CN101495605B - 润滑剂组合物 - Google Patents
润滑剂组合物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101495605B CN101495605B CN200780028456.7A CN200780028456A CN101495605B CN 101495605 B CN101495605 B CN 101495605B CN 200780028456 A CN200780028456 A CN 200780028456A CN 101495605 B CN101495605 B CN 101495605B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- butyl
- bis
- acid
- methyl
- hindered amine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- -1 amine compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920001973 fluoroelastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 23
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- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 11
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- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 9
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- 229950006389 thiodiglycol Drugs 0.000 description 4
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YXIWHUQXZSMYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-benzothiazole-2-thiol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(S)=NC2=C1 YXIWHUQXZSMYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PMNGNPRHPYYVNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hydroxyundecane-3-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC(CCO)S(O)(=O)=O PMNGNPRHPYYVNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000004202 aminomethyl group Chemical group [H]N([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000003008 phosphonic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
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- ZQMPWXFHAUDENN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis[(2-methylphenyl)amino]ethane Natural products CC1=CC=CC=C1NCCNC1=CC=CC=C1C ZQMPWXFHAUDENN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Diphenylbenzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000005208 1,4-dihydroxybenzenes Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- HECLRDQVFMWTQS-RGOKHQFPSA-N 1755-01-7 Chemical compound C1[C@H]2[C@@H]3CC=C[C@@H]3[C@@H]1C=C2 HECLRDQVFMWTQS-RGOKHQFPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IKEHOXWJQXIQAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 IKEHOXWJQXIQAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BKZXZGWHTRCFPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-butyl-6-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1O BKZXZGWHTRCFPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UWDGDMBEPBPUOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5-ditert-butyl-2-methylbenzene-1,4-diol Chemical compound CC1=C(O)C=C(C(C)(C)C)C(O)=C1C(C)(C)C UWDGDMBEPBPUOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 0 CC1(C)*C(C)(C)*C(COC(*)CO)C1 Chemical compound CC1(C)*C(C)(C)*C(COC(*)CO)C1 0.000 description 2
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- XQVWYOYUZDUNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Phenyl-1-naphthylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC2=CC=CC=C2C=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 XQVWYOYUZDUNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KEQFTVQCIQJIQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Phenyl-2-naphthylamine Chemical compound C=1C=C2C=CC=CC2=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 KEQFTVQCIQJIQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- DKVNPHBNOWQYFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbamodithioic acid Chemical compound NC(S)=S DKVNPHBNOWQYFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
Description
本发明涉及润滑剂组合物,其通过混入某些空间受阻胺稳定剂抗氧化降解而稳定。该润滑剂组合物在密封溶胀方面表现出优异结果。
美国专利5,073,278和5,273,669教导了用某些芳族胺和至少一种空间受阻胺来稳定润滑剂组合物。
美国专利5,268,113公开了通过添加空间受阻胺和酚来稳定润滑剂。
向基于矿物或合成油的润滑剂中添加稳定剂以提高它们的性能特征是已知的。特别重要的是抗氧化剂。由于在发动机的燃烧室内普遍的高温以及除了氧之外的充当氧化催化剂的氮的氧化物的存在,润滑剂的氧化降解尤其是在马达油中起到重要作用。
对于润滑剂而言,受阻胺化合物为有效的稳定剂。但是,由于如密封溶胀等有害作用,通常并不采用它们。
本发明涉及用特殊一类的受阻胺化合物稳定润滑剂组合物。本发明的润滑剂组合物对于密封无腐蚀性。
本发明涉及稳定的润滑剂组合物,其包含
矿物或合成基油(base oil)或者矿物和合成基油的混合物;以及
至少一种下式的空间受阻胺化合物
或者
其中R为7-17个碳原子的直链或支链烷基,且n为6-18的数值。
烷基R为线型或支化的并由例如7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16或17个碳原子组成。
数值n为例如6、8、10、12、14、16或18。
空间受阻胺为已知的并根据本领域已知的方法来制备。例如,本发明的受阻胺为2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-4-醇的脂肪族羧酸的酯例如月桂酸或硬脂酸的酯。
根据一个优选实施方案,本发明涉及组合物,其中存在下式的受阻胺
或
本发明的润滑剂为功能流体(functional fluid),即润滑剂,液压油(hydraulic fluid)或金属加工液。
润滑剂特别为矿物基油(API分类I、II、III类,包括天然气合成(gas to liquid,GTL)油的IV类)或合成基油,如通常用于润滑剂的生产。合成油可以是,例如多元羧酸或多羟基化合物的酯;它们还可以是脂肪族聚酯或聚-α-烯烃、硅氧烷、磷酸酯或聚(亚烷基)二醇。润滑剂还可以是基于油和增稠剂的润滑脂。这样的润滑剂描述于例如D.Klamann的“Schmierstoffe und artverwandte Producte”,Verlag Chemie,Weinheim,1982。
实例为基于矿物油或合成润滑剂的润滑剂和液压油或者液压油,尤其是为羧酸酯的衍生物并且用于200℃及以上温度的那些。
合成润滑剂的实例包括基于二元酸与一羟基醇的二酯的润滑剂,例如癸二酸二辛酯或己二酸二壬酯,三羟甲基丙烷与一价酸或者这类酸的混合物的三酯,例如三羟甲基丙烷三壬酸酯、三羟甲基丙烷三辛酸酯或这些的混合物,季戊四醇与一价酸或这类酸的混合物的四酯,例如四辛酸季戊四醇酯,或者一价和二元酸与多元醇的复合酯,例如三羟甲基丙烷与辛酸和癸二酸或者它们的混合物的复合酯。
除了矿物油之外,特别合适的为,例如聚-α-烯烃,基于酯类,或磷酸酯、二醇、聚乙二醇和聚(亚烷基)二醇以及它们与水的混合物的润滑剂。
本发明的空间受阻胺对于弹性体密封是特别无腐蚀性的。
密封特别指用于O圈和其它商品中的含氟聚合物弹性体。“含氟弹性体”根据ASTM D 1418和ISO 1629的命名归类于例如FKM。含氟弹性体包括六氟丙烯(HFP)和1,1-二氟乙烯(VF2的VDF)的共聚物,四氟乙烯(TFE)、1,1-二氟乙烯和六氟丙烯的三元共聚物,全氟甲基乙烯醚(PMVE),TFE和丙烯的共聚物以及TFE、PMVE和乙烯的共聚物。氟含量例如在约66~约70wt%之间变动。
FKM为在聚合物链上具有取代基氟代和全氟代烷基或全氟代烷氧基基团的聚亚甲基型的氟化橡胶。
因此,本发明的优选目的为稳定的润滑剂组合物,其与含氟弹性体接触并包含
矿物或合成基油或者矿物和合成基油的混合物,以及
至少一种式(I)或式(II)的空间受阻胺化合物,
其中R为7-17个碳原子的直链或支链烷基,且n为6-18的数值。
根据本发明的空间受阻胺以基于润滑剂重量的约0.01~约5wt%,例如约0.05~约3wt%,例如约0.1~约2wt%的量与润滑剂进行混合。
所述润滑剂可以另外包含其它的添加剂,其被加入以进一步提高润滑剂的基本性能;这些添加剂包括抗氧化剂、金属钝化剂、防锈剂、粘度指数改进剂、倾点下降剂、分散剂、洗涤剂、高压添加剂、减摩添加剂和抗磨添加剂。
这些另外的添加剂为例如:
1.抗氧化剂
1.1.烷基化的一元酚,例如2,6-二-叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚,2-叔丁基-4,6-二甲基苯酚,2,6-二叔丁基-4-乙基苯酚,2,6-二叔丁基-4-正丁基苯酚,2,6-二叔丁基-4-异丁基苯酚,2,6-二环戊基-4-甲基苯酚,2-(α-甲基环己基)-4,6-二甲基苯酚,2,6-二十八烷基-4-甲基苯酚,2,4,6-三环己基苯酚,2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲氧基甲基苯酚,2,6-二壬基-4-甲基苯酚,2,4-二甲基-6-(1’-甲基十一烷-1’-基)苯酚,2,4-二甲基-6-(1’-甲基十七烷-1’-基)苯酚,2,4-二甲基-6-(1’-甲基十三烷-1’-基)苯酚及其混合物。
1.2.烷基硫甲基苯酚,例如2,4-二辛基硫甲基-6-叔丁基苯酚,2,4-二辛基硫甲基-6-甲基苯酚,2,4-二辛基硫甲基-6-乙基苯酚,2,6-双十二烷基硫甲基-4-壬基苯酚。
1.3.氢醌和烷基化的氢醌,例如2,6-二-叔丁基-4-甲氧基苯酚,2,5-二-叔丁基氢醌,2,5-二-叔戊基氢醌,2,6-二苯基-4-十八烷氧基苯酚,2,6-二-叔丁基氢醌,2,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟基苯甲醚,3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟基苯甲醚,3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟基苯基硬脂酸酯,二-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)己二酸酯。
1.4.羟基化的硫代二苯醚,例如2,2’-硫代二(6-叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚),2,2’-硫代二(4-辛基苯酚),4,4’-硫代二(6-叔丁基-3-甲基苯酚),4,4’-硫代二(6-叔丁基-2-甲基苯酚),4,4’-硫代二(3,6-二仲戊基苯酚),4,4’-二(2,6-二甲基-4-羟基苯基)二硫化物。
1.5.次烷基双酚,例如2,2’-亚甲基二(6-叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚),2,2’-亚甲基二(6-叔丁基-4-乙基苯酚),2,2’-亚甲基二[4-甲基-6-(α-甲基环己基)苯酚],2,2’-亚甲基二(4-甲基-6-环己基苯酚),2,2’-亚甲基二(6-壬基-4-甲基苯酚),2,2’-亚甲基二(4,6-二叔丁基苯酚),2,2’-亚乙基二(4,6-二叔丁基苯酚),2,2’-亚乙基二(6-叔丁基-4-异丁基苯酚),2,2’-亚甲基二[6-(α-甲基苄基)-4-壬基苯酚],2,2’-亚甲基二[6-(α,α-二甲基苄基)-4-壬基苯酚],4,4’-亚甲基二(2,6-二叔丁基苯酚),4,4’-亚甲基二(6-叔丁基-2-甲基苯酚),1,1-二(5-叔丁基-4-羟基-2-甲基苯基)丁烷,2,6-二(3-叔丁基-5-甲基-2-羟基苄基)-4-甲基苯酚,1,1,3-三(5-叔丁基-4羟基-2-甲基苯基)丁烷,1,1-二(5-叔丁基-4-羟基-2-甲基-苯基)-3-正十二烷基巯基丁烷,二[3,3-二(3’-叔丁基-4’-羟基苯基)丁酸]乙二醇酯,二(3-叔丁基-4-羟基-5-甲基-苯基)二环戊二烯,二[2-(3’-叔丁基-2’-羟基-5’-甲基苄基)-6-叔丁基-4-甲基苯基]对苯二酸酯,1,1-二-(3,5-二甲基-2-羟基苯基)丁烷,2,2-二-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基-苯基)丙烷,2,2-二-(5-叔丁基-4-羟基-2-甲基苯基)-4-正十二烷基巯基丁烷,1,1,5,5-四-(5-叔丁基-4-羟基-2-甲基苯基)戊烷。
1.6.O-,N-和S-苄基化合物,例如3,5,3’,5’-四叔丁基-4,4’-二羟基-二苄基醚,十八烷基-4-羟基-3,5-二甲基苄基巯基乙酸酯,三-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)胺,二(4-叔丁基-3-羟基-2,6-二甲基苄基)二硫代对苯二酸酯,二-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)硫化物,异辛基-3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基巯基乙酸酯。
1.7.羟苄基化的丙二酸酯,例如二-十八烷基-2,2-二-(3,5-二叔丁基-2-羟苄基)-丙二酸酯,二-十八烷基-2-(3-叔丁基-4-羟基-5-甲基苄基)-丙二酸酯,二-十二烷基巯基乙基-2,2-二-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟苄基)丙二酸酯,二[4-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)苯基]-2,2-二(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟苄基)丙二酸酯。
1.8.芳族羟苄基化合物,例如1,3,5-三-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)-2,4,6-三甲基苯,1,4-二(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟苄基)-2,3,5,6-四甲基苯,2,4,6-三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟苄基)苯酚。
1.9.三嗪化合物,例如2,4-二(辛基巯基)-6-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯胺基)-1,3,5-三嗪,2-辛基巯基-4,6-二(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯胺基)-1,3,5-三嗪,2-辛基巯基-4,6-二(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯氧基)-1,3,5-三嗪,2,4,6-三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯氧基)-1,2,3-三嗪,1,3,5-三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟苄基)异氰脲酸酯,1,3,5-三(4-叔丁基-3-羟基-2,6-二甲基苄基)-2,4,6-三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基乙基)-1,3,5-三嗪,1,3,5-三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基丙酰基)-六氢-1,3,5-三嗪,1,3,5-三(3,5-二环己基-4-羟基苄基)异氰脲酸酯。
1.10.苄基膦酸酯,例如二甲基-2,5-二叔丁基-4-羟苄基膦酸酯,二乙基-3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟苄基膦酸酯,二-十八烷基-3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟苄基膦酸酯,二-十八烷基-5-叔丁基-4-羟基-3-甲基苄基膦酸酯,3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟苄基膦酸的单乙酯的钙盐。
1.11.酰氨基苯酚,例如4-羟基月桂酰苯胺(4-hydroxylauranilide),4-羟基硬脂酰苯胺(4-hydroxystearanilide),辛基-N-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)氨基甲酸酯。
1.12.3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸与一元或多元醇的酯,所述醇为例如甲醇、乙醇、十八烷醇、1,6-己二醇、1,9-壬二醇、乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、新戊二醇、硫二甘醇、二甘醇、三甘醇、季戊四醇、三(羟乙基)异氰脲酸酯、N,N’-二(羟乙基)草酰胺、3-硫代十一烷醇(3-thiaundecanol)、3-硫代十五烷醇、三甲基己二醇、三羟甲基丙烷、4-羟甲基-1-磷杂-2,6,7-三噁二环[2.2.2]辛烷。
1.13.β-(5-叔丁基-4-羟基-3-甲基苯基)丙酸与一元或多元醇的酯,所述醇为例如甲醇、乙醇、十八烷醇、1,6-己二醇、1,9-壬二醇、乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、新戊二醇、硫二甘醇、二甘醇、三甘醇、季戊四醇、三(羟乙基)异氰脲酸酯、N,N’-二(羟乙基)草酰胺、3-硫代十一烷醇、3-硫代十五烷醇、三甲基己二醇、三羟甲基丙烷、4-羟甲基-1-磷杂-2,6,7-三噁二环[2.2.2]辛烷。
1.14.13-(3,5-二环己基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸与一元或多元醇的酯,所述醇为例如甲醇、乙醇、十八烷醇、1,6-己二醇、1,9-壬二醇、乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、新戊二醇、硫二甘醇、二甘醇、三甘醇、季戊四醇、三(羟乙基)异氰脲酸酯、N,N’-二(羟乙基)草酰胺、3-硫代十一烷醇、3-硫代十五烷醇、三甲基己二醇、三羟甲基丙烷、4-羟甲基-1-磷杂-2,6,7-三噁二环[2.2.2]辛烷。
1.15.3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基乙酸与一元或多元醇的酯,所述醇为例如甲醇、乙醇、十八烷醇、1,6-己二醇、1,9-壬二醇、乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、新戊二醇、硫二甘醇、二甘醇、三甘醇、季戊四醇、三(羟乙基)异氰脲酸酯、N,N’-二(羟乙基)草酰胺、3-硫代十一烷醇、3-硫代十五烷醇、三甲基己二醇、三羟甲基丙烷、4-羟甲基-1-磷杂-2,6,7-三噁二环[2.2.2]辛烷。
1.16.β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸的酰胺,例如N,N’-二(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基丙酰基)六亚甲基二胺,N,N’-二(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基-苯基丙酰基)三亚甲基二胺,N,N’-二(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基丙酰基)肼。
胺类抗氧化剂:
N,N’-二异丙基-对苯二胺、N,N’-二仲丁基-对苯二胺、N,N’-二(1,4-二甲基戊基)-对苯二胺、N,N’-二(1-乙基-3-甲基戊基)-对苯二胺、N,N’-二(1-甲基庚基)-对苯二胺、N,N’-二环己基-对苯二胺、N,N’-二苯基-对苯二胺、N,N’-二(2-萘基)-对苯二胺、N-异丙基-N’-苯基-对苯二胺、N-(1,3-二甲基-丁基)-N’-苯基-对苯二胺、N-(1-甲基庚基)-N’-苯基-对苯二胺、N-环己基-N’-苯基-对苯二胺、4-(对甲苯氨磺酰)二苯胺、N,N’-二甲基-N,N’-二仲丁基-对苯二胺、二苯胺、N-烯丙基二苯胺、4-异丙氧基二苯胺、N-苯基-1-萘胺、N-苯基-2-萘胺、辛基化二苯胺,例如p,p’-二叔辛基二苯胺、4-正丁基氨基苯酚、4-丁酰氨基苯酚、4-壬酰氨基苯酚、4-月桂酰基氨基苯酚、4-十八烷酰基氨基苯酚、二(4-甲氧基苯基)胺、2,6-二叔丁基-4-二甲氨基甲基苯酚、2,4’-二氨基二苯基甲烷、4,4’-二氨基二苯基甲烷、N,N,N’,N’-四甲基-4,4’-二氨基二苯基甲烷、1,2-二[(2-甲基-苯基)氨基]乙烷、1,2-二(苯基氨基)丙烷、(邻甲苯基)双胍、二[4-(1’,3’-二甲基-丁基)苯基]胺、叔-辛基化N-苯基-1-萘胺、一和二烷基化叔-丁基/叔-辛基二苯胺的混合物、一和二烷基化异丙基/异己基二苯胺的混合物、一和二烷基化叔-丁基二苯胺的混合物、2,3-二氢-3,3-二甲基-4H-1,4-苯并噻嗪、酚噻嗪、N-烯丙基酚噻嗪、N,N,N’,N’-四苯基-1,4-二氨基丁-2-烯、N,N-二(2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-4-基)-六亚甲基二胺、二(2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-4-基)癸二酸酯、2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-4-酮以及2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-4-醇。
其它抗氧化剂的实例:
脂肪族或芳族亚磷酸酯,硫代二丙酸或硫代二乙酸的酯,或者二硫代氨基甲酸或二硫代磷酸的盐,2,2,12,12-四甲基-5,9-二羟基-3,7,11-三硫代十三烷和2,2,15,15-四甲基-5,12-二羟基-3,7,10,14-四硫代十六烷。
金属钝化剂的实例,例如对铜而言,为:
a)苯并三唑及其衍生物,例如4-或5-烷基苯并三唑(例如甲苯并三唑)及其衍生物、4,5,6,7-四氢苯并三唑和5,5’-亚甲基二苯并三唑、苯并三唑或甲苯并三唑的曼尼希碱,例如1-[二(2-乙基己基)氨基甲基]甲苯并三唑和1-[二(2-乙基己基)氨基甲基]苯并三唑,和烷氧基烷基苯并三唑如1-(壬氧基甲基)苯并三唑,1-(1-丁氧基乙基)苯并三唑和1-(1-环己氧基丁基)甲苯并三唑。
b)1,2,4-三唑及其衍生物,例如3-烷基(或芳基)-1,2,4-三唑,和1,2,4-三唑如1-[二(2-乙基己基)氨基甲基]-1,2,4-三唑的曼尼希碱,烷氧基烷基-1,2,4-三唑如1-(1-丁氧基乙基)-1,2,4-三唑,以及酰化3-氨基-1,2,4-三唑。
c)咪唑衍生物,例如4,4’-亚甲基二(2-十一烷基-5-甲基咪唑)和二[(N-甲基)咪唑-2-基]甲醇辛醚。
d)含硫杂环化合物,例如2-巯基苯并噻唑,2,5-二巯基-1,3,4-噻二唑及其衍生物,以及3,5-二[二(2-乙基己基)氨基甲基]-1,3,4-噻二唑啉-2-酮。
e)氨基化合物,例如亚水杨基亚丙基二胺,水杨基氨基胍及其盐。
防锈剂和摩擦改进剂的实例为:
a)有机酸,它们的酯,金属盐,胺盐和酸酐,例如烷基-和链烯基琥珀酸和它们与醇类、二醇或羟基羧酸的偏酯,烷基-和链烯基琥珀酸的部分酰胺(partial amide),4-壬基苯氧基乙酸,烷氧基-和烷氧基乙氧基羧酸如十二烷氧基乙酸,十二烷氧基(乙氧基)乙酸和其胺盐,以及还有N-油酰肌氨酸、脱水山梨糖醇一油酸酯、环烷酸铅、链烯基琥珀酸酐,例如十二碳烯基琥珀酸酐,2-羧甲基-1-十二烷基-3-甲基甘油和其胺盐。
b)含氮化合物,例如:
I.有机和无机酸的脂肪族或脂环族的伯、仲或叔胺和胺盐,例如油溶性羧酸烷基铵,以及1-[N,N-二(2-羟乙基)氨基]-3-(4-壬基苯氧基)丙-2-醇。
II.杂环化合物,例如:取代的咪唑啉和噁唑啉,以及2-十七烷基-1-(2-羟乙基)咪唑啉。
c)含磷化合物,例如:磷酸偏酯或膦酸偏酯的胺盐,以及二烷基二硫代磷酸锌。
d)含钼化合物,如二硫代氨基甲酸钼和其它含硫和含磷衍生物。
e)含硫化合物,例如:二壬基萘磺酸钡,石油磺酸钙,烷基硫代-取代的脂肪族羧酸,脂肪族2-硫代羧酸及其盐。
f)甘油衍生物,例如甘油单油酸酯,1-(烷基苯氧基)-3-(2-羟乙基)甘油,1-(烷基苯氧基)-3-(2,3-二羟基丙基)甘油和2-羧基烷基-1,3-二烷基甘油。
粘度指数改进剂的实例为:
聚丙烯酸酯、聚甲基丙烯酸酯、乙烯基吡咯烷酮/甲基丙烯酸共聚物、聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮、聚丁烯、烯烃共聚物、苯乙烯/丙烯酸共聚物和聚醚。
倾点下降剂的实例为:
聚甲基丙烯酸和烷基化萘衍生物。
分散剂/表面活性剂的实例为:
聚丁烯琥珀酰胺(polybutenylsuccinic amides)或聚丁烯琥珀酰亚胺、聚丁烯基膦酸衍生物和碱性镁、钙和钡的磺酸盐以及酚盐。
抗磨添加剂的实例为:
含硫和/或含磷和/或含卤素化合物,例如硫化烯烃和植物油,二烷基二硫代磷酸锌,磷酸烷基化三苯酯,磷酸三甲酚酯,磷酸三甲苯酯,氯化石蜡,烷基和芳基二和三硫化物,磷酸单-和二烷基酯的胺盐、甲基膦酸的胺盐,二乙醇氨基甲基甲苯基三唑,二(2-乙基己基)氨基甲基甲苯基三唑,2,5-二巯基-1,3,4-噻二唑的衍生物,3-[(二异丙氧基膦基亚硫酰(thioyl))硫代]丙酸乙酯,三苯基硫代磷酸酯(三苯基硫代磷酸酯(phosphorothioate)),三(烷基苯基)硫代磷酸酯和其混合物(例如三(异壬基苯基)硫代磷酸酯),二苯基单壬基苯基硫代磷酸酯,异丁基苯基二苯基硫代磷酸酯,3-羟基-1,3-thiaphosphetane 3-氧化物的十二烷基胺盐,三硫代磷酸5,5,5-三[2-乙酸异辛酯],2-巯基苯并噻唑的衍生物如1-[N,N-二(2-乙基己基)氨基甲基]-2-巯基-1H-1,3-苯并噻唑,以及乙氧基羰基-5-辛基二硫代氨基甲酸酯。
下面的实施例详细说明本发明。份数和百分比都是按重量计,除非另有说明。
实施例
通过下面的实施例来说明所要求保护的空间受阻胺相比于其它类似的空间受阻胺添加剂的优越性。给含0.08%P的5W-30机油补充足量空间受阻胺添加剂以提高总碱值,所述碱值通过二个装置由ASTM D4739来测定。以1.0wt%的处理水平加入胺添加剂A并以1.2%的处理水平加入胺添加剂B。在60℃搅拌油1小时以确保均一性。根据弹性体相容性程序CEC-L-39-T-96测试配方。这些配方与FKM氟化橡胶的CEC-L-39-T-96测试的结果如下。两种胺都影响橡胶弹性体。
胺A对拉伸强度和破裂伸长率影响的量级使得其相对于如ACEA规格完全不适合使用。胺B对于氟化橡胶的影响要小得多-表明其适用于机油。
胺A为
胺B为
Claims (6)
2.根据权利要求1的组合物,其中R为11或17个碳原子的直链或支链烷基。
4.根据权利要求1的组合物,其中受阻胺以基于所述润滑剂的重量0.05~3wt%存在。
5.根据权利要求1的组合物,其中受阻胺以基于所述润滑剂的重量0.1~2wt%存在。
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US8236205B1 (en) | 2011-03-11 | 2012-08-07 | Wincom, Inc. | Corrosion inhibitor compositions comprising tetrahydrobenzotriazoles and other triazoles and methods for using same |
US8236204B1 (en) | 2011-03-11 | 2012-08-07 | Wincom, Inc. | Corrosion inhibitor compositions comprising tetrahydrobenzotriazoles solubilized in activating solvents and methods for using same |
US9969950B2 (en) | 2012-07-17 | 2018-05-15 | Infineum International Limited | Lubricating oil compositions containing sterically hindered amines as ashless TBN sourcces |
CA2881704A1 (en) * | 2012-08-14 | 2014-02-20 | Basf Se | Lubricant composition comprising acyclic hindered amines |
MX2015004548A (es) * | 2012-10-12 | 2015-07-17 | Basf Se | Composiciones de lubricante que comprenden boroxinas y compuestos de amina para mejorar la compatibilidad de sellos de fluoropolimero. |
AU2013344536A1 (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2015-06-04 | Basf Se | Lubricant compositions comprising epoxide compounds to improve fluoropolymer seal compatibility |
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US10066186B2 (en) | 2013-04-22 | 2018-09-04 | Basf Se | Lubricating oil compositions containing a halide seal compatibility additive and a second seal compatibility additive |
JP6293265B2 (ja) * | 2013-04-22 | 2018-03-14 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピアBasf Se | 潤滑剤組成物のフルオロポリマーシール適合性を改善させるためのシール適合性添加剤 |
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