CN101560088B - Autoclaved ceramic slag brick taking ceramic slag as main material and production method thereof - Google Patents
Autoclaved ceramic slag brick taking ceramic slag as main material and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101560088B CN101560088B CN2009100398431A CN200910039843A CN101560088B CN 101560088 B CN101560088 B CN 101560088B CN 2009100398431 A CN2009100398431 A CN 2009100398431A CN 200910039843 A CN200910039843 A CN 200910039843A CN 101560088 B CN101560088 B CN 101560088B
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- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 340
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 224
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 161
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 97
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 25
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000002431 foraging effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 11
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 29
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 24
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 24
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 7
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052925 anhydrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011469 building brick Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011455 calcium-silicate brick Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000013081 microcrystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011476 clinker brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011456 concrete brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009740 moulding (composite fabrication) Methods 0.000 description 1
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011470 perforated brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007494 plate polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003334 potential effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/08—Slag cements
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an autoclaved ceramic slag brick taking polished ceramic slag as a main material, which is prepared by the following raw materials in percentage by weight through batching, mixing, adding water for refining, aging, press forming and high-temperature autoclaved curing, wherein the polished ceramic slag comprises 30-90%, aggregate 0-60%, exciting agent 5-30% and admixture 0-20%; the polishing ceramic slag is waste slag obtained by dehydrating, drying and crushing slurry-shaped waste materials in a polishing production line of ceramic bricks or ceramic plates, and the particle size of the polishing ceramic slag is 0.15-50 mu m. Because the mixing amount of the polishing ceramic slag in the autoclaved ceramic slag brick is high, a large amount of polishing ceramic slag can be used, thereby greatly reducing the stacking amount of the polishing ceramic slag or basically eliminating the stacking amount of the polishing ceramic slag, and effectively solving the problems of large land occupation and various environmental pollution caused by the land occupation due to the landfill stacking.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an autoclaved brick and a production method thereof, in particular to an autoclaved ceramic slag brick taking polished ceramic slag as a main material and a production method thereof.
Background
1. The polishing ceramic slag is a slurry-like waste discharged from a ceramic polishing production line. At present, the architectural ceramics in China are widely applied in the building industry, so that the development of the architectural ceramics industry is rapid, the working procedures of grinding and polishing ceramic building materials such as porcelain bricks or porcelain plates are indispensable in the production of the architectural ceramics industry, and a large amount of ceramic solid waste residues, namely the polished porcelain residues, can be generated in the production process. The amount of the polishing slag discharged in the process of grinding and polishing the ceramic tiles/plates in the architectural ceramic factory is the largest, for example: more than 300 large-scale building ceramic plants exist in Fushan areas of Guangdong province, the number of various production lines is 2000, and the annual discharge amount of polished porcelain slag is more than 1000 million tons; the daily discharged polishing slag amount of only 400 polishing plate production lines in the Qingyuan market is about 4000 tons. The amount of waste slag generated by one porcelain plate polishing production line is about 6-8 tons/day, and the conventional method for treating the polished porcelain slag mostly adopts stacking and burying modes. At present, the accumulated ceramic polishing ceramic slag exceeds thousands of tons, not only occupies a large amount of stacking sites and causes a plurality of pollution problems, but also influences the expanded reproduction of enterprises. The polishing porcelain slag generated in the grinding and polishing procedures of the porcelain tiles is flushed by running water, the polishing porcelain slag contains a large amount of water and cannot be dried in a long time, so that not only is the soil environment of a stacking area damaged, but also the land cannot be utilized for a long time, and the polishing porcelain slag is flushed by rainwater in rainy days to flow into farmlands to damage the growth of crops or flow into rivers, ponds, farmlands and ditches to cause the polder to be deposited and buried and blocked. Even if the polished porcelain slag is dried, the particles of the polished porcelain slag are quite small and are loose powder after being dried, so that dust is easy to fly to pollute the air and the environment. The treatment and utilization of the polished porcelain slag become problems to be solved urgently.
2. The production and use conditions of the wall material variety and the brick in China are as follows: at present, the domestic existing wall materials are divided into three types, namely bricks, building blocks and wallboards, wherein the bricks are divided into clay bricks, sand-lime bricks, concrete bricks, stone slag bricks, fly ash bricks and various waste slag bricks taking various industrial waste slag as raw materials. The brick is produced by using clay, sand, stone chips, lime, cement, gypsum or fly ash as material and through compounding, mixing, forming, curing and other steps, and is produced into brick with natural clay as main material, red brick, sand and other products as main material and through steaming, pressing, curing, etc. it is also favorable to use various industrial waste slag as material.
As the economic construction of China is developed rapidly and unprecedentedly, the using amount of bricks is huge, the using amounts of main raw materials of clay and natural sand of the bricks are increased suddenly, and the density of the solid lime-sand brick is large (about 1800 kg/m)3) The method consumes a large amount of natural sand resources, the natural sand is exhausted in some areas, the ecological environment is seriously damaged, cultivated land and environment are protected according to the wall material reforming policy of China, solid bricks fired by clay are forbidden, and gray sand bricks mainly using the natural sand do not belong to the field of new wall materials, so that the method for replacing the natural sand and the clay by using industrial waste residues as raw materials is one of the hot spots of the current brick improvement research.
The common bricks taking waste residues as raw materials in China in nearly ten years include fly ash bricks, various slag sintered bricks, autoclaved bricks and steam cured bricks. As the fly ash, the slag and the furnace slag are materials with hydration potential activity, and the fly ash, the slag powder and the like can form silicate materials with lime alkaline substances under the condition of high-temperature steam curing in the presence of an alkaline excitant, the fly ash, the slag powder and the like are widely applied to the aspect of brick making as raw materials, the technology is mature, and relevant product standards and application technical rules exist.
3. For a long time, the ceramic polishing slag is accumulated to pollute the environment and hinder the re-development of the industry, and the ceramic polishing slag has not been applied to the aspects of sintering light ceramic tiles, light ceramic particles, cement admixtures, mortar concrete admixtures and the like by a few people, but the dosage is limited, and particularly when the polishing slag is doped in the process of manufacturing cement tiles, the strength is obviously reduced along with the increase of the doping amount. The inventor finds that the polished porcelain slag does not have hydraulic gel property, hydration reaction can not occur even if water is added, namely, the polished porcelain slag does not coagulate and is not hardened, and bricks obtained by pressing do not have compressive strength. Even if the pressed brick is cured for 28 days at normal temperature when a gangue excitant (such as lime) is added into the polished porcelain slag, the compressive strength in a dry state is very low. Therefore, the polished porcelain slag has no activity for a long time, and is considered to be applied to sintered bricks and light porcelain granules or used as an admixture of cement and cement pressed bricks, and the dosage of the polished porcelain slag is low. In the production practice, no effective utilization technology and product capable of applying a large amount of polished porcelain slag as a production raw material exist so far, most of the prior polished porcelain slag is still buried, stored and stacked, and the pollution and the harm to the environment are increased day by day.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an autoclaved ceramic slag brick taking polished ceramic slag as a main material by utilizing industrial waste slag, which not only can meet the technical requirements of building bricks, but also can solve the problem of environmental pollution caused by polished ceramic slag waste.
The invention also aims to provide a production method of the autoclaved ceramic slag brick.
The first object of the invention is achieved by the following technical measures: an autoclaved ceramic slag brick taking polished ceramic slag as a main material is prepared by the following raw materials in percentage by weight through batching, mixing, adding water for refining, aging, press forming and autoclaving maintenance:
30-90% of polished porcelain slag, 0-60% of aggregate, 5-30% of excitant and 0-20% of admixture;
wherein,
the polishing ceramic slag is waste slag obtained by dehydrating, drying and crushing slurry-shaped waste materials in a polishing production line of ceramic bricks or ceramic plates, and the particle size of the polishing ceramic slag is 0.15-50 mu m.
The autoclaved ceramic slag brick disclosed by the invention has the following preferred raw material proportions by weight:
45-85% of polished porcelain slag, 0-50% of aggregate, 5-25% of excitant and 0-15% of admixture.
The autoclaved ceramic slag brick disclosed by the invention comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
62-85% of polished porcelain slag, 0-33% of aggregate, 5-20% of excitant and 0-15% of admixture.
The polishing ceramic slag is waste slag obtained by dehydrating, drying and crushing slurry-like waste materials in a polishing production line of ceramic bricks or ceramic plates. The grain size of the polishing porcelain slag is 0.15-50 μm, the average grain size is about 10 μm, and the intermediate grain size is about 8.8 μm. The polishing porcelain slag contains more than 60 percent of silicon dioxide, 15.00 to 25.00 percent of aluminum oxide, 0.20 to 0.50 percent of ferric oxide, 0.50 to 2.00 percent of calcium oxide, 4.00 to 6.00 percent of magnesium oxide, 0.90 to 1.50 percent of potassium oxide, 2.40 to 3.50 percent of sodium oxide, 0.10 to 0.25 percent of titanium oxide and 5.00 to 13.00 percent of caustics. The inventor finds that the polished porcelain slag does not have hydraulic gel performance and can not generate hydration reaction when being added with water, but the brick pressed and formed by taking the polished porcelain slag as a raw material can generate certain compressive strength after being cured by steam at 80 ℃; and when the alkaline activator (such as lime) is added into the polished ceramic slag, the compressive strength of the autoclaved ceramic slag brick produced by autoclaved curing of the pressed brick at the saturated water vapor condition of 175-197 ℃ can reach more than 10MPa, and the autoclaved ceramic slag brick can meet the strength standard of the brick.
In addition, the polishing ceramic slag also contains superfine powder particles, the superfine particles show surface effect under certain conditions and have higher surface activity and chemical binding energy, the superfine particles are firstly subjected to hydration reaction with an exciting agent in the initial stage of autoclaved curing, are converted into microcrystals or gel with incomplete crystallization, and then are gradually expanded into thicker particles to be subjected to hydration reaction, and generated hydration products are coated on the surfaces of the unreacted thicker polishing ceramic slag particles or aggregate particles and are gradually expanded into gaps among the particles to be gradually connected and interwoven to form a crystal intergrowth to consolidate all components in the brick together to generate higher physical and mechanical properties. These products can be set and hardened in air and can continue to maintain strength in water.
The aggregate of the invention refers to medium sand or coarse sand, or one or the mixture of two or more of stone slag, broken ceramic solid slag, furnace slag, steel slag or slag with the same grain size range as the medium sand or the coarse sand.
The particle size of the stone slag, the ceramic solid slag, the furnace slag, the steel slag or the slag used as the aggregate can be in the range of 0.125-6 mm.
The activator is an alkaline activator, and the alkaline activator is lime (CaO), Ca (OH)2、NaOH、 KOH、Na2O·nSiO2、K2O·nSiO2And Mg (OH)2One or a mixture of two or more of the above; can also be activated under alkaline conditionOn the basis of the activator, one or two or more than two of sulfate activator, cement and material containing activator components are added and mixed. The sulfate excitant is gypsum (CaSO)4·2H2O)、CaSO4·1/2H2O、CaSO4One or a mixture of two or more of chemical gypsum and desulfurized gypsum. The material containing the exciting agent component refers to alkaline industrial slag: the waste slag (slurry), carbide slag and red mud discharged by centrifugal forming in concrete pipe pile factory are industrial by-products.
The preferred proportion of the excitant is as follows: the dosage of the alkali activator is at least 3 percent of the total weight of the autoclaved ceramic slag brick raw material, namely the minimum dosage is not less than 3 percent of the total weight of the autoclaved ceramic slag brick raw material, and the dosage of the sulfate activator is 0 to 3 percent of the total weight of the autoclaved ceramic slag brick raw material. The research shows that when the sulfate excitant is added, the compressive strength of the autoclaved ceramic slag brick is greatly increased, because under the conditions of high temperature and water vapor, silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide in the polished ceramic slag and the excitant are subjected to hydration reaction to form silicate, aluminate, sulphoaluminate and other series hydration products with different alkalinity, gel or crystal is generated, and the polished ceramic slag brick molded by pressing is gradually hardened to generate strength. Because the content of aluminum oxide in the polished ceramic slag is higher than that of fine sand, more hydrated aluminate is generated under the condition of an alkaline activator, and the sulfate activator and the hydrated aluminate form sulphoaluminate columnar crystals, the strength of the autoclaved ceramic slag brick can be further increased.
The exciting agent of the invention is further optimized by the following mixture ratio: the dosage of the alkali activator is at least 5 percent of the total weight of the autoclaved ceramic slag brick raw material, namely the minimum dosage is not less than 5 percent of the total weight of the autoclaved ceramic slag brick raw material, and the dosage of the sulfate activator is 0-2.5 percent of the total weight of the autoclaved ceramic slag brick raw material.
The admixture of the invention is one or the mixture of two or more of fly ash, silica fume and ground slag powder.
The autoclaved ceramic slag brick can be made into bricks in the same form as the bricks in the prior art by using different moulds, such as a solid brick or a perforated brick, and the shape of the autoclaved ceramic slag brick can be made into a rectangular brick or a special-shaped brick, and can also be made into a decorative brick with stripes or floriation on the surface.
The second purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the production method of the autoclaved ceramic slag brick comprises the following operation steps:
(1) pretreatment of polished porcelain slag: carrying out dehydration, drying and crushing treatment on the polished porcelain slag slurry to enable the polished porcelain slag slurry to be in a polished porcelain slag block or granular powder shape;
(2) raw material metering: weighing the raw materials of the ceramic slag brick in percentage by weight;
(3) preparing materials: uniformly mixing the raw materials metered in the step (2) to obtain a mixture, and then adding a proper amount of water to stir and mix to form a loose and uniform wet-mixed material;
(4) aging: feeding the wet-mixed material obtained in the step (3) into an aging bin for aging;
(5) and (3) pressing and forming: taking out the mixture aged in the step (4), removing the caking and homogenizing, and conveying to a forming machine for compression forming to obtain a porcelain slag adobe;
(6) steam pressure curing: conveying the porcelain slag adobe prepared in the step (5) into an autoclave, and carrying out autoclaved curing in saturated water vapor at 175-210 ℃ for 7-10 hours;
(7) and (3) finished product: and (4) taking out the ceramic slag brick treated in the step (6) to obtain a finished ceramic slag brick product.
The polished porcelain slag slurry in the step (1) is generally dehydrated by adopting a squeezing dehydration process, and the polished porcelain slag slurry is squeezed into a block material with the water content of 30-50%. The drying in the step (1) can be performed by natural air drying or drying. The crushing in the step (1) is carried out by adopting a stirrer, and the dried polished porcelain slag blocks are loose in texture and can be crushed by stirring through a common stirrer.
The water consumption during the batching has larger influence on the green brick forming, the brick is easy to be broken when the water consumption is less, the mixture with more water is easy to be caked, and the brick is easy to crack. The water consumption is determined according to the factors of raw materials, proportion, climate, molding pressure and the like, so that the water added in the step (3) accounts for 8-35% of the total weight of the mixture.
In the step (6), the autoclaved curing temperature of the porcelain slag adobe in the autoclave is 175-197 ℃.
The aging time of the mixture in the step (4) is preferably 2-6 hours, the preferred aging time is 2-4 hours, and an intermittent aging bin or a continuous aging bin can be adopted as the aging bin.
The pressure for the compression molding of the porcelain slag adobe in the step (5) of the invention is more than 12Mpa, preferably 15 Mpa.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) effectively solving the problem of environmental pollution caused by the polishing porcelain slag: because the mixing amount of the polishing ceramic slag in the autoclaved ceramic slag brick is high, a large amount of polishing ceramic slag can be used, thereby greatly reducing the stacking amount of the polishing ceramic slag or basically eliminating the stacking amount of the polishing ceramic slag, and effectively solving the problems of large land occupation and various environmental pollution caused by the land occupation due to the landfill stacking.
(2) The method has the advantages of waste utilization and waste change, and good social and economic benefits: the autoclaved ceramic slag brick prepared by using the polished ceramic slag to replace clay, sand ash and the like as main raw materials for brick making can reach the strength standard of the sand ash brick in use strength, and becomes one of effective substitutes of the sand ash brick; not only saves the cost for processing the polished porcelain slag, but also can further generate economic benefits, thereby achieving two purposes; meanwhile, a way for transferring the production is provided for adapting the existing lime-sand brick factory to the wall material reforming policy of banned clay and sand in China for protecting cultivated land and environment; therefore, the invention has good social and economic benefits.
(3) The autoclaved ceramic slag brick has stable performance and high compressive strength: the autoclaved ceramic slag brick is pressed by using the polished ceramic slag as a main raw material to act with an excitant, and is gradually hardened to generate higher strength through autoclaved curing, so that the autoclaved ceramic slag brick can meet the technical standard of the building brick. In addition, the sulfate excitant is added on the basis of the alkaline excitant, the compression strength of the autoclaved ceramic slag brick can be further improved, the later performance is stable, and the autoclaved ceramic slag brick can be used for walls and other parts of general building engineering and municipal engineering.
(4) The invention has short aging time: the invention utilizes the characteristic of quick reaction time of the small polished porcelain slag and the excitant, so the ageing time is as fast as 2 hours.
(5) The production method of the invention saves energy consumption and reduces cost: the polished ceramic slag is ceramic industrial waste slag, is large in amount and easy to obtain, is loose fine powder, can be crushed only by stirring with a common stirrer, does not need a ball mill for grinding or a crusher for crushing, saves processing energy consumption, does not need to change greatly by adopting the original production process and equipment of autoclaved sand-lime bricks, saves investment, has large mixing amount of waste slag and can reduce production cost.
Detailed Description
The production line of the autoclaved ceramic slag bricks in the following embodiments can be the existing production line of the autoclaved silicate bricks. The used aging bin adopts an intermittent aging bin or a continuous aging bin, the forming machine adopts a rotating disc type press or a bidirectional pneumatic hydraulic forming machine, the stirring machine adopts a double-shaft stirring machine or a planetary forced stirring machine, and the conveying adopts a screw conveyor and a belt conveyor.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the raw material ratio is as follows: (weight percent)
34 percent of polished porcelain slag, 5 percent of lime, 1 percent of gypsum and 60 percent of stone slag with the particle size of 0.125-6 mm
Preparing the autoclaved ceramic slag brick:
(1) pretreatment of polished porcelain slag: collecting polishing slag slurry in a ceramic tile grinding and polishing production line, squeezing and dehydrating the slurry to form a block material with the water content of 30%, naturally drying the block material in the air, and stirring and crushing the block material in a double-shaft stirrer to form the polishing ceramic slag block or particle powder for later use, wherein the cleanliness of the polishing ceramic slag is kept in the treatment process, and impurities cannot be mixed in the polishing ceramic slag block or particle powder;
(2) metering: the raw materials of the polished porcelain slag brick are measured according to the weight percentage;
(3) preparing materials: feeding the polished porcelain slag, the lime, the gypsum and the stone slag which are measured in the step (2) into a stirrer to be uniformly mixed to obtain a mixture, and then adding water accounting for 15 percent of the total weight of the mixture to continue stirring and mixing to form a loose wet-mixed mixture;
(4) aging: feeding the wet mixed material obtained in the step (3) into an aging bin for aging for 4 hours;
(5) and (3) pressing and forming: taking out the mixture aged in the step (4), removing blocks through a macroporous reinforcing mesh, feeding the mixture into a stirrer for stirring and dispersing into loose materials, conveying the loose materials to a forming machine by using a screw conveyor and a belt conveyor, and performing compression forming by using the pressure of about 15Mpa to obtain a porcelain slag brick blank;
(6) steam pressure curing: feeding the ceramic slag adobe pressed and molded in the step (5) into a high-pressure kettle, and curing for 9 hours in saturated steam at about 180 ℃;
(7) finished product stacking: and (4) taking out the ceramic slag bricks treated in the step (6) and stacking to obtain the finished autoclaved ceramic slag bricks. The density of the obtained autoclaved ceramic slag brick is 1650kg/m3And the compressive strength is 5.1 MPa.
Example two:
the raw material ratio is as follows: (weight percent)
50 percent of polished porcelain slag, 10 percent of lime, 2 percent of desulfurized gypsum and 38 percent of medium sand
Preparing the autoclaved ceramic slag brick:
(1) pretreatment of polished porcelain slag: collecting polishing slag slurry in a ceramic tile grinding and polishing production line, squeezing and dehydrating the slurry to form a block material with the water content of 50%, naturally drying the block material in the air, and stirring and crushing the block material in a double-shaft stirrer to form the polishing ceramic slag block or particle powder for later use, wherein the cleanliness of the polishing ceramic slag is kept in the treatment process, and impurities cannot be mixed in the polishing ceramic slag block or particle powder;
(2) metering: the raw materials of the ceramic slag brick are measured according to the weight percentage;
(3) preparing materials: feeding the polished porcelain slag, the lime, the desulfurized gypsum and the medium sand which are measured in the step (2) into a stirrer to be uniformly mixed to obtain a mixture, and then adding water accounting for 20 percent of the total weight of the mixture to be stirred and mixed to form a loose wet-mixed mixture;
(4) aging: feeding the wet mixed material obtained in the step (3) into an aging bin for aging for 6 hours;
(5) and (3) pressing and forming: taking out the mixture aged in the step (4), removing blocks through a macroporous reinforcing mesh, feeding the mixture into a stirrer for stirring and dispersing into loose materials, conveying the loose materials to a forming machine by using a screw conveyer and a belt conveyor, and performing compression forming by using pressure of more than 12Mpa to obtain a porcelain slag brick blank;
(6) steam pressure curing: feeding the ceramic slag adobe pressed and molded in the step (5) into a high-pressure kettle, and curing for 9 hours in saturated steam at about 180 ℃;
(7) finished product stacking: and (4) taking out the ceramic slag bricks treated in the step (6) and stacking to obtain the finished autoclaved ceramic slag bricks. The density of the obtained autoclaved ceramic slag brick is 1610kg/m3And the compressive strength is 9.7 MPa.
Example three:
the raw material ratio is as follows: (weight percent)
56 percent of polished porcelain slag, 12 percent of lime, 1.5 percent of desulfurized gypsum, 11.5 percent of slag powder and 19 percent of medium sand
Preparing the autoclaved ceramic slag brick:
(1) pretreatment of polished porcelain slag: collecting polishing slag slurry in a ceramic tile grinding and polishing production line, then carrying out squeezing and dehydration to obtain a block material with the water content of 40%, then drying, and then stirring and crushing in a double-shaft stirrer to make the polishing ceramic slag slurry into polishing ceramic slag blocks or particles for later use, wherein the cleanliness of the polishing ceramic slag is kept in the treatment process, and impurities cannot be mixed in the polishing ceramic slag blocks or particles;
(2) metering: the raw materials of the ceramic slag brick are measured according to the weight percentage;
(3) preparing materials: feeding the polished porcelain slag, the lime, the desulfurized gypsum, the slag powder and the medium sand which are measured in the step (2) into a stirrer to be uniformly mixed to obtain a mixture, and adding water accounting for 15 percent of the total weight of the mixture to be stirred and mixed to form a loose wet-mixed material;
(4) aging: feeding the wet mixed material obtained in the step (3) into an aging bin for aging for 2 hours;
(5) and (3) pressing and forming: taking out the wet mixed material aged in the step (4), removing blocks through a macroporous reinforcing mesh, feeding the wet mixed material into a stirrer for stirring and dispersing into loose materials, conveying the loose materials to a forming machine by using a screw conveyer and a belt conveyor, and performing compression forming by using pressure of more than 15Mpa to obtain a porcelain slag green brick;
(6) steam pressure curing: feeding the ceramic slag adobe pressed and molded in the step (5) into a high-pressure kettle, and curing for 10 hours in saturated water vapor at the temperature of 180 ℃;
(7) finished product stacking: and (4) taking out the ceramic slag bricks treated in the step (6) and stacking to obtain the finished autoclaved ceramic slag bricks. The density of the obtained autoclaved ceramic slag brick is 1580kg/m3And the compressive strength is 16.6 MPa.
Example four:
the raw material ratio is as follows: (weight percent)
62 percent of polished porcelain slag, 10.5 percent of lime, 1.5 percent of gypsum and 26 percent of stone slag with the grain diameter of 0.125-6 mm
Preparing the autoclaved ceramic slag brick:
(1) pretreatment of polished porcelain slag: collecting polishing slag slurry in a ceramic tile grinding and polishing production line, squeezing and dehydrating the slurry to form a block material with the water content of 35%, naturally drying the block material in the air, and stirring and crushing the block material in a double-shaft stirrer to form the polishing ceramic slag block or particle powder for later use, wherein the cleanliness of the polishing ceramic slag is kept in the treatment process, and impurities cannot be mixed in the polishing ceramic slag block or particle powder;
(2) metering: the raw materials of the ceramic slag brick are measured according to the weight percentage;
(3) preparing materials: feeding the polished porcelain slag, the lime, the gypsum and the stone slag which are measured in the step (2) into a stirrer to be uniformly mixed to obtain a mixture, and adding water accounting for 15 percent of the total weight of the mixture to be stirred and mixed to form a loose wet-mixed mixture;
(4) aging: feeding the wet mixed material obtained in the step (3) into an aging bin for aging for 4 hours;
(5) and (3) pressing and forming: taking out the wet mixed material aged in the step (4), removing blocks through a macroporous reinforcing mesh, feeding the wet mixed material into a stirrer for stirring and dispersing into loose materials, conveying the loose materials to a forming machine by using a screw conveyer and a belt conveyor, and performing compression forming by using the pressure of about 15Mpa to obtain a porcelain slag green brick;
(6) steam pressure curing: feeding the ceramic slag adobe pressed and molded in the step (5) into a high-pressure kettle, and curing for 10 hours in saturated water vapor at the temperature of 180 ℃;
(7) finished product stacking: and (4) taking out the ceramic slag bricks treated in the step (6) and stacking to obtain the finished autoclaved ceramic slag bricks. The density of the obtained autoclaved ceramic slag brick is 1700kg/m3And the compressive strength is 14.4 MPa.
Example five:
the raw material ratio is as follows: (weight percent)
72 percent of polished porcelain slag, 13.5 percent of lime, 2.5 percent of gypsum and 12 percent of stone slag with the grain diameter of 0.125-6 mm
Preparing the autoclaved ceramic slag brick:
(1) pretreatment of polished porcelain slag: collecting polishing slag slurry in a ceramic tile grinding and polishing production line, squeezing and dehydrating the slurry to form a block material with the water content of 45%, naturally drying the block material in the air, and stirring and crushing the block material in a double-shaft stirrer to enable the polishing ceramic slag slurry to be a polishing ceramic slag block or particle powder for later use, wherein the cleanliness of the polishing ceramic slag is kept in the treatment process, and impurities cannot be mixed in the polishing ceramic slag;
(2) metering: the raw materials of the ceramic slag brick are measured according to the weight percentage;
(3) preparing materials: sending the polished porcelain slag, the lime, the gypsum and the stone slag which are measured in the step (2) into a stirrer of a machine to be uniformly mixed to obtain a mixture, adding water accounting for 16 percent of the total weight of the mixture to continue stirring and mixing to form a loose wet-mixed mixture;
(4) aging: feeding the wet-mixed material obtained in the step (3) into an aging bin for aging for 3 hours;
(5) and (3) pressing and forming: taking out the wet mixed material aged in the step (4), removing blocks through a macroporous reinforcing mesh, feeding the wet mixed material into a stirrer for stirring and dispersing into loose materials, conveying the loose materials to a forming machine by using a screw conveyer and a belt conveyor, and performing compression forming by using the pressure of about 15Mpa to obtain a porcelain slag green brick;
(6) steam pressure curing: feeding the ceramic slag adobe pressed and molded in the step (5) into a high-pressure kettle, and curing for 9 hours in saturated water vapor at 186 ℃;
(7) finished product stacking: and (4) taking out the ceramic slag bricks treated in the step (6) and stacking to obtain the finished autoclaved ceramic slag bricks. The density of the obtained autoclaved porcelain slag brick is 1550 kg-m3And the compressive strength is 16.8 MPa.
Example six:
the raw material ratio is as follows: (weight percent)
Polished porcelain 80%, lime 12.5%, gypsum 1.5% and cement 6%
Preparing the autoclaved ceramic slag brick:
(1) pretreatment of polished porcelain slag: collecting polishing slag slurry in a ceramic tile grinding and polishing production line, squeezing and dehydrating the slurry to form a block material with the water content of 30%, naturally drying the block material in the air, and stirring and crushing the block material in a double-shaft stirrer to form the polishing ceramic slag block or particle powder for later use, wherein the cleanliness of the polishing ceramic slag is kept in the treatment process, and impurities cannot be mixed in the polishing ceramic slag block or particle powder;
(2) metering: the raw materials of the ceramic slag brick are measured according to the weight percentage;
(3) preparing materials: feeding the polished porcelain slag, the lime, the gypsum and the cement which are measured in the step (2) into a stirrer to be uniformly mixed to obtain a mixture, and adding water accounting for 18 percent of the total weight of the mixture to be stirred and mixed to form a loose wet-mixed mixture;
(4) aging: feeding the wet-mixed material obtained in the step (3) into an aging bin for aging for 3 hours;
(5) and (3) pressing and forming: taking out the wet mixed material aged in the step (4), removing blocks through a macroporous reinforcing mesh, feeding the wet mixed material into a stirrer for stirring and dispersing into loose materials, conveying the loose materials to a forming machine by using a screw conveyer and a belt conveyor, and performing compression forming by using the pressure of about 15Mpa to obtain a porcelain slag green brick;
(6) steam pressure curing: feeding the ceramic slag adobe pressed and molded in the step (5) into a high-pressure kettle, and curing for 8 hours in saturated water vapor at 186 ℃;
(7) finished product stacking: and (4) taking out the ceramic slag bricks treated in the step (6) and stacking to obtain the finished autoclaved ceramic slag bricks. Density of the obtained autoclaved ceramic slag brickDegree 1430kg/m3And the compressive strength is 18.6 MPa.
Example seven:
the raw material ratio is as follows: (weight percent)
Polished porcelain slag 86%, lime 12% and gypsum 2%
Preparing the autoclaved ceramic slag brick:
(1) pretreatment of polished porcelain slag: collecting polishing slag slurry in a ceramic tile grinding and polishing production line, squeezing and dehydrating the slurry to form a block material with 48 percent of water content, naturally drying the block material in the air, and stirring and crushing the block material in a double-shaft stirrer to enable the polishing ceramic slag slurry to be a polishing ceramic slag block or particle powder for later use, wherein the cleanliness of the polishing ceramic slag is kept in the treatment process, and impurities cannot be mixed in the polishing ceramic slag;
(2) metering: the raw materials of the ceramic slag brick are measured according to the weight percentage;
(3) preparing materials: feeding the polished porcelain slag, the lime and the gypsum which are measured in the step (2) into a stirrer to be uniformly mixed to obtain a mixture, and adding water accounting for 18 percent of the total weight of the mixture to be stirred and mixed to form a loose wet mixed material;
(4) aging: feeding the wet-mixed material obtained in the step (3) into an aging bin for aging for 3 hours;
(5) and (3) pressing and forming: taking out the wet mixed material aged in the step (4), removing blocks through a macroporous reinforcing mesh, feeding the wet mixed material into a stirrer for stirring and dispersing into loose materials, conveying the loose materials to a forming machine by using a screw conveyor and a belt conveyor, and performing compression forming by using about 15Mpa to obtain a porcelain slag green brick;
(6) steam pressure curing: feeding the ceramic slag adobe pressed and molded in the step (5) into a high-pressure kettle, and curing for 9 hours in saturated water vapor at the temperature of 180 ℃;
(7) finished product stacking: and (4) taking out the ceramic slag bricks treated in the step (6) and stacking to obtain the finished autoclaved ceramic slag bricks. The obtained autoclaved ceramic slag brick has the density of 1420kg/m3And the compressive strength is 11.1 MPa.
Example eight:
the raw material ratio is as follows: (weight percent)
Polished porcelain 85%, lime 13%, gypsum 2%
Preparing the autoclaved ceramic slag brick:
(1) pretreatment of polished porcelain slag: collecting polishing slag slurry in a ceramic tile grinding and polishing production line, squeezing and dehydrating the slurry to form a block material with the water content of 33%, naturally drying the block material in the air, and stirring and crushing the block material in a double-shaft stirrer to form the polishing ceramic slag block or particle powder for later use, wherein the cleanliness of the polishing ceramic slag is kept in the treatment process, and impurities cannot be mixed in the polishing ceramic slag block or particle powder;
(2) metering: the raw materials of the ceramic slag brick are measured according to the weight percentage;
(3) preparing materials: feeding the polished porcelain slag, the lime and the gypsum which are measured in the step (2) into a stirrer to be uniformly mixed to obtain a mixture, and adding water accounting for 18 percent of the total weight of the mixture to be stirred and mixed to form a loose wet mixed material;
(4) aging: feeding the wet-mixed material obtained in the step (3) into an aging bin for aging for 3 hours;
(5) and (3) pressing and forming: taking out the wet mixed material aged in the step (4), removing blocks through a macroporous reinforcing mesh, feeding the wet mixed material into a stirrer for stirring and dispersing into loose materials, conveying the loose materials to a forming machine by using a screw conveyer and a belt conveyor, and performing compression forming by using the pressure of about 15Mpa to obtain a porcelain slag green brick;
(6) steam pressure curing: feeding the ceramic slag adobe pressed and molded in the step (5) into a high-pressure kettle, and curing for 9 hours in saturated water vapor at 190 ℃;
(7) finished product stacking: and (4) taking out the ceramic slag bricks treated in the step (6) and stacking to obtain the finished autoclaved ceramic slag bricks. The density of the obtained autoclaved ceramic slag brick is 1440kgm3And compressive strength 12.0MPa。
Example nine:
the raw material ratio is as follows: (weight percent)
Polished porcelain slag 80%, lime 15% and cement 5%
Preparing the autoclaved ceramic slag brick:
(1) pretreatment of polished porcelain slag: collecting polishing slag slurry in a ceramic tile grinding and polishing production line, squeezing and dehydrating the slurry to form a block material with the water content of 38%, naturally drying the block material in the air, and stirring and crushing the block material in a double-shaft stirrer to enable the polishing ceramic slag slurry to be a polishing ceramic slag block or particle powder for later use, wherein the cleanliness of the polishing ceramic slag is kept in the treatment process, and impurities cannot be mixed in the polishing ceramic slag;
(2) metering: the raw materials of the ceramic slag brick are measured according to the weight percentage;
(3) preparing materials: feeding the polished porcelain slag, the lime and the cement which are measured in the step (2) into a stirrer to be uniformly mixed to obtain a mixture, and adding water accounting for 18 percent of the total weight of the mixture to be stirred and mixed to form a loose wet mixed material;
(4) aging: feeding the wet mixed material obtained in the step (3) into an aging bin for aging for 5 hours;
(5) and (3) pressing and forming: taking out the wet mixed material aged in the step (4), removing blocks through a macroporous reinforcing mesh, feeding the wet mixed material into a stirrer for stirring and dispersing into loose materials, conveying the loose materials to a forming machine by using a screw conveyer and a belt conveyor, and performing compression forming by using the pressure of about 15Mpa to obtain a porcelain slag green brick;
(6) steam pressure curing: feeding the ceramic slag adobe pressed and molded in the step (5) into a high-pressure kettle, and curing for 9 hours in saturated water vapor at the temperature of 180 ℃;
(7) finished product stacking: and (4) taking out the ceramic slag bricks treated in the step (6) and stacking to obtain the finished autoclaved ceramic slag bricks. The density of the obtained autoclaved ceramic slag brick is 1430kg/m3And the compressive strength is 15.8 MPa.
Example ten:
the raw material ratio is as follows: (weight percent)
Polished porcelain 80%, lime 8%, gypsum 2% and cement 10%
Preparing the autoclaved ceramic slag brick:
(1) pretreatment of polished porcelain slag: collecting polishing slag slurry in a ceramic tile grinding and polishing production line, squeezing and dehydrating the slurry to form a block material with water content of about 43%, drying the block material, and stirring and crushing the block material in a double-shaft stirrer to form the polishing ceramic slag into block or granular powder for later use, wherein the cleanliness of the polishing ceramic slag is kept in the treatment process, and impurities cannot be mixed in the polishing ceramic slag;
(2) metering: the raw materials of the ceramic slag brick are measured according to the weight percentage;
(3) preparing materials: feeding the polished porcelain slag, the lime, the gypsum and the cement which are measured in the step (2) into a stirrer to be uniformly mixed to obtain a mixture, adding water accounting for 20 percent of the total weight of the mixture to continue stirring and mixing to form a loose wet-mixed mixture;
(4) aging: feeding the wet mixed material obtained in the step (3) into an aging bin for aging for 4 hours;
(5) and (3) pressing and forming: taking out the wet mixed material aged in the step (4), removing blocks through a macroporous reinforcing mesh, feeding the wet mixed material into a stirrer for stirring and dispersing into loose materials, conveying the loose materials to a forming machine by using a screw conveyer and a belt conveyor, and performing compression forming by using the pressure of about 15Mpa to obtain a porcelain slag green brick;
(6) steam pressure curing: feeding the ceramic slag adobe pressed and molded in the step (5) into a high-pressure kettle, and curing for 9 hours in saturated water vapor at the temperature of 180 ℃;
(7) finished product stacking: and (4) taking out the ceramic slag bricks treated in the step (6) and stacking to obtain the finished autoclaved ceramic slag bricks. The density of the obtained autoclaved ceramic slag brick is 1430kg/m3Compressive strength 23.7MPa。
Examples one to ten principles of production of a clinker brick: ca (OH)2And SiO in polished porcelain slag2And Al2O3Under the conditions of high temperature and water vapor, after a period of time, the SiO in the extremely fine polishing porcelain slag particles is firstly2And Al2O3Is described in Ca (OH)2Formation of unstable amorphous silicic acid (SiO) in gangue solutions2) The calcium ions in the activator are absorbed and an adsorption system of an indefinite component is formed, and amorphous calcium silicate hydrate and calcium aluminate hydrate are formed.
Wherein: ca (OH)2With SiO2Interaction to form calcium silicate hydrate:
XCa(OH)2+SiO2+mH2O→XCaO·SiO2·nH2O
Ca(OH)2with Al2O3Interaction to form hydrated calcium aluminate:
XCa(OH)2+Al2O3+mH2O→XCaO·Al2O3·nH2O
wherein a part of the hydrated calcium aluminate can react with calcium sulfate to generate hydrated calcium sulphoaluminate when being mixed into gypsum. Calcium silicate hydrate, calcium aluminate hydrate and calcium sulfoaluminate hydrate slowly transform into microcrystals or gels with imperfect crystallization over time. The reaction then takes place with the coarser polished porcelain particles. The hydration products are coated on the surfaces of the unreacted coarse polished porcelain slag particles or aggregate particles and gradually expand to gaps among the particles, partial crystals gradually grow up and are gradually connected and interwoven to form colloid and crystal intergrowth to consolidate all components in the brick together to generate higher physical and mechanical properties. These products can be set and hardened in air and can continue to maintain strength in water.
The above examples of the present invention are only for illustrating the present invention, however, the present invention is not limited by the scope of the present inventionAnd is not limited to only the above embodiments. The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by those skilled in the art according to the present disclosure. For example, the aggregate is one or a mixture of two or more of crushed ceramic solid slag, steel slag and slag with a particle size of 0.125-6 mm. The activator can be various activators in the prior art, such as alkaline activator: CaO, Ca (OH)2、NaOH、KOH、Na2O·nSiO2、K2O·nSiO2、Mg(OH)2One or a mixture of two or more of the above; sulfate excitant: CaSO4·1/2 H2O、CaSO4One or a mixture of two or more of chemical gypsum and the like; and cement, alkaline industrial slag or other materials containing an alkaline activator or a sulfate activator component.
Claims (10)
1. An autoclaved ceramic slag brick taking polished ceramic slag as a main material is characterized by being prepared by the following raw materials in percentage by weight through batching, mixing, adding water for refining, aging, press forming and autoclaving maintenance,
30-90% of polished porcelain slag, 0-60% of aggregate, 5-30% of excitant and 0-20% of admixture;
wherein,
the polishing ceramic slag is waste slag obtained by dehydrating, drying and crushing slurry-shaped waste materials in a polishing production line of ceramic bricks or ceramic plates, and the particle size of the polishing ceramic slag is 0.15-50 mu m.
2. The autoclaved ceramic slag brick taking polished ceramic slag as a main material as claimed in claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 45-85% of polished porcelain slag, 0-50% of aggregate, 6-25% of excitant and 0-15% of admixture.
3. The autoclaved ceramic slag brick taking ceramic slag as a main material according to claim 2, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 62-85% of polished porcelain slag, 0-33% of aggregate, 6-20% of excitant and 0-15% of admixture.
4. The autoclaved ceramic slag brick taking polished ceramic slag as a main material according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the aggregate is one or a mixture of two or more of medium sand and coarse sand, or stone slag, crushed ceramic solid slag, steel slag, slag and stone chips with the same grain size range as the medium sand and the coarse sand.
5. The autoclaved ceramic slag brick taking polished ceramic slag as a main material according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the aggregate is stone slag, ceramic solid slag, furnace slag, steel slag or slag with the particle size of 0.125-6 mm.
6. The autoclaved ceramic slag brick taking polished ceramic slag as a main material as claimed in claim 4, wherein the excitant is the following alkaline excitant: lime, Ca (OH)2、NaOH、KOH、Na2O·nSiO2、K2O·nSiO2And Mg (OH)2One or a mixture of two or more of them.
7. The autoclaved ceramic slag brick taking polished ceramic slag as a main material according to claim 4, wherein the activator is prepared by adding one or two or more of sulfate activator, cement and material containing activator into the alkali activator and mixing, wherein the amount of the alkali activator is at least 3% of the total weight of the autoclaved ceramic slag brick raw material, and the amount of the sulfate activator is 0-2.5% of the total weight of the autoclaved ceramic slag brick raw material.
8. The production method of the autoclaved ceramic slag brick taking polished ceramic slag as the main material according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is characterized by comprising the following operation steps:
(1) pretreating porcelain slag: carrying out dehydration, drying and crushing treatment on the polished porcelain slag slurry to enable the polished porcelain slag slurry to be in a porcelain slag block or granular powder shape;
(2) raw material metering: weighing the raw materials of the ceramic slag brick in percentage by weight;
(3) preparing materials: uniformly mixing the raw materials metered in the step (2) to obtain a mixture, and then adding a proper amount of water to stir and mix to form a loose and uniform wet-mixed material;
(4) aging: feeding the wet-mixed material obtained in the step (3) into an aging bin for aging;
(5) and (3) pressing and forming: taking out the mixture aged in the step (4), removing the caking and homogenizing, and conveying to a forming machine for compression forming to obtain a porcelain slag adobe;
(6) steam pressure curing: conveying the porcelain slag adobe prepared in the step (5) into an autoclave, and carrying out autoclaved curing in saturated water vapor at 175-210 ℃ for 7-10 hours;
(7) and (3) finished product: and (4) taking out the ceramic slag brick treated in the step (6) to obtain a finished ceramic slag brick product.
9. The production method of the autoclaved ceramic slag brick taking polished ceramic slag as the main material according to claim 8, wherein the water added in the step (3) accounts for 8-20% of the total weight of the mixture.
10. The method for producing the autoclaved ceramic slag brick taking the ceramic slag as the main material according to the claim 8, wherein the temperature of the autoclaved ceramic slag brick blank in the autoclave in the step (6) is 175-197 ℃.
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| CN101560088A CN101560088A (en) | 2009-10-21 |
| CN101560088B true CN101560088B (en) | 2012-04-18 |
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Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101948286B (en) * | 2010-10-13 | 2012-07-04 | 广东绿由环保科技股份有限公司 | Aerated concrete building block produced by using ceramic waste and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN101955349B (en) * | 2010-10-13 | 2012-01-18 | 广东绿由环保科技股份有限公司 | Sintered permeable environmental-friendly brick produced by using ceramic waste residue and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN103896524B (en) * | 2014-03-10 | 2015-07-08 | 山东建筑大学 | Method for producing autoclaved bricks from artificial stone plate wastes |
| CN103992071B (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2015-07-15 | 汕头市保源节能建材与装备制造科技有限公司 | Fabrication process for producing concrete brick by using polished tile waste residue |
| CN104987007A (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-10-21 | 合肥蓝科新材料有限公司 | Aerated bricks made of waste phosphorus slag |
| CN105036671A (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-11-11 | 合肥蓝科新材料有限公司 | Fluorine-containing anti-freezing aerated brick |
| CN104987006A (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-10-21 | 合肥蓝科新材料有限公司 | Mill tailing air-entraining brick |
| CN105036670A (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-11-11 | 合肥蓝科新材料有限公司 | Fly ash aerated brick |
| CN105330257B (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2017-12-29 | 佛山市奥特玛陶瓷有限公司 | A kind of Ceramic Tiles and preparation method prepared using waste material |
| CN105669104B (en) * | 2016-02-02 | 2017-12-08 | 清远职业技术学院 | It is a kind of to utilize the non-burning brick and preparation method thereof of ceramic rubbing down waste material production |
| CN107447065A (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2017-12-08 | 中冶节能环保有限责任公司 | A kind of cold conditions slag efficient stable processing unit and method |
| CN111732397A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-10-02 | 武汉理工大学 | Autoclaved brick produced by utilizing industrial ceramic waste residues and preparation method thereof |
| CN113307567B (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2022-06-24 | 广州大学 | Autoclaved floor tile and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1280110A (en) * | 2000-07-11 | 2001-01-17 | 北京中土奥特赛特科技发展有限公司 | Porcelain slag firming agent and its use |
| CN1727301A (en) * | 2005-07-25 | 2006-02-01 | 安阳钢铁集团有限责任公司 | Buring free, steaming free bearing building blocks or bricks prepared from tailing sand of iron ore, and manufacturing process |
| CN1321932C (en) * | 2004-11-17 | 2007-06-20 | 谢盆兴 | Preparation of powdery building material |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1280110A (en) * | 2000-07-11 | 2001-01-17 | 北京中土奥特赛特科技发展有限公司 | Porcelain slag firming agent and its use |
| CN1321932C (en) * | 2004-11-17 | 2007-06-20 | 谢盆兴 | Preparation of powdery building material |
| CN1727301A (en) * | 2005-07-25 | 2006-02-01 | 安阳钢铁集团有限责任公司 | Buring free, steaming free bearing building blocks or bricks prepared from tailing sand of iron ore, and manufacturing process |
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| CN101560088A (en) | 2009-10-21 |
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