CN101656763B - IP address automatic distribution method, client and server - Google Patents
IP address automatic distribution method, client and server Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an IP address automatic distribution method, a client and a server. The method comprises that a client obtains IP packet comprising undistributed IP address; the client detects whether the undistributed IP address is occupied in the obtained IP packet; if the undistributed IP address is not occupied, the client is determined whether to obtain the undistributed IP address, if yes, the undistributed IP address is obtained. The invention uses the technical means that an IACP server sends actively the undistributed IP address, the client obtains actively the undistributed IP address, overcomes problems of distributing IP address for the clients only by adding externally a DHCP Relay host when the DHCP server and the client are not in identical network segment in the prior art, thereby saving the configuration cost and simplifying the network configuration.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to networking technology area, is about a kind of IP address automatic allocating method, client and server specifically.
Background technology
Internet protocol (Internet Protocol is called for short IP) address is a kind of sign that identifies subscriber equipment and the network equipment in the IP network, also is that IP network is used for the sign that the IP bag is transmitted, and therefore, the distribution of IP address is the core of whole IP network.
The method of salary distribution of IP address comprises at present: automatically obtain the IP address mode.Automatically the mode that obtains the IP address refers to: client does not need manual intervention, can automatically obtain host IP address, gateway ip address and the network segment mask of this client.At present, the major technique that automatically obtains the IP address is DHCP (DHCP:Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol).In this technology, manage all IP network road configuration datas concentratedly by Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server, and be responsible for processing the DHCP request of client; Client then can be used from Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server and distribute the IP configuration data that gets off.
But the inventor finds that in realizing process of the present invention the defective that automatically obtains the prior art of IP address is: when Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server and client not at the same network segment, need in the same network segment of client, dispose a DHCP relay (Relay) main frame.This DHCP Relay main frame receives the DHCP request of client, then this DHCP request is sent to Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server, and the answer of Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server is sent to client.But the benchmark service of IP network only provides routing function generally speaking, do not provide the IP address automatic configuration feature, and this DHCP Relay main frame belong to the automatically function of configuration of IP address, does not belong to routing function, therefore, bearer network operator does not generally provide DHCP Relay function.Because bearer network operator does not provide DHCP Relay function, therefore, under the benchmark service of IP network, the difficult automatic IP address of realizing disposes.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming problems of the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of IP address automatic allocating method, client and server, can realize efficiently, cheaply that the IP address distributes automatically.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of IP address automatic allocating method, and described method comprises: client is obtained the IP message that comprises unallocated IP address; Whether the unallocated IP address that client is surveyed in the IP message that gets access to is occupied; If it is occupied that unallocated IP address does not have, then judge whether to obtain described unallocated IP address by this client, if so, then obtain described unallocated IP address.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of IP address client, and described client comprises: IP Receive message unit is used for obtaining the IP message that comprises unallocated IP address; IP address probe unit, whether occupied for the unallocated IP address of surveying the IP message that gets access to; Judging unit is used for not having in unallocated IP address judging whether to obtain described unallocated IP address by this client when occupied.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of IP address automatic allocating method, and described method comprises: generate the IP message that comprises unallocated IP address; Described IP message is sent to the network segment at place, described unallocated IP address; Receive the affirmation message that described unallocated IP address has been assigned with.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of IP address automatic distribution server, and described server comprises: IP message generation unit is used for generating the IP message that comprises unallocated IP address; The IP packet sending unit is used for the IP message that described message generation unit generates is sent to the network segment at place, described unallocated IP address; The acknowledge message receiving element is used for receiving the affirmation message that described unallocated IP address has been assigned with.
Because the embodiment of the invention adopts the IACP server initiatively to send the technological means of unallocated IP address, the unappropriated IP of client active obtaining address, overcome in the prior art when Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server and client are not on the same network segment, the DHCP Relay main frame that must additionally add just can be the problem of client distributing IP address, has saved deployment cost and has simplified network configuration.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide the further understanding to the embodiment of the invention, consists of the application's a part, does not consist of the restriction to the embodiment of the invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of a kind of IP address automatic allocating method of providing of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a kind of IP address automatic allocating method flow chart that the embodiment of the invention provides.
Fig. 3 is a kind of IP address automatic allocating method signaling diagram that the embodiment of the invention provides.
Fig. 4 is a kind of IP address automatic allocating method signaling diagram that the embodiment of the invention provides.
Fig. 5 is the block diagram of a kind of IP address client 500 of providing of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is the block diagram of the IP address probe unit 502 that provides of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 is the block diagram of the automatic distribution server 700 in a kind of IP address that provides of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
For the purpose, technical scheme and the advantage that make the embodiment of the invention is clearer, below in conjunction with execution mode and accompanying drawing, the embodiment of the invention is described in further details.At this, the exemplary embodiment of the embodiment of the invention and explanation thereof are used for the explanation embodiment of the invention, but not as the restriction to the embodiment of the invention.
The automatic configuring technical in IP address that the embodiment of the invention is introduced can be named as IACP:IP AddressAuto Configuration Protocol (automatic address configuration protocol).This agreement can be used for the remote auto IP address assignment, and bearer network wherein can be the three layers of IP network, and this three layers of IP network only need dispose simple routing iinformation.
The technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention may relate to the three functions node:
1.IACP Client: i.e. IACP client, this node needs distributing IP address (can be called for short " client ").In other words, client is exactly to wait for the main frame of distributing IP address, such as computer etc.
2.IACP Server: i.e. IACP server (can be called for short " address allocation server "), this node provides the IP address assignment service, comprises the IP address pool, and the IP address assignment strategy.
Below respectively from method, the node (also can be called " network element " or device) that relates to and the angle of system, IACP address assignment solution is described.
In addition, the several concepts that relate in the embodiment of the invention, make in the lump description below at this:
ARP:address resolution protocol address resolution protocol is about to the Internet protocol that the IP address is mapped to ethernet mac address.
The ARP request: in the ARP agreement, the machine is known the IP address of certain node, but does not know the MAC Address of this node, and the machine is by the MAC Address in this IP address of Ethernet broadcast transmission ARP requesting query;
Arp response: in the ARP agreement, the machine finds that the IP address in the ARP request is the machine IP address, and local to opposite end main frame transmission arp response, what the MAC Address corresponding to this IP address of announcement be;
The gratuitous ARP request: main frame wants the IP address of certain IP address as the machine, but do not know whether IP address conflict to occur, and namely Ethernet is broadcasted the gratuitous ARP request of this IP address, if receive response, then expression clashes, otherwise expression does not clash;
Gratuitous ARP response: main frame wants the IP address of certain IP address as the machine, and at the whole Ethernet of Ethernet broadcasting gratuitous ARP response announcement, this IP address is that the machine is used.
Embodiment 1
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of a kind of IP address automatic allocating method of providing of the embodiment of the invention, and as shown in Figure 1, described method comprises:
S101, client is obtained the IP message that comprises unallocated IP address.
In embodiments of the present invention, the client of unallocated IP address is obtained the IP message, comprise unappropriated IP address (one or more) in this IP message, the IP message can be the ARP (address resolution protocol that comprises unallocated IP address, Address Resolution Protocol) request bag, this ARP request bag can be sent by the couple in router of IACP server or this network segment, when client and IACP server during not at the same network segment, the ARP request bag that the couple in router of the client place network segment sends; When client and IACP server during at the same network segment, the ARP request bag that client IACP server sends.IACP server or couple in router pass through at this network segment broadcast arp request bag, and as previously mentioned, this ARP request bag can be used for obtaining the MAC Address corresponding with the unallocated IP address in the ARP request bag.
S102, whether the unallocated IP address that client is surveyed in the IP message that gets access to is occupied.
Whether in embodiments of the present invention, behind the IP message that client gets access to, draw together the gratuitous ARP request bag of unallocated IP address to this network segment broadcast packet, it is occupied to survey the unallocated IP address that gets access to according to the response message of replying.Concrete, can be that other nodes to this network segment are (such as other client, computer in this network segment, or couple in router, or use the server etc. of IP address in this network segment) broadcast this gratuitous ARP request bag, then, whether according to the gratuitous ARP response message of other nodes, it is occupied to survey this IP address.
S103, occupied if unallocated IP address does not have, then judge whether to obtain described unallocated IP address by this client, if so, then obtain described unallocated IP address.
In embodiments of the present invention, if client is not received the response message that other nodes are replied, just it is occupied to think that unallocated IP address does not have, and then judge whether to obtain unallocated IP address by this client.Concrete, if the client of a plurality of unallocated IP address is arranged, then the client of all unallocated IP addresses can select a client to obtain unallocated IP address by the mode of election, specifically can be the comparison information of carrying according to the gratuitous ARP request bag that other clients that receive send, judge whether to obtain unallocated IP address by this client.
In another embodiment of the present invention, after the client that elects obtains unallocated IP address, broadcast occupied response message (such as the response of, gratuitous ARP) of this IP address to this network segment.Be understandable that, with regard to the relation between the client, the gratuitous ARP response of also can having thought this client that obtains unallocated IP address other client broadcast transmissions in this network segment.
On the other hand, obtain the client of unallocated IP address, can also obtain the IP address of mask, gateway ip address and the IACP server of this network segment, the IP address of last IACP server according to getting access to sends the affirmation message that this unallocated IP address has been assigned with to the IACP server.
The embodiment of the invention adopts the IACP server initiatively to send the technological means of unallocated IP address, the unappropriated IP of client active obtaining address, overcome in the prior art when Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server and client are not on the same network segment, the DHCP Relay main frame that must additionally add just can be the problem of client distributing IP address, has saved deployment cost and has simplified network configuration.
Embodiment 1 is that the angle from client is described IACP address assignment solution, and following examples 2 will be described from the angle of IACP server.
Embodiment 2
Fig. 2 is a kind of IP address automatic allocating method flow chart that the embodiment of the invention provides, and as shown in Figure 2, described method comprises:
S201, the IACP server carries unappropriated IP address according to unallocated IP address generation IP message in this IP message.
In embodiments of the present invention, the IACP server generates the IP message according to unappropriated IP address (can be presented as the form of IP address list), comprises unappropriated IP address (one or more) in this IP message.
Be understandable that according to the difference of application scenarios, the IP message can be in different ways:
If the IACP server and client side is at the same network segment, then the IP message can be to survey the IP bag, comprising the IP address of mask, gateway ip address and the IACP server of place, the unallocated IP address network segment.
If the IACP server and client side is at the same network segment, then the IP message can be ARP request bag, comprises unappropriated IP address in this ARP request bag.
S202 is sent to described IP message the network segment at place, described unallocated IP address.
In embodiments of the present invention, the IACP server is sent to the IP message network segment at place, unallocated IP address.Be understandable that, " transmission " here, the mode that both can the employing cycle sends also can adopt the mode that sends after the Event triggered, below the mode that mainly sends take the cycle be described as example.
When the IP message is when surveying the IP bag, the IACP server periodically will be surveyed the couple in router that the IP bag is sent to the network segment at place, unallocated IP address, the follow-up bag according to detection IP by this couple in router generates ARP request bag, and ARP is asked to wrap the client that sends to the same network segment;
When the IP message was ARP request bag, the IACP server periodically was sent to ARP request bag the client of the network segment at place, unallocated IP address.
S203, the affirmation message that the unallocated IP address that the reception client sends has been assigned with.
In embodiments of the present invention, after unallocated IP address has been assigned to client, client can notify this IP address of IACP server to be assigned with by acknowledge message, that is, and and the affirmation message that the unallocated IP address that IACP server reception client sends has been assigned with.
Optionally, in embodiments of the present invention, the IP address automatic allocating method can also comprise step S204, according to the affirmation message that receives, the tabulation that refreshes unallocated IP address.
Concrete, in embodiments of the present invention, if include only an IP address in the IP message that the IACP server generates among the step S201, then after this IP address has been assigned with, the IACP server stops to send the IP message that comprises this IP address according to the affirmation message that receives, and the tabulation that refreshes unallocated IP address, tabulation according to the unallocated IP address after refreshing re-executes step S201, generates new IP message.
If comprise a plurality of IP address in the IP message that the IACP server generates among the step S201, then after wherein certain IP address is assigned with, the IACP server is according to the notification message that receives, refresh the tabulation of unallocated IP address, and re-execute step S201 according to the tabulation of the unallocated IP address after refreshing, generate new IP message.
The embodiment of the invention adopts the IACP server initiatively to send the technological means of unallocated IP address, the unappropriated IP of client active obtaining address, overcome in the prior art when Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server and client are not on the same network segment, the DHCP Relay main frame that must additionally add just can be the problem of client distributing IP address, has saved deployment cost and has simplified network configuration.
Embodiment 3
Fig. 3 is a kind of IP address automatic allocating method signaling diagram that the embodiment of the invention provides, in Fig. 3, client needs the distributing IP address, the IACP server provides the IP address assignment service, in the present embodiment, suppose IACP server and client not at the same network segment, as shown in Figure 3, described method comprises:
S301, the IACP server is surveyed the IP bag according to unallocated IP address generation, surveys in the IP bag and carries unappropriated IP address and routing iinformation.
In embodiments of the present invention, when the IP address that the IACP discovering server has been planned not yet dispenses, suppose that this IP address is IP1, the IACP server is take IP1 as purpose IP address, and take the IACP server ip address as source IP address, the IP bag is surveyed in generation.This IP bag can carry the mask-length of the IP1 place network segment, the gateway ip address of the IP1 place network segment (supposing that gateway ip address is IP0), and other optional information.This detection IP bag is designated surveys IP bag (IP1).When certain client obtains IP1, when externally sending the IP bag, this client can use mask-length and gateway ip address to produce routing iinformation.
S302, the IACP server sends detection IP bag to the couple in router of destination client.
In embodiments of the present invention, the destination client is the client of the unappropriated IP address ip 1 place network segment.
The IACP server will be surveyed the network segment that the IP bag is sent to place, unallocated IP address.In embodiments of the present invention, surveying IP bag (IP1) is a clean culture IP bag, bearer network is a three-layer network, survey the couple in router that IP bag (IP1) can be dealt into the IP1 place network segment, this couple in router also is the couple in router of certain client, supposes that this router is Router1.
Be understandable that, " transmission " here, the mode that both can the employing cycle sends also can adopt the mode that sends after the Event triggered, below the mode that mainly sends take the cycle be described as example.
The IACP server repeats to send this detection IP (IP1) bag with certain cycle T 1, just stops to send until certain client feedback IP1 distributes to have finished.T1 is a configurable time parameter, and T1 can be assumed to be 5 seconds herein.
S303, the couple in router of destination client is to the ARP request bag of whole target network segment broadcasting target ip address.
Because IP1 is a unappropriated IP address, although couple in router Router1 knows IP1 is at which network segment of oneself, but do not know the ethernet mac address that IP1 is corresponding, so, Router1 can be at the network segment broadcast arp request bag at IP1 place, this ARP request bag can be used for inquiring about MAC Address corresponding to IP1.This ARP request bag is designated ARP request bag (IP1) herein, any one client of the IP1 place network segment can receive this ARP request bag (IP1).
S304, client ARP ask bag, are used for surveying the IP address that may distribute.
In embodiments of the present invention, client 1 and 2 when the IP address, utilizes in the network that receives ARP request bag to survey the IP address that may distribute unallocated.In order to improve Systems balanth, this stage client is only processed ARP request bag, does not process gratuitous ARP request bag, arp response bag and gratuitous ARP respond packet.
Suppose that client 1 and 2 receives certain ARP request bag, detecting this ARP request bag is that inquiry IP address is the ethernet mac address of IP1, this ARP request bag can be called ARP request bag (IP1), then client 1 and 2 thinks that IP1 may be that the IACP server-assignment is to the IP address of this client, so all prepare to seize this IP address.Be understandable that if there are a plurality of clients all not to be assigned with the IP address in this network segment, and received this ARP request bag, then the client of all the unallocated IP addresses in this network segment all can prepare to seize this IP address.
S305, client sends the probe message (such as gratuitous ARP request bag) that comprises unallocated IP address;
In this step, client is by sending gratuitous ARP request bag, and whether detection of a target IP address is occupied.
In embodiments of the present invention, after client 1 and 2 is received ARP request bag (IP1), can be behind random delay, such as at T2 between T2+T3 after the random delay, send the gratuitous ARP request bag of IP1 in this network segment, this gratuitous ARP request bag is designated gratuitous ARP request bag (IP1).Gratuitous ARP request bag (IP1) carries the distinctive mark of IACP agreement, and method has a variety of, is not restricted herein, for example fills field at the mac frame of gratuitous ARP request bag (IP1) and has added the distinctive mark of 0x5A as the IACP agreement.T2 and T3 are configurable time parameters, can suppose that herein T2 and T3 are 100 milliseconds.
The effect of random delay is: the client that prevents all unallocated addresses in the network segment is sent out mutually gratuitous ARP request bag and is produced the Ethernet broadcast storm at synchronization.
S306, client judges whether target ip address is occupied;
In this step, whether the response message that client is replied according to other nodes of this network segment is surveyed this target ip address occupied.Response message can be arp response bag or gratuitous ARP respond packet.
Concrete, in embodiments of the present invention, the arp response bag is after the node in the network segment receives ARP request bag, when the IP address in the discovery ARP request bag is local ip address, sends arp response bag, the MAC Address corresponding to this IP address of announcement to transmitting terminal.Suppose that client 1 is received the arp response bag that client 2 sends in this step, show that then this target ip address is occupied.
When gratuitous ARP request bag is client wants with certain IP address as the IP address of this client, owing to do not know whether IP address conflict to occur, in order to broadcast the gratuitous ARP request bag of this IP address, if receive response, then expression clashes, otherwise then not conflict of expression.The gratuitous ARP respond packet be client wants with the IP address of certain IP address as this client, just this IP address of whole Ethernet at Ethernet broadcasting gratuitous ARP respond packet announcement is that this client is used.
Be understandable that to only have target ip address not used by other node, could be as the object that is preempted.
In embodiments of the present invention, any client must receive gratuitous ARP request bag, gratuitous ARP respond packet, arp response bag that other client is sent when this stage of being in.When client 1 or 2 is received gratuitous ARP respond packet (IP1) or arp response bag (IP1), show that this IP1 is occupied, get back at once the state of S304.
Client 1 or 2 does not namely receive in the time that at T4 gratuitous ARP respond packet (IP1) do not receive again arp response bag (IP1) after sending gratuitous ARP request bag (IP1), it is occupied to show that then this IP1 does not have, and client 1 or 2 enters S307.T4 is a configurable time parameter, can suppose that herein T4 is 1 second.
When IP1 has distributed to certain client, when this client is received any gratuitous ARP request bag (IP1), at once loopback arp response bag (IP1), receive how many bar gratuitous ARP request bags (IP1), with regard to how many bar arp response bags (IP1) of loopback, be used for notice IP1 and distributed to this client.
In order to improve the stability of a system, the client 1 and 2 that is in this stage can not processed ARP request bag.
S307 elects unique client to obtain IP1.
In embodiments of the present invention, the client that does not obtain the IP address reenters S304, and the client that obtains IP1 declares that then IP1 is assigned with, thereby enters S308.
The mode of client election has a variety of, only needs unique the getting final product of result of election.The comparative information of characteristics election is gratuitous ARP request bag (IP1) carrying by the distinctive mark that carries the IACP agreement, such as, this comparison information can be MAC Address.
Way to elect one: the client of ethernet mac value minimum obtains IP1.
In this mode, the globally unique characteristics of ethernet mac value of each client have been utilized.Client is from all gratuitous ARP request bags (IP1) that receive, pick out the gratuitous ARP request bag (IP1) of the distinctive mark that carries the IACP agreement, and from these gratuitous ARP request bags (IP1) the extraction source MAC Address, these MAC Address just in time are the MAC Address of all other clients of distributing IP address not yet in this network segment.The MAC Address of this client and these MAC Address are relatively.MAC value such as this client is minimum, and then this client obtains IP1, otherwise this client can not obtain IP1, and this client turns back to S304.
Way to elect two: the client of ethernet mac value maximum obtains IP1.
In this mode, be the globally unique characteristics of ethernet mac value of utilizing each client equally.Client is from all gratuitous ARP request bags (IP1) that receive, pick out the gratuitous ARP request bag (IP1) of the distinctive mark that carries the IACP agreement, and from these gratuitous ARP request bags (IP1) the extraction source MAC Address, these MAC Address just in time are the MAC Address of all other clients of distributing IP address not yet in this network segment.The MAC Address of this client and these MAC Address are relatively.If the MAC value of this client is maximum, then this client obtains IP1, otherwise this client can not obtain IP1, and this client turns back to S304.
Be understandable that, above-mentioned " election " is that the angle from a plurality of clients is described, if be described from a client, then can be understood as: this client will judge whether to obtain this IP address by this client, concrete judgment mode is: the comparison information that the gratuitous ARP request bag that sends according to other clients that receive carries, judge whether to obtain this unallocated IP address by this client, comparison information can be MAC Address.
S308, the client declaration IP1 that obtains the IP address owns for it.
In embodiments of the present invention, suppose it is that client 2 obtains IP1, to whole network segment broadcasting gratuitous ARP respond packet (IP1), declaration IP1 address is assigned with client 2, then enters S309 at once.
In order to improve the stability of a system, the client that is in this stage is not processed ARP request bag.
S309, the couple in router of notice client is surveyed the target MAC (Media Access Control) address of IP bag, and receives detection IP bag, obtains IACP server ip address and routing iinformation.
Concrete, in this step, client can be by the MAC Address of this client of arp response message informing couple in router, after couple in router receives this arp response message, the detection IP bag of depositing before sending, the client end is surveyed after the IP bag to this, can obtain information wherein.
In embodiments of the present invention, this step is used for receiving the detection IP bag (IP1) that leaves Router1 in.The effect of this step is: the one, survey IP bag (IP1) by receiving, and confirm that IP1 is the IP address of IACP server-assignment; The 2nd, analyze and survey IP bag (IP1), obtain the routing iinformations such as mask-length and gateway ip address, and other possible information, when also comprising the second gateway such as this network segment, can obtain the IP address of the second gateway; The 3rd, by surveying the source IP address of IP bag (IP1), draw the IACP server ip address, be used for client and confirm that to the IACP server IP1 has assigned.
Obtain the client 2 of IP1 to Router1 loopback arp response bag (IP1), to the MAC Address of Router1 notice the machine, suppose that this MAC Address is MAC1.Router1 sends take MAC1 as destination address to client 2 and surveys IP bag (IP1).
After client 2 obtains to survey IP bag (IP1), analyze mask, gateway ip address, the IACP server ip address of this IP bag and the acquisition client 2 place network segments, and other possible information, S310 then entered.
After client 2 was carried out S309, if do not receive that in the T5 time surveying IP wraps (IP1), this client 2 was returned S304.T5 is a configurable time parameter, can suppose that herein T5 is 10 seconds.T5 can be set more than or equal to T1 in addition, because after first detection IP bag (IP1) of IACP server transmission is abandoned by Router1, second detection IP bag (IP1) of IACP server transmission can wait for and receive with time enough to client.
S310, the client that obtains the IP address sends the affirmation message that unallocated IP address has been assigned with to the IP distribution server.
In this step, client notice IACP server purpose IP address ip 1 has assigned.
In embodiments of the present invention, this stage is used for notice IACP server ip 1 and has assigned, and can refresh the IP address assignment pond, and stops to send detection IP bag (IP1).Obtain the client 2 of IP1 take the IACP server as purpose IP address, and IP1 is source IP address, sends IP1 to the IACP server and distributed acknowledge message.The IACP server refreshes IP address assignment pond (IP address list) after receiving this IP bag, and stops to send detection IP bag (IP1).
More than be to survey the explanation that the IP bag situation that only to comprise a unallocated IP address be IP1 is carried out, when detection IP comprises a plurality of unallocated IP address, after IP address ip 1 that one of them is unallocated has assigned, the IP1 that the IACP server receives the client transmission has distributed acknowledge message, refresh the IP address assignment pond, and update detection IP bag.
So far, IP address ip 1 assigning process is finished.
The present invention can only utilize the most basic, the requisite function of IP network, does not need the optional function of IP network, just can finish automatic IP address and distribute, and can realize that client and IP address assignment server are in different IP network.A complete automatic configuration feature in IP address that does not need three layers of IP network specific function is provided.The compatible bearer network of this scheme is the application scenarios of two layers of Ethernet simultaneously.It can reach following effect:
1. reduce the three layers of IP network cost, because it only needs the most basic, the requisite function of network;
2. improve the automatically scope of application of configuration of IP address, can be because of the special function of needs, and can not realize that the IP address disposes automatically, thus reduce difficulty and the cost of IP address assignment;
3. compatible bearer network is the application scenarios of two layers of Ethernet, guarantees only need adopt the automatic distribution technique in a kind of IP address at three layers of IP network and two layers of ethernet network, reduces the network design cost.
Embodiment 4
Fig. 4 is a kind of IP address automatic allocating method signaling diagram that the embodiment of the invention provides, in Fig. 4, client needs the distributing IP address, and the IACP server provides the IP address assignment service, and the client of present embodiment and the IACP server IP address under the same network segment is distributed automatically.As shown in Figure 4, described method comprises:
S401, IACP server generate the detection IP bag of unallocated IP address, carry IP address and routing iinformation.
In embodiments of the present invention, this step is identical with embodiment 3 described S301, so do not repeat them here.
S402, IACP server send the ARP request bag of target ip address to local network segment.
In embodiments of the present invention, the IACP server wraps (IP1) if send detection IP, must know the MAC Address that IP1 is corresponding.Because IP1 is a unappropriated IP address, although the IACP server is known IP1 and oneself network segment that exists together, but do not know the ethernet mac address that IP1 is corresponding, the IACP server must be to the network segment broadcast arp request bag at the IP1 place, and this ARP asks bag can be used for inquiring about and obtains MAC Address corresponding to IP1.This ARP request bag can be called ARP request bag (IP1) herein, and any one client of the IP1 place network segment can receive this ARP request bag (IP1).
In embodiments of the present invention, the IACP server is sent to local network segment with ARP request bag (IP1).Be understandable that, " transmission " here, the mode that both can the employing cycle sends also can adopt the mode that sends after the Event triggered, below the mode that mainly sends take the cycle be described as example.
Ask bag (IP1) to be sent out away in order to guarantee ARP, the IACP server repeats to send ARP request bag (IP1) with certain cycle T 1, just stop transmission until certain client feedback IP1 distributes to have finished.T1 is a configurable time parameter, and T1 can be assumed to be 5 seconds herein.
S403, client ARP request bag is used for surveying the IP address that may distribute.
In embodiments of the present invention, this step is identical with embodiment 3 described S304, so do not repeat them here.
S404 sends gratuitous ARP request bag behind the client random delay, whether detection of a target IP address is used by other client.
In embodiments of the present invention, this step is identical with embodiment 3 described S305, so do not repeat them here.
S405, client detects whether receive arp response bag, gratuitous ARP respond packet, judges whether target ip address is occupied;
Be understandable that to only have target ip address not used by other node (such as client), could be with this Target IP as the object that is preempted.
In embodiments of the present invention, this step is identical with embodiment 3 described S306, so do not repeat them here.
S406, client elects unique client and obtains IP1.
In embodiments of the present invention, this step is identical with embodiment 3 described S307, so do not repeat them here.
S407, the client declaration IP1 that obtains the IP address owns for it, and other client must not be seized this IP address again.
In embodiments of the present invention, this step is identical with embodiment 3 described S308, so do not repeat them here.
S408, the MAC Address of this client of notice IACP server, and receive detection IP bag, obtain IACP server ip address and routing iinformation.
Concrete, in this step, client can be by the MAC Address of this client of arp response message informing server, after server receives this arp response message, the detection IP bag that generates before sending, the client end is surveyed after the IP bag to this, can obtain information wherein.
This step is used for receiving the detection IP bag (IP1) that leaves the IACP server in.The effect of this step is: the one, survey IP bag (IP1) by receiving, and confirm that IP1 is the IP address of IACP server-assignment; The 2nd, analyze and survey IP bag (IP1), obtain the routing iinformations such as mask-length and gateway ip address, and other possible information, when also comprising the second gateway such as this network segment, can obtain the IP address of the second gateway; The 3rd, by surveying the source IP address of IP bag (IP1), draw the IACP server ip address, be used for client and confirm that to the IACP server IP1 has assigned.
Obtain the client of IP1 to IACP server loopback arp response bag (IP1), to the MAC Address of IACP server notification the machine, suppose that this MAC Address is MAC1.The IACP server sends take MAC1 as destination address to this client and surveys IP bag (IP1).
After client obtains to survey IP bag (IP1), analyze mask, gateway ip address, the IACP server ip address of this IP bag and the acquisition client place network segment, and other possible information, step S409 then entered.
After client was carried out S408, if do not receive that in the T5 time surveying IP wraps (IP1), this client was returned S403.T5 is a configurable time parameter, can suppose that herein T5 is 10 seconds.T5 is more than or equal to T1 in addition, guarantee that client has time enough to receive second ARP request bag (IP1) that the IACP server sends, timely loopback arp response of client bag (IP1), IACP server send in time surveys IP bag (IP1) to client.
S409, this purpose of client notice IACP server IP address ip 1 has assigned.
In embodiments of the present invention, this step is identical with embodiment 3 described S310, so do not repeat them here.
So far, IP address ip 1 assigning process is finished.
The technical scheme that the embodiment of the invention provides, can only utilize the most basic, the requisite function of IP network, the optional function that does not need IP network just can be finished automatic IP address and distribute, and can realize that client and IP address assignment server are in different IP network.The technical scheme that the embodiment of the invention provides provides a complete automatic configuration feature in IP address that does not need three layers of IP network specific function.The compatible bearer network of this scheme is the application scenarios of two layers of Ethernet simultaneously.It can reach following effect:
1. reduce the three layers of IP network cost, because it only needs the most basic, the requisite function of network;
2. improve the automatically scope of application of configuration of IP address, can be because of the special function of needs, and can not realize that the IP address disposes automatically, thus reduce difficulty and the cost of IP address assignment;
3. compatible bearer network is the application scenarios of two layers of Ethernet, guarantees only need adopt the automatic distribution technique in a kind of IP address at three layers of IP network and two layers of ethernet network, reduces the network design cost.
Embodiment 5
Fig. 5 is the block diagram of a kind of IP address client 500 of providing of the embodiment of the invention, and as shown in Figure 5, IP address client 500 comprises: IP Receive message unit 501, IP address probe unit 502 and judging unit 503.
IP Receive message unit 501 is used for obtaining the IP message that comprises unallocated IP address.
In embodiments of the present invention, IP Receive message unit 501 is used for obtaining the IP message of couple in router or the transmission of IACP server, and the IP message can be the ARP request bag that comprises unallocated IP address.
IP address probe unit 502, whether occupied for the unallocated IP address of surveying the IP message that gets access to.
Fig. 6 is the block diagram of the IP address probe unit 502 that provides of the embodiment of the invention, and as shown in Figure 6, IP address probe unit 502 comprises: probe message sending module 601 and response message detecting module 602.
Probe message sending module 601 is used for sending the probe message that comprises unallocated IP address to other nodes of this network segment.
In embodiments of the present invention, probe message sending module 601 can be used for step S305 in the execution graph 3 or the step S404 among Fig. 4.
Response message detecting module 602 is used for the response message according to other nodes answers of this network segment, and whether survey described unallocated IP address occupied.
In embodiments of the present invention, response message detecting module 602 can be used for step S306 in the execution graph 3 or the step S405 among Fig. 4.
Judging unit 503 is used for not having in unallocated IP address judging whether to obtain described unallocated IP address by this client when occupied.
In embodiments of the present invention, judging unit 503 can be used for step S307 in the execution graph 3 or the step S406 among Fig. 4.Judging unit 503 can comprise: the first module is used for receiving the gratuitous ARP request bag that other clients send; The second module, the comparison information of the gratuitous ARP request bag carrying that other clients that are used for receiving according to the first module send judges whether to obtain described unallocated IP address by this client.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the IP address distributes client 500 to comprise automatically:
Response message transmitting element 504 is used for broadcasting occupied response message of unallocated IP address at this network segment after client obtains the IP address.
In embodiments of the present invention, response message transmitting element 504 can be used for step S308 in the execution graph 3 or the step S407 among Fig. 4.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the IP address distributes client 500 to comprise automatically:
IP information acquisition unit 505 is used for the IP address that obtains mask, gateway ip address and the IP distribution server of the described network segment behind client acquisition IP address.
In embodiments of the present invention, IP information acquisition unit 505 can be used for step S309 in the execution graph 3 or the step S408 among Fig. 4.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the IP address distributes client 500 to comprise automatically:
Acknowledge message transmitting element 506 is used for sending the affirmation message that described unallocated IP address has been assigned with to the IP distribution server after client obtains the IP address.Concrete, can according to the IP address of the IP distribution server that gets access to, send the affirmation message that unallocated IP address has been assigned with to the IP distribution server.
In embodiments of the present invention, acknowledge message transmitting element 506 can be used for step S310 in the execution graph 3 or the step S409 among Fig. 4.
The embodiment of the invention adopts the IACP server initiatively to send the technological means of unallocated IP address, the unappropriated IP of client active obtaining address, overcome in the prior art when Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server and client are not on the same network segment, the DHCP Relay main frame that must additionally add just can be the problem of client distributing IP address, has saved deployment cost and has simplified network configuration.
Embodiment 6
Fig. 7 is the block diagram of the automatic distribution server 700 in a kind of IP address that provides of the embodiment of the invention, and as shown in Figure 7, the automatic distribution server 700 in IP address comprises: IP message generation unit 701, IP packet sending unit 702 and acknowledge message receiving element 703.
IP message generation unit 701 is used for generating the IP message that comprises unallocated IP address.
IP packet sending unit 702, the IP message that is used for periodically the message generation unit being generated is sent to the network segment at place, described unallocated IP address.
Acknowledge message receiving element 703 is used for receiving the affirmation message that described unallocated IP address has been assigned with.
In embodiments of the present invention, acknowledge message receiving element 703 receives the affirmation message that IP address that clients send has been assigned with.
In embodiments of the present invention, IP packet sending unit 702 can be used for periodically sending.
Optionally, IP packet sending unit 702 can comprise: survey IP bag sending module, be used at client and IP address assignment server during not at the same network segment, will survey the IP bag and be sent to the couple in router of the network segment at place, described unallocated IP address; Accordingly, the IP packet sending unit is used for surveying the detection IP bag that IP bag generation module generates, and is sent to the couple in router of the network segment at place, unallocated IP address.
Optionally, IP packet sending unit 702 can comprise: ARP request bag generation module is used for during at the same network segment, generating the ARP request bag that comprises unallocated IP address at client and IP address assignment server; Accordingly, the IP packet sending unit is used for asking bag to be sent to the client of the network segment at place, unallocated IP address the ARP that this ARP request bag generation module generates.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the automatic distribution server 700 in IP address can also comprise:
The IP refresh unit 704 of tabulating is used for according to the notification message that receives, the tabulation that refreshes unallocated IP address.
In embodiments of the present invention, the IP address of having distributed is removed in the never tabulation of distributing IP address of notification message that IP tabulation refresh unit 704 bases receive, and forms the tabulation of new unallocated IP address.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the automatic distribution server 700 in IP address can also comprise:
Response message receiving element 705 be used for to receive obtains occupied response message of described unallocated IP address that the client of IP address sends.
IP information transmitting unit 706 is used for according to the response message that receives, and the IP address of mask, gateway ip address and the IP distribution server of the network segment at place, described unallocated IP address is sent to the client of described acquisition IP address.
In embodiments of the present invention, response message receiving element 705 and IP information transmitting unit 706 can be used for the step S309 of execution graph 3 or the step S408 among Fig. 4.
The embodiment of the invention adopts the IACP server initiatively to send the technological means of unallocated IP address, the unappropriated IP of client active obtaining address, overcome in the prior art when Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server and client are not on the same network segment, the DHCP Relay main frame that must additionally add just can be the problem of client distributing IP address, has saved deployment cost and has simplified network configuration.
Above-described embodiment; purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; institute is understood that; the above only is the specific embodiment of the present invention; the protection range that is not intended to limit the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of making, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (14)
1. an IP address automatic allocating method is characterized in that, described method comprises:
Client is obtained the IP message that comprises unallocated IP address;
Whether the unallocated IP address that client is surveyed in the IP message that gets access to is occupied;
If it is occupied that unallocated IP address does not have, then judge whether to obtain described unallocated IP address by this client, if so, then obtain described unallocated IP address;
When described client and IP address assignment server during not at the same network segment, described client is obtained the IP message that comprises unallocated IP address and is comprised: the first ARP request bag of the couple in router broadcasting of the described client of the described client place network segment, described the first ARP request bag is generated according to surveying the IP bag by described couple in router, described detection IP bag is generated by described IP address assignment server, comprises unappropriated IP address in described the first ARP request bag; Or
When described client and IP address assignment server during at the same network segment, described client is obtained the IP message that comprises unallocated IP address and comprised: the 2nd ARP request bag of the described IP address assignment server broadcast of described client comprises unappropriated IP address in described the 2nd ARP request bag.
2. IP address automatic allocating method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described client is surveyed unallocated IP address occupied the comprising whether in the IP message that gets access to:
Other nodes to this network segment send the probe message that comprises unallocated IP address;
Whether the response message of replying according to other nodes of this network segment is surveyed described unallocated IP address occupied.
3. IP address automatic allocating method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, describedly judges whether that obtaining described unallocated IP address by this client comprises:
The comparison information that the gratuitous ARP request bag that sends according to other clients that receive carries judges whether to obtain described unallocated IP address by this client.
4. according to claim 1 to 3 each described IP address automatic allocating methods, it is characterized in that after obtaining described unallocated IP address, described method also comprises:
The client that obtains the IP address is broadcasted occupied response message of described unallocated IP address at this network segment; And/or,
The client that obtains the IP address sends the affirmation message that described unallocated IP address has been assigned with to the IP address assignment server.
5. IP address client is characterized in that described client comprises:
IP Receive message unit is used for obtaining the IP message that comprises unallocated IP address;
IP address probe unit, whether occupied for the unallocated IP address of surveying the IP message that gets access to;
Judging unit is used for not having in unallocated IP address judging whether to obtain described unallocated IP address by this client when occupied;
When described client and IP address assignment server during not at the same network segment, described IP Receive message unit receives the first ARP request bag of the couple in router broadcasting of the described client place network segment, described the first ARP request bag is generated according to surveying the IP bag by described couple in router, described detection IP bag is generated by described IP address assignment server, comprises unappropriated IP address in described the first ARP request bag; Or
When described client and IP address assignment server during at the same network segment, described IP Receive message unit receives the 2nd ARP request bag of described IP address assignment server broadcast, comprises unappropriated IP address in described the 2nd ARP request bag.
6. IP according to claim 5 address client is characterized in that described IP address probe unit comprises:
The probe message sending module is used for sending the probe message that comprises unallocated IP address to other nodes of this network segment;
The response message detecting module is used for the response message according to other nodes answers of this network segment, and whether survey described unallocated IP address occupied.
7. IP according to claim 5 address client is characterized in that described judging unit comprises:
The first module is used for receiving the gratuitous ARP request bag that other clients send;
The second module, the comparison information of the gratuitous ARP request bag carrying that other clients that are used for receiving according to the first module send judges whether to obtain described unallocated IP address by this client.
8. according to claim 5 to 7 each described IP address clients, it is characterized in that described client also comprises:
The response message transmitting element is used for broadcasting occupied response message of described unallocated IP address at this network segment after this client obtains the IP address; And/or,
The acknowledge message transmitting element is used for sending the affirmation message that described unallocated IP address has been assigned with to the IP address assignment server after this client obtains the IP address.
9. an IP address automatic allocating method is characterized in that, described method comprises:
Generation comprises the IP message of unallocated IP address;
Described IP message is sent to the network segment at place, described unallocated IP address;
Receive the affirmation message that described unallocated IP address has been assigned with;
When client and IP address assignment server during not at the same network segment, described generation comprises that the IP message of unallocated IP address comprises: the tabulation according to unallocated IP address generates the detection IP bag that comprises unallocated IP address;
The described network segment that described IP message is sent to place, described unallocated IP address comprises: the couple in router that described detection IP bag is sent to the network segment at place, described unallocated IP address, so that described couple in router generates ARP request bag according to surveying the IP bag, and with the network segment of described ARP request packet broadcast to place, described unallocated IP address.
10. IP address automatic allocating method according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, when client and IP address assignment server during at the same network segment, described generation comprises that the IP message of unallocated IP address comprises: generate the ARP request bag that comprises unallocated IP address;
The described network segment that described IP message is sent to place, described unallocated IP address comprises: with the client of described ARP request packet broadcast to the network segment at place, described unallocated IP address.
11. IP address automatic allocating method according to claim 9 is characterized in that, before the affirmation message that has been assigned with in the described unallocated IP of described reception address, described method also comprises:
The described unallocated IP address that the client of reception acquisition IP address sends is occupied response message;
According to the response message that receives, the IP address of mask, gateway ip address and the IP address assignment server of the network segment at place, described unallocated IP address is sent to the client of described acquisition IP address.
12. to 11 each described IP address automatic allocating methods, it is characterized in that according to claim 9 after the affirmation message that the described unallocated IP of reception address has been assigned with, described method also comprises:
According to the affirmation message that receives, the tabulation that refreshes unallocated IP address.
13. the automatic distribution server in IP address is characterized in that described server comprises:
IP message generation unit is used for generating the IP message that comprises unallocated IP address;
The IP packet sending unit is used for the IP message that described message generation unit generates is sent to the network segment at place, described unallocated IP address;
The acknowledge message receiving element is used for receiving the affirmation message that described unallocated IP address has been assigned with;
Described IP message generation unit comprises:
Survey IP bag generation module, be used at the automatic distribution server of client and IP address during not at the same network segment, generate the detection IP bag that comprises unallocated IP address according to the tabulation of unallocated IP address;
ARP request bag generation module is used for during at the same network segment, generating the ARP request bag that comprises unallocated IP address at the automatic distribution server of client and IP address;
The automatic distribution server of client and IP address is not when the same network segment, described IP packet sending unit, be used for the detection IP that described detection IP bag generation module generates is wrapped, be sent to the couple in router of the network segment at place, described unallocated IP address, so that described couple in router generates ARP request bag according to surveying the IP bag, and with the network segment of described ARP request packet broadcast to place, described unallocated IP address;
The automatic distribution server of client and IP address is when the same network segment, and described IP packet sending unit is used for asking packet broadcast to the client of the network segment at place, described unallocated IP address the ARP that described ARP request bag generation module generates.
14. the automatic distribution server in IP according to claim 13 address is characterized in that described server also comprises:
The response message receiving element be used for to receive obtains occupied response message of described unallocated IP address that the client of IP address sends;
The IP information transmitting unit is used for according to the response message that receives, and the mask of the network segment at place, described unallocated IP address, the IP address of the automatic distribution server of gateway ip address and IP address are sent to the client of described acquisition IP address.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200910170885 CN101656763B (en) | 2009-09-11 | 2009-09-11 | IP address automatic distribution method, client and server |
| PCT/CN2010/076796 WO2011029406A1 (en) | 2009-09-11 | 2010-09-10 | Ip address automatic assignment method, equipment and system |
| EP10815008.7A EP2477361B1 (en) | 2009-09-11 | 2010-09-10 | Ip address automatic assignment method, equipment and system |
| US13/416,661 US9900183B2 (en) | 2009-09-11 | 2012-03-09 | IP address automatic assignment method, device, and system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 200910170885 CN101656763B (en) | 2009-09-11 | 2009-09-11 | IP address automatic distribution method, client and server |
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| CN101656763A CN101656763A (en) | 2010-02-24 |
| CN101656763B true CN101656763B (en) | 2013-03-13 |
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