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CN101546490B - Device for practically training and evaluating automatic processing-assembling production lines - Google Patents

Device for practically training and evaluating automatic processing-assembling production lines Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101546490B
CN101546490B CN200810087779XA CN200810087779A CN101546490B CN 101546490 B CN101546490 B CN 101546490B CN 200810087779X A CN200810087779X A CN 200810087779XA CN 200810087779 A CN200810087779 A CN 200810087779A CN 101546490 B CN101546490 B CN 101546490B
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station
feeding
sorting
processing
assembling
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CN101546490A (en
Inventor
陈继权
陈传周
李波
陈东红
陈少明
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Yalong Intelligent Equipment Group Ltd By Share Ltd
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Yalong Science & Technology Group
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Abstract

The invention provides a device for practically training and evaluating automatic processing-assembling production lines, which is provided with a worktable, five workstations and a control unit, wherein the five workstations comprise: a material supply station, which is arranged on the worktable and used for supplying first material; a processing station, which is arranged on the worktable and positioned beside the material station; an assembly station, which is arranged on the worktable and positioned beside the processing station; a sorting station, which is arranged on the worktable and positioned beside the assembly station; a carrying station, which is arranged on the worktable and carries the material so as to implement corresponding process steps on the material supply station, the processing station, the assembly station and the sorting station; and a control unit, which is connected with the five workstations respectively and is used for controlling the sequential actions of each workstation.

Description

Automatic processing and assembly production line training examination equipment
Technical Field
The invention relates to teaching equipment, in particular to practical training assessment equipment applied to an automatic processing and equipment production line in teaching.
Background
For a modern education system, how to build a real operation environment for students by using specific industrial application through teaching equipment is very important; this importance is even more evident as electrical control technology becomes a trend of industrial control technology generally recognized in the industrial automation industry.
The wide application of the electrical control technology makes the college proofreading automatic teaching experiment device have a large amount of demands. The electric control technology system applied in the industrial control is not suitable for being directly used as a teaching experiment device due to the fact that the number of points is large and the distribution is wide. Although a lot of teaching experiment devices are suitable for the automation field in the current market, no teaching experiment device which completely embodies the technical characteristics of electrical control is available. The products produced by many manufacturers relate to single discipline, and only some demonstrative experiments can be performed, so that the practical ability of students cannot be well cultivated.
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks, the inventors of the present invention have conducted long-term research and practice to finally obtain the product of the present invention.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a practical training and examining device for an automatic processing and assembling production line, which is used for overcoming the defects.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that the practical training assessment equipment for the automatic processing and assembling production line is provided, and is provided with a workbench, five workstations and a control unit; the five work stations are respectively as follows: a feeding station, a processing station, an assembling station, a sorting station and a carrying station; wherein,
the feeding station is arranged on the workbench and used for supplying the first material;
the processing station is arranged on the workbench, is positioned adjacent to the material station, and is provided with a second material table for simulating a processing step aiming at the first material;
the assembling station is arranged on the workbench and positioned adjacent to the processing station, and is provided with a manipulator structure and a rotary feeding mechanism, and the manipulator structure is used for simulating and assembling a first material processed by the processing station and a second material of the assembling station;
the sorting station is arranged on the workbench, is positioned adjacent to the assembling station and is provided with a material conveying belt; at least one material detector is arranged on a sensor bracket of the sorting station; a sorting trough is arranged on the adjacent side of the material conveying belt, and a cylinder ejection mechanism is arranged on the adjacent side corresponding to the sorting trough;
the conveying station is arranged on the workbench and is provided with a linear displacement conveying mechanism, a four-degree-of-freedom grabbing manipulator is arranged on the linear displacement conveying mechanism and slides along the linear displacement conveying mechanism, and materials are conveyed to perform corresponding working steps on the feeding station, the processing station, the assembling station and the sorting station; and
the control unit is respectively connected with the feeding station, the processing station, the assembling station, the sorting station and the carrying station and is used for controlling the time sequence action of each working station;
preferably, said feed station comprises:
the feeding station frame is arranged on the workbench;
the first bin is arranged on the feeding station rack and is vertical to the feeding station rack;
the first material platform is arranged on the feeding station frame;
the first material ejecting cylinder and the second material ejecting cylinder are respectively arranged on the feeding station rack in parallel with the workbench, the first material ejecting cylinder is used for abutting against the penultimate first material, and the second material ejecting cylinder corresponds to the penultimate first material and is used for ejecting the first material onto the first material platform;
the first material detector is positioned at the lower side of the first material table and used for detecting whether the first material is in place or not; preferably, the feed station further comprises:
the second material detector is arranged on the upper side of the first bin and used for detecting whether the first bin contains the first material or not;
a third material detector, arranged at the bottom of the first bin, for detecting whether the penultimate first material reaches the bottom of the first bin; preferably, the processing station comprises:
a processing station frame arranged on the workbench;
the lower end of the second material table is provided with a sliding block, the lower end of the processing station rack is provided with a sliding rail, and one end of the sliding block is connected with a piston rod of a telescopic cylinder of the second material table; the second material table is controlled to slide on the slide rail;
the mechanical finger is arranged at the upper end of the second material table and used for clamping the first material placed on the second material table;
the stamping mechanism is arranged at the upper end of the processing station rack and is provided with a stamping head, and the stamping head corresponds to the position of the second material table when the second material table slides to the inside of the processing station rack;
the fourth material detector is arranged on a sensor bracket which is fixedly connected with the second material table and used for detecting whether the first material is in place or not; preferably, the assembly station comprises:
the assembly station frame is arranged on the workbench;
the second bin is arranged on the assembly station rack, is vertical to the assembly station rack and is used for arranging at least one second material;
the third material ejecting cylinder and the first material blocking cylinder are respectively arranged on the assembly station rack in parallel with the workbench, the third material ejecting cylinder is used for abutting against a penultimate second material, and the first material blocking cylinder corresponds to the penultimate second material and is used for blocking the penultimate second material from falling;
the third material table is arranged on the assembly station rack;
the rotary feeding mechanism is provided with at least two feeding tables, one feeding table is positioned at the bottom of the second storage bin, and the lower end of the feeding table is provided with a swing cylinder so that the feeding table swings at an output piston rod of the swing cylinder;
the manipulator structure is arranged at the upper part of the assembly station rack and corresponds to the working position of the other feeding table of the at least two feeding tables; preferably, the robot structure includes:
a gripper positioned above the other of said at least two feed tables in the operating position;
the pneumatic finger is connected with the mechanical paw;
the first guide rod cylinder is connected with the pneumatic finger and used for controlling the vertical feeding of the mechanical gripper;
preferably, said sorting station comprises:
a sorting station frame arranged on the workbench;
the material conveying belt is sleeved on the sorting station rack;
the output end of the three-phase motor is connected with the input end of the conveyor belt through a connecting device to provide power for the conveyor belt;
the sorting material grooves are at least two and are arranged on the adjacent side of the conveyor belt;
the number of the sensor supports is at least two, the material detector is arranged on the sensor supports, and the material detector is arranged corresponding to the position of the sorting trough;
the at least two cylinder ejection mechanisms are respectively arranged at the positions of the sorting material grooves and used for pushing the materials with the specified characteristics into the specified sorting material grooves;
preferably, the transfer station comprises:
the four-degree-of-freedom grabbing manipulator is used for grabbing corresponding materials and conveying the materials on the feeding station, the processing station, the assembling station and the sorting station;
the linear displacement transmission mechanism is arranged on the workbench, is connected with the four-degree-of-freedom grabbing manipulator and is used for carrying the four-degree-of-freedom grabbing manipulator to do linear motion;
preferably, the linear displacement transmission mechanism includes:
the sliding large flow plate is used as a supporting part and is connected with the four-degree-of-freedom grabbing manipulator;
the support guide rail sliding block is arranged at the lower part of the sliding large flow plate;
a supporting guide rail, which is matched with the supporting guide rail slide block and is used for guiding;
the synchronous belt is arranged in the middle of the supporting guide rail;
the stepping motor is used for outputting the power of the motion of the linear displacement mechanism; preferably, the control units are combined in a modular manner, which includes: the device comprises a PLC module, a frequency converter module, a stepping driver, a power supply module and a touch screen module;
preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: and the safety socket is arranged on the workbench and connects the control lines and the power lines of the feeding station, the processing station, the assembling station, the sorting station and the carrying station with the output line of the control unit in a switching way.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the technology organically integrates the mechanical technology (including pneumatic technology), sensor technology, AC motor variable frequency speed regulation and stepping motor drive control, touch screen technology, PLC control, communication network and the like, and embodies the characteristics of the production process of the modern manufacturing industry.
2. The whole structure adopts an open type and a detachable type, the modules can be conveniently replaced, the module content is determined according to the principle of having a productive function and integrating a learning function, and the required modules can be conveniently selected during teaching or competition.
3. The teaching device is used for teaching, and teaching activities can be planned according to a mode of work process guidance and engineering combination.
Drawings
FIG. 1A is a block diagram of a practical training assessment device for an automatic processing and assembling line according to the present invention;
FIG. 1B is a schematic mechanical structure diagram of the practical training assessment device of the automatic processing and assembling production line of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a structure of a workbench in the training assessment device of the automatic processing and assembling production line of the present invention;
FIG. 3A is a front view of a feeding station structure of the practical training and evaluation equipment of the automatic processing and assembling production line of the invention;
FIG. 3B is a structural side view of a feeding station in the practical training assessment device of the automatic processing and assembling production line of the present invention;
FIG. 4A is a front view of a processing station structure in the practical training assessment device of the automatic processing and assembling production line of the present invention;
FIG. 4B is a structural side view of a processing station in the practical training assessment device for the automatic processing and assembling production line of the present invention;
FIG. 5A is a front view of an assembly station structure in the practical training assessment equipment for the automatic processing and assembly line of the present invention;
FIG. 5B is a structural side view of an assembly station in the practical training assessment device for the automatic processing and assembly line of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a top view of a sorting station structure in the practical training assessment equipment of the automatic processing and assembling production line of the present invention;
FIG. 7A is a front view of a carrying station structure in the practical training assessment equipment for the automatic processing and assembling production line of the present invention;
FIG. 7B is a top view of a structure of a handling station in the practical training assessment device for the automatic processing and assembling production line of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The foregoing and additional features and advantages of the present invention are described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1A is a block diagram of a practical training assessment device for an automatic processing and assembling line according to the present invention; the working table 1 is provided with five working stations and a control unit 6, wherein the five working stations are respectively as follows: a feeding station 2, a processing station 3, an assembling station 4, a sorting station 5 and a carrying station 7, which are arranged on the working table 1, wherein the feeding station 2, the processing station 3, the assembling station 4 and the sorting station 5 are adjacent in sequence, and the carrying station 7 is arranged at the side of the four working stations for carrying materials among the four working stations; the utility model discloses real standard examination equipment of automatic processing and assembly line is through a control unit 6, respectively with five workstations be connected for the chronogenesis action of each workstation of control above-mentioned.
Fig. 1B is a schematic view of a mechanical structure of the practical training assessment device for the automatic processing and assembling production line according to the present invention; it is the embodiment of the concrete machinery of the above-mentioned structure block diagram, it includes:
the working table is used for arranging the following working stations; the feeding station 2 is arranged on the workbench and is provided with a material platform for supplying a first material; the processing station 3 is arranged on the workbench and positioned at the adjacent side of the feeding station 2 and is used for simulating the processing step aiming at the first material; the assembling station 4 is arranged on the workbench and located at the adjacent side of the processing station 2, and is provided with a manipulator structure and a rotary feeding mechanism, and the manipulator structure is used for simulating and assembling the first material processed by the processing station 2 and the second material of the assembling station 4 together; the sorting station 5 is arranged on the workbench, is positioned at the adjacent side of the assembling station 4, is provided with a material conveying belt, and is provided with at least one material detector on a bracket of the material conveying belt; a sorting trough is arranged on the adjacent side of the material conveying belt, and a cylinder ejection mechanism is arranged on the adjacent side corresponding to the sorting trough; the conveying station 7 is arranged on the workbench and is provided with a linear displacement conveying mechanism, a four-degree-of-freedom grabbing manipulator is arranged on the linear displacement conveying mechanism and slides along the linear displacement conveying mechanism, and materials are conveyed to perform corresponding steps on the feeding station 2, the processing station 3, the assembling station 4 and the sorting station 5; of course, in order to implement the working standardization and automation features of the whole equipment, the control unit 6 is very important and is respectively connected with the five work stations for controlling the time sequence action of each work station; the control unit used here is a PLC module 61, and it can be seen from the figure that in the vicinity of each work station there is a connection bank 21 and a PLC controller 22 (only the feeding station is taken as an example), and as said control unit there are also included: the device comprises a frequency converter module 62, a stepping driver module 63, a power supply module 64 and a touch screen module 65, wherein the frequency converter module 62, the stepping driver module 63, the power supply module 64 and the touch screen module 65 can be universally interchanged with various existing modules of the same type, and due to the universality, the cost and the efficiency spent when the device is subjected to fault processing can be greatly improved; of course, the control and detection components of the workstations are all in contact with the control unit 6; therefore, if simple corresponding wiring is adopted, the whole wiring is irregular, and the problem can be searched everywhere even if the problem occurs, so that a safe socket 8 is introduced for connection and switching of the two (a data line and a control line between the control part and the workstation), the wiring is clear, and the assembly and the maintenance are convenient.
First, please refer to fig. 2, which is a side view of a structure of a workbench in the training assessment device of the automatic processing and assembling production line of the present invention; the workbench 1 is a table type and is provided with four table legs 11, and the lower end of each table leg 11 is provided with a universal wheel 12 so as to be pushed to move; there is also a table top 13, on the top of which there are positioning channels 131 for positioning the five stations, which are fastened in place by bolts.
Referring to fig. 3A and 3B, a front view of a feeding station structure in the automatic processing and assembling line practical training and assessment device and a side view of the feeding station structure in the automatic processing and assembling line practical training and assessment device are shown respectively; the feed station comprises:
a feeding station frame 23, which is arranged on the workbench 1 and is fixedly connected with a positioning channel 131 arranged at the upper part of the table top 13 through a bolt;
a first silo 26, which is arranged on the feeding station frame 23 and is vertical to the feeding station frame 23;
a first material table 28, which is arranged on the feeding station frame 23 and is positioned on the same horizontal line with the bottom of the first storage bin 26;
a first material ejecting cylinder 252 and a second material ejecting cylinder 251, which are respectively arranged on the feeding station frame 23 in parallel with the working platform 1, wherein the first material ejecting cylinder 252 is used for ejecting against the penultimate first material, and the second material ejecting cylinder 251 corresponds to the penultimate first material and is used for ejecting the first material to the first material platform 28;
a first material detector 24 located under the first material table 28 for detecting whether the first material is in place; the first material detector 24 is a photoelectric sensor, and obtains a corresponding signal to transmit to the control unit 6, so as to determine subsequent actions; the feed station 2 further comprises: a second material detector 271, disposed on the upper side of the first bin 26, for detecting whether there is the first material in the first bin 26, and if not, sending a corresponding signal to the control unit 6 to generate a corresponding prompt;
a third material detector 272, which is disposed at the bottom of the first bin 26, detects whether the penultimate first material reaches the bottom of the first bin 26, and once the first material is sensed to be at the designated position, the third material detector is pushed to the first material table 28 by the second material pushing cylinder 251, and waits for the four-degree-of-freedom grabbing robot of the transfer station 7 to grab and transfer the first material to the next work station, i.e., the processing station 3.
It should be noted that the processing station 3 is configured to perform a processing step on the first material, and there are many corresponding processes for processing, and here, only the stamping process is taken as an example, and processing steps in other manners can be obtained by those skilled in the art by being implemented in the station, and all of the processing steps should belong to the protection scope of the present invention, and are not described herein again. Please refer to fig. 4A and 4B, which are a front view of a processing station structure in the practical training assessment device of the automatic processing and assembling line of the present invention and a side view of the processing station structure in the practical training assessment device of the automatic processing and assembling line of the present invention, respectively; the processing station comprises:
a processing station frame 36, which is arranged on the worktable 1, is adjacent to the feeding station 2 and is fixedly connected with a positioning channel 131 arranged on the upper part of the table top 13 through a bolt;
a second material table 35, the lower end of which is provided with a slide block 371, the lower end of the processing station frame 36 is provided with a slide rail 372, and one end of the slide block 371 is connected with a piston rod of a material table telescopic cylinder 31; the second material table 35 is controlled to slide on the slide rail 372, so as to determine a first working position and a second working position, the second working position is located outside the machining station rack 36, and the second working position is used for acquiring the first material conveyed by the four-degree-of-freedom grabbing manipulator; said first operating position being located within said processing station frame 36;
a mechanical finger 32 disposed on the second material table 35 for clamping the first material placed on the second material table 35;
a stamping mechanism 34, disposed at the upper end of the processing station frame 36, having a stamping head 341, corresponding to the position of the second material table 35 sliding into the processing station frame 36, i.e. located at the upper part of the second working position;
a fourth material detector 33, which is disposed on a sensor bracket, the sensor bracket is fixedly connected to the second material table 35 for detecting whether the first material is in place, so as to generate a corresponding sensing signal to the control unit 6, and the piston rod of the material table telescopic cylinder 31 slides the second material table 35 on the slide rail 371, thereby realizing the switching between the first position and the second position;
after the stamping process is completed, the piston rod of the material table telescopic cylinder 31 pushes the second material table 35 to the second position, and the four-degree-of-freedom grabbing manipulator of the carrying station 7 is waited to grab and carry the second material table to the next working station, namely the assembling station 4.
As the teaching equipment, it embodies the technology direction that the researchers want to emphasize, for the invention it is that the technology such as mechanical technology (including pneumatic technology), sensor technology, variable frequency speed regulation of the alternating current motor and step motor drive control, touch-sensitive screen technology, PLC control and communication network, etc. has been combined organically, have embodied the characteristic of the production process of modern manufacturing industry, so to the concrete technological process content that the concrete simulated material carries on in the workstation weakens correspondingly, for this reason the said assembly station 4 is to pack said second material into said first material; please refer to fig. 5A and 5B, which are a front view of an assembly station structure in the practical training assessment device for the automatic processing and assembling line of the present invention and a side view of the assembly station structure in the practical training assessment device for the automatic processing and assembling line of the present invention; said assembly station 4 comprises:
an assembly station frame 41, which is arranged on the workbench 1, is adjacent to the processing station 3 and is fixedly connected with a positioning channel 131 arranged on the upper part of the table top 13 through a bolt;
a second silo 42, which is disposed on the assembly station frame 41 and is perpendicular to the assembly station frame 41, for receiving at least a second material (i.e., the material for receiving the first material);
a third material ejecting cylinder 441 and a first material blocking cylinder 442 which are respectively arranged on the assembly station frame 41 in parallel with the workbench 1, wherein the third material ejecting cylinder 441 is used for abutting against a second material which is last but one, and the first material blocking cylinder 442 corresponds to the second material which is last but one and is used for blocking the second material from falling;
a third material table 45 provided on the assembly station frame 41;
a rotary feeding mechanism 47, on which at least two feeding tables 471 are arranged, two are taken as an example, wherein one feeding table 471 is located at the bottom of the second storage bin 42, a swing cylinder 472 is arranged at the lower end of the feeding table 471, so that the feeding table 471 swings at the output piston rod of the swing cylinder 472, and the two determined positions are switched by rotating 180 degrees each time, if there are n feeding tables 471, it is only necessary to rotate 360 degrees/n each time;
a robot structure 46 provided at an upper portion of the station frame 41 to correspond to an operation position of the remaining one of the supply tables 471; the robot structure 46 includes:
a gripper 461 located above the other feeding stage 471 in the working position;
a pneumatic finger 462 connected to the gripper 461;
a first guide rod cylinder connected to the pneumatic finger 462 for controlling the vertical movement of the gripper 461; the assembly station has the function of completing the assembly process of embedding the small cylindrical workpiece (second material) with black and white colors into the large workpiece (first material). That is, when the mechanical handle of the transfer station 7 conveys the first material to the material table of the assembly station, the third material ejecting cylinder 441 extends to eject the second last material from the feeding unit; the first material blocking cylinder 442 retracts to enable the second material, which is the lowest small cylinder, in the material groove 421 of the second material bin 42 to fall onto the rotary material feeding table 471, and then the rotary material feeding unit rotates clockwise by 180 degrees, and after the material feeding unit is in place, the mechanical gripper 461 is assembled to move as follows: descending the mechanical claw 461 → grabbing the second material → lifting the mechanical claw 461 → extending the pneumatic finger 462 → descending the mechanical claw 461 → loosening the mechanical claw 461, so as to smoothly load the second material into the first material, and when the mechanical arm structure 46 is reset, the rotary feeding mechanism 47 rotates 180 counterclockwise to return to the original position, so as to wait for the four-degree-of-freedom grabbing mechanical arm of the transfer station 7 to grab and transfer the second material to the next work station, i.e. the sorting station 5.
The sorting station 5 actually distributes the materials to different sorting material tanks according to different material attributes, and please refer to fig. 6, which is a top view of the structure of the sorting station in the practical training assessment equipment of the automatic processing and assembling production line of the present invention; the sorting station comprises:
a sorting station frame which is arranged on the workbench 1, is adjacent to the assembling station 4 and is fixedly connected with a positioning channel 131 arranged on the upper part of the table top 13 through a bolt;
a conveyor belt 51 sleeved on the sorting station rack for conveying materials
A three-phase motor 521, the output end of which is connected with the input end of the conveyor belt 51 through a connecting device 522, wherein the connecting device 522 is a speed reducer and a cardan shaft and provides the conveyor belt 51 with rotation speed and torque;
at least two sorting troughs 541, 542, which are arranged on the adjacent side of the conveyor belt 51, in this embodiment, two sorting troughs are adopted, and the number of the sorting troughs is set according to the sort of the sorted product to be distinguished;
at least two sensor supports 531, 535, wherein the sensor supports 531, 535 are provided with material detectors 532, 534, the material detectors 532, 534 are arranged corresponding to the sorting troughs 541, 542, in this embodiment, the number is two, wherein the material detectors 532, 534 are photoelectric sensors;
at least two cylinder ejection mechanisms (not shown) are respectively arranged at the positions of the sorting troughs 541 and 542, and push the materials with specified characteristics into the two specified sorting troughs 541 and 542, in this embodiment, the number of the cylinder ejection mechanisms is two, the specified characteristics refer to control signals generated after the photoelectric sensors sense the materials with corresponding characteristics, the control signals are transmitted to the control unit 6, and the piston rods of the cylinder ejection mechanisms push the corresponding materials into the two specified sorting troughs 541 and 542.
In fact, from the whole automatic production line, the reason for being able to operate is that the material can be transferred at the various stations, what achieves this transfer characteristic is the handling station 7, since the four stations mentioned above are arranged in line, the rectilinear motion should be the main transfer line of the station; please refer to fig. 7A and 7B, which are a front view of a structure of a carrying station in the practical training assessment apparatus for an automatic processing and assembling line of the present invention and a top view of the structure of the carrying station in the practical training assessment apparatus for the automatic processing and assembling line of the present invention; the transfer station comprises:
a four-degree-of-freedom gripping robot 71 for gripping respective materials conveyed on said feeding station 2, processing station 3, assembly station 4 and sorting station 5, comprising: a gripper 711, a double-rod cylinder 712, a rotary cylinder 714 and a thin cylinder 715 which are connected in a line in sequence and are used for performing a degree-of-freedom motion;
a linear displacement transmission mechanism 72, which is arranged on the worktable 1, is connected with the four-degree-of-freedom grabbing manipulator 71 and is used for carrying the four-degree-of-freedom grabbing manipulator 71 to do linear motion;
the linear displacement transmission mechanism comprises:
a sliding large flow plate 723 as a supporting member connected to the four-degree-of-freedom gripping robot 71;
a support guide slider 722 arranged below the sliding large flow plate 723;
a support rail 725 engaged with the support rail block 722 for guiding;
a synchronization belt 724 disposed at the middle of the support rail 725;
a stepping motor 73 for outputting the power of the movement of the entire linear displacement mechanism;
when the equipment is started, the original point returning operation is executed firstly, after the equipment reaches the original point position, if the equipment is started, when the material platform detection sensor of the feeding station 2 detects that a workpiece exists, the four-degree-of-freedom grabbing manipulator 71 is integrally lifted to the position firstly, then the gripper extends to the position and then the gripper 711 clamps, the gripper 711 clamps to the position and then the gripper 711 starts to retract, and after the manipulator is integrally lowered to the position, the stepping motor 73 starts to work to enable the motion position to be shifted to the processing station 3 according to the set pulse quantity. After the machining station 3 is in place, the manipulator 71 is integrally lifted, the claw 711 is extended after the machining station 3 is lifted in place, the manipulator 71 is integrally descended after the mechanical claw 711 is extended in place, the workpiece is placed on the material table of the machining station 3 after the workpiece is descended in place, then the claw 711 is loosened, the manipulator 71 retracts after the workpiece is loosened in place, and after the machining station 3 finishes machining, the workpiece is conveyed to the assembling station 4 and the sorting station 5 to finish the machining process of the whole automatic production line.
It should be noted that the carrying station can carry out carrying processing at any of the four work stations, not only limited to carrying from the feeding station to the final sorting station in sequence, which is related to the setting of the program, and for those skilled in the art, this can be extended according to the above-mentioned timing relationship, and will not be described herein again.
The practical training assessment equipment for the automatic processing and assembling production line selects the following three communication networks to realize system control:
● employs a PLC interconnect network of RS-485 buses.
● employ a fieldbus network.
● adopts RS-485 communication network with PLC as the master station and remote I/O module as the slave station.
Each scheme adopts a touch screen human-machine interface (HMI), and each communication network has different configurations according to different selected mainstream PLC manufacturers, and the configurations are as follows:
1. control scheme of PLC interconnection network adopting RS-485 bus
The control scheme aims to enable students to master an RS-485 communication technology and a PLC interconnection technology for realizing information exchange between PLCs in a broadcasting mode through practical training. As a basic technology of a PLC communication network, and in view of the fact that a PLC interconnection network adopting an RS-485 bus is widely applied to a small-sized distributed control system, the PLC interconnection network is indispensable for senior students and is skillfully mastered with the skill.
The equipment configures the network for PLCs of mainstream manufacturers such as Mitsubishi FX2N series, Siemens S7-200 series, ohm dragon CP1L series, Songhua FP-X series and the like.
1) Mitsubishi FX2N series:
the utility model control scheme employs an FX2N N communication network. FX2N-485-BD communication boards are plugged into all the workstations, a carrier station PLC (FX2N-48MT) is used as a master station, and the rest stations are slave stations to form an N: N communication network. The touch screen is connected to the programming port of the main station, and the FR-E540 transducer of the sorting station is also connected to the network as a No. 5 slave station.
2) Siemens S7-200 series
The utility model discloses control scheme adopts PPI (point-to-point interface) agreement to realize the communication to touch-sensitive screen and transfer station PLC (S7-226) are the main website, and all the other stations constitute point-to-point communication network for the slave station, and the MM420 converter of letter sorting station also connects this network as # 5 slave station.
3) Ohm dragon CP1L series
The utility model discloses control scheme adopts serial PLC to link the communication, and each workstation all inserts CP1WCIF11 communication board to transport station PLC (CP1L) is the main website, and all the other each stations constitute point-to-point communication network for the slave station, and the 3J3MVAB004 converter at letter sorting station also connects this network as the 5 th slave station.
4) Loose FP-X series
In the control scheme of the utility model, the PLC (FP-X series) of each workstation is provided with a FP-X communication plug-in card, and the PC-LINK protocol special for loose can be adopted to realize the PLC LINK without a main station; or the communication between the master station and each slave station is realized by taking a transfer station PLC (FP-X-30T) as the master station and adopting a universal serial communication mode and an MODBUS communication protocol.
2. Using field bus networks
The control system taking the field bus as the technical support has obvious advantages in the field of industrial automation and is most widely used in a PLC network system. In China, the field bus technology is increasingly popularized, and the courses are also opened successively by related majors of higher institutions. For the project teaching of realizing the field bus technique, this equipment uses medium-sized PLC as the main website, and each slave station still is the configuration of small-size PLC, has configured respectively:
1) for Mitsubishi PLC, the carrier station PLC (Q02CPU) is configured as a master station, and the other stations PLC (FX2N master unit +32CCL module) are configured as slave stations to form a CC-LINK field bus system.
2) For the Siemens PLC, a PROFI BUS system is formed by using a transfer station PLC (S7-315DPCPU) as a main station and other stations PLC (S7-200 main unit + EM277 module) as slave stations.
3) For the ohm dragon PLC, the power supply voltage is controlled,
the ohm dragon PLC is configured with a transfer station PLC (CP1H-X40) as a main station, and the other stations PLC (CT1L + CP1WCIF11 module) as slave stations to form a Device Net field bus system.
3. RS-485 communication network control scheme with PLC as master station and remote I/O module as slave station
The equipment further provides a distributed control system which takes a carrier station PLC (any PLC of FX2N, S7-200, CP1L and FP-X) as a main station and takes remote I/O (input/output) as a controller for each slave station. The remote I/O module is a product developed by the company, has 16-point input and 14-point output, and has a communication protocol similar to that of the Tuhua ARK14000 series remote transmission module.
The control scheme aims to enable students to master the characteristics of a remote I/O communication network through practical training and learn the skill of PLC free port communication programming.
The above description is intended to be illustrative, and not restrictive, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.

Claims (11)

1. A practical training and examining device for an automatic processing and assembling production line is characterized by comprising a workbench, five workstations and a control unit; the five work stations are respectively as follows: a feeding station, a processing station, an assembling station, a sorting station and a carrying station; wherein,
the feeding station is arranged on the workbench and used for supplying the first material;
the processing station is arranged on the workbench, is positioned adjacent to the feeding station and is provided with a second material table for simulating a processing step aiming at the first material;
the assembling station is arranged on the workbench and positioned adjacent to the processing station, and is provided with a manipulator structure and a rotary feeding mechanism, and the manipulator structure is used for simulating and assembling a first material processed by the processing station and a second material of the assembling station;
the sorting station is arranged on the workbench, is positioned adjacent to the assembling station and is provided with a material conveying belt; at least one material detector is arranged on a sensor bracket of the sorting station; a sorting trough is arranged on the adjacent side of the material conveying belt, and a cylinder ejection mechanism is arranged on the adjacent side corresponding to the sorting trough;
the conveying station is arranged on the workbench and is provided with a linear displacement conveying mechanism, a four-degree-of-freedom grabbing manipulator is arranged on the linear displacement conveying mechanism and slides along the linear displacement conveying mechanism, and materials are conveyed to perform corresponding working steps on the feeding station, the processing station, the assembling station and the sorting station;
the control unit is respectively connected with the feeding station, the processing station, the assembling station, the sorting station and the carrying station and is used for controlling the time sequence action of each working station.
2. The automatic processing and assembling production line practical training assessment device according to claim 1, wherein the feeding station comprises:
the feeding station frame is arranged on the workbench;
the first bin is arranged on the feeding station rack and is vertical to the feeding station rack;
the first material platform is arranged on the feeding station frame;
the first material ejecting cylinder and the second material ejecting cylinder are respectively arranged on the feeding station rack in parallel with the workbench, the first material ejecting cylinder is used for abutting against the penultimate first material, and the second material ejecting cylinder corresponds to the penultimate first material and is used for ejecting the first material onto the first material platform;
and the first material detector is positioned at the lower side of the first material table and used for detecting whether the first material is in place or not.
3. The practical training assessment device for the automatic processing and assembling production line according to claim 2, wherein the feeding station further comprises:
the second material detector is arranged on the upper side of the first bin and used for detecting whether the first bin contains the first material or not;
and the third material detector is arranged at the bottom of the first bin and is used for detecting whether the penultimate first material reaches the bottom of the first bin.
4. The practical training assessment device for the automatic processing and assembling production line according to claim 1, wherein the processing station comprises:
a processing station frame arranged on the workbench;
the lower end of the second material table is provided with a sliding block, the lower end of the processing station rack is provided with a sliding rail, and one end of the sliding block is connected with a piston rod of a telescopic cylinder of the second material table and used for controlling the second material table to slide on the sliding rail;
the mechanical finger is arranged at the upper end of the second material table and used for clamping the first material placed on the second material table;
the stamping mechanism is arranged at the upper end of the processing station rack and is provided with a stamping head, and the stamping head corresponds to the position of the second material table when the second material table slides to the inside of the processing station rack;
and the fourth material detector is arranged on a sensor bracket which is fixedly connected with the second material table and used for detecting whether the first material is in place or not.
5. The practical training assessment device for the automatic processing and assembling production line according to claim 1, wherein the assembling station comprises:
the assembly station frame is arranged on the workbench;
the second bin is arranged on the assembly station rack, is vertical to the assembly station rack and is used for arranging at least one second material;
the third material ejecting cylinder and the first material blocking cylinder are respectively arranged on the assembly station rack in parallel with the workbench, the third material ejecting cylinder is used for abutting against a penultimate second material, and the first material blocking cylinder corresponds to the penultimate second material and is used for blocking the penultimate second material from falling;
the third material table is arranged on the assembly station rack;
the rotary feeding mechanism is provided with at least two feeding tables, one of the at least two feeding tables is positioned at the bottom of the second storage bin, and the lower ends of the at least two feeding tables are provided with swing cylinders, so that the at least two feeding tables swing at the output piston rods of the swing cylinders;
the manipulator structure is arranged on the upper part of the assembly station rack and corresponds to the working position of the other feeding table of the at least two feeding tables.
6. The practical training assessment device for the automatic processing and assembling production line according to claim 5, wherein the manipulator structure comprises:
a gripper positioned above the other of said at least two feed tables in the operating position;
the pneumatic finger is connected with the mechanical paw;
and the first guide rod cylinder is connected with the pneumatic finger and is used for controlling the vertical feeding of the mechanical gripper.
7. The practical training assessment device for the automatic processing and assembling production line according to claim 1, wherein said sorting station comprises:
a sorting station frame arranged on the workbench;
the material conveying belt is sleeved on the sorting station rack;
the output end of the three-phase motor is connected with the input end of the conveyor belt through a connecting device to provide power for the conveyor belt;
the sorting material grooves are at least two and are arranged at the adjacent side of the material conveying belt;
the number of the sensor supports is at least two, the material detector is arranged on the sensor supports, and the material detector is arranged corresponding to the position of the sorting trough;
the cylinder ejection mechanisms are at least two and are respectively arranged at the positions of the sorting material grooves to push the materials with the specified characteristics into the specified sorting material grooves.
8. The automatic processing and assembling production line practical training assessment device according to claim 1, wherein the carrying station comprises:
the four-degree-of-freedom grabbing manipulator is used for grabbing corresponding materials and conveying the materials on the feeding station, the processing station, the assembling station and the sorting station;
the linear displacement transmission mechanism is arranged on the workbench, is connected with the four-freedom-degree grabbing manipulator and is used for carrying the four-freedom-degree grabbing manipulator to do linear motion.
9. The practical training assessment device for the automatic processing and assembling production line according to claim 8, wherein said linear displacement transmission mechanism comprises:
the sliding large flow plate is used as a supporting part and is connected with the four-degree-of-freedom grabbing manipulator;
the support guide rail sliding block is arranged at the lower part of the sliding large flow plate;
a supporting guide rail, which is matched with the supporting guide rail slide block and is used for guiding;
the synchronous belt is arranged in the middle of the supporting guide rail;
and the stepping motor is used for outputting the power for the motion of the linear displacement transmission mechanism.
10. The practical training assessment device for automatic processing and assembling production line according to claim 1, wherein said control units are combined in a modular manner, comprising: PLC module, converter module, step driver, power module and touch-sensitive screen module.
11. The practical training assessment device for the automatic processing and assembling production line according to claim 1, further comprising: and the safety socket is arranged on the workbench and connects the control lines and the power lines of the feeding station, the processing station, the assembling station, the sorting station and the carrying station with the output line of the control unit in a switching way.
CN200810087779XA 2008-03-26 2008-03-26 Device for practically training and evaluating automatic processing-assembling production lines Active CN101546490B (en)

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