CN101509035A - Lung cancer parting gene sequence and uses thereof - Google Patents
Lung cancer parting gene sequence and uses thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101509035A CN101509035A CNA2008102122084A CN200810212208A CN101509035A CN 101509035 A CN101509035 A CN 101509035A CN A2008102122084 A CNA2008102122084 A CN A2008102122084A CN 200810212208 A CN200810212208 A CN 200810212208A CN 101509035 A CN101509035 A CN 101509035A
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Abstract
本发明公开了用于肺癌基因分型的基因序列以及该基因序列的基因芯片。本发明还公开了该基因序列用于肺癌样品基因分型的方法。本发明的用于肺癌分型和诊断的基因序列可以快速高通量的筛选出与肺癌分子分型可能相关的基因,对肺癌组织进行分子分型。
The invention discloses a gene sequence for genotyping of lung cancer and a gene chip of the gene sequence. The invention also discloses a method for using the gene sequence to genotype lung cancer samples. The gene sequence used for typing and diagnosing lung cancer of the present invention can quickly and high-throughput screen out genes that may be related to molecular typing of lung cancer, and carry out molecular typing of lung cancer tissues.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及一种进行肺癌病理分型的基因检测分析方法,属于分子生物学技术应用领域。The invention relates to a gene detection and analysis method for pathological typing of lung cancer, which belongs to the application field of molecular biology technology.
背景技术 Background technique
肺癌在病理学上分为小细胞癌、鳞状细胞癌、腺癌、大细胞癌等几种类型,在基本类型下还有多种亚型的区分。各病理类型的肺癌在肿瘤的生物学行为、对放疗、化疗及分子靶向药物的敏感性等方面存在差异,各型预后也不相同。因此,在临床上对肺癌作出诊断时,明确其病理分型对制订治疗方案、分析预后非常重要。Lung cancer is pathologically divided into several types such as small cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and large cell carcinoma. There are also multiple subtypes under the basic type. Different pathological types of lung cancer have differences in tumor biological behavior, sensitivity to radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and molecular targeted drugs, and the prognosis of each type is also different. Therefore, when making a clinical diagnosis of lung cancer, it is very important to clarify its pathological type for formulating treatment plans and analyzing prognosis.
在本发明之前,医学界对肺癌的病理分型主要依靠微观形态学及免疫组织化学方法。传统的病理组织学方法是将获取的病变组织通过固定、脱蜡、染色等步骤,制作成切片在在显微镜下分辨其微观结构。该方法步骤繁多,需要白白等待一二天的时间,在病理学专业人员对切片进行判读时也难免主观性。Before the present invention, the pathological classification of lung cancer in the medical field mainly relied on microscopic morphology and immunohistochemical methods. The traditional histopathological method is to fix, dewax, and stain the obtained lesion tissue into sections to distinguish its microstructure under a microscope. This method has many steps, and it needs to wait for one or two days in vain. It is also unavoidable for subjectivity when pathology professionals interpret the slices.
肿瘤的分子分型(molecular classification)是从系统生物学角度,采用现代新型高通量分子分析技术,根据分子(分子遗传学、分子生物学)改变特征,对肿瘤进行分类分型。分子分型既与组织形态学分型相关,又是对后者的积极补充。现有关于肺癌的分子生物学知识认为,不同病理类型肺癌的基因表达谱不同,即不同的基因在不同的病理组织有不同的丰度。Molecular classification of tumors is from the perspective of systems biology, using modern new high-throughput molecular analysis techniques to classify tumors according to the characteristics of molecular (molecular genetics, molecular biology) changes. Molecular typing is not only related to histomorphological typing, but also a positive complement to the latter. The existing molecular biology knowledge about lung cancer believes that the gene expression profiles of different pathological types of lung cancer are different, that is, different genes have different abundances in different pathological tissues.
DNA芯片或DNA微阵列,是通过微电子技术和微加工技术将大量特定序列的DNA片段或寡核苷酸片段按矩阵高密度固定于玻璃、硅片等载体上,待测样品用荧光分子标记后,与芯片上大DNA或寡核苷酸片段杂交,通过荧光扫描及计算机分析后获得大量基因信息的一种检测方法,其突出特点在于能够对微量样本中的核酸序列信息进行快速、准确、高通量的检测和分析,可以获得单个基因相关的表达水平,及相似的或完全相同基因表达模式的表达谱。DNA chip or DNA microarray is to immobilize a large number of DNA fragments or oligonucleotide fragments of a specific sequence on glass, silicon wafers and other carriers with high density in a matrix through microelectronic technology and microprocessing technology, and the samples to be tested are marked with fluorescent molecules Afterwards, hybridize with large DNA or oligonucleotide fragments on the chip, and obtain a large amount of genetic information through fluorescence scanning and computer analysis. Its outstanding feature is that it can quickly, accurately, and High-throughput detection and analysis can obtain the expression level related to a single gene, and the expression profile of similar or identical gene expression patterns.
应用高通量cDNA芯片和寡核苷酸芯片技术建立的基因表达谱,在过去几年里已经试验性的用于肿瘤诊断,这是一个革命性的变化。随着这些工具的应用,以前不能明确的肿瘤亚群已经被确定。另外,基因信号的发展能够用来预测预后的结论,这是从标准的组织病理学和免疫组织化学方法不能得出的,开拓了用病理诊断分析肿瘤的途径。通过基因芯片应用实例,说明了这项技术应用范围的广阔,甚至能提高组织病理学诊断预测能力。Gene expression profiling established by high-throughput cDNA chip and oligonucleotide chip technology has been experimentally used in tumor diagnosis in the past few years, which is a revolutionary change. With the application of these tools, previously indistinct tumor subgroups have been identified. In addition, the development of gene signatures can be used to predict prognosis conclusions, which cannot be drawn from standard histopathology and immunohistochemistry methods, opening up the way to analyze tumors with pathological diagnosis. Through the application example of gene chip, it shows that this technology has a wide range of applications, and it can even improve the ability of histopathological diagnosis and prediction.
小细胞肺癌与非小细胞肺癌的基因表达谱明显不同:构成鳞癌特症性表达谱的基因大多参与细胞解毒和抗氧化过程(如GST、羧基酯酶等),往往与支气管上皮细胞对环境致癌因素(如香烟成分)的代谢、解毒有关。而腺癌则以表面活性物质相关基因和小气道相关基因异常表达为特点(如Surfactants A2和B、Mucin1),提示这类肿瘤的细胞起源及其发病机制。大细胞肺癌的特征性基因表达谱,例如:过表达HMGI(Y)、TPA等,以及低表达E-cad、PAX-8和r-catenin等,反映了上皮细胞-间充质细胞转分化。此外,一部分被组织学诊断为大细胞肺癌的病例,根据基因表达谱却可以清楚地归入鳞癌或腺癌组。真正有价值的正是通过对基因表达谱分析,识别目前尚不能通过组织形态学加以区别,但却有临床意义的肿瘤亚型。The gene expression profiles of small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer are significantly different: most of the genes that constitute the characteristic expression profile of squamous cell carcinoma are involved in cell detoxification and antioxidant processes (such as GST, carboxyl esterase, etc.), and are often related to bronchial epithelial cells to the environment. It is related to the metabolism and detoxification of carcinogenic factors (such as cigarette ingredients). Adenocarcinoma is characterized by abnormal expression of surfactant-related genes and small airway-related genes (such as Surfactants A2 and B, Mucin1), suggesting the cell origin and pathogenesis of this type of tumor. The characteristic gene expression profiles of large cell lung cancer, such as overexpression of HMGI(Y), TPA, etc., and low expression of E-cad, PAX-8, and r-catenin, etc., reflect epithelial-mesenchymal cell transdifferentiation. In addition, some cases diagnosed as large cell lung cancer by histology can be clearly classified into squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma group according to the gene expression profile. What is really valuable is the identification of tumor subtypes that cannot be distinguished by histomorphology but have clinical significance through the analysis of gene expression profiles.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的目的之一是提供用于肺癌分型和诊断的基因序列,所述序列包括One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide gene sequences for typing and diagnosing lung cancer, which include
(a)SEQ ID NO 10至SEQ ID NO 323所示的序列;(a) the sequence shown in
(b)SEQ IDNO 10至SEQ ID NO 323所示的序列中每条序列的互补序列;(b) the complementary sequence of each of the sequences shown in
(c)与SEQ ID NO 10至SEQ ID NO 323所示的序列中每条序列有至少70%同源性的序列。(c) a sequence having at least 70% homology to each of the sequences shown in
本发明的目的之二是将基因序列用于肺癌分型和诊断领域,构建一种用于肺癌基因分型的基因芯片。The second object of the present invention is to use the gene sequence in the field of lung cancer typing and diagnosis, and construct a gene chip for lung cancer genotyping.
实现本发明第二个目的的一种用于肺癌基因分型的基因芯片,其构成包括固定载体和固定在固定载体上的寡核苷酸探针,其中所述寡核苷酸探针包括(a)SEQ ID NO 10至SEQ ID NO 323所示的序列;(b)SEQ ID NO 10至SEQ ID NO323所示的序列中每条序列的互补序列;(c)与SEQ ID NO 10至SEQ ID NO 323所示的序列中每条序列有至少70%同源性的序列。所述寡核苷酸探针还包括选自SEQ ID NO 1至SEQ ID NO 10的几种或全部阳性对照探针和阴性对照探针。A gene chip for lung cancer genotyping that realizes the second purpose of the present invention, which consists of a fixed carrier and an oligonucleotide probe fixed on the fixed carrier, wherein the oligonucleotide probe includes ( a) the sequence shown in
本发明寡核苷酸基因芯片分为4个区,每个区域按18×17矩阵排列,每个区含有9个阳性对照、5个阴性对照和3个空白对照。The oligonucleotide gene chip of the present invention is divided into 4 regions, each region is arranged in a matrix of 18×17, and each region contains 9 positive controls, 5 negative controls and 3 blank controls.
本发明的目的之三是提供一种肺癌样品基因分型的方法。该方法采用基因技术筛选与肺癌分子分型相关的基因,对肺癌的基因分型诊断及肺鳞癌、肺腺癌内亚型的细分诊断提供有价值的依据,为肺癌分子分型研究、实现肺癌病例个体化治疗提供参考。The third object of the present invention is to provide a method for genotyping lung cancer samples. This method uses genetic technology to screen genes related to the molecular typing of lung cancer, and provides a valuable basis for the genotyping diagnosis of lung cancer and the subdivision diagnosis of lung squamous cell carcinoma and lung adenocarcinoma subtypes. Provide a reference for realizing individualized treatment of lung cancer cases.
实现本发明第三个目的的肺癌样品基因分型方法,包括以下步骤:The lung cancer sample genotyping method for realizing the third purpose of the present invention comprises the following steps:
(1)分别提取95D细胞、肺腺癌组织、肺鳞癌组织的总RNA,以总RNA逆转录为cDNA,制作成有荧光标记的探针;(1) Extract total RNA from 95D cells, lung adenocarcinoma tissue, and lung squamous cell carcinoma tissue, reverse transcribe the total RNA into cDNA, and make fluorescently labeled probes;
(2)上述制备的杂交荧光探针与芯片进行杂交,获得杂交结果;(2) The hybridization fluorescent probe prepared above is hybridized with the chip to obtain the hybridization result;
(3)用ScanarrayLite激光共聚焦扫描仪扫描芯片,通过Genepix 5.1分析软件分析Cy3和Cy5两种荧光信号的强度和比值,其中Cy5/Cy3相差两倍以上且比值大于2.0或小于0.5表示基因有差异表达,并采用聚类方法分别对肺鳞癌和肺腺癌的基因表达谱进行相关性分析。(3) Use the ScanarrayLite laser confocal scanner to scan the chip, and analyze the intensity and ratio of Cy3 and Cy5 fluorescence signals through Genepix 5.1 analysis software, where the difference between Cy5/Cy3 is more than two times and the ratio is greater than 2.0 or less than 0.5, indicating that there are differences in genes The gene expression profiles of lung squamous cell carcinoma and lung adenocarcinoma were analyzed by clustering method.
本发明的用于肺癌分型和诊断的基因序列可以快速高通量地筛选出与肺癌分子分型可能相关的基因,对肺癌组织进行分子分型,提供一定线索,为临床诊断提供更多信息。The gene sequence for lung cancer typing and diagnosis of the present invention can quickly and high-throughput screen out genes that may be related to lung cancer molecular typing, perform molecular typing on lung cancer tissues, provide certain clues, and provide more information for clinical diagnosis .
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为芯片各区Oligo分布图。其中红色线框内是阳性对照,黄色线框内是空白对照,蓝色线框内是阴性对照。在黑白图中红色是黑线,黄色和蓝色是白线;Figure 1 is a distribution map of Oligo in each area of the chip. The red line frame is the positive control, the yellow line frame is the blank control, and the blue line frame is the negative control. In the black and white picture, red is black line, yellow and blue are white line;
图2为95D细胞总RNA电泳结果;Fig. 2 is the electrophoresis result of 95D cell total RNA;
图3为95D2在芯片的Block2上的杂交结果;Figure 3 is the hybridization result of 95D2 on Block2 of the chip;
图3.1(a)Cy3标记95D1,(b)Cy5标记95D2,在一张芯片杂交结果;Figure 3.1 (a) Cy3-labeled 95D1, (b) Cy5-labeled 95D2, hybridization results on one chip;
图3.2(a)(b)均用Cy5标记的杂交结果;Figure 3.2 (a) (b) hybridization results labeled with Cy5;
图4为鳞癌、腺癌部分癌组织及癌旁组织总RNA电泳结果;Figure 4 shows the results of total RNA electrophoresis in some cancer tissues and paracancerous tissues of squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma;
图4.1为同一鳞癌病人癌组织和癌旁组织总RNA电泳结果;Figure 4.1 shows the results of total RNA electrophoresis in cancer tissues and paracancerous tissues of the same squamous cell carcinoma patient;
图4.2为同一腺癌病人癌组织和癌旁组织总RNA电泳结果;Figure 4.2 shows the results of total RNA electrophoresis in cancer tissues and paracancerous tissues of the same adenocarcinoma patient;
图5为鳞癌和其癌旁组织与芯片杂交结果,其中(a)Cy3-鳞癌癌旁组织,(b)二者叠加图,(c)Cy5-鳞癌癌组织;Figure 5 is the result of hybridization of squamous cell carcinoma and its adjacent tissue with the chip, wherein (a) Cy3-adjacent squamous cell carcinoma tissue, (b) overlay of the two, (c) Cy5-squamous cell carcinoma tissue;
图6为腺癌和其癌旁组织与芯片杂交结果,其中(a)Cy3-腺癌癌旁组织,Figure 6 is the hybridization result of adenocarcinoma and its paracancerous tissue with the chip, wherein (a) Cy3-addenocarcinoma paracancerous tissue,
(b)二者叠加图,(c)Cy5-腺癌组织;(b) Overlay of the two, (c) Cy5-adenocarcinoma tissue;
图7为(a)肺鳞癌与其癌旁组织、(b)肺腺癌与其癌旁组织散点图;Figure 7 is a scatter diagram of (a) lung squamous cell carcinoma and its adjacent tissues, (b) lung adenocarcinoma and its adjacent tissues;
图8为7例腺癌病人癌组织与芯片杂交结果,其中(a)Cy3-X1,(b)Cy3-X3,Figure 8 shows the results of hybridization between cancer tissues and chips in 7 cases of adenocarcinoma patients, in which (a) Cy3-X1, (b) Cy3-X3,
(c)Cy3-X5,(d)Cy5-X2,(e)Cy5-X4,(f)Cy5-X6,(g)Cy5-X7;(c) Cy3-X5, (d) Cy5-X2, (e) Cy5-X4, (f) Cy5-X6, (g) Cy5-X7;
图9为8例鳞癌病人癌组织与芯片杂交结果,其中(a)Cy3-L1,(b)Cy3-L3,Figure 9 shows the results of hybridization between cancer tissues and chips in 8 cases of squamous cell carcinoma patients, in which (a) Cy3-L1, (b) Cy3-L3,
(c)Cy3-L5,(d)Cy5-L2,(e)Cy5-L4,(f)Cy5-L6,(g)Cy5-L7,(h)Cy5-L8;(c) Cy3-L5, (d) Cy5-L2, (e) Cy5-L4, (f) Cy5-L6, (g) Cy5-L7, (h) Cy5-L8;
图10为(a)肺鳞癌、(b)肺腺癌癌旁组织与芯片杂交结果;Figure 10 is the hybridization result of (a) lung squamous cell carcinoma, (b) lung adenocarcinoma adjacent tissue and chip;
图11为8例肺鳞癌和7例肺腺癌与芯片非监督聚类图,其中X代表腺癌,L代表鳞癌,p代表癌旁组织,红色为表达丰度高,黄色为丰度中,绿色为丰度低。在黑白图中,红色深,黄色浅,绿色中。Figure 11 is an unsupervised clustering map of 8 cases of lung squamous cell carcinoma and 7 cases of lung adenocarcinoma and chip, where X represents adenocarcinoma, L represents squamous cell carcinoma, p represents paracancerous tissue, red represents high expression abundance, and yellow represents abundance Medium, green is low abundance. In black and white pictures, red is dark, yellow is light, and green is medium.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
以下通过实施例对本发明作进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below through embodiment.
实施例1 构建肺癌分子分型相关基因信息库Example 1 Construction of gene information database related to molecular typing of lung cancer
根据前期研究提供的肺癌分子分型相关基因和GenBank数据库中的信息,利用美国国家生物技术信息中(NCBI)提供的BLAST分析软件找出肺癌相关基因保守序列,然后用生物学软件Array Designer 4.2设计332条长度均为60bp(mer)的Oligo探针。According to the genes related to molecular typing of lung cancer provided by previous studies and the information in the GenBank database, the BLAST analysis software provided by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) was used to find out the conserved sequences of lung cancer related genes, and then the biological software Array Designer 4.2 was used to design 332 Oligo probes with a length of 60bp (mer).
一、材料1. Materials
1.选定目的基因的来源:1. Select the source of the target gene:
1.1.搜集60个肺癌相关基因,购自American Type Culture Collection。1.1. Collect 60 lung cancer-related genes, purchased from American Type Culture Collection.
1.2.在60个肺癌相关基因基础上,利用抑制消减杂交(SSH)和cDNAMicroarray进一步筛选肺癌相关基因。1.2. On the basis of 60 lung cancer-related genes, the lung cancer-related genes were further screened by suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) and cDNA Microarray.
实验基于永生化人支气管上皮细胞(BEP2D)及其R15H20HE(恶性转化前时期)、R15H35细胞(恶性转化时期),与用60个肺癌相关基因建立的cDNA芯片杂交。利用SSH技术建立BEP2D细胞恶性转化不同时期的差异表达基因文库,其中A差减文库(BEP2D细胞的cDNA为tester,R15H35细胞的cDNA为driver)有416个克隆,B差减文库(R15H20细胞的cDNA为tester,BEP2D和R15H35细胞的cDNA混合后为driver)有301个克隆,C差减文库(R15H35细胞的cDNA为tester,BEP2D细胞的cDNA为driver)有586个克隆。将3个文库中的全部克隆制作在一张芯片上,筛选了15例肺癌组织、5例肺癌旁组织和其他8种癌组织(肝癌、胃癌、食管癌、乳腺癌、白血病、子宫内膜癌、脑神经胶质瘤和结肠癌各1-3例)中mRNA的表达差异。获得208个具较大差异表达的基因:肺癌组织高于肺癌旁组织表达的cDNA克隆27个,肺癌旁组织高于肺癌组织表达的31个,二者高于其他8种癌组织的分别为:肺癌旁组织中63个,肺癌组织中87个。The experiment is based on immortalized human bronchial epithelial cells (BEP2D) and its R15H20HE (pre-malignant transformation stage), R15H35 cells (malignant transformation stage), hybridized with cDNA chips established with 60 lung cancer-related genes. The differentially expressed gene libraries of BEP2D cells at different stages of malignant transformation were established by using SSH technology, among which A subtractive library (the cDNA of BEP2D cells is the tester, and the cDNA of R15H35 cells is the driver) has 416 clones, and the B subtractive library (the cDNA of R15H20 cells is The cDNA of BEP2D and R15H35 cells is a driver) and there are 301 clones, and the C subtraction library (the cDNA of R15H35 cells is a tester, and the cDNA of BEP2D cells is a driver) has 586 clones. All the clones in the 3 libraries were made on one chip, and 15 cases of lung cancer tissues, 5 cases of lung cancer tissues and 8 other cancer tissues (liver cancer, gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, breast cancer, leukemia, endometrial cancer, etc.) were screened. , 1-3 cases of brain glioma and colon cancer) mRNA expression differences. 208 genes with large differential expression were obtained: 27 cDNA clones with higher expression in lung cancer tissue than lung cancer adjacent tissue, 31 higher expression in lung cancer adjacent tissue than lung cancer tissue, the two were higher than the other 8 cancer tissues: There were 63 in adjacent tissues of lung cancer and 87 in lung cancer tissues.
1.3.从文献报道中搜集主要与肺癌病理分型、分期、预后及耐药相关的基因。1.3. Collect genes related to lung cancer pathological type, stage, prognosis and drug resistance from literature reports.
二、BLAST分析2. BLAST analysis
从基因GenBank中查出上述基因的相应全长DNA序列,将5’非编码区、3’非编码区及结构蛋白和非结构蛋白的基因序列分别进行BLAST分析,确保与其他物种的基因序列具有较强的特异性。根据分析结果获得肺癌相关基因的各保守区域的目的片段,作为设计Oligo探针的备选序列。Find the corresponding full-length DNA sequences of the above genes from GenBank, and perform BLAST analysis on the gene sequences of the 5' non-coding region, 3' non-coding region, and structural proteins and non-structural proteins to ensure that they are consistent with gene sequences of other species. Strong specificity. According to the analysis results, the target fragments of each conserved region of lung cancer-related genes were obtained as candidate sequences for designing Oligo probes.
三、Oligo探针的设计3. Design of Oligo Probe
利用生物软件Array Designer4.2分别对BLAST检索所得肺癌基因的保守序列逐一进行分析,设计探针长度为60bp的探针。为减少非特异性杂交,保证芯片的敏感度和精确度,探针设计遵循以下5条基本原则:①G+C含量为50%-70%;②探针的50%解链温度(Tm值)应接近70℃,上下波动5℃;③避免单一碱基连续重复8次以上;④探针分子内部互补碱基少于3bp;⑤每个探针与非靶基因的相似性必须<70%,探针连续同源的碱基数≤5个。对备选探针进行筛选时,各种参数尽量控制在最佳范围,以保证在同一张芯片上的探针在相同的杂交、清洗条件下得到最佳的杂交效果。Using the biological software Array Designer4.2 to analyze the conserved sequences of lung cancer genes retrieved by BLAST one by one, and design probes with a length of 60bp. In order to reduce non-specific hybridization and ensure the sensitivity and accuracy of the chip, the probe design follows the following five basic principles: ①G+C content is 50%-70%; ②The 50% melting temperature (Tm value) of the probe should be Close to 70°C, fluctuating 5°C; ③Avoid repeating a single base more than 8 times in a row; ④The internal complementary base of the probe molecule is less than 3bp; ⑤The similarity between each probe and the non-target gene must be <70%. The number of consecutive homologous bases is ≤5. When screening candidate probes, various parameters should be controlled within the optimal range as much as possible to ensure that the probes on the same chip get the best hybridization effect under the same hybridization and washing conditions.
通过GenBank搜索获得肺癌相关基因的全序列,将这些基因序列分别放入GenBank国际数据库系统进行BLAST分析,确定了各基因序列高度保守。故选取这些基因序列为Oligo探针的目标序列。遵循探针设计的基本原则,运用ArrayDesigner4.2软件设计出长度为60mer的特异Oligo(寡核苷酸)探针332条。其序列见表1“332条Oligo探针的序列”。The full sequences of lung cancer-related genes were obtained through GenBank search, and these gene sequences were put into the GenBank international database system for BLAST analysis, which confirmed that the sequences of each gene were highly conserved. Therefore, these gene sequences were selected as the target sequences of Oligo probes. Following the basic principles of probe design, 332 specific Oligo (oligonucleotide) probes with a length of 60mer were designed by using ArrayDesigner4.2 software. See Table 1 "Sequences of 332 Oligo Probes" for their sequences.
实施例2 肺癌分子分型相关寡核苷酸基因芯片的构建Example 2 Construction of oligonucleotide gene chips related to molecular typing of lung cancer
一、试剂准备1. Reagent preparation
所需的主要试剂按以下方法配制:The main reagents required are prepared as follows:
1.PBS溶液:称取8g NaCl,0.2g KCl,1.44g Na2HPO4,800ml蒸馏水中,用HCl调至PH至7.4,加水定容至1L,高压灭菌备用。1. PBS solution: Weigh 8g NaCl, 0.2g KCl, 1.44g Na 2 HPO 4 , 800ml distilled water, adjust the pH to 7.4 with HCl, add water to 1L, autoclave for later use.
2.20×SSC:在800ml水中容175.3gNaCl,88.2g柠檬酸钠,调PH至7.4,加水定容至1L,高压灭菌待用。2. 20×SSC: Dissolve 175.3g NaCl and 88.2g sodium citrate in 800ml water, adjust the pH to 7.4, add water to 1L, and autoclave for use.
3.10%SDS:在900ml水中溶解100g SDS,加热至68℃助溶,用浓盐酸调节PH至7.2,加水定容至1L,分装备用。3. 10% SDS: Dissolve 100g of SDS in 900ml of water, heat to 68°C to aid dissolution, adjust the pH to 7.2 with concentrated hydrochloric acid, add water to make up to 1L, and divide it for use.
4.50×Denhardt贮存液:5g聚蔗糖,5g聚乙烯咯烷酮,5g牛血清蛋白(组分V)溶解500ml水中,过滤除菌,备用。4. 50×Denhardt stock solution: 5g of polysucrose, 5g of polyvinylrolidone, 5g of bovine serum albumin (component V) was dissolved in 500ml of water, sterilized by filtration, and set aside.
5.杂交液:组成为50%甲酰胺,5×Denhardt液,6×SSC,0.5%SDS及100ug/ml,鲑鱼精DNA。5. Hybridization solution: the composition is 50% formamide, 5×Denhardt solution, 6×SSC, 0.5% SDS and 100ug/ml, salmon sperm DNA.
二、实验方法2. Experimental method
1.寡核苷酸探针的制备1. Preparation of Oligonucleotide Probes
所有寡核苷酸探针合成均采用标准亚磷酰氨化学法在3400DNA合成仪上合成。合成后用浓氨水55℃脱保护切割15h,用OPC柱纯化,紫外(UV-2400)定量。All oligonucleotide probe synthesis was performed on a 3400 DNA synthesizer using standard phosphoramidite chemistry. After synthesis, it was deprotected and cleaved with concentrated ammonia water at 55°C for 15 hours, purified with OPC column, and quantified by ultraviolet (UV-2400).
2.寡核苷酸芯片芯片制备2. Oligonucleotide chip preparation
2.1.制备氨基玻片:将载玻片用强碱的乙醇溶液浸洗,双蒸水冲洗干净后,浸入赖氨酸的PBS溶液中包被,取出水洗,离心,烘干。室温放置2周。对欲点样的玻片在点样前进行扫描,剔除背景信号强度高、质量差的芯片。2.1. Preparation of amino slides: soak the slides with strong alkali ethanol solution, rinse with double distilled water, immerse in lysine in PBS solution to coat, take out and wash with water, centrifuge and dry. Store at room temperature for 2 weeks. Scan the slides to be sampled before sample application, and reject chips with high background signal intensity and poor quality.
2.2.寡核苷酸芯片布阵:将纯化探针用点样仪于玻片,分成4个区,每个区制成18×17矩阵。依据所要点样的片段个数,预先确定各oligo的点阵图,每个样品在芯片上各重复3次。同时设空白对照、阴性对照、阳性对照。2.2. Arrangement of oligonucleotide chip: put the purified probe on the glass slide with a sampler, divide it into 4 areas, and make a matrix of 18×17 in each area. According to the number of fragments to be sampled, the dot matrix of each oligo is determined in advance, and each sample is repeated 3 times on the chip. At the same time, a blank control, a negative control, and a positive control were set up.
2.3.基因芯片的点制:寡核苷酸芯片由北京华大基因芯片提供,寡核苷酸探针以3×SSC溶解到浓度为40pmol/ul。用spotarray24型芯片点样仪按照预先布阵的方式,在玻璃片上确定要点样的位置和点样方式,调整点样参数。将寡核苷酸探针点到经氨基化处理的载玻片上,点间距离为230um,室温下于干燥器中放置一周,固化玻片上的寡核苷酸。2.3. Spotting of the gene chip: The oligonucleotide chip was provided by Beijing Huada Gene Chip, and the oligonucleotide probe was dissolved in 3×SSC to a concentration of 40 pmol/ul. Use the spotarray24 type chip spotter to determine the position and way of spotting on the glass slide according to the pre-array method, and adjust the spotting parameters. The oligonucleotide probes were spotted on the aminated glass slide with a distance of 230um, and placed in a desiccator at room temperature for one week to solidify the oligonucleotides on the slide.
2.4.基因芯片的后处理:用1×SSC水化上述芯片,使芯片上的点均匀;通过紫外交联65mJ固定玻片上的寡核苷酸上的胸腺嘧啶脱氧核苷残基和玻片上氨基之间的共价键;使用1-甲基-2-吡格烷酮封闭芯片,降低非特异杂交点。2.4. Post-treatment of the gene chip: hydrate the above-mentioned chip with 1×SSC to make the spots on the chip uniform; fix the thymidine residues on the oligonucleotides on the glass slide and the amino groups on the glass slide by UV cross-linking at 65mJ The covalent bond between; Use 1-methyl-2-pyriglidinone to block the chip to reduce non-specific hybridization points.
三、寡核苷酸芯片制备3. Preparation of oligonucleotide chips
将332个oligo按表2布阵所示点于氨基化玻片上制成寡核苷酸芯片:Put 332 oligos on the aminated slide to make an oligonucleotide chip according to the layout shown in Table 2:
1.合成332条oligo,其中包括9个阳性对照。另添加5个阴性对照,3个空白对照,以2×2布阵设置4个区(Block),每个区中探针的排布顺序见表2;1. Synthesize 332 oligos, including 9 positive controls. In addition, 5 negative controls and 3 blank controls were added, and 4 blocks (Blocks) were set up in a 2×2 array. The arrangement order of the probes in each block is shown in Table 2;
2.每个区域按18×17矩阵,每个区含有9个阳性对照,5个阴性对照,3个空白对照(见图1);2. Each area is in a 18×17 matrix, and each area contains 9 positive controls, 5 negative controls, and 3 blank controls (see Figure 1);
3.每个样品在芯片上有3次重复(横向重复3个点)。3. There are 3 replicates of each sample on the chip (3 points replicated laterally).
表2 芯片分区和探针在芯片上的排布顺序Table 2 Arrangement order of chip partitions and probes on the chip
Block1Block1
Block2Block2
Block3Block3
Block4Block4
实施例3 人高转移肺巨细胞癌细胞系95D细胞株在寡核苷酸芯片的验证Example 3 Verification of human highly metastatic lung giant cell carcinoma cell line 95D cell line on oligonucleotide chip
一、试剂准备1. Reagent preparation
所需的主要试剂按以下方法配制:The main reagents required are prepared as follows:
1.1640培养液:RPMI16401袋,溶于800ml水,加入碳酸氢钠2g,补加水至1L,用盐酸调节pH至7.2,过滤除菌分装备用。1.1640 culture medium: 1 bag of RPMI 1640 , dissolved in 800ml of water, add 2g of sodium bicarbonate, add water to 1L, adjust the pH to 7.2 with hydrochloric acid, filter and sterilize for use.
2.0.25%胰蛋白酶:称取胰蛋白酶0.125g,加水50ml,过滤除菌后分装,-20℃保存。2. 0.25% trypsin: Weigh 0.125g of trypsin, add 50ml of water, filter and sterilize, aliquot and store at -20°C.
3.TAE电泳缓冲液:用242gTris碱,57.1ml冰醋酸,37.2gNa2EDTA2H2O,加水至1L,配成50×储存液,用时稀释50倍。3. TAE electrophoresis buffer: use 242g Tris base, 57.1ml glacial acetic acid, 37.2gNa 2 EDTA2H 2 O, add water to 1L, make a 50× stock solution, and dilute 50 times when used.
4.DEPC水:将500ul DEPC溶解于500ml蒸馏水中,37℃放置12h,高压蒸汽灭菌后备用。4. DEPC water: Dissolve 500ul DEPC in 500ml distilled water, place at 37°C for 12h, and sterilize by high pressure steam for later use.
5.10%SDS:在900ml水中溶解100g SDS,加热至68℃助溶,用浓盐酸调节PH至7.2,加水定容至1L,分装备用。5. 10% SDS: Dissolve 100g of SDS in 900ml of water, heat to 68°C to aid dissolution, adjust the pH to 7.2 with concentrated hydrochloric acid, add water to make up to 1L, and divide for use.
6.杂交液(1250μl):甲酰胺(785μl),10%SDS(50μl),50×Denhardt(100μl)20×SSPE(315μl)。6. Hybridization solution (1250 μl): formamide (785 μl), 10% SDS (50 μl), 50×Denhardt (100 μl), 20×SSPE (315 μl).
7.封闭液(540μl):聚去氧腺苷酸核苷酸Polyda(5μg/vμl(20μl),tRNA(10μg/μl,20μl)。7. Blocking solution (540 μl): Polydeoxyadenosine nucleotide Polyda (5 μg/v μl (20 μl), tRNA (10 μg/μl, 20 μl).
8.杂交舱液(1000μl):Ddwater(610μl),20×SSC(160μl),甲酰胺(230μl)。8. Hybridization chamber solution (1000 μl): Ddwater (610 μl), 20×SSC (160 μl), formamide (230 μl).
9.杂交后清洗液:洗液A:1×SSC,0.2%SDS,洗液B:0.2×SSC,洗液C:0.1×SSC。9. Washing solution after hybridization: Washing solution A: 1×SSC, 0.2% SDS, Washing solution B: 0.2×SSC, Washing solution C: 0.1×SSC.
二.复苏、培养与传代95D细胞2. Recovery, culture and passage of 95D cells
1.液氮中取出装有95D细胞的冻存管,立即投入盛有37℃水的烧杯中,频繁搅动使其融化成悬液;1. Take out the cryopreservation tube containing 95D cells from liquid nitrogen, put it into a beaker filled with 37°C water immediately, and stir it frequently to make it melt into a suspension;
2.加入10%BCS RPMI1640完全培养液5ml,轻轻吹打均匀后离心1000rpm×5min,弃上清;2. Add 5ml of 10% BCS RPMI 1640 complete culture medium, gently blow and beat evenly, centrifuge at 1000rpm×5min, and discard the supernatant;
3.再次加入培养液5ml,轻轻吹打成悬液,离心1000rpm×5min,弃上清;3. Add 5ml of culture medium again, blow gently to form a suspension, centrifuge at 1000rpm×5min, and discard the supernatant;
4.加入培养液5ml,轻轻吹打成单细胞悬液,接种入培养瓶中,置于37℃、湿化5%CO2孵箱中培养,24h后更换培养液。4. Add 5ml of culture medium, blow gently to form a single cell suspension, inoculate into a culture bottle, place in a humidified 5% CO 2 incubator at 37°C, and replace the culture medium after 24 hours.
5.孵箱中取出培养瓶,吸出培养液,PBS冲洗2遍,加入0.25%胰酶0.5ml,37℃孵育2-3分钟;5. Take out the culture bottle from the incubator, suck out the culture medium, wash it twice with PBS, add 0.5ml of 0.25% trypsin, and incubate at 37°C for 2-3 minutes;
6.反复吹打贴壁细胞,将细胞悬液移至15ml离心管中。加入5mlPBS,离心1000rpm×5min,弃上清;6. Pipet the adherent cells repeatedly, and transfer the cell suspension to a 15ml centrifuge tube. Add 5ml of PBS, centrifuge at 1000rpm×5min, discard the supernatant;
7.再次加入5mlPBS,1000rpm×5min,弃上清;7. Add 5ml PBS again, 1000rpm×5min, discard the supernatant;
8.加入10%BCS RPMI1640完全培养液10ml,轻轻吹打成单细胞悬液,分别移入2只培养瓶中,置于37℃、湿化5%CO2孵箱中培养。8. Add 10ml of 10% BCS RPMI 1640 complete culture solution, blow gently to form a single cell suspension, transfer to 2 culture flasks respectively, and place them in a humidified 5% CO 2 incubator at 37°C for cultivation.
三.提取总RNA3. Extraction of total RNA
1.待细胞培养24小时,去除培养液;1. After the cells have been cultured for 24 hours, remove the culture medium;
2.按每10cm2加2ml TRIzol试剂的比例加入TRIzol;2. Add TRIzol according to the ratio of 2ml TRIzol reagent per 10cm2 ;
3.缓慢旋转培养皿数次,使TRIzol试剂充分接触培养皿表面进行消化;3. Slowly rotate the culture dish several times to make the TRIzol reagent fully contact the surface of the culture dish for digestion;
4.转移到经过DEPC处理无RNA酶的1.5ml Eppendorf管中,室温放置5分钟,使其充分裂解;4. Transfer to a 1.5ml RNase-free Eppendorf tube treated with DEPC, and place at room temperature for 5 minutes to fully lyse;
5.随后于4℃、12,000g离心5分钟,弃沉淀;5. Then centrifuge at 4°C, 12,000g for 5 minutes, and discard the precipitate;
6.按每1mlTRIzol中加入200ul氯仿(预冷),至匀浆液中,盖紧离心管盖,震荡混匀后,冰上放置15min;6. Add 200ul of chloroform (pre-cooled) to each 1ml of TRIzol, add to the homogenate, close the cap of the centrifuge tube tightly, shake and mix well, and place on ice for 15min;
7.4℃,12000g,离心15min;7.4°C, 12000g, centrifuge for 15min;
8.小心取上层水相将其转移入一新的EP管中;8. Carefully take the upper aqueous phase and transfer it into a new EP tube;
9.按每1mlTRIzol加入0.5ml异丙醇(预冷),轻轻颠倒混匀液体,在-20℃放置30min;9. Add 0.5ml of isopropanol (pre-cooled) for every 1ml of TRIzol, gently invert and mix the liquid, and place it at -20°C for 30min;
10.4℃,12000g,离心10min,弃去上清;10.4°C, 12000g, centrifuge for 10min, discard the supernatant;
11.按每1mlTRIzol加入1ml 75%乙醇,温和振荡离心管,悬浮沉淀;11. Add 1ml of 75% ethanol for every 1ml of TRIzol, shake the centrifuge tube gently, and suspend the sediment;
12.4℃,8,000g,离心5min,小心弃上清,用吸水纸吸干;12.4°C, 8,000g, centrifuge for 5min, discard the supernatant carefully, and blot dry with absorbent paper;
13.在室温,超净台内干燥沉淀5-10min;13. At room temperature, dry the sediment in the ultra-clean bench for 5-10 minutes;
14.加入Rnase-free的水完全溶解RNA沉淀后,—70℃保存。14. After adding RNase-free water to completely dissolve the RNA precipitate, store at -70°C.
总RNA鉴定:Total RNA Identification:
(a)RNA浓度测定:在微量比色杯中加入98μlDEPC处理过的双蒸水,再加入2μl样品(稀释50倍),用ND-1000紫外分光光度计测定各样品的D260和OD280值,根据下列公式计算RNA浓度:RNA量(μg/μl)=OD260×40×稀释倍数/1000。(a) Determination of RNA concentration: add 98 μl of DEPC-treated double distilled water to the microcuvet, then add 2 μl of sample (diluted 50 times), and measure the D 260 and OD 280 values of each sample with ND-1000 UV spectrophotometer , and the RNA concentration was calculated according to the following formula: RNA amount (μg/μl)=OD 260 ×40×dilution factor/1000.
(b)RNA纯度测定:在微量比色杯中加入99ulDEPC处理过的双蒸水,再加入1μl样品(稀释100倍),用ND-1000紫外分光光度计测定各样品的OD260、OD280和D230,计算OD260/OD280比值。当OD260/OD280为1.8-2.0,说明提取RNA纯度较高,无蛋白污染。(b) Determination of RNA purity: add 99ul of DEPC-treated double distilled water to the microcuvet, then add 1 μl of sample (diluted 100 times), and measure the OD 260 , OD 280 and D 230 , calculate the OD 260 /OD 280 ratio. When the OD 260 /OD 280 is 1.8-2.0, it means that the extracted RNA has high purity and no protein contamination.
(c)RNA的完整性检测:应用1%琼脂糖电泳检测RNA样品完整性,取5ul样品,应用琼脂糖电泳分离总RNA后,观察到完整清晰的28S、18S的RNA条带,且28S:18S=2∶1时,说明该RNA样品完整且未降解。如该比值逆转,表明有RNA降解,因为28SRNA可以特征性的降解为18S的RNA。(c) Integrity detection of RNA: Use 1% agarose electrophoresis to detect the integrity of the RNA sample. Take 5ul sample and separate the total RNA by agarose electrophoresis. Complete and clear RNA bands of 28S and 18S are observed, and 28S: When 18S=2:1, it means that the RNA sample is intact and not degraded. A reversal of this ratio indicates RNA degradation, since 28S RNA can be characteristically degraded to 18S RNA.
(三)反转录法标记探针(3) Labeling probes by reverse transcription
1.直接标记法1. Direct labeling method
将95D细胞用荧光Cy3或Cy5标记取20μg总RNA(按照美国Invitrogen公司第一链合成试剂盒说明书进行操作)进行反应,反应步骤如下:95D cells were labeled with fluorescent Cy3 or Cy5, and 20 μg of total RNA was taken (operated according to the instructions of the first-strand synthesis kit from Invitrogen, USA) for reaction. The reaction steps were as follows:
1.1.5mlRNase-free离心管中加入以下成分:1. Add the following ingredients to the 1.5ml RNase-free centrifuge tube:
mRNA 20μgmRNA 20μg
1.2.将微量离心管置于热循环仪内,68℃孵育10分钟后,迅速取出置于冰上冷却5分钟,离心轻甩;1.2. Place the microcentrifuge tube in a thermal cycler, incubate at 68°C for 10 minutes, then quickly take it out and place it on ice to cool for 5 minutes, then centrifuge gently;
1.3.在暗室中向管中分别加入下列成分:1.3. Add the following components to the tube in a dark room:
混匀并短暂离心后,置于42℃孵育2分钟;After mixing and centrifuging briefly, incubate at 42°C for 2 minutes;
1.4.向管中加入1μl的SuperScriptII RNaseH反转录酶(200u/μl),混匀后,仍置于42℃避光孵育2小时;1.4. Add 1 μl of SuperScriptII RNaseH reverse transcriptase (200u/μl) to the tube, mix well, and incubate at 42°C in the dark for 2 hours;
孵育68℃,15min; Incubate at 68°C for 15 minutes;
1.6.冷却至室温,加入25μl1M HEPES,以中和NaOH;两反应液混合(用于同一张芯片杂交的Cy3标记物和Cy5标记物);1.6. Cool to room temperature, add 25μl 1M HEPES to neutralize NaOH; mix the two reaction solutions (for Cy3 markers and Cy5 markers hybridized on the same chip);
1.7.补水至500μl,用酚:氯仿:异戊醇(25:24:1)提取液抽提一次;10000rpm,离心5min,取上液;1.7. Replenish water to 500μl, extract once with phenol:chloroform:isoamyl alcohol (25:24:1) extract; centrifuge at 10000rpm for 5min, and take the supernatant;
1.8.加入YM-30室温下,12000rpm离心8min纯化探针,使终体积为4μl;1.8. Add YM-30 at room temperature and centrifuge at 12000rpm for 8min to purify the probe, so that the final volume is 4μl;
1.9.加入4.5μl,2M乙醇胺室温作用15min,终止偶联。对偶联荧光素的产物进行回收纯化,并浓缩干燥。1.9. Add 4.5 μl of 2M ethanolamine to react at room temperature for 15 minutes to terminate the coupling. The product coupled with fluorescein was recovered, purified, concentrated and dried.
cDNA的鉴定及浓度测定Identification and concentration determination of cDNA
取1ul反转录产物于1%琼脂糖凝胶上进行电泳,估计产物大小判断探针质量。取1μl稀释至100μl,用ND-1000紫外分光光度计测其光密度OD260、OD280值,测定所得cDNA的浓度和荧光掺入率。cDNA的浓度:50ng/μl。Take 1ul of the reverse transcription product and perform electrophoresis on a 1% agarose gel, and estimate the size of the product to determine the quality of the probe. Take 1 μl and dilute it to 100 μl, measure its optical density OD 260 and OD 280 values with an ND-1000 ultraviolet spectrophotometer, and measure the concentration and fluorescence incorporation rate of the obtained cDNA. Concentration of cDNA: 50 ng/μl.
2.间接标记法2. Indirect labeling method
步骤(3)中不加Cy3-dCTP/Cy5-dCTP标记,先进行反转录;在步骤(5)之后而要上面每个浓缩的探针分别在10μl水中溶解,加入1μl1M碳酸氢钠(pH9.0),然后分别用1ul Cy3或Cy5标记,室温孵育60分钟。其他步骤同直接标记法。In step (3), do not add Cy3-dCTP/Cy5-dCTP label, first perform reverse transcription; after step (5), each concentrated probe above should be dissolved in 10 μl water respectively, and 1 μl 1M sodium bicarbonate (pH9 .0), then labeled with 1ul Cy3 or Cy5 respectively, and incubated at room temperature for 60 minutes. Other steps are the same as direct labeling method.
(四)芯片杂交与清洗(4) Chip hybridization and cleaning
1.杂交1. hybridization
1.1.配制杂交液:1.1. Preparation of hybridization solution:
20*SSPE 0.45μl 封闭剂 0.15μl PolydA 0.30μl20*SSPE 0.45μl Blocker 0.15μl PolydA 0.30μl
杂交液 7μl 探针 4μlHybridization Solution 7μl Probe 4μl
加热到95℃,3min,以最快速度离心2min。Heat to 95°C for 3 minutes, and centrifuge at the fastest speed for 2 minutes.
1.2.12μl的杂交体系加到芯片上,混匀95℃变性3min,13000rpm离心5min将杂交液加到芯片上42℃杂交箱温育16小时以上。1.2. Add 12 μl of hybridization system to the chip, mix well and denature at 95°C for 3 minutes, centrifuge at 13,000 rpm for 5 minutes, add the hybridization solution to the chip and incubate for more than 16 hours in a 42°C hybridization box.
2.清洗2. Cleaning
杂交后,使用洗液A(2×SSC,0.1%SDS)洗涤2次、各5min,洗液B(0.2×SSC,0.1%SDS)洗涤2次、各5min,洗液C(0.2×SSC)洗涤2次、各5min,将芯片离心,吹干(用电吹风吹干芯片上的液体)。After hybridization, wash with washing solution A (2×SSC, 0.1% SDS) twice for 5 minutes each, wash solution B (0.2×SSC, 0.1% SDS) twice for 5 minutes each, wash solution C (0.2×SSC) Wash twice for 5 minutes each, centrifuge the chip, and blow dry (dry the liquid on the chip with a hair dryer).
(五)荧光信号检测和结果分析(5) Fluorescent signal detection and result analysis
将处理好的芯片置于激光共聚焦荧光扫描仪ScanArray3000(GeneralScanning Int.)上,分别用Cy3和Cy5的光线进行扫描,调整光的扫描强度使结果达到最佳。扫描结果用Genepix5.1软件采集图片中数据进行分析。Place the processed chip on ScanArray3000 (General Scanning Int.) laser confocal fluorescence scanner, scan with Cy3 and Cy5 light respectively, and adjust the scanning intensity of light to achieve the best result. Scanning results were analyzed using Genepix5.1 software to collect data in pictures.
三、结果分析3. Results Analysis
1.95D细胞总RNA1.95D total cellular RNA
提取的95D细胞总RNA经1%琼脂糖凝胶电泳后可以清晰的看到18S RNA、28SRNA(图2,其中第一道是95D1;第二道是95D2;第三道是95D3),二者含量比值约为1:2,比例适当说明RNA没有降解。其OD260/OD280均在1.9—2.0之间,说明质量较好。提取的RNA要求无DNA污染,否则就要用DNase酶处理或进一步纯化成mRNA。18S RNA and 28S RNA can be clearly seen after 1% agarose gel electrophoresis of the extracted 95D cell total RNA (Fig. 2, wherein the first lane is 95D1; the second lane is 95D2; the third lane is 95D3). The content ratio is about 1:2, and the proper ratio indicates that the RNA is not degraded. Its OD 260 /OD 280 are all between 1.9-2.0, indicating that the quality is good. The extracted RNA requires no DNA contamination, otherwise it must be treated with DNase enzyme or further purified into mRNA.
2.基因芯片杂交结果2. Gene chip hybridization results
用反转录法标记的95DD细胞的探针与芯片进行杂交,结果如图3、3.1和3.2所示:图3为基因在同一张芯片上连续横向点点的情况,基因的平均CV值(变异系数)为10%;图3.1为95D1,95D2均用间接标记法,在一张芯片杂交结果;图3.2为均用Cy5标记,95D2用间接标记法,95D3用直接标记法的杂交结果。图3.2经数据分析发现,332个基因中有322个基因有较高的重复性,其3次间重复的相互比值在0.5和2.0之间;有6个基因具较差的重复性,其3次间重复的部分相互比值不在此范围内。因此,332个基因3次重复杂交的重复性为98.2%。The probes of the 95DD cells labeled by the reverse transcription method were hybridized with the chip, and the results are shown in Figures 3, 3.1 and 3.2: Figure 3 shows the continuous horizontal dots of genes on the same chip, and the average CV value of the gene (variation Coefficient) is 10%; Figure 3.1 shows the hybridization results of 95D1 and 95D2 using indirect labeling method on one chip; Figure 3.2 shows the hybridization results of both using Cy5 labeling, 95D2 using indirect labeling method, and 95D3 using direct labeling method. Figure 3.2 After data analysis, it is found that 322 genes among the 332 genes have high repeatability, and the mutual ratio between 3 repetitions is between 0.5 and 2.0; 6 genes have poor repeatability, and 3 Inter-repeat partial inter-ratio values are out of this range. Therefore, the reproducibility of the 332 gene crosses of 3 replicates was 98.2%.
实施例4 本发明寡核苷酸芯片的临床验证
本实施例对15例病理学检验明确诊断肺癌的患者采样进行本发明寡核苷酸芯片验证。其中肺鳞癌8例,均为男性;肺腺癌7例,男性4例,女性3例。对其中6例(鳞癌4例、腺癌2例)同时采取癌旁组织检验。癌组织和癌旁组织于手术分离后30分钟内冻存于液氮中。验证方法如下。In this example, the oligonucleotide chip of the present invention was verified by taking samples from 15 cases of patients with confirmed diagnosis of lung cancer by pathological examination. Among them, there were 8 cases of lung squamous cell carcinoma, all of which were male; 7 cases of lung adenocarcinoma, 4 cases of male and 3 cases of female. 6 cases (4 cases of squamous cell carcinoma and 2 cases of adenocarcinoma) were examined for paracancerous tissues at the same time. Cancer tissues and paracancerous tissues were frozen in liquid nitrogen within 30 minutes after surgical separation. The verification method is as follows.
一.按实施例3方法配制TAE电泳缓冲液、DEPC水、10%SDS、杂交液、封闭液、杂交舱液和杂交后清洗液。1. Prepare TAE electrophoresis buffer, DEPC water, 10% SDS, hybridization solution, blocking solution, hybridization chamber solution and post-hybridization cleaning solution according to the method in Example 3.
二.杂交荧光探针的制备2. Preparation of hybridization fluorescent probes
1.总RNA的提取与鉴定1. Extraction and identification of total RNA
按TRIZOL Reagent总RNA提取说明书进行操作:将组织用锡箔纸包好,存放于液氮中,要使用的器具提前预冷。Operate according to the TRIZOL Reagent total RNA extraction instructions: wrap the tissue in foil and store it in liquid nitrogen, and pre-cool the equipment to be used in advance.
1.1.从液氮中取出冻存管,用消毒好的钳子钳出组织,用锤子迅速砸碎组织,加入少量液氮迅速研磨,待组织变软,再加入液氮,再研磨如此三次,使组织充分研碎,之后移入玻璃匀浆器中;1.1. Take out the cryopreservation tube from the liquid nitrogen, use the sterilized forceps to clamp out the tissue, quickly crush the tissue with a hammer, add a small amount of liquid nitrogen to grind it quickly, wait until the tissue becomes soft, then add liquid nitrogen, and grind it three times, so that The tissue is thoroughly ground and then transferred to a glass homogenizer;
1.2.加入TRIzol。用量为每50~100mg组织加1ml TRIzol试剂;1.2. Add TRIzol. The dosage is to add 1ml TRIzol reagent per 50-100mg tissue;
1.3.在匀浆器中使TRIaol与组织充分混合并进行匀浆;1.3. Fully mix TRIaol with the tissue in a homogenizer and homogenize;
1.4.将组织匀浆全部移入已经经过DEPC处理无RNA酶的1.5ml Eppendorf管中,室温放置5分钟,使其充分裂解;1.4. Transfer all the tissue homogenate into a 1.5ml Eppendorf tube that has been treated with DEPC without RNase, and place it at room temperature for 5 minutes to fully lyse it;
1.5.随后于4℃、12,000g离心5min,弃沉淀;1.5. Centrifuge at 4°C and 12,000g for 5 minutes, and discard the precipitate;
1.6.按每1mlTRIzol中加入200μl氯仿(预冷),至匀浆液中,盖紧离心管盖,震荡混匀后,冰上放置15min;1.6. Add 200 μl of chloroform (pre-cooled) to each 1ml of TRIzol, put it into the homogenate, close the cap of the centrifuge tube tightly, shake and mix well, and place on ice for 15 minutes;
1.7.4℃,12,000g,离心15min;1.7.4°C, 12,000g, centrifuge for 15min;
1.8.小心取上层水相将其转移入一新的EP管中;1.8. Carefully take the upper aqueous phase and transfer it into a new EP tube;
1.9.按每1mlTRIzol加入0.5ml异丙醇(预冷),轻轻颠倒混匀液体,在-20℃放置30min;1.9. Add 0.5ml of isopropanol (pre-cooled) for every 1ml of TRIzol, gently invert and mix the liquid, and place it at -20°C for 30min;
1.10.4℃,12000g,离心10min,弃去上清;1. 10.4°C, 12000g, centrifuge for 10min, discard the supernatant;
1.11.按每1mlTRIzol加入1ml 75%乙醇,温和振荡离心管,悬浮沉淀;1.11. Add 1ml of 75% ethanol for every 1ml of TRIzol, shake the centrifuge tube gently, and suspend the sediment;
1.12.4℃,8,000g,离心5min,小心弃上清,用吸水纸吸干;1. Centrifuge at 8,000g for 5 minutes at 12.4°C, discard the supernatant carefully, and blot dry with absorbent paper;
1.13.在室温,超净台内干燥沉淀5-10min;1.13. At room temperature, dry the sediment in the ultra-clean bench for 5-10 minutes;
1.14.加入Rnase-free的水完全溶解RNA沉淀后,—70℃保存。1.14. After adding RNase-free water to completely dissolve the RNA precipitate, store at -70°C.
总RNA鉴定:按实施例3方法进行RNA浓度测定和RNA的完整性检测。Identification of total RNA: RNA concentration determination and RNA integrity detection were carried out according to the method in Example 3.
2.反转录法标记探针2. Labeling probes by reverse transcription
取20μg总RNA(按照美国Invitrogen公司第一链合成试剂盒说明书进行操作)进行反应,反应步骤如下:Take 20 μg of total RNA (operated according to the instructions of the first-strand synthesis kit from Invitrogen, USA) for reaction, and the reaction steps are as follows:
2.1.1.5mlRNase-free离心管中加入以下成分:2.1.1.5ml RNase-free centrifuge tube add the following components:
mRNA 20μgmRNA 20μg
2.2.将微量离心管置于热循环仪内,68℃孵育10分钟后,迅速取出置于冰上冷却5分钟,离心轻甩;2.2. Place the microcentrifuge tube in a thermal cycler, incubate at 68°C for 10 minutes, then quickly take it out and cool it on ice for 5 minutes, then centrifuge gently;
2.3.在暗室中向管中分别加入下列成分:2.3. Add the following components to the tube in a dark room:
混匀并短暂离心后,置于42℃孵育2分钟;After mixing and centrifuging briefly, incubate at 42°C for 2 minutes;
2.4.向管中加入1μl的反转录酶(200u/μl),混匀后仍置于42℃避光孵育2小时;2.4. Add 1 μl of reverse transcriptase (200u/μl) to the tube, mix well and incubate at 42°C in the dark for 2 hours;
孵育68℃,15min; Incubate at 68°C for 15 minutes;
2.6.冷却至室温,加入25μl 1M HEPES,以中和NaOH;2.6. Cool to room temperature, add 25μl 1M HEPES to neutralize NaOH;
两反应液混合(用于同一张芯片杂交的Cy3标记物和Cy5标记物);Mix the two reaction solutions (Cy3 marker and Cy5 marker for hybridization on the same chip);
2.7.补水至500μl,用酚:氯仿:异戊醇(25:24:1)提取液抽提一次;10000r/min,离心5min,取上液;2.7. Replenish water to 500 μl, extract once with phenol:chloroform:isoamyl alcohol (25:24:1) extract; centrifuge at 10000r/min for 5min, and take the supernatant;
2.8.加入YM-30室温下,12000r/min离心8min纯化探针,使终体积为4μl;2.8. Add YM-30 at room temperature and centrifuge at 12000r/min for 8min to purify the probe, so that the final volume is 4μl;
2.9.加入4.5μl 2M乙醇胺室温作用15min,终止偶联。对偶联荧光素的产物进行回收纯化,并浓缩干燥。2.9. Add 4.5 μl 2M ethanolamine to react at room temperature for 15 minutes to terminate the coupling. The product coupled with fluorescein was recovered, purified, concentrated and dried.
cDNA的鉴定及浓度测定Identification and concentration determination of cDNA
取1ul反转录产物于1%琼脂糖凝胶上进行电泳,估计产物大小判断探针质量。取1μl稀释至100μl,用紫外分光光度计测其光密度OD260、OD280值,测定所得cDNA的浓度和荧光掺入率。cDNA的浓度:50ng/μl。Take 1ul of the reverse transcription product and perform electrophoresis on a 1% agarose gel, and estimate the size of the product to determine the quality of the probe. Take 1 μl and dilute it to 100 μl, measure its optical density OD260 and OD280 values with a UV spectrophotometer, and measure the concentration and fluorescence incorporation rate of the obtained cDNA. Concentration of cDNA: 50 ng/μl.
三、芯片杂交与清洗3. Chip hybridization and cleaning
1.杂交方式1. Hybridization method
1.1.选用同一肺鳞癌病人的癌和癌旁组织,同一肺腺癌病人的癌和癌旁组织,分别与该芯片进行杂交,进一步验证初步筛选出来的基因表达的差异性;1.1. The cancer and para-cancerous tissues of the same lung squamous cell carcinoma patient, and the cancerous and para-cancerous tissues of the same lung adenocarcinoma patient were selected to hybridize with the chip to further verify the differences in the expression of the genes initially screened;
1.2.随机选取8例鳞癌病人的癌组织分别与该芯片杂交,检查不同鳞癌病人间的一致性及内部存在差异基因;随机选取7例腺癌病人的癌组织分别与该芯片杂交,检查不同腺癌间的一致性及内部存在的差异基因;1.2. The cancer tissues of 8 squamous cell carcinoma patients were randomly selected to hybridize with the chip, and the consistency among different squamous cell carcinoma patients and the existence of differential genes were checked; the cancer tissues of 7 adenocarcinoma patients were randomly selected to hybridize with the chip, and the Consistency among different adenocarcinomas and differential genes in them;
1.3.其中6例肺癌病人(2例腺癌、4例鳞癌)的癌旁组织分别与该芯片杂交;1.3. Paracancerous tissues of 6 lung cancer patients (2 adenocarcinoma, 4 squamous cell carcinoma) were hybridized with the chip;
2.杂交2. Hybridization
2.1.按实施例3方法配制杂交液。2.1. Prepare the hybridization solution according to the method in Example 3.
2.2.12μl的杂交体系加到芯片上,混匀95℃变性3min,13000rpm离心5min,将杂交液加到芯片上42℃温育16小时以上。2.2. Add 12 μl of hybridization system to the chip, mix and denature at 95°C for 3 minutes, centrifuge at 13,000 rpm for 5 minutes, add the hybridization solution to the chip and incubate at 42°C for more than 16 hours.
3.清洗杂交后,使用洗液A(2×SSC,0.1%SDS)洗涤2次、各5min,洗液B(0.2×SSC,0.1%SDS)洗涤2次、各5min,洗液C(0.2×SSC)洗涤2次、各5min,将芯片离心,吹干。3. After washing the hybridization, use washing solution A (2×SSC, 0.1% SDS) to wash twice for 5 minutes each, wash solution B (0.2×SSC, 0.1% SDS) twice for 5 minutes each, wash solution C (0.2 ×SSC) and washed twice for 5 min each, the chip was centrifuged and dried.
四、荧光信号检测和结果分析4. Fluorescent signal detection and result analysis
1.信号检测1. Signal detection
将经严格洗片后的杂交芯置于激光共聚焦荧光扫描仪ScanArray3000(GeneralScanning Int.)上,分别用Cy3和Cy5的光线进行扫描,调整光的扫描强度,过滤背景噪声,使结果达到最佳,获得荧光信号图像。用预先选定的内参照对Cy3/Cy5的原始信号进行均衡和修正。Place the hybridized core after rigorous washing on ScanArray3000 (General Scanning Int.), scan with Cy3 and Cy5 light respectively, adjust the scanning intensity of light, and filter background noise to achieve the best results , to obtain images of fluorescent signals. The Cy3/Cy5 raw signal was equalized and corrected with a pre-selected internal reference.
2.结果分析2. Result Analysis
用Genepix 5.1软件对图像进行处理,分析Cy3和Cy5两种荧光信号的强度和比值,获得两种组织中差异表达的基因信息。用以下条件作为差异表达的标准:(1)Cy5/Cy3的自然对数的绝对值>0.69(Cy3和Cy5信号相差两倍以上);(2)Cy3/Cy5的信号灰度值,比其背景值必须大于2倍。Cy5/Cy3比值<0.5为表达下调,比值>2.0为表达上调。同时MADS软件对15例肺癌和其中6例肺癌病人(2例腺癌、4例鳞癌)的癌旁组织基因表达谱进行非监督聚类分析。The images were processed with Genepix 5.1 software, and the intensity and ratio of Cy3 and Cy5 fluorescence signals were analyzed to obtain the information of differentially expressed genes in the two tissues. The following conditions are used as the standard of differential expression: (1) the absolute value of the natural logarithm of Cy5/Cy3>0.69 (the signal difference between Cy3 and Cy5 is more than twice); (2) the signal gray value of Cy3/Cy5, compared with its background The value must be greater than 2 times. Cy5/Cy3 ratio<0.5 means down-regulated expression, and ratio>2.0 means up-regulated expression. At the same time, MADS software performed unsupervised clustering analysis on the gene expression profiles of paracancerous tissues of 15 cases of lung cancer and 6 of them (2 cases of adenocarcinoma, 4 cases of squamous cell carcinoma).
五.结果Five. Results
1.组织总RNA的提取1. Extraction of total tissue RNA
病理组织的RNA经电泳进行了完整性鉴定,图4、图4.1、图4.2所示部分样本RNA电泳结果,可以看出大部分RNA都具有较好的完整性。The integrity of the RNA of the pathological tissue was identified by electrophoresis. The RNA electrophoresis results of some samples shown in Figure 4, Figure 4.1, and Figure 4.2 show that most of the RNA has good integrity.
2.表达芯片杂交结果2. Expression chip hybridization results
2.1.同一肺鳞癌病人癌组织和其癌旁组织、同一肺腺癌病人癌组织和其癌旁组织与该芯片进行杂交(见图5)。由于Cy3荧光信号和Cy5荧光信号分别以绿色和红色表示。因此,对于某一点的两种叠加荧光信号,如果Cy3信号较强,该点多显绿色(呈下调趋势)代表该基因在癌组织中高表达,而在癌旁组织中低表达;如果Cy5信号较强,该点多显红色(呈上调趋势)代表该基因在癌组织中低表达,而在癌旁组织中高表达;如果强度相似,即显示黄色。该图反映了芯片上每条基因在癌组织和癌旁组织中表达丰度的差异。2.1. The same lung squamous cell carcinoma patient's cancer tissue and its adjacent tissue, and the same lung adenocarcinoma patient's cancer tissue and its adjacent tissue were hybridized with the chip (see Figure 5). Signals due to Cy3 fluorescence and Cy5 fluorescence are indicated in green and red, respectively. Therefore, for the two superimposed fluorescent signals at a certain point, if the Cy3 signal is stronger, the point is more green (showing a down-regulation trend), indicating that the gene is highly expressed in cancer tissue and low in paracancerous tissue; if the Cy5 signal is stronger Strong, the point is mostly red (up-regulation trend), which means that the gene is lowly expressed in cancer tissue, but highly expressed in non-cancerous tissue; if the intensity is similar, it is yellow. This figure reflects the difference in the abundance of each gene on the chip between cancer tissue and para-cancer tissue.
2.2.基因芯片杂交信号散点图如图7所示。X轴以Cy3荧光强度值为坐标,Y轴以Cy5荧光强度值为坐标,每一个数据点代表芯片上一个基因点的杂交信号。45℃对角线是基因表达稳定不变的区域,代表Y与X的比值在0.5~2.0之间,基本属非差异表达。远离这条线的点代表Y值与X值的比值在0.5~2.0范围之外,说明在表达芯片上的信号差异表达量大于2倍(很可能是有表达差异的数据)。2.2. The scatter diagram of the hybridization signal of the gene chip is shown in Fig. 7 . The X-axis coordinates with Cy3 fluorescence intensity, the Y-axis coordinates with Cy5 fluorescence intensity, and each data point represents the hybridization signal of a gene point on the chip. The diagonal line at 45°C is the area where the gene expression is stable, which means that the ratio of Y to X is between 0.5 and 2.0, which basically belongs to non-differential expression. Points away from this line represent that the ratio of Y value to X value is outside the range of 0.5 to 2.0, indicating that the differential expression of the signal on the expression chip is greater than 2 times (probably data with differential expression).
2.3.8例鳞癌病人的鳞癌组织分别与该芯片杂交,检查不同鳞癌病人癌组织间的异质性;7例腺癌病人的腺癌组织分别与该芯片杂交,检查不同腺癌病人癌组织间的异质性,见图8、图9杂交结果。2.3. The squamous cell carcinoma tissues of 8 squamous cell carcinoma patients were hybridized with the chip to check the heterogeneity among cancer tissues of different squamous cell carcinoma patients; For the heterogeneity among cancer tissues, see the hybridization results in Figure 8 and Figure 9.
2.4.6例肺癌癌旁组织与芯片杂交结果如图10所示。2.4. The result of hybridization between paracancerous tissue of 6 cases of lung cancer and chip is shown in Fig. 10 .
3.数据分析结果3. Data Analysis Results
3.1.1例鳞癌组织和其癌旁组织与芯片杂交,表达上调的基因有4条,表达下调的基因156条。见表3、4。1例腺癌组织和其癌旁组织杂交,表达上调的基因有23条,表达下调的基因147条。见表5、6。3.1.1 Squamous cell carcinoma tissue and its paracancerous tissue were hybridized with the microarray. There were 4 up-regulated genes and 156 down-regulated genes. See Tables 3 and 4. One case of adenocarcinoma tissue was hybridized with its paracancerous tissue, and 23 genes were up-regulated and 147 genes were down-regulated. See Tables 5 and 6.
3.2.差异表达基因通过GeneBank进行生物信息学分析,主要分为以下几类:①癌基因:wnt4、c-fos;②细胞周期调控基因:SPP1,CDK4;③肿瘤增殖、转移基因:pro-alpha-1type collagen,collagen alpha-2,PAI-1。3.2. Differentially expressed genes were analyzed by bioinformatics through GeneBank, mainly divided into the following categories: ① Oncogenes: wnt4, c-fos; ② Cell cycle regulatory genes: SPP1, CDK4; ③ Tumor proliferation and metastasis genes: pro-alpha -1type collagen, collagen alpha-2, PAI-1.
3.3.非监督聚类方法用于对15例样本、332个基因进行分组,样本以树状形式总体描述,树枝长度反映出样本的相关性,5例肺腺癌和5例肺鳞癌被分在一组,2例中低分化的鳞癌分在一组(见图11,其中X代表腺癌,L代表鳞癌,p代表癌旁组织)。3.3. The unsupervised clustering method was used to group 15 samples and 332 genes. The samples were generally described in a tree form, and the length of the branches reflected the correlation of the samples. 5 cases of lung adenocarcinoma and 5 cases of lung squamous cell carcinoma were classified In one group, 2 cases of poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma were classified into one group (see Figure 11, where X represents adenocarcinoma, L represents squamous cell carcinoma, and p represents paracancerous tissue).
3.4.7例腺癌组织对332个基因表达的一致性在52-92%之间(见表7)。对其两两比较,共获得21个比较组。其中有5组(23%,5/21)之间的相似性在50-60%之间;有9组(42.9%,9/21)之间的相似性在60-70%之间;有4组(19%,4/21)之间的相似性在70-80%之间,有2组(9.5%,2/21)之间的相似性在80-90%之间,有一组(5%,1/21)之间的相似性在90%以上。3.4. The consistency of expression of 332 genes in 7 adenocarcinoma tissues was between 52-92% (see Table 7). For pairwise comparison, a total of 21 comparison groups were obtained. Among them, the similarity between 5 groups (23%, 5/21) is between 50-60%; the similarity between 9 groups (42.9%, 9/21) is between 60-70%; The similarity between 4 groups (19%, 4/21) is between 70-80%, the similarity between 2 groups (9.5%, 2/21) is between 80-90%, and one group ( 5%, 1/21) the similarity between more than 90%.
3.5.8例鳞癌组织对332个基因的一致性在55-97%之间(见表8)。对其两两比较,共获得28个比较组。其中有11组(39%,11/28)之间的相似性在50-60%之间;有8组(28.6%,8/28)之间的相似性在60-70%之间;有3组(10.7%,3/28)之间的相似性在70-80%之间,有4组(14.3%,4/28)之间的相似性在80-90%之间,有2组(7.1%,2/28)之间的相似性在90%以上。3.5. The consistency of 332 genes in 8 cases of squamous cell carcinoma tissues was between 55-97% (see Table 8). For pairwise comparison, a total of 28 comparison groups were obtained. Among them, there are 11 groups (39%, 11/28) whose similarity is between 50-60%; there are 8 groups (28.6%, 8/28) whose similarity is between 60-70%; The similarity between 3 groups (10.7%, 3/28) is between 70-80%, and the similarity between 4 groups (14.3%, 4/28) is between 80-90%, and there are 2 groups The similarity between (7.1%, 2/28) is above 90%.
3.6.7例肺腺癌组织的共有差异基因29个,与鳞癌组相区别的有7个如DCTN2、Stst2、BRCA2、TGFD等;8例肺鳞癌组织的共有差异基因46个,与腺癌组相区别的有24个,如KRT6A、HMGB2、lumican等。肺腺癌组织和肺鳞癌组织对Bax、Myb、EGR1等22个基因都表达。(见表9)3.6.7 cases of lung adenocarcinoma tissues shared 29 differential genes, 7 of which were different from the squamous cell carcinoma group, such as DCTN2, Stst2, BRCA2, TGFD, etc.; 8 cases of lung squamous cell carcinoma tissues shared 46 differential genes, which were different from the adenocarcinoma group. There are 24 different cancer groups, such as KRT6A, HMGB2, lumican and so on. Both lung adenocarcinoma tissue and lung squamous cell carcinoma tissue expressed Bax, Myb, EGR1 and other 22 genes. (See Table 9)
3.7.本实施例15例样本以外,新收集1例肺癌组织与芯片杂交后,与7例肺腺癌的相似性63%,与8例肺鳞癌的相似性49%,最终的病理诊断证实确为肺腺癌。3.7. In addition to the 15 samples in this example, after a newly collected lung cancer tissue was hybridized with the chip, the similarity with 7 cases of lung adenocarcinoma was 63%, and the similarity with 8 cases of lung squamous cell carcinoma was 49%, and the final pathological diagnosis confirmed Indeed lung adenocarcinoma.
表3 肺鳞癌与其癌旁组织比较表达上调的基因Table 3 Up-regulated genes in lung squamous cell carcinoma and its adjacent tissues
表4 肺鳞癌与其癌旁组织比较表达下调的基因(部分)Table 4 The down-regulated genes (partial) in lung squamous cell carcinoma and its adjacent tissues
表5 肺腺癌与其癌旁组织比较表达上调的基因(部分)Table 5. Genes up-regulated in lung adenocarcinoma and its paracancerous tissues (partial)
表6 肺腺癌与其癌旁组织比较表达下调的基因(部分)Table 6 The genes down-regulated in lung adenocarcinoma and its adjacent tissues (partial)
表7 7例腺癌组织相互之间异质性分析结果Table 7 Results of heterogeneity analysis among 7 adenocarcinoma tissues
表8 8例鳞癌组织相互之间异质性分析结果Table 8 Results of heterogeneity analysis among 8 squamous cell carcinoma tissues
表9.腺癌、鳞癌的共有差异基因及二者之间差异基因Table 9. Shared differential genes between adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma and differential genes between them
表1.332条Oligo探针的序列Table 1. Sequences of 332 Oligo probes
本说明书使用了若干英文缩略词。对其中在生物学领域常用的英文缩略词的中文词义注解如下:Several English abbreviations are used in this manual. The Chinese meanings of English abbreviations commonly used in the field of biology are as follows:
英文缩写 英文全称 中文词义English Abbreviation Full English Name Chinese Meaning
DNA Deoxyribonucleicacid 脱氧核糖核酸DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid Deoxyribonucleic acid
RNA Ribonucleic acid 核糖核酸RNA Ribonucleic acid Ribonucleic acid
cDNA Complementary DNA 互补脱氧核糖核酸cDNA Complementary DNA Complementary DNA
PBS Phosphate buffered saline 磷酸盐缓冲液PBS Phosphate buffered saline Phosphate buffered saline
SDS Sodium dodecyl sulphate 十二烷基硫酸钠SDS Sodium dodecyl sulphate Sodium dodecyl sulfate
SSC Saline-Sodium Citrate Buffer 氯化钠柠檬酸钠缓冲液SSC Sodium Chloride Sodium Citrate Buffer Saline-Sodium Citrate Buffer
DEPC Dithyl pyrocarbonate 焦碳酸二乙酯DEPC Diethyl pyrocarbonate Diethyl pyrocarbonate
Rnase Ribonuclease 核糖核酸酶RNase Ribonuclease Ribonuclease
DTT Dithiothreitol 二硫苏糖醇DTT Dithiothreitol Dithiothreitol
Tris Trishydroxymethyl aminonethane 三羟甲基氨基甲烷Tris Trishydroxymethyl aminomethane
GTP Guanosine triphosphate 三磷酸鸟苷GTP Guanosine triphosphate Guanosine triphosphate
DMSO Dimothyl sulfoxide 二甲基亚砜DMSO Dimothyl sulfoxide Dimethyl sulfoxide
HEPES hydroxyethyl piperazineethanesulfonic acid 羟乙基哌嗪乙磺酸HEPES hydroxyethyl piperazineethanesulfonic acid hydroxyethylpiperazineethanesulfonic acid
BCS Bovine calf serum 小牛血清BCS Bovine calf serum Bovine calf serum
RPMI1640 Rosewell park memorial institute RPMI1640培养液RPMI1640 Rosewell park memorial institute RPMI1640 culture medium
1640medium
OPC oligonucleotide purification 寡核苷酸纯化试剂盒catri dgeOPC oligonucleotide purification kit catr dge
Bp Base pair 碱基对Bp Base pair Base pair
CV Coefficien to fvariation 变异系数CV Coefficient to fvariation Coefficient of variation
OD Optical density 光密度OD Optical density Optical density
rpm Revolution per minute 每分钟转速rpm Revolution per minute Revolution per minute
肺癌分型基因序列表Lung Cancer Typing Gene Sequence List
序列表sequence listing
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<223>n is a,c,g,or t<223> n is a, c, g, or t
<220><220>
<221>misc_feature<221>misc_feature
<222>(24)..(26)<222>(24)..(26)
<223>n is a,c,g,or t<223> n is a, c, g, or t
<220><220>
<221>misc_feature<221>misc_feature
<222>(28)..(28)<222>(28)..(28)
<223>n is a,c,g,or t<223> n is a, c, g, or t
<220><220>
<221>misc_feature<221>misc_feature
<222>(33)..(33)<222>(33)..(33)
<223>n is a,c,g,or t<223> n is a, c, g, or t
<220><220>
<221>misc_feature<221>misc_feature
<222>(51)..(51)<222>(51)..(51)
<223>n is a,c,g,or t<223> n is a, c, g, or t
<220><220>
<221>misc_feature<221>misc_feature
<222>(60)..(60)<222>(60)..(60)
<223>n is a,c,g,or t<223> n is a, c, g, or t
<400>43<400>43
<210>44<210>44
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>44<400>44
<210>45<210>45
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>45<400>45
<210>46<210>46
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>46<400>46
<210>47<210>47
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>47<400>47
<210>48<210>48
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>48<400>48
<210>49<210>49
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>49<400>49
<210>50<210>50
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>50<400>50
<210>51<210>51
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>51<400>51
<210>52<210>52
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>52<400>52
<210>53<210>53
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>53<400>53
<210>54<210>54
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>54<400>54
<210>55<210>55
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>55<400>55
<210>56<210>56
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>56<400>56
<210>57<210>57
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>57<400>57
<210>58<210>58
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>58<400>58
<210>59<210>59
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>59<400>59
<210>60<210>60
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>60<400>60
<210>61<210>61
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>61<400>61
<210>62<210>62
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>62<400>62
<210>63<210>63
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>63<400>63
<210>64<210>64
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>64<400>64
<210>65<210>65
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>65<400>65
<210>66<210>66
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>66<400>66
<210>67<210>67
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>67<400>67
<210>68<210>68
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>68<400>68
<210>69<210>69
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>69<400>69
<210>70<210>70
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>70<400>70
<210>71<210>71
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>71<400>71
<210>72<210>72
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>72<400>72
<210>73<210>73
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>73<400>73
<210>74<210>74
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>74<400>74
<210>75<210>75
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>75<400>75
<210>76<210>76
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>76<400>76
<210>77<210>77
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>77<400>77
<210>78<210>78
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>78<400>78
<210>79<210>79
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>79<400>79
<210>80<210>80
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>80<400>80
<210>81<210>81
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>81<400>81
<210>82<210>82
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>82<400>82
<210>83<210>83
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>83<400>83
<210>84<210>84
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>84<400>84
<210>85<210>85
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>85<400>85
<210>86<210>86
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>86<400>86
<210>87<210>87
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>87<400>87
<210>88<210>88
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>88<400>88
<210>89<210>89
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>89<400>89
<210>90<210>90
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>90<400>90
<210>91<210>91
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>91<400>91
<210>92<210>92
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>92<400>92
<210>93<210>93
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>93<400>93
<210>94<210>94
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>94<400>94
<210>95<210>95
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>95<400>95
<210>96<210>96
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>96<400>96
<210>97<210>97
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>97<400>97
<210>98<210>98
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>98<400>98
<210>99<210>99
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>99<400>99
<210>100<210>100
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>100<400>100
<210>101<210>101
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>101<400>101
<210>102<210>102
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>102<400>102
<210>103<210>103
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>103<400>103
<210>104<210>104
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>104<400>104
<210>105<210>105
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>105<400>105
<210>106<210>106
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>106<400>106
<210>107<210>107
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>107<400>107
<210>108<210>108
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>108<400>108
<210>109<210>109
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>109<400>109
<210>110<210>110
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>110<400>110
<210>111<210>111
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>111<400>111
<210>112<210>112
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>112<400>112
<210>113<210>113
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>113<400>113
<210>114<210>114
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>114<400>114
<210>115<210>115
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>115<400>115
<210>116<210>116
<211>59<211>59
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>116<400>116
<210>117<210>117
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>117<400>117
<210>118<210>118
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>118<400>118
<210>119<210>119
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>119<400>119
<210>120<210>120
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>120<400>120
<210>121<210>121
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>121<400>121
<210>122<210>122
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>122<400>122
<210>123<210>123
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>123<400>123
<210>124<210>124
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>124<400>124
<210>125<210>125
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>125<400>125
<210>126<210>126
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>126<400>126
<210>127<210>127
<211>60<211>60
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>127<400>127
<210>128<210>128
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>128<400>128
<210>129<210>129
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>129<400>129
<210>130<210>130
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>130<400>130
<210>131<210>131
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>131<400>131
<210>132<210>132
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>132<400>132
<210>133<210>133
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>133<400>133
<210>134<210>134
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>134<400>134
<210>135<210>135
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>135<400>135
<210>136<210>136
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>136<400>136
<210>137<210>137
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>137<400>137
<210>138<210>138
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>138<400>138
<210>139<210>139
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>139<400>139
<210>140<210>140
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>140<400>140
<210>141<210>141
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>141<400>141
<210>142<210>142
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>142<400>142
<210>143<210>143
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>143<400>143
<210>144<210>144
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>144<400>144
<210>145<210>145
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>145<400>145
<210>146<210>146
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>146<400>146
<210>147<210>147
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>147<400>147
<210>148<210>148
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>148<400>148
<210>149<210>149
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>149<400>149
<210>150<210>150
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>150<400>150
<210>151<210>151
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>151<400>151
<210>152<210>152
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>152<400>152
<210>153<210>153
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>153<400>153
<210>154<210>154
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>154<400>154
<210>155<210>155
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>155<400>155
<210>156<210>156
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>156<400>156
<210>157<210>157
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>157<400>157
<210>158<210>158
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>158<400>158
<210>159<210>159
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>159<400>159
<210>160<210>160
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>160<400>160
<210>161<210>161
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>161<400>161
<210>162<210>162
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>162<400>162
<210>163<210>163
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>163<400>163
<210>164<210>164
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>164<400>164
<210>165<210>165
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>165<400>165
<210>166<210>166
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>166<400>166
<210>167<210>167
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>167<400>167
<210>168<210>168
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>168<400>168
<210>169<210>169
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>169<400>169
<210>170<210>170
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>170<400>170
<210>171<210>171
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>171<400>171
<210>172<210>172
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>172<400>172
<210>173<210>173
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>173<400>173
<210>174<210>174
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>174<400>174
<210>175<210>175
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>175<400>175
<210>176<210>176
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>176<400>176
<210>177<210>177
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>177<400>177
<210>178<210>178
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>178<400>178
<210>179<210>179
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>179<400>179
<210>180<210>180
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>180<400>180
<210>181<210>181
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>181<400>181
<210>182<210>182
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>182<400>182
<210>183<210>183
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>183<400>183
<210>184<210>184
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>184<400>184
<210>185<210>185
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>185<400>185
<210>186<210>186
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>186<400>186
<210>187<210>187
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>187<400>187
<210>188<210>188
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>188<400>188
<210>189<210>189
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>189<400>189
<210>190<210>190
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>190<400>190
<210>191<210>191
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>191<400>191
<210>192<210>192
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>192<400>192
<210>193<210>193
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>193<400>193
<210>194<210>194
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>194<400>194
<210>195<210>195
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>195<400>195
<210>196<210>196
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>196<400>196
<210>197<210>197
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>197<400>197
<210>198<210>198
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>198<400>198
<210>199<210>199
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>199<400>199
<210>200<210>200
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>200<400>200
<210>201<210>201
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>201<400>201
<210>202<210>202
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>202<400>202
<210>203<210>203
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>203<400>203
<210>204<210>204
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>204<400>204
<210>205<210>205
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>205<400>205
<210>206<210>206
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>206<400>206
<210>207<210>207
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>207<400>207
<210>208<210>208
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>208<400>208
<210>209<210>209
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>209<400>209
<210>210<210>210
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>210<400>210
<210>211<210>211
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>211<400>211
<210>212<210>212
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>212<400>212
<210>213<210>213
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>213<400>213
<210>214<210>214
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>214<400>214
<210>215<210>215
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>215<400>215
<210>216<210>216
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>216<400>216
<210>217<210>217
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>217<400>217
<210>218<210>218
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>218<400>218
<210>219<210>219
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>219<400>219
<210>220<210>220
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>220<400>220
<210>221<210>221
<211>60<211>60
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>221<400>221
<210>222<210>222
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>222<400>222
<210>223<210>223
<211>59<211>59
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>223<400>223
<210>224<210>224
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>224<400>224
<210>225<210>225
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>225<400>225
<210>226<210>226
<211>59<211>59
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>226<400>226
<210>227<210>227
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>227<400>227
<210>228<210>228
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>228<400>228
<210>229<210>229
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>229<400>229
<210>230<210>230
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>230<400>230
<210>231<210>231
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>231<400>231
<210>232<210>232
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>232<400>232
<210>233<210>233
<211>59<211>59
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>233<400>233
<210>234<210>234
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>234<400>234
<210>235<210>235
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>235<400>235
<210>236<210>236
<211>59<211>59
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>236<400>236
<210>237<210>237
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>237<400>237
<210>238<210>238
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>238<400>238
<210>239<210>239
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>239<400>239
<210>240<210>240
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>240<400>240
<210>241<210>241
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>241<400>241
<210>242<210>242
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>242<400>242
<210>243<210>243
<211>56<211>56
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>242<400>242
<210>244<210>244
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<220><220>
<221>misc_feature<221>misc_feature
<222>(10)..(10)<222>(10)..(10)
<223>n is a,c,g,or t<223> n is a, c, g, or t
<220><220>
<221>misc_feature<221>misc_feature
<222>(12)..(12)<222>(12)..(12)
<223>n is a,c,g,or t<223> n is a, c, g, or t
<220><220>
<221>misc_feature<221>misc_feature
<222>(22)..(22)<222>(22)..(22)
<223>n is a,c,g,or t<223> n is a, c, g, or t
<220><220>
<221>misc_feature<221>misc_feature
<222>(32)..(32)<222>(32)..(32)
<223>n is a,c,g,or t<223> n is a, c, g, or t
<220><220>
<221>misc_feature<221>misc_feature
<222>(50)..(50)<222>(50)..(50)
<223>n is a,c,g,or t<223> n is a, c, g, or t
<400>244<400>244
<210>245<210>245
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>245<400>245
<210>246<210>246
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapi ens)<213> Human (Homo sapi ens)
<400>246<400>246
<210>247<210>247
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>247<400>247
<210>248<210>248
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>248<400>248
<210>249<210>249
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<220><220>
<221>modified_base<221>modified_base
<222>(53)..(53)<222>(53)..(53)
<223>q is queuosine<223>q is queuosine
<400>249<400>249
<210>250<210>250
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>250<400>250
<210>251<210>251
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>251<400>251
<210>252<210>252
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>252<400>252
<210>253<210>253
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>253<400>253
<210>254<210>254
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>254<400>254
<210>255<210>255
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>255<400>255
<210>256<210>256
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>256<400>256
<210>257<210>257
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>257<400>257
<210>258<210>258
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>258<400>258
<210>259<210>259
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>259<400>259
<210>260<210>260
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>260<400>260
<210>261<210>261
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>261<400>261
<210>262<210>262
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>262<400>262
<210>263<210>263
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>263<400>263
<210>264<210>264
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>264<400>264
<210>265<210>265
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>265<400>265
<210>266<210>266
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>266<400>266
<210>267<210>267
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>267<400>267
<210>268<210>268
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>268<400>268
<210>269<210>269
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>269<400>269
<210>270<210>270
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>270<400>270
<210>271<210>271
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>271<400>271
<210>272<210>272
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>272<400>272
<210>273<210>273
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>273<400>273
<210>274<210>274
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>274<400>274
<210>275<210>275
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>275<400>275
<210>276<210>276
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapi ens)<213> Human (Homo sapi ens)
<400>276<400>276
<210>277<210>277
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>277<400>277
<210>278<210>278
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>278<400>278
<210>279<210>279
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>279<400>279
<210>280<210>280
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>280<400>280
<210>281<210>281
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>281<400>281
<210>282<210>282
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>282<400>282
<210>283<210>283
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>283<400>283
<210>284<210>284
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>284<400>284
<210>285<210>285
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>285<400>285
<210>286<210>286
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
<213>人类(Homo sapiens)<213> Human (Homo sapiens)
<400>286<400>286
<210>287<210>287
<211>60<211>60
<212>DNA<212>DNA
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Claims (8)
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CNA2008102122084A CN101509035A (en) | 2008-09-05 | 2008-09-05 | Lung cancer parting gene sequence and uses thereof |
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN105154542A (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2015-12-16 | 杭州源清生物科技有限公司 | Group of genes for lung cancer molecular subtyping and application thereof |
CN105223357A (en) * | 2010-09-16 | 2016-01-06 | Cbs生物科学有限公司 | The composition of predicting liver cancer prognosis or kit |
CN107849613A (en) * | 2015-04-14 | 2018-03-27 | 基因中心治疗公司 | Method for lung cancer parting |
CN109682970A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-04-26 | 燕山大学 | Lung cancer tumor marker and its application |
US11041214B2 (en) | 2016-05-17 | 2021-06-22 | Genecentric Therapeutics, Inc. | Methods for subtyping of lung squamous cell carcinoma |
US12139763B2 (en) | 2016-05-17 | 2024-11-12 | Genecentric Therapeutics, Inc. | Methods for subtyping of lung adenocarcinoma |
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2008
- 2008-09-05 CN CNA2008102122084A patent/CN101509035A/en active Pending
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN105223357A (en) * | 2010-09-16 | 2016-01-06 | Cbs生物科学有限公司 | The composition of predicting liver cancer prognosis or kit |
US9963746B2 (en) | 2010-09-16 | 2018-05-08 | Cbs Biosciences, Co., Ltd. | Composition or kit for making a prognosis of liver cancer, and method for making a prognosis of liver cancer |
CN107849613A (en) * | 2015-04-14 | 2018-03-27 | 基因中心治疗公司 | Method for lung cancer parting |
CN105154542A (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2015-12-16 | 杭州源清生物科技有限公司 | Group of genes for lung cancer molecular subtyping and application thereof |
CN105154542B (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2018-04-17 | 杭州源清生物科技有限公司 | One group of gene for being used for lung cancer molecule parting and its application |
US11041214B2 (en) | 2016-05-17 | 2021-06-22 | Genecentric Therapeutics, Inc. | Methods for subtyping of lung squamous cell carcinoma |
US12139763B2 (en) | 2016-05-17 | 2024-11-12 | Genecentric Therapeutics, Inc. | Methods for subtyping of lung adenocarcinoma |
US12139765B2 (en) | 2016-05-17 | 2024-11-12 | Genecentric Therapeutics, Inc. | Methods for subtyping of lung squamous cell carcinoma |
CN109682970A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-04-26 | 燕山大学 | Lung cancer tumor marker and its application |
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