly is that living beings are separated out fuel gas and also do not needed a wind oxygen supply that fugitive constituent is separated out the zone, mainly contains secondary wind and supplies with oxygen in the burner hearth internal combustion; Need a wind to supply with sufficient oxygen in oxide regions, make burning acutely discharge a large amount of heats, and make char combustion in the bed material; And be that carbon dioxide reduction is become carbon monoxide and absorbs heat at reduced zone; Be that the after-flame zone mainly is the lime-ash that contains a small amount of uncompleted burned carbon in the back, this part needs minor amounts of oxygen, the size that can find out oxide regions thus is most important for efficiency of combustion, can be when the normal combustion situation, oxide regions is also little, especially after the fire grate vibration, fresh fuel zone and reduced zone become big, oxide regions can further be dwindled, make the reduction of fire grate temperature and then fire box temperature is also descended, this moment, biomass material discharged a large amount of fuel gas, and secondary air flow also fails in time to increase a large amount of fuel gas are wasted, and the chemical uncombusted loss of boiler is increased.
At present an air compartment of the biomass boiler that Capacity Ratio is bigger is separated as shown in Figure 1 in the Figure of description according to the combustion zone, generally is divided into an air compartment 4, two air compartments 5 and three air compartments 7, and controls baffle plate 6 by a wind and control air-supply respectively; An air compartment of smaller biomass boiler is not separated, unified air-supply, like this can not be according to the different and distinguishing air-supply of each regional required airflow, make the combustion zone (as oxide regions) that needs a large amount of oxygen, do not reach clean-burning purpose because of running out of sufficient oxygen, and do not need the zone (fresh fuel zone and fugitive constituent separate out the zone) of a wind oxygen supply gas substantially, supply with many air again and produced certain waste.But problem is, even after being divided into three air compartments, a wind in main combustion zone (as oxide regions) is still not enough or wind can not arrive the upper position of oxide regions on the fire grate, thereby cause oxide regions too small, reduced zone is excessive, the loss of fuel gas uncombusted is big, especially fire grate has just vibrated when having finished, entering and spreading out of a large amount of fresh fuels further reduces oxide regions, and at this moment combustion position is near the gasification of living beings, produce a large amount of CO and CmHn, and this moment, total blast volume did not increase, and the amount of oxygen in institute's air supply can not make CO and the complete after-flame of CmHn, thereby causes chemical imperfect combustion loss significantly to increase.Be exactly that the control characteristic of control baffle plate of each air compartment of present biomass vibration grate boiler is poor and break down easily in addition, some biomass electric power plant is in order to reduce fault rate, have to the air inlet adjustment baffle plate is removed, this situation has been aggravated the heat loss amount of living beings more.
By above analysis as can be known, causing one of the big main cause of present biomass boiler heat loss is that wind supply quantity and each combustion zone do not match, promptly can not be according to the difference of different combustion zones oxygen demand and distinguishing air feed; Another be the actual shared space proportion in each combustion zone with perfect condition under compare unbalanced.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned technical problem, a kind of air feed of distinguishing is provided and has been provided with the fire grate that is used for biomass boiler that increases the oxide regions structure.
For achieving the above object, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme:
The fire grate that is used for biomass boiler of the present invention, the fire grate body that has comprised support and draught effect, its special feature is: described fire grate body comprises some floors and some water screen tubes, and described floor and water screen tube are spaced successively, and described floor is provided with air vent; Described floor near charging aperture and away from the density of the air vent on the charging aperture position all less than the density of the air vent on the floor middle part, it is the blast cap of cavity that the middle part of described floor also is provided with the some inside that protrude in the floor surface, and the internal cavities of described blast cap is communicated in the upside and the downside of floor.Two-end part at the fire grate body, be near charging aperture with away from the position of charging aperture on the fire grate body, in the process that boiler uses, the oxygen demand of the residing fired state of living beings on these two positions is less, adopts the air vent of the less density oxygen demand that can furnish good supplies to; Being oxide regions and being positioned at the reduced zone on oxide regions top of the middle part correspondence of described floor, the blast cap of projection is set in the middle part of floor, can make reduced zone obtain more oxygen, thereby reach the purpose that increases oxide regions and reduce reduced zone, the thermal loss of useful minimizing living beings.
The fire grate that is used for biomass boiler of the present invention, spacing near the air vent on the charging aperture position on the described floor is the twice of the air vent spacing on the floor middle part, is 1.5 times of air vent spacing on the floor middle part away from the spacing of the air vent on the charging aperture position on the described floor.Basically separate out regional correspondingly with fresh fuel zone and fugitive constituent near the position of charging aperture on the floor, the oxygen demand in these two zones is minimum, and the density of air vent is elected as minimum; The floor middle part basically with oxide regions with to be positioned at the reduced zone on oxide regions top corresponding, oxygen demand maximum, the density of air vent are also maximum; Be the reduced zone of a whole after-flames zone and a less part basically away from the charging aperture The corresponding area on the floor, oxygen demand is placed in the middle, so the aforesaid air vent spacing ratio of employing.
The fire grate that is used for biomass boiler of the present invention, described blast cap is in the even setting in the middle part of floor and perpendicular to floor, described blast cap is the inner cylinder of cylindrical cavity that is, the upper surface sealing of described blast cap and the side of close upper surface are provided with some blast cap air vents.On the side of blast cap rather than upper surface, the blast cap air vent is set, can prevents effectively that the blast cap air vent is blocked, make the performance of ventilating of blast cap better.
The fire grate that is used for biomass boiler of the present invention, described blast cap air vent become loop shaped to distribute on the side of blast cap, and the quantity of described ring is 2 or 3.
The fire grate that is used for biomass boiler of the present invention, the diameter of described blast cap internal cavities is greater than the diameter of air vent.The blast cap internal cavities adopts bigger ventilation diameter, can increase the draught capacity of blast cap, more effectively air is sent to reducing zone.
The fire grate that is used for biomass boiler of the present invention, the fire grate body is provided with dust block board away from a side of charging aperture, and the height of described blast cap is not higher than the height of dust block board.Generally, the height of the living beings on fire grate body top is not more than the height of dust block board, and the height of assurance blast cap is not higher than dust block board can be realized being deep in the living beings from the gas that the blast cap internal cavities spreads out of, owing to reduce reduced zone.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the density of middle part air vent is greater than the density of its both ends air vent on the floor of fire grate body, and the oxide regions in the time of can making biomass combustion on the fire grate increases, thereby improves the efficiency of combustion of living beings; Middle part at the floor of fire grate body is provided with the blast cap that is used for air is guided to the higher position, has increased the oxide regions in the biomass combustion combustion process effectively and has reduced its reduced zone.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of biomass vibration grate boiler;
Fig. 2 is the combustion process subregion schematic diagram of biomass material on the vibrating-grate stoker;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of front view of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of left view of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of blast cap.
Among the figure: 1 boiler furnace, 2 charging gears, 3 fire grates, 4 one air compartments, 5 two air compartments, 6 wind control baffle plates, 7 three air compartments, 8 dust block boards, 9 fresh fuel zones, 10 fugitive constituents are separated out the zone, 11 oxide regions, 12 reduced zones, 13 after-flame zones, 14 water screen tubes, 15 air vents, 16 blast caps, 17 blast cap air vents, 18 overfire air ports, 19 floors, 20 charging apertures, 21 fire grate bodies.
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment.
Shown in Figure 1, shown vibrations furnace grate comprises the fire grate 3 that is arranged at boiler furnace 1 below, the left side of fire grate 3 is provided with charging gear 2 and overfire air port 18, the below of fire grate 3 is an air supply device, a shown air supply device comprises and the adjoining air compartment of the charging aperture 20 of charging gear 2, lay respectively at two air compartments 5 and three air compartments 7 under fire grate 3 middle parts and the right part, a shown air compartment 4, two air compartments 5 and three air compartments 7 are provided with 6, wind control panels 6 of a wind control panel and all are used to regulate the air quantity that enters an air compartment 4, two air compartments 5 and three air compartments 7.But to be the adjusting function of a wind control panel 6 poor and break down easily for the shortcoming one that adopts the boiler of this version, the 2nd, though the form of an elegance usefulness locellus air feed, but the heat loss of biomass boiler is also bigger, can not reach ideal effect.Fig. 2 is the combustion process subregion schematic diagram of biomass material on the vibrating-grate stoker, if the efficiency of combustion of wanting as shown in Figure 2 to increase living beings just needs to increase the reduced zone 12 that is positioned at top, fire grate body middle part, make reduced zone 12 as much as possible be converted into oxide regions 11.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 have provided the structural representation that is used for the biomass boiler fire grate of the present invention, and as shown in Figure 3, shown fire grate body 21 comprises water screen tube 14 and the floor 19 that is provided with at interval successively, and water screen tube 14 and floor 19 are formed the version of one; Shown fire grate body 21 tops are near the charging aperture 20 of charging gear 2, the bottom of shown fire grate body 21 is away from the charging aperture 20 of charging gear 2, if an air feed adopts the form of subregion, then the upper position of fire grate body 21 is corresponding with an air compartment 4 zones, the lower position of fire grate body 21 is corresponding with three air compartments, 7 zones, and the medium position of fire grate body 21 is corresponding with two air compartments, 5 zones.Be provided with the air vent 15 of some on shown some the floors 19, on the floor 19 near charging aperture 20 and away from the density of the air vent 15 at charging aperture 20 positions all less than the density of the air vent 15 at floor 19 medium position places, if one time air feed carries out under the situation of locellus, the density that is air vent 15 on fire grate body 21 and an air compartment 4 zones and three air compartments, the 7 regional corresponding positions is all seen empty 15 density less than fire grate body 21 and the locational ventilation of two air compartments, 5 area relative, the spacing of the air vent 15 at the position of close charging aperture 20 is twices of the spacing of the air vent 15 on floor 19 medium positions on the floor 19, are 1.5 times of spacing of the air vent 15 on floor 19 medium positions away from the spacing of the air vent 15 on charging aperture 20 positions on the shown floor 19, air vent 15 adopts the setting of this distribution form, can reasonably reasonably be assigned to fresh fuel zone 9 to the air quantity of an air feed, fugitive constituent is separated out zone 10, oxide regions 11, reduced zone 12, after-flame zone 13 can effectively increase the oxide regions 11 in the biomass combustion process.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, be provided with some blast caps 16 uniformly on the medium position of shown dust block board 8 (being the medium position of floor 19), shown in blast cap 16 be positioned at this regional air vent 15 and be provided with at interval, blast cap 16 is the inner drum of cavity and perpendicular with floor that is, blast cap 16 internal cavities bottoms are connected with the air feed cavity of a wind, blast cap 16 is a hermetically-sealed construction away from the surface of floor, be provided with some blast cap air vents 17 near the apical position place on blast cap 16 sides, these some air vents 17 become loop shaped to distribute on blast cap 16, the number of turns is two circle or three circles, blast cap air vent 17 is arranged on the side of blast cap 16, can prevent effectively that living beings from entering the cavity of blast cap 16 inside and the blast cap 16 that results in blockage; The diameter of the internal cavities of shown blast cap 16 has good performance of ventilating greater than the aperture of air vent 15 to guarantee it; The height of blast cap should guarantee to be not more than the height of dust block board 8, so that the height of blast cap 16 is no more than the height that is positioned at the living beings on the fire grate 3.Medium position place at floor 19 is provided with blast cap 16, can effectively be fed to reduced zone 12 places that are positioned at living beings oxide regions 11 tops to air, can reduce living beings at the reduced zone 12 that burnt in claiming, make its oxide regions 11 that is converted into as much as possible, improved the efficiency of combustion of living beings.
The fire grate that is used for biomass boiler of the present invention is used to provide the passage of a wind also can not carry out subregion by subregion at the title of crossing that uses, and all can reach result of use preferably.About the blast cap described in the embodiment 16 is vertical with floor 19, be preferred scheme, blast cap 16 is vertical with floor 19 and adopt other forms of angle can yet.
Claims (6)
1. fire grate that is used for biomass boiler, the fire grate body (21) that has comprised support and draught effect, it is characterized in that: described fire grate body (21) comprises some floors (19) and some water screen tubes (4), described floor and water screen tube are spaced successively, and described floor (19) is provided with air vent (15); Described floor near charging aperture (20) and away from the density of the air vent (15) on charging aperture (20) position all less than the density of the air vent on the floor middle part (15), the middle part of described floor (19) also is provided with the blast cap (16) that the some inside that protrude in the floor surface are cavity, and the internal cavities of described blast cap (16) is communicated in the upside and the downside of floor.
2. the fire grate that is used for biomass boiler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the spacing that described floor (19) is gone up near the air vent (15) on charging aperture (20) position is the twice of the air vent spacing on the floor middle part, is 1.5 times of air vent spacing on the floor middle part away from the spacing of the air vent on the charging aperture position on the described floor.
3. the fire grate that is used for biomass boiler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described blast cap (16) is in the even setting in the middle part of floor and perpendicular to floor (19), described blast cap (16) is the inner cylinder of cylindrical cavity that is, the upper surface sealing of described blast cap (16) and the side of close upper surface are provided with some blast cap air vents (17).
4. the fire grate that is used for biomass boiler according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described blast cap air vent (17) becomes loop shaped to distribute on the side of blast cap, and the quantity of described ring is 2 or 3.
5. the fire grate that is used for biomass boiler according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the diameter of described blast cap (16) internal cavities is greater than the diameter of air vent (15).
6. the fire grate that is used for biomass boiler according to claim 1 is characterized in that: fire grate body (21) is provided with dust block board (8) away from a side of charging aperture (20), and the height of described blast cap (16) is not higher than the height of dust block board (8).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010101737.4A CN101776275A (en) | 2010-01-28 | 2010-01-28 | Grate for biomass boiler |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010101737.4A CN101776275A (en) | 2010-01-28 | 2010-01-28 | Grate for biomass boiler |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101776275A true CN101776275A (en) | 2010-07-14 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010101737.4A Pending CN101776275A (en) | 2010-01-28 | 2010-01-28 | Grate for biomass boiler |
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| CN (1) | CN101776275A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105526600A (en) * | 2015-12-12 | 2016-04-27 | 湖南凯伦堡竹麻科技有限公司 | Method of transforming coal-fired boiler to biomass boiler |
| CN108870741A (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2018-11-23 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of small-sized automatic feed biological substance shaped granule hot air furnace device and method |
| CN113531555A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-10-22 | 江苏宝哥环保科技有限公司 | Four-time combustion garbage incineration smokeless environment-friendly boiler |
-
2010
- 2010-01-28 CN CN201010101737.4A patent/CN101776275A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105526600A (en) * | 2015-12-12 | 2016-04-27 | 湖南凯伦堡竹麻科技有限公司 | Method of transforming coal-fired boiler to biomass boiler |
| CN108870741A (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2018-11-23 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of small-sized automatic feed biological substance shaped granule hot air furnace device and method |
| CN113531555A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-10-22 | 江苏宝哥环保科技有限公司 | Four-time combustion garbage incineration smokeless environment-friendly boiler |
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Open date: 20100714 |