CN101710148A - Current transformer and current detection system - Google Patents
Current transformer and current detection system Download PDFInfo
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- CN101710148A CN101710148A CN200910188768A CN200910188768A CN101710148A CN 101710148 A CN101710148 A CN 101710148A CN 200910188768 A CN200910188768 A CN 200910188768A CN 200910188768 A CN200910188768 A CN 200910188768A CN 101710148 A CN101710148 A CN 101710148A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a current transformer with a sensing head which comprises a giant magnetostrictive material and two fiber gratings, wherein the fiber gratings are respectively positioned at the upper surface and the lower surface of the giant magnetostrictive material and are intercrossed at different surface layers of the giant magnetostrictive material. The invention further discloses a current detection system; according to the embodiment of the invention, linear, efficient and stable working state of the giant magnetostrictive material and the fiber gratings is acquired by means of temperature compensation via two fiber gratings, and the test result is good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electronic application field, relate in particular to a kind of current transformer and current detecting system.
Background technology
Optical current mutual inductor can be divided into active type and passive according to mutual inductor part needs power supply whether.Passive is the photoelectric current measurement mechanism that mutual inductor does not partly have the power supply power supply, it with optical element as current sensing, when the light wave of propagating in external information and the optical medium takes place to interact, to change certain parameter (as intensity, frequency, wavelength, phase place or polarization state etc.) of light wave, promptly utilize this parameter to external world information modulated.At present existing intensity modulation type, phase modulation-type and the passive photoelectric current inductor of polarization state modulation type come out.But because the stability and the reliability of optical element itself, and the characteristics that are easy to be affected by the external environment, the practical research of optical current mutual inductor is made slow progress.
What occur the earliest is the optical current mutual inductor of polarization state modulation type, work based on the Faraday magnetooptical effect principle, when linearly polarized light when placing the magneto-optic memory technique in magnetic field, the linear polarization polarization surface will be linearly along with the magnetic field size that is parallel to radiation direction rotates, by measuring the variation of through-flow conductor circumferential wire polarized light plane of polarization, measure the current value in the conductor indirectly.This method also is the optical current mutual inductor that trends towards practicability now most, and the characteristics of this method are that the linearity is good, and sensitivity is higher, good insulation preformance.And shortcoming is the influence that accuracy and stability are subjected to temperature, vibration.
Another method is based on the hybrid optical current transformer of electromagnetic induction, mainly be to adopt traditional current transformer or hollow mutual inductor (Rogowski coil) sampling transmission line choke, utilize active device modulation sampled signal, with optical fiber as the signal transmission medium, the optical signal transmission of high-pressure side conversion is carried out signal Processing to receiver side, thereby obtain tested current information.Utilize electromagnetic transformer as sensing head, its signal is arrived the pulpit by Optical Fiber Transmission.It both can solve the high pressure isolating problem, made system simply compact again.Modulation to light signal can be adopted several different methods such as frequency modulation (PFM), wavelength-modulated and intensity modulated.Optical fiber is not used as sensing element as the signal transmission medium, thus temperature and the vibration problem of having avoided optical sensing head to exist.But the sensing head of this method is an active structure, and electric power need be provided, and this is a difficulty, and when electric current hour, the sampling sensitivity of Rogowski coil current mutual inductor is less relatively, it is very weak that the voltage signal of output becomes.It also is the difficult point problem that Rogowski coil current mutual inductor faces that feeble signal during little electric current is handled.The Faraday electromagnetic induction principle is the sensing basis of Rogowski coil current mutual inductor in addition, this has just determined not energy measurement steady direct current of Rogowski coil current mutual inductor, for changing component more slowly,, can not guarantee measuring accuracy such as aperiodic component.
A kind of optical fiber Bragg raster and giant magnetostrictive material of utilizing now newly occur and cooperated the method for carrying out current measurement, the ultimate principle characteristic that to be the center wavelength shift of utilizing optical fiber Bragg raster be directly proportional within the specific limits with its axial strain, allow tested electric current change into magnetic field by solenoid, the action of a magnetic field changes into the deformation of material in being placed on wherein giant magnetostrictive material, this deformation effect is on the Bragg fiber grating, make the Bragg fiber grating be subjected to axial strain, make the Bragg wavelength change, just can further measure the magnitude of current by measuring the center wavelength shift of Bragg fiber grating.The advantage of this method is itself to be that wavelength is measured, so do not have the linear birefrigence problem and the polarization state variation issue of other measuring method, but this method exists response linearity not enough and affected by magnetic fields problem such as magnetic hysteresis effect arranged, simultaneously because Bragg fiber grating temperature influence centre wavelength also can produce skew, and giant magnetostrictive material, adhesive materials etc. are heated and also can produce expansion, the skew that this expansion also can bring the axial strain of Bragg fiber grating to bring Bragg fiber grating centre wavelength, so these all can have influence on stability and trueness error rate in the measuring process.
Summary of the invention
In view of above-mentioned existing in prior technology problem, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of current transformer and current detecting system, by the design of double optical fiber grating mutual inductor, has solved in the prior art problem of stability and trueness error rate in the measuring process.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the embodiment of the invention has proposed a kind of current transformer, comprise sensing head, described sensing head comprises giant magnetostrictive material and two fiber gratings, described fiber grating lays respectively at the upper surface and the lower surface of giant magnetostrictive material, and described two fiber gratings intersect at the different table surface layer of giant magnetostrictive material mutually.
Accordingly, the invention allows for a kind of current detecting system, comprise wideband light source equipment, checkout equipment, current transformer, described wideband light source equipment is connected with mutual inductor by coupling mechanism with checkout equipment, described current transformer comprises sensing head, described sensing head comprises giant magnetostrictive material and two fiber gratings, and described fiber grating lays respectively at the upper surface and the lower surface of giant magnetostrictive material, and described two fiber gratings intersect at the different table surface layer of giant magnetostrictive material mutually.
Implement the embodiment of the invention, present embodiment comes the design current mutual inductor by the good strain sensing characteristic of optical fiber Bragg raster and the good telescopicing performance of giant magnetostrictive material, carry out temperature compensation by double optical fiber grating, make fiber grating and magnetostriction materials obtain linear, efficiently, stable duty, test result is good.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the current detecting system in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of sensing head in the current transformer in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 applies the stressing equipment structural representation for the current transformer in the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of current transformer and current detecting system, by the design of double optical fiber grating mutual inductor, has solved in the prior art problem of stability and trueness error rate in the measuring process.。
Describe the preferred embodiments of the present invention in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
At first see also Fig. 1, Fig. 1 shows the structural representation of the current detecting system in the invention process, this current detecting system has comprised wideband light source equipment 101, checkout equipment 102, current transformer 104, coupling mechanism 103, sensed current 106, wherein: current transformer 104 is used to respond to sensed current 106 current signals, and wideband light source equipment 101 is used for providing wideband light source to current transformer.The current transformer 104 here comprises sensing head, this sensing head comprises giant magnetostrictive material and two fiber gratings, this fiber grating lays respectively at the upper surface and the lower surface of giant magnetostrictive material, and these two fiber gratings intersect at the different table surface layer of giant magnetostrictive material mutually.
After broadband optical signal produces from broadband light source 101, pass through Optical Fiber Transmission, enter into splitting ratio and be and tell one road light behind 1: 1 the coupling mechanism and arrive sensor, the optical fiber Bragg raster reflection is satisfied the light wave of Bragg wavelength condition and is got back to coupling mechanism 103, coupling mechanism 103 is told the detected equipment 102 of one road light and is detected the records center wavelength.In current transformer 104 parts, along with the electric current difference that loads, the magnetic field difference that coil produces, the stroke difference of the giant magnetostrictive material on the current transformer 104, the dependent variable that is transmitted to optical fiber Bragg raster like this is just different, the Bragg wavelength of corresponding fiber grating will change, and by observing the data that spectrometer records, just can see measured and the relation Bragg wavelength variations.
Need to prove, the current transformer 104 here can directly be responded to the magnetic field of the current signal generation at sensed current 106 places, also the current signal of sensed current 106 can be produced a stable magnetic field by solenoid 105, current transformer 104 is placed in the solenoid 105.Need to prove that the checkout equipment 102 here is a spectrometer.
The magnitude of current that the magnetic field of solenoid 105 generations here and solenoid 105 are passed through is linear relation, the stroke of giant magnetostrictive material and magnetic field size are linear in certain limit, and the skew of the Bragg wavelength of dependent variable and fiber grating also is linear relation, so finally can record the DC current that loads on the solenoid according to the variation of spectrometer.If heavy current is passed through solenoid 105, the number of turn of solenoid 105 can reduce accordingly so, makes the magnetic field that produces still remain in certain scope, makes that in this scope the stroke of giant magnetostrictive material is still linear with magnetic field.
Accordingly, Fig. 2 shows the structural representation of sensing head in the current transformer in the embodiment of the invention, what sensing head adopted in the embodiment of the invention is square giant magnetostrictive material and two Bragg fiber gratings, the fiber grating that will be used to measure is pasted along the H direction of giant magnetostrictive material, with other one fiber grating that is used as compensation along pasting with the perpendicular direction of H direction.
Because the magnetic field intensity of electric current and generation is directly proportional, magnetic field intensity acts on the magnetostriction materials, the deformation and the magnetic field intensity of material are directly proportional, on the fiber grating of the deformation effect of material on be attached to material, the drift of the centre wavelength of deformation and fiber grating reflection is directly proportional, utilize spectrometer measurement to the drift value of centre wavelength can measure the current value that produces magnetic field.Implement technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention, the centre wavelength drift of fiber grating also can be subjected to extraneous influence of temperature variation except the deformation influence that is subjected to magnetostriction materials, and temperature itself also can cause magnetostriction materials to produce deformation, the embodiment of the invention is by double optical fiber grating (two gratings doing of optical fiber the inside, reflection kernel wavelength difference, but material is identical, so physical property is identical) quadrature is attached to the way on the two sides of foursquare magnetostriction materials, measurement result is centre wavelength drift value poor of two fiber gratings, can effectively eliminate Temperature Influence like this (because temperature is the same to the influence of two fiber gratings and magnetostriction materials, can be by subtracting each other elimination) and since the temperature effect deformation factor become oppositely, so also strengthen magnetostrictive deformation quantity, so just can to a certain degree improve measuring accuracy.
Accordingly, Fig. 3 shows that current transformer applies the stressing equipment structural representation in the embodiment of the invention, owing to need on the H of giant magnetostrictive material direction, add uniform power, make that the pressure that is applied on these two rectangular surfaces is more even, and be contact with face giant magnetostrictive material is exerted pressure of face, the prestress that applies that needs the certain structure design, this stressing equipment left side is a screw, place a brute spring in the spiral shell chamber, the right-hand placement of spring one plane (left plane), twist screws pressuring spring, spring promote left plane, are another plane (right plane) on mechanism the right, giant magnetostrictive material is clamped on two planes, the part that right plane links to each other with mechanism adopts two semi circular surfaces, makes its adjustable angle to make that like this plane of right plane and giant magnetostrictive material is that uniform face contacts.Can control the size of the power of left plane compressing giant magnetostrictive material by the amount of adjusting screw, thereby control the pressure that is applied on the giant magnetostrictive material.Because the elasticity coefficient of screw is known, the amount by its deformation and the lateral area of giant magnetostrictive material can be in the hope of being applied to the pressure on the giant magnetostrictive material under the various pressure condition, and then measure the situation of the magnetostriction coefficient under various pressure conditions.Yet contact fully to ideally owing to consider two planes, actual contact still be a line or non-plane completely, so not quantitative gaging pressure and pressure size of this paper, just carried out observational measurement along the screw direction, find to make the pressure of magnetostriction coefficient maximum, and under this pressure, carry out other various tests.
Need to prove that the giant magnetostrictive material in the embodiment of the invention can be the terbium dysprosium ferrum magnetostriction alloy, also can be the alloy of alternate manner.
Implement the embodiment of the invention, present embodiment comes the design current mutual inductor by the good strain sensing characteristic of optical fiber Bragg raster and the good telescopicing performance of giant magnetostrictive material, carry out temperature compensation by double optical fiber grating, make fiber grating and magnetostriction materials obtain linear, efficiently, stable duty, test result is good.
Above disclosed only is a kind of preferred embodiment in the embodiment of the invention, can not limit the present invention's interest field certainly with this, and therefore the equivalent variations of doing according to claim of the present invention still belongs to the scope that the present invention is contained.
Claims (10)
1. current transformer, comprise sensing head, it is characterized in that, described sensing head comprises giant magnetostrictive material and two fiber gratings, described fiber grating lays respectively at the upper surface and the lower surface of giant magnetostrictive material, and described two fiber gratings intersect at the different table surface layer of giant magnetostrictive material mutually.
2. current transformer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described giant magnetostrictive material is the terbium dysprosium ferrum magnetostriction alloy.
3. current transformer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described two fiber gratings are arranged in same optical fiber, and described optical fiber connects wideband light source equipment and checkout equipment respectively by coupling mechanism.
4. as each described current transformer of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that described sensing head comprises that also one is used for face-to-face contact and applies stressing equipment to what giant magnetostrictive material was exerted pressure.
5. current detecting system, comprise wideband light source equipment, checkout equipment, current transformer, described wideband light source equipment is connected with mutual inductor by coupling mechanism with checkout equipment, it is characterized in that, described current transformer comprises sensing head, described sensing head comprises giant magnetostrictive material and two fiber gratings, and described fiber grating lays respectively at the upper surface and the lower surface of giant magnetostrictive material, and described two fiber gratings intersect at the different table surface layer of giant magnetostrictive material mutually.
6. current detecting system as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, described two fiber gratings are arranged in same optical fiber, and described optical fiber connects wideband light source equipment and checkout equipment respectively by coupling mechanism.
7. current detecting system as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, described giant magnetostrictive material is the terbium dysprosium ferrum magnetostriction alloy.
8. current detecting system as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, described sensing head comprises that also one is used for face-to-face contact and applies stressing equipment to what giant magnetostrictive material was exerted pressure.
9. as each described current detecting system of claim 5 to 8, it is characterized in that described current detecting system also comprises a solenoid, described current transformer is placed in the described solenoid.
10. current detecting system as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, described checkout equipment is a spectrometer.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910188768A CN101710148A (en) | 2009-12-09 | 2009-12-09 | Current transformer and current detection system |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910188768A CN101710148A (en) | 2009-12-09 | 2009-12-09 | Current transformer and current detection system |
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| CN101710148A true CN101710148A (en) | 2010-05-19 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102608380A (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2012-07-25 | 曲阜师范大学 | Self-induced photoelectric mixed current transformer |
| CN103278680A (en) * | 2013-06-03 | 2013-09-04 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Current transformer based on optical fiber optical gratings and magnetostriction materials and capable of achieving temperature compensation and current detection method thereof |
| CN104198789A (en) * | 2014-09-11 | 2014-12-10 | 国家电网公司 | Optical fiber current transformer based on magnetostrictive effect |
| CN107402320A (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2017-11-28 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of reflection-type intensity modulated multi-core fiber current sensing system |
| CN108053656A (en) * | 2017-11-19 | 2018-05-18 | 昆明创培知识产权服务有限公司 | A kind of detection method of urban road traffic flow |
| CN109813950A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-05-28 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of fiber bragg grating current transformer based on giant magnetostrictive material |
-
2009
- 2009-12-09 CN CN200910188768A patent/CN101710148A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102608380A (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2012-07-25 | 曲阜师范大学 | Self-induced photoelectric mixed current transformer |
| CN103278680A (en) * | 2013-06-03 | 2013-09-04 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Current transformer based on optical fiber optical gratings and magnetostriction materials and capable of achieving temperature compensation and current detection method thereof |
| CN104198789A (en) * | 2014-09-11 | 2014-12-10 | 国家电网公司 | Optical fiber current transformer based on magnetostrictive effect |
| CN104198789B (en) * | 2014-09-11 | 2015-08-05 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of optical fiber current mutual inductor based on magnetostrictive effect |
| CN107402320A (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2017-11-28 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of reflection-type intensity modulated multi-core fiber current sensing system |
| CN108053656A (en) * | 2017-11-19 | 2018-05-18 | 昆明创培知识产权服务有限公司 | A kind of detection method of urban road traffic flow |
| CN109813950A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-05-28 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of fiber bragg grating current transformer based on giant magnetostrictive material |
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Open date: 20100519 |