CN101663938B - Real-time yield monitoring system of spicate corn - Google Patents
Real-time yield monitoring system of spicate corn Download PDFInfo
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- CN101663938B CN101663938B CN2009100675665A CN200910067566A CN101663938B CN 101663938 B CN101663938 B CN 101663938B CN 2009100675665 A CN2009100675665 A CN 2009100675665A CN 200910067566 A CN200910067566 A CN 200910067566A CN 101663938 B CN101663938 B CN 101663938B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a real-time yield monitoring system of spicate corn, which belongs to technical field of measurement devices. The system comprises a main controller taking a field computer as a core, a speed acquisition system, a spicate corn guiding device, a yield sensor, a cutting platform height sensor, a storage card, a power supply and a GPS receiver, wherein the main controller and the storage card are integrallty fixed in a harvester cab, the speed acquisition system is installed on harvester wheels, the guiding device is installed at the top end of an elevator of a harvester, the impulse type yield sensor is installed at the lower part of the guiding device; the cutting platform height sensor is installed on a corn cutting platform, the GPS receiver is fixed at the top of the harvester, and the speed acquisition system, the sensors and all parts of the GPS receiver are all connected with the main controller by shielding leads. The invention converts the water content of niblets and the niblet-fringe ratio mold of a harvested field to obtain granular corn yield, thereby providing data support for achieving accurate strategy and implementation of agriculture operation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of spicate corn output real-time measurement apparatus.Specifically be meant a kind of real-time system for measuring yield of spicate corn that is installed on the maize harvesting machine based on field calculator and impulse type sensor.Belong to the measurement mechanism technical field.
Background technology
Crop yield is a key factor of assessment agricultural production efficiency, and obtains crops cell production information, sets up the cell production spatial distribution map, then is the starting point of implementing " accurate agricultural ".Crop yield is meant the output that unit are is ploughed under certain specified conditions, it is the result of plant growth under numerous environmental factors and farmland production control measures combined influence, is the basis that the science regulation and control dropped into and formulated the administrative decision measure in the realization crop production process; After the cell production spatial distribution map is handled through statistical analysis, can show the potential trend in whole plot, for the cultivation management in the coming year (next season) provides decision support.
The acquisition of yield data and volume variance analysis play a part one in whole accurate agricultural system forms a connecting link, and it is the end of a working cycles of accurate agricultural, is again the beginning of next circulation.Therefore, real-time yield monitoring system is one of key link of implementing accurate agricultural, and output distributed intelligence accurately can be provided for the enforcement of accurate agricultural.
For these reasons, need a kind of system for measuring yield that can be used for monitoring in real time crop yield.In recent years, system for measuring yield has formed multiple commercial achievement abroad, and these output monitoring systems are mainly used in the granola cereal harvest machinery.For example: " advanced agricultural " system of U.S. Kase Corp., " star of green " system of U.S. John Deere ﹠ Co. etc.But these products are primarily aimed at the graininess crops, as: granule cereal, granular corn, soybean, paddy rice and grass-seed etc.Above-mentioned system for measuring yield is applied to corn and surveys when producing operation, is fit to corn kernel and carries out the threshing results under the condition of water content≤20%.And China rural area is because the restriction of agronomy and weather just begins to pluck the fringe results in water content 〉=30% of corn, and this moment, corn content too highly was not suitable for threshing.The spicate corn system for measuring yield of the present invention's design proposes under this prerequisite.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to fill up the blank in the existing corn survey product technology, a kind of spicate corn real-time monitoring system China's actual conditions, that agricultural machinery combines with agronomy that adapts to is provided.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved in that accompanying drawings is as follows:
A kind of real-time yield monitoring system of spicate corn, comprise with the field calculator being the master controller 1 of core, speed acquisition system 2, spicate corn guider 5, output sensor 6, ceding of Taiwan height sensor 7, storage card 9, power supply 10 and GPS receiver 8, master controller 1 and storage card 9 are that an overall fixed is in the reaping machine driver's cabin, speed acquisition system 2 is installed on the grain header wheel, guider 5 is installed in elevator 12 tops of reaping machine, impulse type output sensor 6 is installed on the bottom of guider 5, ceding of Taiwan height sensor 7 is installed on the corn harvesting bench, GPS receiver 8 is fixed on the reaping machine top, described speed acquisition system 2, sensor and GPS receiver 8 each parts all link to each other with master controller 1 by shielded conductor 11.
Described that master controller 1 carries out system's initial setting up, and by display interface observing system duty and real-time production information.
Described speed acquisition system 2 is made up of near switch 3 and code-disc 4 passive Hall element formula.
Described spicate corn guider 5 is made up of curved baffle 13, buffering slide plate 14, side shield 15 and slideway 16, side shield 15 be located at elevator 12 lateral surface and with its at grade, slideway 16 is a tubular structure, its plane, axis place and plane, elevator 12 axis place are arranged vertically, and the α angle is 45 °, side shield 15 is fixedlyed connected with elevator 12, curved baffle 13 is tangent with plane, elevator 12 top, both are fixedly connected, and elevator 12 lower planes are by cushioning slide plate 14 or directly fixedlying connected with slideway 16.
Described impulse type output sensor 6 adopts the impulse type cereal flow transducer, and by ceding of Taiwan height sensor 7 perception ceding of Taiwan states.
Described power supply 10 adopts tractor to carry+the 12V storage battery, for whole system provides reliable and stable dc source.
Draw the fringe grain than conversion model by the sampling test, draw granular corn yield than conversion model by the grain fringe.
PFA field calculator is as master controller, maize harvesting machine in the results process, the spicate corn of gathering in the crops by homemade guider with certain angle and velocity shock impulse sensor; Sensor is converted into the momentum signal voltage signal and sends master controller to, and controller shows real-time grain yield value through conversion; Master controller mates fusion with the field production information and the residing longitude and latitude data of synchronization grain header that collect, can draw the production information in each location point subrange; Velocity sensor is gathered reaping machine advance speed, travel distance, draws the results gross area by the working width that provides in advance; The master controller interface can show cell production, accumulative total crop, real-time map, longitude and latitude and velocity information etc.Above data all are stored in the Compact Flash, cooperate with generalized information system to generate output figure, instruct field variable input operation in the coming year.
The present invention includes: the field calculator is master controller, speed acquisition system, spicate corn guider, output sensor, ceding of Taiwan height sensor, GPS receiver, shielded conductor, storage card, the power supply on basis.
Parts and annexation thereof are: master controller and storage card are an integral body, and outward appearance is a PFA field calculator, is fixed in the reaping machine driver's cabin by screw; The speed acquisition system is made up of near switch and code-disc passive Hall element formula, to be arranged on the grain header wheel near switch and code-disc during use, draw travel distance by adding up wheel revolutions and slip rate thereof or slippage rate, by analytical unit in the time wheel revolutions calculate and to draw the reaping machine velocity amplitude, and link to each other with master controller by shielded conductor; Guider is arranged on reaping machine elevator top, installs with best angle; Impulse type output sensor is installed on the bottom of guider, and impulse sensor and guider constitute certain angle and distance, and impulse sensor links to each other with master controller by shielded conductor; Ceding of Taiwan height sensor is installed on the corn harvesting bench, links to each other with master controller by shielded conductor, whether judges the reaping machine operation by the monitoring taiwan cut off and landing; The GPS receiver is fixed on the reaping machine top, links to each other with master controller by shielded conductor, and the latitude and longitude information that receives the reaping machine present position is located in real time; Power supply from tractor+the 12V dc source, link to each other with master controller by lead.
The present invention works under the uniform dispatching of master controller.Ceding of Taiwan height sensor is the logic switch of system works, be responsible for the jacking condition of monitoring harvester cutting bench, the critical value of ceding of Taiwan height sensor is provided with voluntarily according to the reaping machine structural parameters, if ceding of Taiwan height sensor detects ceding of Taiwan height less than the critical value that sets, prove that then the ceding of Taiwan is put down, reaping machine is started working.At this moment, ceding of Taiwan height sensor signals to master controller, and reporting system begins data acquisition; Otherwise, if detecting the ceding of Taiwan, ceding of Taiwan height sensor highly is higher than critical value, then notify master controller to stop data collection, and system enters holding state.Velocity sensor by analytical unit in the time wheel revolutions calculate and to draw the reaping machine velocity amplitude, calculate the grain header operating range by the accumulative total wheel revolutions, multiplying each other with the reaping machine working width draws the results gross area again.The spicate corn that guider is gathered in the crops reaping machine is with correct angle, velocity shock impulse sensor.Master controller is gathered the quality of spicate corn in real time by impulse sensor, through calculating the spicate corn yield data, yield data is combined the production information that can draw (sub-district) in the subrange of reaping machine present position with the GPS latitude and longitude information with the harvest area coupling.Cell production information imports generalized information system, can draw out the output distribution map.Between the reaping machine operational period, master controller receives and merges the information of velocity sensor, impulse sensor, ceding of Taiwan height sensor and GPS receiver, calculate current output and cell production distributed data in conjunction with the water content meter of corn kernel, and the document form of data with suffix vld is stored in the CF card.Simultaneously, the various signal datas that master controller also collects each sensor are stored in the CF card, are convenient to operation and finish and import calculator and carry out deep processing.
Advantage of the present invention is: be adapted to the agronomy demand of China's actual conditions, can be real-time draw spicate corn cell production data, and data are stored in the CF card; The data importing generalized information system can generate prescription map according to the operation map, is used to assess field piece management, surveys and produce and provide reference frame for the variable in the coming year drops into operation; Designed guider solves impulse sensor effectively and measures the problem of spicate corn existence than mistake; Filled up the blank in domestic and international spicate corn real-time yield monitoring field,, also provide reliable basis for improving field piece management and surveying to produce for the enforcement of corn crop on accurate agricultural provides guidance.
The present invention has realized the real-time online measuring of spicate corn output, and implementing the accurate agricultural operation for corn crop provides a kind of effective and feasible survey to produce device.Designed guider can effectively guarantee spicate corn with same angle shock transducer in the invention, improves spicate corn and surveys the precision of producing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is provided with schematic diagram for the present invention on maize harvesting machine;
Fig. 2 is a system architecture diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a guider schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is an operation principle schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a guider angle schematic diagram of the present invention.
Among the figure: 1, master controller 2, speed acquisition system 3, velocity sensor 4, code-disc 5, spicate corn guider 6, output sensor 7, ceding of Taiwan height sensor 8, GPS receiver 9, storage card (CF card) 10, power supply 11, shielding connecting line 12, elevator 13, curved baffle 14, buffering slide plate 15, side shield 16, slideway
Embodiment
Consult Fig. 1, shown in Figure 2, the present invention includes: the field calculator is master controller 1, speed acquisition system 2 (being made up of velocity sensor 3 and code-disc 4), spicate corn guider 5, output sensor 6, ceding of Taiwan height sensor 7, GPS receiver 8, storage card (CF card) 9, power supply 10, the shielding connecting line 11 of core.Its annexation is: master controller 1 and storage card 9 are an integral body, and outward appearance is a PFA field calculator, is fixed in the reaping machine driver's cabin by screw; Speed acquisition system 2 is made up of near switch 3 and code-disc 4 passive Hall element formula, to be arranged on the grain header wheel near switch 3 and code-disc 4 during use, by analytical unit in the time wheel revolutions (consideration slip rate) calculate the reaping machine velocity amplitude, by accumulative total wheel revolutions draw travel distance; Guider 5 is arranged on reaping machine elevator 12 tops, installs with best angle; Impulse type output sensor 6 is installed on the bottom of guider, and impulse sensor and guider 5 constitute certain angle and distance; Ceding of Taiwan height sensor 7 is installed on the corn harvesting bench, whether judges the reaping machine operation by the monitoring taiwan cut off and landing; GPS receiver 8 is fixed on the reaping machine top, and the latitude and longitude information that receives the reaping machine present position is located in real time; Power supply 10 adopts tractor to carry+the 12V storage battery.Each sensor and GPS receiver 8 link to each other with master controller 1 by shielded conductor 11.Master controller receives and merges the information of speed acquisition system 2, output sensor 6, ceding of Taiwan height sensor 7 and GPS receiver 8, calculates current output and cell production distributed data, and data are stored in the CF card 9 with suffix vld document form.
Speed acquisition system 2 adopts passive noncontact Hall element formula sensor.Output sensor 6 adopts the intercept type impulse sensor.Ceding of Taiwan height sensor 7 adopts travel switch monitoring ceding of Taiwan state.
Consult shown in Fig. 3,5, spicate corn guider 5 comprises curved baffle 13, buffering slide plate 14, side shield 15 and slideway 16.Curved baffle 13 and side shield 15 are used to prevent that spicate corn from dropping on outside slideway 16; When spicate corn threw away elevator 12, curved baffle 13 and buffering slide plate 14 played certain cushioning effect.Side shield 15 be located at elevator 12 lateral surface and with its at grade, slideway 16 is a tubular structure, its plane, axis place and plane, elevator 12 axis place are arranged vertically, and the α angle is 45 °, side shield 15 is fixedlyed connected with elevator 12, curved baffle 13 is tangent with plane, elevator 12 top, and both are fixedly connected, and elevator 12 lower planes are by cushioning slide plate 14 or directly fixedlying connected with slideway 16.
When the present invention uses, at first carry out man-machine interactive operation, plot number, train number information are set by master controller 1.Master controller is information such as display system duty, current location and real-time output simultaneously.After harvest operation began, open system entered wait state, put down when the ceding of Taiwan and triggered ceding of Taiwan height sensor 7 when gathering in operation, and ceding of Taiwan status signal reaches master controller 1 via shielding line 11, and reporting system begins data acquisition.Along with the operation walking of reaping machine, the wheel rotational pulse is gathered by speed acquisition system 2, and by shielded conductor 11 pulse signal is passed to master controller 1.According to gained pulse and the prior wheel diameter of setting, calculate speed of travel V and travel distance L in the unit interval by master controller 1; By travel distance L and the swath D of reaping machine in the unit interval, obtain interior sometime harvest area S=LD then.Guider 5 is arranged on elevator top exit place, is responsible for carrying the corncob of coming with same direction, impact output sensor 6 in the mode of approximate freely falling body elevator.Output sensor 6 is arranged on the bottom of guider, is responsible for gathering the momentum data of spicate corn, and the momentum signal is converted into the voltage signal form, is delivered to master controller 1 through shielded conductor 11.Master controller 1 calculates the quality information m of spicate corn according to the output of output sensor 6, then in conjunction with harvest area S=LD.Results plot corn is sampled, the grain fringe that draws spicate corn than k (k for the grain fringe than coefficient, different plot, kind grain fringe are than different, must sample on the spot obtains).Master controller 1 receives the latitude and longitude information that GPS receiver 8 sends by shielded conductor 11, and yield of unit time and latitude and longitude information are merged, and obtains the output distributed data of this sub-district.When harvester row entered the edge of a field or harvest operation time-out, the ceding of Taiwan was risen, and ceding of Taiwan height sensor 7 sends stop signal, and system stops data collection task, enters holding state.Master controller 1 is stored in displayed information (comprising: longitude and latitude data, velocity information, production information, plot and train number information etc.) in the CF card when getting access to the cell production distributed data.
The present invention goes for the maize harvesting machine of model of the same race, and guider is reequiped maize harvesting machine applicable to multiple model.The present invention has filled up and has surveyed the blank of producing for spicate corn both at home and abroad, implements the accurate agricultural variable input for the corn operation technical support is provided.
Claims (6)
1. real-time yield monitoring system of spicate corn, comprise with the field calculator being the master controller (1) of core, speed acquisition system (2), spicate corn guider (5), impulse type output sensor (6), ceding of Taiwan height sensor (7), storage card (9), power supply (10) and GPS receiver (8), it is characterized in that, master controller (1) and storage card (9) are that an overall fixed is in the reaping machine driver's cabin, speed acquisition system (2) is installed on the reaping machine wheel, spicate corn guider (5) is installed in elevator (12) top of reaping machine, impulse type output sensor (6) is installed on the bottom of spicate corn guider (5), ceding of Taiwan height sensor (7) is installed on the corn harvesting bench, GPS receiver (8) is fixed on the reaping machine top, described speed acquisition system (2), impulse type output sensor (6), ceding of Taiwan height sensor (7) and each parts of GPS receiver (8) all link to each other with master controller (1) by shielded conductor (11), and described spicate corn guider (5) is by curved baffle (13), buffering slide plate (14), side shield (15) and slideway (16) are formed.
2. real-time yield monitoring system of spicate corn according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described master controller (1) carries out system's initial setting up, and by display interface observing system duty and real-time production information.
3. real-time yield monitoring system of spicate corn according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described speed acquisition system (2) is made up of near switch (3) and code-disc (4) passive Hall element formula.
4. real-time yield monitoring system of spicate corn according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, side shield (15) be located at elevator (12) lateral surface and with its at grade, slideway (16) is a tubular structure, its axis and elevator (12) axis normal is arranged, slideway (16) axis becomes the α angle with plumb line be 45 °, side shield (15) is fixedlyed connected with elevator (12), curved baffle (13) is tangent with plane, elevator (12) top, both are fixedly connected, and elevator (12) lower plane is by cushioning slide plate (14) or directly fixedlying connected with slideway (16).
5. real-time yield monitoring system of spicate corn according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described impulse type output sensor (6) adopts the impulse type cereal flow transducer, and by ceding of Taiwan height sensor (7) perception ceding of Taiwan state.
6. real-time yield monitoring system of spicate corn according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described power supply (10) adopts tractor to carry+the 12V storage battery, for whole system provides reliable and stable dc source.
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| CN2009100675665A CN101663938B (en) | 2009-09-22 | 2009-09-22 | Real-time yield monitoring system of spicate corn |
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| CN2009100675665A CN101663938B (en) | 2009-09-22 | 2009-09-22 | Real-time yield monitoring system of spicate corn |
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| CN101663938B true CN101663938B (en) | 2011-11-02 |
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| CN102288239B (en) * | 2011-05-11 | 2013-04-17 | 江苏大学 | Grain quality and flow rate measuring device |
| CN102282963B (en) * | 2011-07-12 | 2013-05-08 | 潍坊科科电气有限公司 | Intelligent stubble height detection device |
| CN102445233A (en) * | 2011-09-27 | 2012-05-09 | 南京工业职业技术学院 | Corn yield real-time measuring system based on operation path |
| WO2014050524A1 (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2014-04-03 | 株式会社クボタ | Agricultural management system and crop harvester |
| CN102967331B (en) * | 2012-11-02 | 2018-01-26 | 青岛农业大学 | A kind of real-time harvest predicting device for peanuts |
| NL2017160B1 (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2018-01-18 | Cerescon Holding B V | Method and a system for detecting asparagus in ground |
| CN106679717A (en) * | 2016-08-28 | 2017-05-17 | 山东北斗华宸导航技术有限公司 | Beidou single antenna-based crop yield and humidity distribution measurement device and yield and humidity measuring measurement thereof |
| CN109277180A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2019-01-29 | 上海云统创申智能科技有限公司 | A kind of intelligent vertical-spindle hammer crusher with remote monitoring function |
| CN109277181A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2019-01-29 | 上海云统创申智能科技有限公司 | A kind of intelligent hammer mill with remote monitoring function |
| CN108551857A (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2018-09-21 | 王凡 | Sugarcane cutting equipment and use its Small Model Sugar Cane Harvester |
| CN110199664A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2019-09-06 | 丰疆智能科技股份有限公司 | Work machine and its control method are cut in the agriculture that the drop ceding of Taiwan can be lifted |
| CN112733582A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2021-04-30 | 广州极飞科技有限公司 | Crop yield determination method and device and nonvolatile storage medium |
| CN110987093B (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2021-06-25 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Grain flow detection device and detection method |
| CN111771507A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-10-16 | 青岛农业大学 | Vehicle-mounted potato yield measuring method |
| CN113317032A (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2021-08-31 | 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 | Method, system and device for monitoring harvest yield of combined harvester |
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| CN2862641Y (en) * | 2006-01-13 | 2007-01-31 | 新疆机械研究院（有限责任公司） | Self-propelled combine for harvesting whole corn containing corncob and cornstalk |
| CN101344411A (en) * | 2008-08-22 | 2009-01-14 | 江苏大学 | Impulse type cereal flux detection device |
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- 2009-09-22 CN CN2009100675665A patent/CN101663938B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2862641Y (en) * | 2006-01-13 | 2007-01-31 | 新疆机械研究院（有限责任公司） | Self-propelled combine for harvesting whole corn containing corncob and cornstalk |
| CN101344411A (en) * | 2008-08-22 | 2009-01-14 | 江苏大学 | Impulse type cereal flux detection device |
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