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CN101660870B - 具有改进制冷剂分配性能的换热器 - Google Patents

具有改进制冷剂分配性能的换热器 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101660870B
CN101660870B CN2009101734340A CN200910173434A CN101660870B CN 101660870 B CN101660870 B CN 101660870B CN 2009101734340 A CN2009101734340 A CN 2009101734340A CN 200910173434 A CN200910173434 A CN 200910173434A CN 101660870 B CN101660870 B CN 101660870B
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heat exchanger
distributing pipe
inlet collecting
cold
exchanger according
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CN101660870A (zh
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蒋建龙
汪锋
刘华钊
黄宁杰
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Sanhua Hangzhou Micro Channel Heat Exchanger Co Ltd
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Danfoss Sanhua Hangzhou Micro Channel Heat Exchanger Co Ltd
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Priority to US12/872,508 priority patent/US20110061844A1/en
Priority to EP10009474.7A priority patent/EP2299224B1/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/026Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits
    • F28F9/027Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits in the form of distribution pipes
    • F28F9/0273Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits in the form of distribution pipes with multiple holes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/053Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Details Of Heat-Exchange And Heat-Transfer (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开一种换热器,包括:入口集流管,所述入口集流管内部限定有制冷剂腔;出口集流管,所述出口集流管与入口集流管间隔开预定距离;扁管,所述扁管的两端分别与入口集流管和出口集流管相连以便连通入口集流管和出口集流管;翅片,所述翅片设置在相邻的扁管之间;和分配管,所述分配管上设有分配孔,所述分配管设置在制冷剂腔的外部且通过分配孔与制冷剂腔连通。根据本发明的换热器,分配管安装和拆卸简单且便于维护,不会与制冷剂相互影响,提高制冷剂分配效果。

Description

具有改进制冷剂分配性能的换热器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种换热器,尤其是涉及一种具有改进的制冷剂分配性能的换热器。 
背景技术
换热器通常包括入口集流管和出口集流管、扁管和翅片。为了消除制冷剂在集流管内的气液分层现象,通常在入口集流管内设置了制冷剂管状的分配器,制冷剂从制冷剂源进入分配器,分配器再将制冷剂分配到集流管的内腔中。 
如图7所示,传统换热器的分配器1’通常插入到入口集流管2’内的制冷剂中,因此分配管1’不容易安装和拆卸,与入口集流管2’内的制冷剂容易相互影响,且当分配器1’出现问题时,不容易发现和维护。此外,受入口集流管2’的内腔尺寸限制,分配器1’的设置数量受到限制,从而制冷剂的分配量不容易控制。 
发明内容
本发明旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。为此,本发明的一个目的在于提出一种换热器,该换热器的分配管安装和拆卸简单且便于维护,不会与入口集流管内的制冷剂相互影响。 
根据本发明实施例的换热器,包括:入口集流管,所述入口集流管内部限定有制冷剂腔,所述制冷剂腔的壁上设有通孔;出口集流管,所述出口集流管与入口集流管间隔开预定距离;扁管,所述扁管的两端分别与入口集流管和出口集流管相连以便连通入口集流管和出口集流管;翅片,所述翅片设置在相邻的扁管之间;和分配管,所述分配管上设有与所述通孔对应的分配孔,所述分 配管设置在制冷剂腔的外壁上且通过分配孔和通孔与制冷剂腔连通。 
根据本发明实施例的换热器,由于分配管没有插入到入口集流管内的制冷剂中,因此便于安装和拆卸,便于维护,不会与入口集流管内的制冷剂相互影响,提高了分配效果。通过安装脚部将分配管直接安装到入口集流管的外壁上,因此,分配管的安装、拆卸和维护更加方便。 
另外,根据本发明实施例的换热器还具有如下附加技术特征: 
所述分配管安装在入口集流管的外壁上。 
所述分配管一体地形成有安装脚部,用于将分配管安装到入口集流管的外壁上。 
分配管的内径与制冷剂腔体的水力内径比为0.17-0.79。通过将分配管的内径与制冷剂腔体的水力内径比设置为上述比值,实验证明,能够进一步提高制冷剂的分配效果。 
所述入口集流管内部设有隔板以便将入口集流管的内部分为制冷剂腔和空腔。通过隔板将入口集流管内分成两部分,能够减少制冷剂腔的容积,进一步提高制冷剂分配效果。 
所述分配管设置在所述空腔内。 
所述分配孔包括形成在分配管上的多个单独的开口。 
所述分配孔为形成在分配管上的单个槽的形式。 
所述分配孔为圆孔且其水力直径在0.2mm-4mm的范围内。 
所述分配孔的面积与制冷剂腔体的截面积之比为0.3-2。 
通过上述参数设置,实验证明,能够进一步提高制冷剂的分配效果。 
所述分配管为多个。由于分配管可以设置多个,因此通过控制各个分配管,可以方便地控制制冷剂的分配量,满足不同制冷剂量的要求。 
制冷剂在扁管内的流动方向与制冷剂从分配孔流出的方向的相反方向之间的夹角在45度-315度之间。由此能够提高制冷剂的分配效果。 
本发明的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出,部分将从下面的描述中变得明显,或通过本发明的实践了解到。 
附图说明
本发明的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解,其中: 
图1是根据本发明一个实施例的换热器的示意图; 
图2是图1所述换热器沿E-E的局部剖视示意图; 
图3a和3b分别示出了分配管上的分配孔的不同形式; 
图4是与图2类似的根据本发明另一实施例换热器的局部剖视图; 
图5是与图2类似的根据本发明又一实施例换热器的局部剖视图; 
图6是与图2类似的根据本发明再一实施例换热器的局部剖视图;和 
图7与图2类似的传统换热器的局部剖视示意图。 
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施例,所述实施例的示例在附图中示出,其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的,仅用于解释本发明,而不能理解为对本发明的限制。 
下面参考图1-7描述根据本发明实施例的换热器。 
如图1所示,根据本发明实施例的换热器包括入口集流管2、出口集流管6、扁管3、翅片7、和分配管1。 
如图2所示,入口集流管2的内部限定了制冷剂腔S1。当然,在图2和图4所示的示例中,入口集流管2的整个内腔都是制冷剂腔S1。可选地,如图5和6所示,入口集流管2的内部被隔板4分成了制冷剂腔S1和空腔S2(下面将会详细描述)。 
出口集流管6与入口集流管2间隔开预定距离并且例如大体平行设置。扁管3的两端分别与入口集流管2和出口集流管6例如通过焊接相连,从而入口集流管2和出口集流管6可以通过扁管3内的制冷剂通道连通。扁管3内的制冷剂通道例如可以是微通道,从而换热器为微通道换热器,当然本发明并不限于此。翅片7设置在相邻的扁管3之间,用以增加散热效果。 
如图1-2和3a-3b分配管1上设有分配孔14,如图1所示,分配管1设置 在制冷剂腔S1的外部,并且分配管1的内腔13过分配孔14与制冷剂腔S1连通。当然,在限定制冷剂腔S1的入口集流管2的壁上形成有对应的通孔21。 
根据本发明实施例的换热器,由于分配管1没有设置在入口集流管2的制冷剂腔S1内,换言之,分配管1没有插入到入口集流管2的制冷剂内,因此分配管1的安装和拆卸简单、便于维护、不会与入口集流管2内制冷剂相互影响,提高了分配效果。 
如图1所示,在本发明一个示例中,分配管1安装到入口集流管2的外壁上时,分配孔14与通孔21对应,从而从制冷剂源(未示出)进入分配管1的内腔13内的制冷剂通过分配孔14和通孔21喷入制冷剂腔S1内,由此消除制冷剂在入口集流管2内产生的气液分层现象,提高了换热器的换热效果。为了进一步提高制冷剂的分配效果,分配管1的内径与制冷剂腔体的水力内径比为0.17-0.79。 
为了增加安装的方便性,在本发明的一个示例中,分配管1一体地形成有安装脚部12,安装脚部12的表面与入口集流管2的表面形状适配,从而通过安装脚部12将分配管1安装到入口集流管2的外壁上。例如,通过将安装脚部12焊接到入口集流管2的外壁上而将分配管1固定到入口集流管2上,此时分配孔14贯穿安装脚部12,并且与通孔21对应。 
根据本发明的一个具体示例,如图3a所示,分配孔14可以由间隔地形成在分配管1上的多个单独的开口组成,所述开口可以为圆形孔,也可以为其他形状的槽口。可选地,如图3b所示,分配孔14也可以形成为沿分配管1的长度方向延伸贯通的单个槽。分配孔14可以形成为圆形孔,其水力直径在0.2mm-4mm的范围内,由此进一步提高制冷剂的分配效果。可选地,所述分配孔的面积与制冷剂腔体的截面积之比为0.3-2。根据本发明人的实验证明,上述范围的比值,能够提高制冷剂的分配效果。 
根据本发明的实施例,由于分配管1安装在入口集流管2的外壁上,因此,分配管1的设置数量容易改变,例如,入口集流管2可以设置为多个,能够满足对不同制冷剂量要求的换热器,而且通过控制各个分配管1,能够容易地制冷剂的分配。 
在本发明的一个示例中,制冷剂从分配孔14流出的方向的相反方向B与 制冷剂在扁管3内的流动方向A之间的夹角在45度-315度之间,通过将方向A与方向B的夹角设置在上述范围内,能够进一步提高制冷剂的分配效果。例如,在图2中,方向B与方向A成180度夹角。可选地,例如在图5所示的示例中,方向B与方向A成90度夹角。 
如图4所示,在本发明的一个可选示例中,分配管1没有形成安装脚部12,而是通过连通管5与入口集流管2内的制冷剂腔S1连通。连通管5的一端在分配孔14处与分配管1相焊接,而另一端穿过入口集流管2的壁伸入制冷剂腔S1内,当然,连通管5与入口集流管2之间密封,例如通过焊接连接连通管5与入口集流管2并密封它们之间的缝隙。 
下面参考图5描述根据本发明另一实施例的换热器。如图5所示,在入口集流管2的内部设置了隔板4,由此隔板4将入口集流管2的内部分成制冷剂腔S1和空腔S2,其中空腔S2内不会存在制冷剂,分配管1安装在入口集流管2的外壁上,并且通过分配孔14和通孔21与制冷剂腔S1连通。通过设置隔板4,可以减小制冷剂腔S1的容积,进一步提高制冷剂的分配效果。 
在图5所示的示例中,分配管1形成了安装脚部12,从而便于将分配管1固定到入口集流管2的外壁上。 
图6示出了另一个可选示例,在图6所示的示例中,分配管1没有安装在入口集流管2的外壁上,而是设置在空腔S2内,并且通过连通管5与制冷剂腔S1连通。由此,不但分配管1的安装和拆卸方便,并且不会受入口集流管2内的制冷剂的影响,同时制冷剂腔S1的容积减小,提高了分配效果,而且换热器的整体美感提高。 
下面简单描述根据本发明实施例的换热器的操作。 
如图1所示,制冷剂沿方向C进入分配管1,然后通过分配孔14喷入到入口集流管2内的制冷剂腔S1内,消除了气液分层现象,接着,制冷剂沿着扁管3朝向出口集流管6流动,期间进行热交换,经历过热交换后的制冷剂进入出口集流管6,然后沿方向D排出出口集流管6。 
由于分配管1没有插入到入口集流管2内的制冷剂内,因此与其内的制冷剂不会相互影响,便于安装,拆卸和维护。同时,可以设置多个分配管1,通过控制每个分配管1,可以适应对制冷剂量的不同需求。 
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,本领域的普通技术人员可以理解:在不脱离本发明的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,本发明的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。 

Claims (12)

1.一种换热器,其特征在于,包括:
入口集流管,所述入口集流管内部限定有制冷剂腔,所述制冷剂腔的壁上设有通孔;
出口集流管,所述出口集流管与入口集流管间隔开预定距离;
扁管,所述扁管的两端分别与入口集流管和出口集流管相连以便连通入口集流管和出口集流管;
翅片,所述翅片设置在相邻的扁管之间;和
分配管,所述分配管上设有与所述通孔对应的分配孔,所述分配管设置在制冷剂腔的外壁上且通过分配孔和通孔与制冷剂腔连通。
2.根据权利要求1所述的换热器,其特征在于,所述分配管安装在入口集流管的外壁上。
3.根据权利要求2所述的换热器,其特征在于,所述分配管一体地形成有安装脚部,用于将分配管安装到入口集流管的外壁上。
4.根据权利要求1所述的换热器,其特征在于,分配管的内径与制冷剂腔体的水力内径比为0.17-0.79。
5.根据权利要求1所述的换热器,其特征在于,所述入口集流管内部设有隔板以便将入口集流管的内部分为制冷剂腔和空腔。
6.根据权利要求5所述的换热器,其特征在于,所述分配管设置在所述空腔内。
7.根据权利要求1所述的换热器,其特征在于,所述分配孔包括形成在分配管上的多个单独的开口。
8.根据权利要求1所述的换热器,其特征在于,所述分配孔为形成在分配管上的单个槽的形式。
9.根据权利要求1所述的换热器,其特征在于,所述分配孔为圆孔且其水力直径在0.2mm-4mm的范围内。
10.根据权利要求1所述的换热器,其特征在于,所述分配孔的面积与制冷剂腔体的截面积之比为0.3-2。
11.根据权利要求1所述的换热器,其特征在于,所述分配管为多个。
12.根据权利要求1所述的换热器,其特征在于,制冷剂在扁管内的流动方向与制冷剂从分配孔流出方向的相反方向之间的夹角在45度-315度之间。
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US12/872,508 US20110061844A1 (en) 2009-09-16 2010-08-31 Heat exchanger
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CN101865574B (zh) 2010-06-21 2013-01-30 三花控股集团有限公司 换热器
CN101886891B (zh) * 2010-07-20 2012-07-18 三花丹佛斯(杭州)微通道换热器有限公司 制冷剂导引装置和具有它的换热器
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