CN101539557B - Integrating system for radioactive substance detection and X-ray radiation imaging - Google Patents
Integrating system for radioactive substance detection and X-ray radiation imaging Download PDFInfo
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- CN101539557B CN101539557B CN 200810102141 CN200810102141A CN101539557B CN 101539557 B CN101539557 B CN 101539557B CN 200810102141 CN200810102141 CN 200810102141 CN 200810102141 A CN200810102141 A CN 200810102141A CN 101539557 B CN101539557 B CN 101539557B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of radioactive substance detection and X-ray radiation imaging, provides an integrating system for carrying out radioactive substance detection and X-ray radiation imaging on a detected object in the same place, and solves the problem that the two detections are carried out separately in the prior art. The integrating system comprises X-ray detection equipment and radioactive substance monitoring equipment, wherein the X-ray detection equipment is used for carrying out X-ray radiation imaging detection on the detected object; and the radioactive substance monitoring equipment is used for detecting radioactive rays given out by the detected object and preventing X-ray radiation from reaching a device of the radioactive substance monitoring equipment. The integrating system realizes compact integration of the two detections, thereby greatly saving space and time resources, and avoiding waste of manpower and materials caused by continuous delivery of goods between the radioactive substance monitoring equipment and the X-ray detection equipment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates in general to article and checks field, is specifically related to radiomaterial and detects and the X-ray examination field.
Background technology
Radioactive matter monitoring equipment has been widely used in the gateway radioexmination of customs, border, airport, nuclear power plant and other important place, for stoping the illegal transfer of radiomaterial.Radioactive matter monitoring equipment of the prior art is mainly while utilizing radiomaterial/special nuclear material by equipment, gamma, neutron ray that it is launched are detected, the system counts rate caused according to described gamma, neutron ray changes or the power spectrum ANOMALOUS VARIATIONS, thereby whether the tested object that judgement is passed through contains radiomaterial/special nuclear material.
Except radioactive matter monitoring, usually in the gateway of important place, also to carry out X-ray check to the turnover article.X-ray detection equipment of the prior art is to utilize X-ray machine for radiation source, when passing through checkout equipment, tested object detects the X-ray dosage that sees through object, change according to the dosage that sees through recorded mass thickness and the picture information that obtains object, and judge whether accordingly to contain dangerous goods.
Above-mentioned radioactive matter monitoring equipment and X-ray detection equipment can complete function separately in different inspection fields, but a problem is, above-mentioned radioactive matter monitoring equipment and X-ray detection equipment placed adjacent can not be carried out to radioactive matter monitoring and X-ray check to a tested object.Its reason is: when tested object is carried out to the X-ray radiation imaging inspection, X-ray detection equipment can be launched a large amount of X ray, and wherein some X ray can bleed in the radioactive matter monitoring equipment of placed adjacent.Because radioactive matter monitoring equipment judges by the detection to ray whether the tested object passed through contains radiomaterial just, so the X ray bled can affect the accuracy of detection of radioactive matter monitoring equipment, make it can't correctly judge that detected abnormal radiation is because radiomaterial causes or caused by the X ray bled.And then, due to can not be by above-mentioned radioactive matter monitoring equipment and X-ray detection equipment placed adjacent, so must constantly transport kinds of goods between radioactive matter monitoring equipment and X-ray detection equipment in customs such as airport or harbours, cause a large amount of human and material resources, the waste on room and time.
Summary of the invention
Defect in view of having in prior art as mentioned above, be desirable to provide a kind of integrated system, can survey in same place radiomaterial simultaneously and carry out the X-ray radiant image.
The present invention has solved various interference and the mutual problem of coordinating of the integrated middle appearance of described radiomaterial detecting devices and X-ray detection equipment by rational shielding setting.
According to one embodiment of present invention, provide a kind of for tested object being carried out to the system of radiomaterial detection and X-ray radiant image, this system comprises: X-ray detection equipment, for tested object is carried out to the X-ray radiation imaging inspection; Radioactive matter monitoring equipment, with described X-ray detection equipment placed adjacent, the radioactive ray sent for detection of described tested object; And for stopping that the X-ray radiation arrives the device of described radioactive matter monitoring equipment.
By above technical scheme, the compactness that has realized X-ray object checkout facility and radioactive matter monitoring equipment is integrated, can carry out x radiation x imaging inspection and radioactive matter monitoring in same place, greatly saved the space resources of the customs such as airport, harbour, saved the time, and then avoided due to the waste constantly transporting between radioactive matter monitoring equipment and X-ray detection equipment on the human and material resources that kinds of goods cause.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Below by by reference to the accompanying drawings each embodiment being described in detail, identical Reference numeral means identical building block.
Fig. 1 is according to an embodiment of the invention for detection of radiomaterial and object is carried out to the side view of the system of X-ray examination;
Fig. 2 be as shown in Figure 1 for detection of radiomaterial and object is carried out to the vertical view of the system of X-ray examination;
Fig. 3 is radioactive matter monitoring equipment when comprising environmental exact details work, the scattering energy spectrum that multichannel pulse scope-analyzer (MCA) obtains;
Fig. 4 is the concrete composition frame chart of radioactive matter monitoring equipment.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 be according to one embodiment of the invention for detection of radiomaterial and object is carried out to the side view of the system 100 of X-ray examination, wherein Reference numeral 101 means radioactive matter monitoring equipment, the gamma sent for detection of tested object or neutron ray.102 mean X-ray detection equipment, for tested object is carried out to the X-ray radiation imaging inspection.Wherein radioactive matter monitoring equipment 101 is placed in the entrance both sides of X-ray detection equipment 102, but those skilled in the art also can expect being placed on the outlet both sides of X-ray detection equipment 102, or be placed in a side of entrance or outlet, and be placed on the upper and lower of X-ray detection equipment 102.103 mean objective table, for carrying tested object.104 mean crawler belt, for transmitting tested object, from the position of accepting radioactive matter monitoring, are advanced through X-ray detection equipment 102.105 mean pillar, for supporting objective table 103.
Fig. 2 be as shown in Figure 1 for detection of radiomaterial and object is carried out to the vertical view of the system of X-ray examination, totally with Reference numeral 200, mean.Wherein Reference numeral 201 means and radioactive matter monitoring equipment identical in Fig. 1.202 mean and X-ray detection equipment identical in Fig. 1.203 are illustrated in emission in X-ray detection equipment 202, the X ray process collimation.With X-ray detection equipment 102 when being checked, this X-ray detection equipment is launched X ray continuously, wherein feels at very strong fan-shaped initial X-ray, this fan-shaped initial X-ray is collimated into X ray 203 being collimated device.It is collimated, tested object is crossed in transmission and the detector testing process in, have a large amount of scattered ray and form, near the accuracy of detection of radioactive substance detection device 201 these scattered ray may affect in the prior art.204 mean plumbous curtain, for the described scattered ray of shield portions.205 mean tested object, and 205 ' expression is in the tested object of accepting the X-ray check position.206 expressed portions are divided the first shield that surrounds radioactive matter monitoring equipment 201.207 mean to surround at least partly the secondary shielding body of X-ray detection equipment 202.
In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the xsect of X-ray detection equipment 202 is rectangle, and it is surrounded fully by secondary shielding body 207.Radioactive matter monitoring equipment 201 and the first shield 206 are placed in a side of the porch of X-ray detection equipment 202, described the first shield 206 is the shape of a hoof, its arc end surrounds described radioactive matter monitoring equipment 201, and the carriage direction precedent of opening axis and tested object is as miter angle.And two arms of opening portion stretch out from the circular arc position, to guarantee the scattered ray sent during in natural plumbness at all plumbous curtains 204 by X-ray detection equipment 202 or the X-fluorescence ray be excited and the scattered ray leaked out herein, can not arrive radioactive matter monitoring equipment 201.Preferably, described the first shield 206 can also shield natural background ray at least in part, to improve system sensitivity.Described opening has also guaranteed that tested object 205 is had to enough subtended angles, gamma and neutron ray that the tested object 205 of detection that can be correct sends simultaneously.This subtended angle, or claim the visual field, with the inspection velocity correlation of 202 pairs of article of X-ray detection equipment, when speed is fast, subtended angle suitably strengthens, and when speed is slow, subtended angle can suitably dwindle.Use in the present embodiment miter angle as example, those of ordinary skill in the art also can be easy to expect using other angles certainly, and for example the angle between the 30-60 degree, reach identical technique effect.Equally, those of ordinary skill in the art can be easy to expect radioactive matter monitoring equipment 201 and the first shield 206 are placed in to both sides or the upper and lower of X-ray detection equipment 202 entrances or outlet, does not affect and guarantees passing unimpeded and not taking outer place of tested goods.As long as the first shield 206 can mask the scattering on plumbous curtain, any angle and placement location can be realized.A plurality of radioactive matter monitoring equipment 201 and the first shields 206 that are placed in diverse location, angle can be used simultaneously, as long as it can mask the scattering on plumbous curtain and gamma and the neutron ray of enough subtended angles to send for detection of tested object 205 arranged.In addition, except the shape of a hoof, the first shield 206 can also be realized or any encirclement shape realization with openings at one side with C shape, as polygons such as rectangles.In another embodiment, the first shield 206 is implemented as unidirectional baffle, described unidirectional baffle can be placed between described radioactive matter monitoring equipment 201 and X-ray detection equipment 202, for unidirectional, block described X-ray radiation and arrives described radioactive matter monitoring equipment 201.In a preferred embodiment, the first shield 206 is implemented as the unidirectional baffle of yi word pattern.
In a preferred implementation, use heavy metal material to make the first shield 206 and secondary shielding body 207, because neutron counterweight metal has good penetrability, therefore form the first shield 206 and secondary shielding body 207 with heavy metal material, not only can reach good shield effectiveness to X ray, and can make that the detection sensitivity of neutron is unaffected or impact is very little.
Explain by improving the detection lower bound of amplifier or multiple tracks below in conjunction with Fig. 3, reduce the impact of scattered ray on radioactive matter monitoring equipment.When the gamma of launching at radiomaterial and/or neutron ray incide radioactive matter monitoring equipment 201, with the material for detector in radioactive matter monitoring equipment 201, interact and be converted into electric impulse signal output; This electric impulse signal zooms into type, data acquisition etc. through linearity, can by counting rate, be recorded by system, also can be recorded as power spectrum by the signal amplitude size.Fig. 3 is radioactive matter monitoring equipment 201 when comprising environmental exact details work, the scattering energy spectrum that multichannel pulse scope-analyzer (MCA) obtains, and wherein transverse axis means number, the longitudinal axis means counting.
Fig. 4 specific explanations the concrete composition frame chart of radioactive matter monitoring equipment, this radioactive matter monitoring equipment totally means with Reference numeral 400 in Fig. 4.This radioactive matter monitoring equipment 400 mainly comprises: gamma detection module 401, neutron detection module 402, take/speed detector 403, gate detector 404, temperature-controlling module 405, sound and light alarm 406, video monitoring 407, signal transmission and controller 408, computing machine 409, TCP/IP module 410, USP power supply 411.Wherein the signal transmission is included in data acquisition and processing subsystem 412 with controller 408, computing machine 409, TCP/IP module 410.Gamma detection assembly 401 is comprised of high-sensitive plastic scintillant/NaI crystal, low-noise photomultiplier, high pressure, amplifier etc., for surveying gamma ray and its signal being transferred to data acquisition and processing subsystem 412.Neutron detection assembly 402 forms by optimizing slow body structure, He-3 direct ratio neutron tube, high pressure, amplifier etc., for carrying out detected neutron and its signal being transferred to data acquisition and processing subsystem 412.Whether take/speed detector 403 is comprised of the correlation infrared sensor be contained on opposition detection post, in order to know, have checking matter to pass through monitored area.Data acquisition and processing subsystem 412 form with counter or multichannel analyzer and senior reduced instruction set processor (ARM) embedded system, in order to the acquisition and processing data, judge whether to exist the radiation meter digit rate or power spectrum abnormal and produce relevant warning message.By software, relevant data processing and calculating, condition correction, logic judgement etc. are formed to a set of alarm algorithm, and the softwares such as user interface, information leave-on.Gate detector 404, temperature-controlling module 405, sound and light alarm 406, video monitoring 407, signal transmission belong to functional module of the prior art with controller 408, computing machine 409, TCP/IP module 410, USP power supply 411, concisely consider for instructions, at this, its concrete composition is not tired out and states one by one.Those of ordinary skills also are appreciated that each functional module can increase and decrease according to the actual requirements.
When radiomaterial passes through checkout equipment, when the radiation meter digit rate detected or power spectrum abnormal, can judge that tested object contains radiomaterial.In order effectively to monitor radiomaterial, radioactive matter monitoring equipment 201 need be according to system environmental exact details level of living in, determine that counting rate alarm threshold value and/or ray energy spectrum change limit value, to meet the requirement of system sensitivity, accuracy, monitoring velocity and false alarm rate.The radiation meter digit rate of systematic survey or the peak area of power spectrum meet the physical statistics rule, at a metastable environment, in the situation that is recorded (or relatively small amount) without Electronics noice, the counting rate of known last period or peak area, can predict the counting rate of next period or the probability that area goes out present worth, usually appear at 5 probabilities outside Sigma much smaller than 0.1%, thereby alarm threshold value is set in 5 Sigmas basically, the rate of false alarm level that meets nearly all standard-required, this threshold value also becomes the sensitivity of this system, when next counting rate or peak area are equal to or greater than the counting rate of previous (or average or take before) or 5 Sigmas that peak area adds it, it is output alarm.Equally, if a radioactive source is arranged, the counting rate that its ray is detected or the true value of its peak area are 5 Sigmas of background counting rate now or peak area (corresponding district), and system thresholds is arranged on 5 Sigmas, press statistical law, the accuracy rate that this source is detected is 50%, is also the requirement of general standard institute; In like manner because of statistical law, the factor analysis such as the time of the index such as sensitivity and detection and object translational speed.When object to be detected when the radioactive matter monitoring equipment 201, if the radiation meter digit rate measured or power spectrum intensity of variation higher than setting value, radioactive matter monitoring equipment 201 output alarm information.The ray energy feature (power spectrum) detected according to system, can differentiate the classification of radiomaterial and concrete nucleic.Particularly, power spectrum is by the two-dimensional spectrum of the large small records of the ray energy detected, as spectrometer passes through energy calibration in advance, as used 241Am (characteristic energy 59KeV...), 137Cs (characteristic energy 661.6KeV...), 60Co (characteristic energy 1173.2KeV, 1332.5KeV), the energy that its full energy peak is corresponding is all known; Detection to unknown source, as occurred peak in power spectrum or obtaining peak position by the mathematics spectrum unscrambling, be converted to energy through calibration factor, it is the source nucleic at known this peak, certainly a lot of nucleic have a plurality of characteristic peaks, and the ratio of its minute is fixed, but, because of factors such as self-absorption, detection efficiency, shielding, interference, multinuclear element are overlapping, the peak area ratio difference detected can be very large.
Get back to Fig. 3, in figure, the grey spectral line of below is the power spectrum of environmental exact details, and main naturally occurring radioactive substance in cosmic rays and environment forms.The black spectral line be positioned on the grey spectral line is while comprising environmental exact details and the unleaded curtain shielding of X-ray detection equipment 202 and work, the power spectrum that radioactive matter monitoring equipment 201 detects.，Di road number in the black power spectrum, low-yield district demonstrates very high counting rate.This is lost large energy in X-ray detection equipment 202 after the one or many scattering, so its energy mainly concentrates on Low Energy Region because of described scattered ray.And tested object is when contained radiomaterial, its ray energy usually can be higher than the Low Energy Region shown in figure.That is to say, the ray energy that tested object sends from the X-ray scattered ray in different energy range.
According to one embodiment of present invention, at the black spectrum curve, the flex point from high count rate to steadily low counting rate is provided with and detects lower bound (LLD).Requirement and the sensitivity index according to concrete detector ray energy scope dynamically arranges flexibly by digital circuit to detect lower bound.According to definite energy limit, can determine the detection lower bound.Particularly, through the power spectrum of scale, energy is corresponding with the road number, has definite energy limit that the detection of determining lower bound is arranged.In general standard, detection sensitivity to homology not requires different, and sensitivity is relevant to counting rate or the corresponding interval area of background, thereby for meeting the sensitivity requirement of respective sources, can adjust targetedly the detection lower bound, as the characteristic peak of 60Co more than 1MeV, thereby for number system, detect lower bound by raising, reduce sample-out count, can improve the sensitivity of surveying the 60Co source.Counting rate and the power spectrum of the system in the time of can determining background detection energy district in simultaneously and comprise X-ray detection equipment work, and the system that calculates is surveyed sensitivity and and the sensitivity difference amount of X-ray detection equipment while not working in Gai Neng district.Detect lower bound by setting this, radioactive matter monitoring equipment 201 does not record the low energy scattered ray lower than this detection lower bound, only records the high energy radioactive ray, thereby has reduced the impact of scattered ray on radioactive matter monitoring.
When X-ray detection equipment is worked, because of unlatching, goods turnover and the size of plumbous curtain, the difference of quality, may cause scattered ray to pile up toward high energy region, cause the strange change of counting rate and spectral pattern, thereby bring difficulty to the setting that detects lower bound.As seen from Figure 3, the part black power spectrum of the expression scattered ray energy of above-mentioned Low Energy Region be continuous, without the obvious characteristic peak, smooth power spectrum that be the index decreased type.On the contrary, the ray energy spectrum of all radiomaterials all should have characteristic peak and the power spectrum that structure is arranged.Therefore, to by detect the radioactive substance detection system of the radioactive ray power spectrum that described tested object sends with multichannel pulse scope-analyzer, by the black power spectrum being carried out to the technical finesses such as digital filtering technique and smooth treatment, energy calibration, spectrum unscrambling, the continuous smooth background spectrum that comprises scattered ray can be filtered, thereby reduce the impact of scattered ray on radioactive matter monitoring.Described digital filtering technique comprises various ways, as designs a high pass low-cut filter F () and be used for changing power spectrum, as Bj=F (Ai) i=1, and 2,3 ... 1024, Ai is the original power spectrum of obtaining herein, Bj is through the filtering power spectrum.Because the energy resolution of detector measurement ray is fixing and known (passing through scale), so the frequency spectrum of institute's selecting filter is known.Utilize above-mentioned digital filtering technique to supplement the setting that detects lower bound, can reduce the difficulty of spectrum unscrambling and peak-seeking, peak identification.
Those skilled in the art can expect the Shielding plan that uses heavy metal material to X ray is applied in each embodiment.And, can shield be set and embodiments such as detecting lower bound is set separately and be used in combination above.Those of ordinary skill in the art can also find out various modification and alternative under the condition that does not break away from general idea of the present invention, and it is all within the application's protection domain.Term " comprises/comprises " element/step of not getting rid of outside listed element/step, and " one/a kind of " does not get rid of a plurality of situation that comprises.
Claims (18)
- One kind for tested object is carried out, radiomaterial is surveyed and the system of X-ray radiant image, described system comprises:X-ray detection equipment, for carrying out the X-ray radiation imaging inspection to tested object;Radioactive matter monitoring equipment, with described X-ray detection equipment placed adjacent, the radioactive ray sent for detection of described tested object;It is characterized in that, this system also comprises:For stopping that the X-ray radiation by described X-ray detection equipment emission arrives the device of described radioactive matter monitoring equipment,Wherein, described for stopping that device that X-ray radiation by the emission of described X-ray detection equipment arrives described radioactive matter monitoring equipment comprises that part surrounds described radioactive matter monitoring equipment in order to stop that described X-ray radiation arrives the baffle of described radioactive matter monitoring equipment, described baffle has the radioactive ray that openings at one side sends tested object and arrives described radioactive matter monitoring equipment by described opening.
- 2. the system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the shape of described baffle is to select in the group from being comprised of following various shapes: the shape of a hoof, C type and the polygon with openings at one side.
- 3. the system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described system also comprises conveyer, for tested object is sent to described X-ray detection equipment from the position of accepting radioactive matter monitoring.
- 4. system as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, between the axis of described opening and the direction of transfer of described tested object, has an angle, so that the radioactive ray that the described tested object of correct detection sends.
- 5. system as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, described angle is between 30 to 60 degree.
- 6. system as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, described angle is 45 degree.
- 7. the system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described radioactive matter monitoring equipment and described for stopping that device that the X-ray radiation arrives described radioactive matter monitoring equipment is placed in the porch of described X-ray detection equipment.
- 8. system as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that described radioactive matter monitoring equipment and described for stopping that device that the X-ray radiation arrives described radioactive matter monitoring equipment is placed in upside, downside, left side, right side or its combination of the porch of described X-ray detection equipment.
- 9. the system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described radioactive matter monitoring equipment and described for stopping that device that the X-ray radiation arrives described radioactive matter monitoring equipment is placed in the exit of described X-ray detection equipment.
- 10. system as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that described radioactive matter monitoring equipment and described for stopping that device that the X-ray radiation arrives described radioactive matter monitoring equipment is placed in upside, downside, left side, right side or its combination in the exit of described X-ray detection equipment.
- 11. system as described as any one in claim 1-10, is characterized in that, described for stopping that the device that the X-ray radiation arrives described radioactive matter monitoring equipment made by heavy metal.
- 12. one kind for tested object is carried out, radiomaterial is surveyed and the system of X-ray radiant image, described system comprises:X-ray detection equipment, for carrying out the X-ray radiation imaging inspection to tested object;Radioactive matter monitoring equipment, with described X-ray detection equipment placed adjacent, the radioactive ray sent for detection of described tested object;It is characterized in that, this system also comprises:For stopping that the X-ray radiation by described X-ray detection equipment emission arrives the device of described radioactive matter monitoring equipment,Wherein, described for stopping that the device that X-ray radiation by the emission of described X-ray detection equipment arrives described radioactive matter monitoring equipment comprises unidirectional baffle, described unidirectional baffle is placed between described radioactive matter monitoring equipment and X-ray detection equipment, for blocking described X-ray radiation, arrives described radioactive matter monitoring equipment.
- 13. system as claimed in claim 12, is characterized in that, described unidirectional baffle comprises the yi word pattern baffle that arrives described radioactive matter monitoring equipment for blocking described X-ray radiation.
- 14. system as claimed in claim 12, is characterized in that, described radioactive matter monitoring equipment and described for stopping that device that the X-ray radiation arrives described radioactive matter monitoring equipment is placed in the porch of described X-ray detection equipment.
- 15. system as claimed in claim 14, it is characterized in that described radioactive matter monitoring equipment and described for stopping that device that the X-ray radiation arrives described radioactive matter monitoring equipment is placed in upside, downside, left side, right side or its combination of the porch of described X-ray detection equipment.
- 16. system as claimed in claim 12, is characterized in that, described radioactive matter monitoring equipment and described for stopping that device that the X-ray radiation arrives described radioactive matter monitoring equipment is placed in the exit of described X-ray detection equipment.
- 17. system as claimed in claim 16, it is characterized in that described radioactive matter monitoring equipment and described for stopping that device that the X-ray radiation arrives described radioactive matter monitoring equipment is placed in upside, downside, left side, right side or its combination in the exit of described X-ray detection equipment.
- 18. system as described as any one in claim 12-17, is characterized in that, described for stopping that the device that the X-ray radiation arrives described radioactive matter monitoring equipment made by heavy metal.
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| CN 200810102141 CN101539557B (en) | 2008-03-18 | 2008-03-18 | Integrating system for radioactive substance detection and X-ray radiation imaging |
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| CN1204403A (en) * | 1995-10-31 | 1999-01-06 | 比奥特雷斯公司 | Ultralow background multiple photon detector |
| CN1849095A (en) * | 2003-09-08 | 2006-10-18 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | Imaging system with non-circular patient aperture |
| US20050166473A1 (en) * | 2004-01-30 | 2005-08-04 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Facility for setting up and system testing of x-ray systems |
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