CN101699267A - Loading device for testing concrete chloride ion permeability by coulometry and testing method thereof - Google Patents
Loading device for testing concrete chloride ion permeability by coulometry and testing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101699267A CN101699267A CN200910184937A CN200910184937A CN101699267A CN 101699267 A CN101699267 A CN 101699267A CN 200910184937 A CN200910184937 A CN 200910184937A CN 200910184937 A CN200910184937 A CN 200910184937A CN 101699267 A CN101699267 A CN 101699267A
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Abstract
The invention provides a loading device for testing concrete chloride ion permeability by coulometry. A steel bottom plate is provided with two screw holes; two parallel screws are inserted into the screw holes; an underdraught steel plate, an overdraught steel plate and a top plate which are parallel to the steel bottom plate are sleeved on the screws sequentially; a jack is arranged between the top plate and the overdraught steel plate; a dynamometer is arranged between the overdraught steel plate and the underdraught steel plate; the steel bottom plate is provided with a convex steel support upwards; the underdraught steel plate is provided with a convex steel pressing head downwards; a overdraught steel plate positioning bolt cap is sleeved on one screw on the upper part of the overdraught steel plate; and a top plate positioning bolt cap is sleeved on the other screw on the upper part of the top plate. The invention also provides a method for testing the concrete chloride ion permeability by the coulometry by utilizing the loading device. The loading device solves problems that the conventional concrete chloride ion permeability testing device cannot apply bending loads on tested pieces, cannot simulate the actual load-up condition of in-service concrete members, and cannot measure the concrete chloride ion penetrability under the condition of the bending loads.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the charger of permeability of concrete chloride ions coulometry test, be specifically related to a kind of concrete that makes and be under the bending load condition charger that it is carried out the test of chloride ion permeability coulometry, the invention still further relates to the method for testing of utilizing this charger.
Background technology
Chloride ion permeability is the important indicator that characterizes concrete permeability, also is to be used for the corrosion proof important symbol of reinforcing bar in the higher environment of chloride ion content (as sea port dock, underground works, water conservancy project structures and the coastland reinforced concrete pole) reinforced concrete.At present the assay method of the permeability of concrete chloride ions that adopts mainly contains coulometry and chlorion transfer method fast, but tested test specimen does not relate to the effect of load in two kinds of methods.Yet actual in commission concrete, not only standing hydraulic pressure and chlorine ion concentration difference etc. influences the effect of the extraneous factor of chloride permeability, as the osmosis that sea port dock berth crossbeam often bears bending load and seawater and chlorion simultaneously, reinforced concrete pole is the erosion action of load and surperficial chlorion by bending then.Load tends to influence the generation and the expansion of microfracture in the concrete, influences concrete perviousness, comprises chloride ion permeability.Many countries adopt by U.S. material standard and the test standard (ASTM C1202) that is used to estimate concrete opposing chloride permeability ability that association formulated, it is the DC voltage that applies 60V at the concrete sample two ends of Φ 95 * 50mm, estimate concrete perviousness by detecting the electric weight size that flows through in the 6h, equipment therefor and method are not considered, can't be realized tested test specimen is applied bending load simultaneously yet.Therefore, owing to be subjected to the restriction of conventional test device, the method for testing of permeability of concrete chloride ions under the bending load condition is still blank.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of and can apply bending load, be used for the charger of coulometry test permeability of concrete chloride ions concrete.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the method for utilizing this charger to carry out the test of permeability of concrete chloride ions coulometry.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: permeability of concrete chloride ions coulometry loading device for testing, steel sole plate is provided with two screws, insert two parallel screw rods in the screw, be with successively on the described screw rod and parallel with described steel sole plate press down steel plate, go up compressed steel plate and top board;
Be provided with lifting jack between top board and the last compressed steel plate; Last compressed steel plate and press down and be provided with dynamometer between the steel plate, described dynamometer comprises pressure transducer and Displaying Meter;
On the steel sole plate to the bridle iron that is provided with protrusion; Press down on the steel plate to the steel pressure head that is arranged with protrusion; Be with compressed steel plate bolt cap on the screw rod on last compressed steel plate top, be with top board bolt cap on the screw rod on top board top.
Two screws on the steel sole plate are symmetricly set on the two ends of described steel sole plate; Described bridle iron is two, is symmetricly set between two screws.
Described steel pressure head is two, is separately positioned on described two the screw socket places that steel plate is connected with described screw rod that press down.
The principle of work of charger of the present invention is: apply the pressure load by the jack pair top board, the pressure size is measured by dynamometer; The pressure that lifting jack produces is applied to the concrete sample two ends by last compressed steel plate, dynamometer, the steel pressure head that presses down steel plate, and the effect of two parallel steel pressure heads and two parallel bridle irons makes concrete sample be subjected to two equal concentrated bending loads of three branch places effect between fulcrum; When dynamometer display setting force value, tighten compression steel plate bolt cap, this moment, concrete sample just bore stable bending load.
Another object of the present invention is achieved in that the method for utilizing above-mentioned charger to carry out the test of permeability of concrete chloride ions coulometry, carries out as follows:
Two steel pressure heads and two bridle iron actings in conjunction make concrete sample be subjected to two equal concentrated bending loads of three branch places effect between fulcrum on described concrete sample;
Test presses the size of load to be calculated as follows:
In the formula: load (N) is pressed in the P-test; f
t-concrete sample bending strength (MPa); η-setting stress level (%); B-specimen width (mm); H-test specimen height (mm); Distance (mm) between increased pressure board two pressure heads under the l-;
Step 2, the belt electrode test flume of concrete permeability electric pilot is installed on two relative sides of concrete sample, in anodal test flume, inject NaOH solution, in the negative pole test flume, inject NaCl solution, adopt 50～120V direct current, the electric weight by concrete sample in the stipulated time when testing differently curved load action;
Measure record current initial reading I
0, measure record current reading I every 15min later on
i-inferior, until 6h, be calculated as follows the total electric weight Q that passes through concrete sample in the 6h:
In the formula: the total electric weight (C) that passes through concrete sample in the Q-6h;
I
iThe current indication that-Di records for i time (A);
I
I-1The current indication that-Di records for i-1 time (A);
By following formula total electric weight being converted to specimen thickness is 50mm, the equivalent energising amount when DC voltage is 60V:
In the formula: Q
ePass through the equivalent energising amount (C) of concrete sample in the-6h;
B-prism concrete sample thickness (mm);
V-DC voltage (V);
Get on the same group 3 test specimens by when the mean value of volume and electricity,, press the chloride ion permeability of table 1 evaluation concrete under this loaded state as the equivalent energising amount of this group test specimen.
Table 1 is based on the chloride ion permeability of equivalent energising amount
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
Therefore 1, permeability of concrete chloride ions coulometry loading device for testing of the present invention has solved conventional testing permeability of concrete chloride ions device and can not apply bending load, can not simulate at labour concrete component real load state, can't measure the problem of permeability of concrete chloride ions under the bending load condition test specimen;
2, permeability of concrete chloride ions coulometry loading device for testing of the present invention is simple in structure, easy to operate, and load is stablized, can be shown in real time in the test process, and can adjust at any time on demand, load step by step, and test result is stable, reliable;
3, the inventive method adopts the equivalent electric weight to characterize the chloride ion permeability of concrete under this loaded state, has solved the comparability problem to different specimen thickness, different test voltage measurement results;
4, the inventive method adopts the bending load charger concrete sample to be applied the bending load of different sizes, can study of the influence of bending load condition to permeability of concrete chloride ions, thereby disclose concrete permeability development law under the multifactor combination condition, micromechanism of damage and combination mechanism, if be applied to actual engineering, the design, Gernral Check-up and the reinforcing that can be xoncrete structure provide foundation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of permeability of concrete chloride ions coulometry loading device for testing of the present invention;
Fig. 2 (a) is the permeability of concrete chloride ions coulometry proving installation assembling synoptic diagram that straight four prisms cylinder concrete sample and permeability of concrete chloride ions electric pilot test flume are installed;
Fig. 2 (b) is the left view of Fig. 2 (a);
Fig. 3 (a) is the organigram with the steel sole plate of two parallel bridle irons;
Fig. 3 (b) is the left view of Fig. 3 (a);
Fig. 4 (a) is the organigram that presses down steel plate of two ends band steel pressure head;
Fig. 4 (b) is the left view of Fig. 4 (a);
Among the figure: 1, steel sole plate; 2, screw rod; 3, press down steel plate; 4, dynamometer; 5, go up the compressed steel plate; 6, go up compressed steel plate bolt cap; 7, lifting jack; 8, top board; 9, top board bolt cap; 10, concrete sample; 11, the belt electrode test flume of concrete permeability electric pilot; 12, bridle iron; 13, steel pressure head.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the mode by embodiment is elaborated to technical solution of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to described embodiment.
The coulometry loading device for testing and the loading method of permeability of concrete chloride ions under the bending load effect
Permeability of concrete chloride ions coulometry loading device for testing, it is by constituting with the pressing down steel plate 3, dynamometer (containing pressure transducer and Displaying Meter) 4, go up compressed steel plate 5, go up compressed steel plate bolt cap 6 of the steel sole plate 1 of two parallel bearings 12, screw rod 2, two ends band steel pressure head 13, lifting jack 7, top board 8 and top board bolt cap 9;
With two long 700mm, the screw rod 2 of M24 is screwed into two screws of steel sole plate, screw rod 2 is passed prism concrete sample 10 respectively, presses down steel plate 3, adding compressed steel 3 middles placement maximum range down is the ergographic sensor 4 of 30kN, screw rod 2 is penetrated increased pressure board 5, screw on and go up increased pressure board bolt cap 6, in the middle of last increased pressure board positive 5, place 30kN lifting jack 7, again screw rod 2 is penetrated top board 8, the top board set bolt cap 9 of screwing on.Go up increased pressure board 5 pressurizations with 7 pairs of lifting jack, the pressure size is shown by the dynamometer display instrument, when reaching 7840N, tightens compressed steel plate bolt cap 6, and press down this moment bears the 7840N pressure stable on the steel plate 3; Two pressure heads that press down on the steel plate 3 apply 3920N stable and uniform pressure respectively to prism concrete sample 10 two ends, under acting in the two parallel bearings on steel sole plate 1, the uniform bend tension stress of 3.36MPa is born in the 100mm width model position in the concrete sample middle part.
Utilize the described device of present embodiment can effectively carry out the coulometry test of concrete for hydraulic structure chloride ion permeability under the bending load condition.
Embodiment 2
Complicated coulometry method of testing of pressing concrete for hydraulic structure chloride ion permeability under the loading condition
With PII 42.5 class g cements, artificial rubble of ls that modulus of fineness is 2.4 river sand, maximum particle diameter is 20mm and tap water are by match ratio concrete batching shown in the table, be molded into the prism concrete sample of 100mm * 70mm * 400mm, 21 test specimens of each proportioning.Test specimen maintenance in concrete standard fog room water in the test specimen of each proportioning, is got 3 and is measured 4 bending strengths after 28 days, the reference of loading size when carrying out the chloride ion permeability test as all the other test specimens.
Table 2 concrete mix and test specimen bending strength
Each proportioning is divided into 6 groups, is respectively 0,20% by the bending load level, and 40%, 50%, 60%, 70% six kind of load mode is measured, and measures 3 test specimens for every group.
Step 1: by embodiment 1 described method prism concrete sample (10) is installed on charger and sets the horizontal load application of requirement bending load by test, apply at every turn and press payload values to be calculated as follows:
Step 2: the electroded test flume (11) of a pair of concrete permeability electric pilot is installed on the relative free face of test specimen two.In anodal test flume, fill with 0.3mol/LNaOH solution, in the negative pole test flume, fill with 3%NaCl solution, the both positive and negative polarity of test flume is connected with the concrete permeability electric pilot, energized, above-mentioned two test flume positive and negative electrodes are applied 80V direct current constant voltage, measure record current initial reading I0, measure record current reading I every 10min later on
iOnce, until 6h.Be calculated as follows the total electric weight Q that passes through concrete sample in the 6h:
In the formula: the total electric weight (C) that passes through concrete sample in the Q-6h; I
iThe current indication that-Di records for i time (A).
Press following formula total energising amount Q conversion is equivalent energising amount Q
e:
Get the mean value of 3 test specimens by electric weight on the same group, estimate the resistance of chloride ion penetration of concrete under this stand under load volt attitude as the energising amount of this group test specimen.The results are shown in as shown in table 3.
The different coulometry measurement results of pressing concrete for hydraulic structure chloride ion permeability under the loading condition of table 3
As can be seen from the test results:
Two kinds of different concrete electric fluxes (being chloride ion permeability) under bending load of intensity have all demonstrated identical Changing Pattern.Along with the increase of the level of loading, concrete chloride ion permeability improves gradually.This is owing under the bending load effect, the original micro-crack extension in the concrete, and new micro-crack produces, thereby has improved concrete perviousness.When reaching 60% in the loading level when above, the chloride ion permeability of test specimen increases rapidly, and this is because when big loading level is higher, due to various crack propagation degree increase rapidly.
Claims (4)
1. permeability of concrete chloride ions coulometry loading device for testing, it is characterized in that: steel sole plate (1) is provided with two screws, insert two parallel screw rods (2) in the screw, be with successively on the described screw rod (2) and parallel with described steel sole plate (1) press down steel plate (3), go up compressed steel plate (5) and top board (8);
Be provided with lifting jack (7) between top board (8) and the last compressed steel plate (5); Last compressed steel plate (5) and press down and be provided with dynamometer (4) between the steel plate (3);
Steel sole plate (1) is gone up to the bridle iron that is provided with protrusion (12); Pressing down steel plate (3) goes up to the steel pressure head (13) that is arranged with protrusion; Be with compressed steel plate bolt cap (6) on the screw rod (2) on last compressed steel plate (5) top, be with top board bolt cap (9) on the screw rod (2) on top board (8) top.
2. permeability of concrete chloride ions coulometry loading device for testing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: two screws are symmetricly set on the two ends of described steel sole plate (1); Described bridle iron (12) is two, is symmetricly set between two screws.
3. concrete soil chloride ion permeability coulometry loading device for testing according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described steel pressure head (13) is two, is separately positioned on described two the screw socket places that steel plate (3) is connected with described screw rod (2) that press down.
4. utilize the described charger of claim 3 to carry out the method for permeability of concrete chloride ions coulometry test, it is characterized in that:
Step 1, straight four prisms cylinder concrete sample (10) is enclosed within steel sole plate (1) by two screws and presses down on the screw rod (2) between the steel plate (3), with lifting jack (7) pressurization, pressure is delivered on the described concrete sample (10) by last compressed steel plate (5), dynamometer (4), the steel pressure head (13) that presses down on the steel plate (3); , when dynamometer (4) display setting payload values, tighten compressed steel plate bolt cap (6);
Step 2, the belt electrode test flume (11) of concrete permeability electric pilot is installed on two relative sides of concrete sample (10), in anodal test flume, inject NaOH solution, in the negative pole test flume, inject NaCl solution, adopt 50～120V direct current, the electric weight by concrete sample (10) in the stipulated time when testing differently curved load action;
Step 3, according to specimen thickness, institute's making alive with by electric weight, calculate the equivalent energising amount that characterizes permeability of concrete chloride ions.
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