CN101475701B - Bubble assisted method for fast stripping plastic-aluminum composite material - Google Patents
Bubble assisted method for fast stripping plastic-aluminum composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN101475701B CN101475701B CN200910095706XA CN200910095706A CN101475701B CN 101475701 B CN101475701 B CN 101475701B CN 200910095706X A CN200910095706X A CN 200910095706XA CN 200910095706 A CN200910095706 A CN 200910095706A CN 101475701 B CN101475701 B CN 101475701B
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 135
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 135
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 91
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 phosphate ester salt Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000005030 aluminium foil Substances 0.000 description 45
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 21
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000011091 composite packaging material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000006059 cover glass Substances 0.000 description 5
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- RRLOOYQHUHGIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;ethyl sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].CCOS([O-])(=O)=O RRLOOYQHUHGIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000274 adsorptive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- CYEJMVLDXAUOPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-dodecylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O CYEJMVLDXAUOPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001435619 Lile Species 0.000 description 1
- 101100150045 Neurospora crassa (strain ATCC 24698 / 74-OR23-1A / CBS 708.71 / DSM 1257 / FGSC 987) spe-3 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000551 dentifrice Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005826 halohydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005226 mechanical processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen(.) Chemical compound [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013502 plastic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002522 swelling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012976 tarts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000606 toothpaste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940034610 toothpaste Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/141—Feedstock
- Y02P20/143—Feedstock the feedstock being recycled material, e.g. plastics
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
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- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for bubble-aided quick peeling off of aluminum plastic composite materials. The method comprises: crushing the aluminum plastic composite material into pieces and placing the pieces in a separating agent; introducing gas into every liter of the separating agent at a flow speed of 50 to 500ml/min and heating to 80 to 90 DEG C; keeping the temperature for 10 to 40min to completely separate aluminum from plastic; then, respectively obtaining aluminum and plastic through filtration, floatation separation and drying; the gas is inert relative to the separating agent; and the separating agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 10 to 99.9 percent of organic carboxylic acid, 0.1 to 1 percent of surfactant and the balance being water. The method does not need special equipment and has simple operation and low cost; therefore, the method is propitious to industrial production and can realize respective reclaiming of aluminum and plastic, thereby not only improving the recycling value of the aluminum plastic composite material, but also reducing environmental pollution caused by wastes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the separation method of aluminium plastic composite material, be specifically related to utilize chemical process and the auxiliary acting in conjunction of bubble to come the reactive force between aluminium foil and plastics in the rapid damage aluminium plastic composite material, realize the method that aluminium foil and plastics are peeled off automatically, belong to the environmental protection field.
Background technology
Aluminium plastic composite packaging material is aluminium foil and plastics by hot pressing or the matrix material with multilayered structure that is bonded.This matrix material had both utilized aluminium foil quality softness, and ductility is good, was convenient to processing, good barrier property, and characteristics such as light and beautiful have also utilized plastics easily to process, acid-alkali-corrosive-resisting, the characteristics that intensity is good.Aluminium plastic composite packaging material has resistance light, constant temperature, non-toxic and safe and characteristics with low cost, especially is fit to make composite soft packaging and packing lining, is widely used in the packing of commodity such as food, medicine, chemical and daily necessities.Aluminium plastic composite packaging material mainly comprises: aluminium-plastic composite paper, plastic-aluminum combined jar of material, plastic-aluminum combined mantle, plastic-aluminum combined hose packing material and plastic-aluminum combined Blister Package material etc., such as Lile packaging series, dentifrice tube packing etc., all be typical aluminium plastic composite packaging material.
Can understand the service condition of aluminium plastic composite packaging material from the consumption data of aluminium foil.According to European foil industry association statistics, the aluminium foil of Europe 70% or more is applied to all kinds of packing articles,, consumes at Japanese Packaging Aluminum Foil and to account for 70% up to 75% at this ratio of the U.S..And China has become the 3rd packing big country that is only second to the U.S. and Japan, and along with the fast development of China's packaging industry, aluminium foil has also been realized increasing rapidly in the application of packaging field.China's Packaging Aluminum Foil consumption is about 110,000 tons/year at present, wherein the cigarette package aluminium foil is about 3.8 ten thousand tons, about 20,000 tons of used for packing foods aluminium foil, about 9000 tons of milk preparation Packaging Aluminum Foil, about 5000 tons of daily use chemicals product Packaging Aluminum Foil, about 10,000 tons of other Packaging Aluminum Foil.China's aluminium foil compares very big gap in addition in the application rate of packing business with developed country, there is the toothpaste more than 90% to adopt plastic-aluminum combined hose packing as developed country such as American-European-Japanese, and present China's ratio less than 5% also of adopting this packing, therefore, the aluminium foil consumption of China also has very big potentiality, this also provides chance for aluminium foil packing in the fast development of Chinese market, be the fastest market of global evolution at present, according to statistics, to Eleventh Five-Year Plan latter stage, China's Packaging Aluminum Foil annual requirement will reach about 250,000 tons, will be 1.3 times of present Packaging Aluminum Foil consumption.In all aluminium plastic composite packaging materials, aluminium foil only accounts for 20% of aluminium plastic composite material weight, calculates like this, is about 550,000 tons at present, to the Eleventh Five-Year Plan end of term, will reach 1,250,000 tons.As seen, aluminium plastic composite packaging material is widely used, usage quantity is very big.
The fast development of aluminium plastic composite packaging material has also brought huge environmental issue, promptly can produce the huge waste of quantity, if deal with improperly, can bring huge pressure to environment protection.Because aluminium foil and plastics is incompatible, the depleted aluminium plastic composite packaging material mixes and is worth without any recycling, must separate aluminium foil and plastics and obtain aluminium foil and plastics, so just has higher recovery value, especially aluminium foil, its price height, the source of goods are few, if can effective recycling, must bring considerable economic, also eliminate the matrix material waste simultaneously because can not recycle the pollution of environment.Therefore, the recycling of aluminium plastic composite packaging material has crucial economic benefit and social benefit, and this also becomes the focus of research.
In the world, existing research institution has carried out the recycling of aluminium plastic composite material, has developed relevant technology and treatment process.(Proc.SPE 3 for Muther C., Separation of laminates usingResult technology for Muther
RdAnn.Recycling Conf., Chicago, IL, 1996:37) designed a kind of treatment process, at in exsiccant technology, matrix material being laminated with mechanical process, laminate product simply ground to obtain usual mix product, the very difficult aluminium of isolating single component from matrix material approaches the problem with plastics, propose to obtain the distribution that stabilized single phase is formed with the high speed rotating laminate product, its principle be aluminium plastic composite material quicken and custom-designed machine in during eddy generation the behavior difference and separated, according to this principle, Austrian ResultTechnology AG company has designed corresponding commercial treatment system.For this system, need the high speed accelerator to produce very strong eddy current and very high acceleration, very high to equipment requirements, separation costs is also high, but for the matrix material that tack coat is arranged, separation degree is not high.The Brazilian Alcoa Aluminio S A of branch office and the Tetra pak company of Aluminum Company of America (Alcoa), Klabin company and TSLEngenharia Ambiental company cooperate (Alcoa, Tetra Pak, Klabin and TSLEngenharia Ambiental, Chemical Engineering Progress, 2005,101 (7): 13), developed a cover plastic-aluminum recovery system, utilize electric energy to produce one plasma jet at 15000 ℃, make the mixture heating up of aluminium and plastics, plastics are recycled into lower-molecular substance by the degree of depth and are converted into paraffin, and aluminium then reclaims with the form of high-purity aluminium ingot, and this Technology Need produces high-temperature plasma, to the equipment requirements height, investment running cost is very high, simultaneously plastics is changed into paraffin, is actually and has reduced recovery value.
Than external research, domestic research is more, has a large amount of patents and technical literature to exist, and this may utilize in a large number with China, and to reclaim plastics relevant, also with to exist huge waste and old material to disassemble enterprise relevant with the personnel of related industries production and research of being engaged in.Summary is got up, and is domesticly mainly containing two kinds of methods aspect the aluminium plastic composite material separating: i.e. physical method and chemical process.
Physical method comprises two kinds of methods, the one, the physics electrostatic methods, aluminium plastic composite material is pulverized, pass through abrasive dust mechanical mill again, separate at following aluminium of the effect of frictional force and plastics, to grind again after good material through electrostatic separator repeatedly sorting separate plastics and aluminium, this method generally can only be separated al-plastics composite pipe, shortcoming is that requirement is pulverized matrix material very carefully, expends a large amount of electric energy, and uneconomical, secondly separating effect is not good yet, the prerequisite of separating plastics and aluminium by the method for electric field is that aluminium and plastics can not be sticked together, and for aluminium plastic composite packaging material, this method lost efficacy; The 2nd, the method that adopts organic solvent to soak, be to mention respectively in the Chinese patent application of CN1066413A and CN1718408A with an organic solvent separating aluminum plastic film as publication number, centrifugation then, this separation method is owing to use the organic solvent of high density, and plastic layer is very big to the adsorptive capacity of solvent, even if pass through centrigugal swing dryer, still have 30% adsorptive capacity nearly, therefore separation costs is too high, and has only neat solvent, segregation rate is very slow, nor be that any organic solvent is all effective, also must be suitable solvent, and seek appropriate organic solvent also and be not easy, in order to raise the efficiency, publication number be the CN1559704A Chinese patent application in an organic solvent, can add certain tensio-active agent, do not use which kind of tensio-active agent but indicate in the patent, this method is used the organic solvent of a large amount of high densitys, can bring environmental pollution problems.
Chemical process is by certain chemical solvents, realizes separating of aluminium and plastics on the basis of infiltration and reaction, and this is the method for studying at most.Here mainly contain: the one, be described in the CN1337280A Chinese patent application as publication number, utilize metallic aluminium and aluminum oxide all to be dissolvable in water the principle of acid or alkali, the method that use acid is molten or alkali is molten is the al dissolution in the material, thereby recovery plastics, and then aluminum bearing waste made polymerize aluminum chloride or Tai-Ace S 150, this method can not obtain aluminium foil, reduce the value that reclaims, and seldom use this method to carry out the separation of aluminium plastic composite material; The 2nd, utilize acidic substance to infiltrate through plastic layer; make the interface (aluminum oxide) between plastics and aluminium dissolve earlier; add certain oxygenant again; protection aluminium; thereby can obtain the aluminium foil and the plastics of a part; select the strongly-acid material in the method for use; as publication number is to select nitric acid for use in the CN1401443A Chinese patent application; at publication number is to have selected sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid etc. in the CN101054446A Chinese patent application for use; the plastic-aluminum Separation Research (Gu Guohua, Zhang Bo, the mining metallurgical engineering that contain the aluminium plastic waste at document; 27 (5): 47-50; 2007) selected hydrochloric acid in for use, selected for use in the method for strong acid, because acidity is too strong at these; aluminium foil can fall with acid-respons and make the rate of recovery of aluminium become very low, also can reduce the economy of recovery.At publication number is to propose to select for use acid lower slightly acetic acid aqueous solution to be used as separating agent in the CN1903965A Chinese patent application, and this method velocity of separation under the lower concentration acetic acid aqueous solution is very slow, and separation efficiency is low, and the acetic acid solution of selecting high density for use is the separation costs height then.
Take a broad view of aforementioned existing separation method, exist to be separated into the shortcoming that power is low, separation costs is high, the aluminium foil rate of recovery is low and velocity of separation is slow.In addition, most separation method has all been ignored a problem, be bounding force between aluminium foil and plastic layer destroyed after, in fact do not peel away, but be superimposed together, owing to there is separating agent, therefore still have certain reactive force in the middle of them, aluminium foil still is in the same place with plastics when putting into water and carrying out flotation separation, does not in fact finish peeling off between aluminium foil and plastics.Therefore, separate, still need to study the separation method of novel efficient fast and low-cost, aluminium foil and plastic layer can not be superimposed together, realize peeling off automatically for plastic-aluminum.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides the method for the auxiliary fast stripping plastic-aluminum composite material of a kind of bubble, when soaking aluminium plastic composite material with the chemical separation agent, feed the gas of certain flow, gas is infiltrated between aluminium and plastics, and in interlayer one-tenth bubble, bubbling, thereby quicken separating of aluminium and plastics, realize peeling off automatically of aluminium foil and plastics.This method is easy to operate, and cost is low, has realized the recovery respectively of aluminium and plastics, and rate of recovery height.
The method of the auxiliary fast stripping plastic-aluminum composite material of a kind of bubble, comprise: aluminium plastic composite material is ground into fragment, place separating agent, (flow velocity of preferred 100ml/min～400ml/min) feeds gas with 50ml/min～500ml/min in every liter of separating agent, be warming up to 80～90 ℃, insulation 10～40min makes aluminium separate fully with plastics, more after filtration, flotation separation, drying obtain aluminium and plastics respectively; Described gas becomes inertia with respect to described separating agent.
Described separating agent is made up of following components in weight percentage: organic carboxyl acid 10%～99.9%, and tensio-active agent 0.1%～1%, surplus is a water.
Wherein organic carboxyl acid is the compound with general structure RCOOH, and R is C in the formula
1～C
10Alkyl, C
3～C
10Cycloalkyl or C
6～C
10Aromatic base, preferred C
1～C
10Straight chained alkyl, more preferably C
1～C
4Straight chained alkyl, as formic acid, acetate etc., wherein best with acetate (being acetic acid) effect.
Because conventional organic solvent, as halohydrocarbon, alkane, aromatic hydrocarbons etc., though porous passes through plastic layer, therefore but it can only produce the effect of physics swelling to plastic layer, but without any effect, can only rely on organic solvent that the physics swelling of plastics is used for destroying interaction force between plastics and aluminium foil to aluminium foil, this destructive efficient is lower, isolating success ratio is low, and speed is slow, can not be as effective separating agent component.Therefore, should consider that both porous again can be to the separating agent component of aluminium foil generation effect by plastic layer.
The analysis found that aluminium is a kind of active metal, be subjected to the corrosion of acid easily, so acid mass-energy is to its generation effect, the surface of aluminium foil is the aluminum oxide of one deck thin layer, also is subjected to the corrosion of acid easily.But when selecting acidic substance,, then consume a large amount of aluminium easily, the rate of recovery of aluminium is reduced, also can consume a large amount of acidic substance simultaneously, reduce the service efficiency of separating agent if acidity is strong excessively.Therefore the present invention selects to have suitable tart organic carboxyl acid, also need to consider the infiltration of this material in plastic layer simultaneously, the size of seepage velocity is relevant with molecular size, it is the size of R group, the R group is big more, and seepage velocity is slow more, therefore takes into account seepage velocity and acid size, in order to reach good separating effect, generally select C for use
1～C
10Alkyl carboxylic acid, C
3～C
10Cycloalkyl carboxylic acid or C
6～C
10Aromatic base carboxylic acid etc., preferred C
1～C
10The straight-chain alkyl carboxylic acid, more preferably C
1～C
4The straight-chain alkyl carboxylic acid.These materials all can permeate well and pass through plastic layer, plastic layer is produced the swelling effect, can provide certain acidity again simultaneously, the aluminum oxide on corrosion aluminium surface, under the acting in conjunction of physics swelling and chemical corrosion, the bounding force between rapid damage aluminium foil and plastics.
Described tensio-active agent is selected one or more in anion surfactant, the nonionogenic tenside for use, wherein anion surfactant can be selected soap commonly used, sulfonate, sulfuric acid or phosphate ester salt etc. for use, from reducing surface tension and improve the seepage velocity of organic carboxyl acid plastic layer, preferred lauryl alcohol sulfuric acid; Nonionogenic tenside can be selected Soxylat A 25-7 commonly used, polyvalent alcohol or alkylol amide etc. for use, from reducing surface tension and improving the seepage velocity of organic carboxyl acid plastic layer, preferred alkyl phenol polyethenoxy ether.
Tensio-active agent can reduce organic carboxyl acid in process of osmosis and the surface action power that produces between plastics, improves the infiltration rate of organic carboxyl acid in plastic layer, and conventional anion surfactant or nonionogenic tenside all can reach this kind effect.
The effect of water is organic carboxyl acid and a surfactant concentrations in the dilution separating agent, keeps certain acidity and surfactant concentration in the separating agent.
In order to reach good separating effect, preferred 2: 1～6: 1 of the weight ratio of separating agent and aluminium plastic composite material.
In the inventive method, aluminium plastic composite material is immersed in forms separation system in the separating agent, in the separating agent effect, feed the gas that becomes inertia (be immiscible and chemical reaction does not take place) with separating agent, this gas can exist in the separation system with the form of bubble, and leaves separation system in the mode of bubbling.Because the chemical action that the bounding force between aluminium foil and plastic layer is separated dose is destroyed, therefore when feeding gas, gas can penetrate into and be superimposed together, only exist between the aluminium foil and plastic layer of weak interaction force, in the process that becomes bubble and bubbling, because the expansion of gas volume, can produce certain pressure, this pressure can overcome the weak interaction force between aluminium foil and plastic layer, can realize peeling off automatically between aluminium foil and plastic layer.
In order to make gas volume that enough expansions take place, can produce enough pressure and overcome weak interaction force between aluminium foil and plastic layer, the present invention has certain requirement to the gas flow rate that is fed, the gas flow rate that feeds in every liter of separating agent is 50ml/min～500ml/min, is preferably 100ml/min～400ml/min.
If gas flow rate is low excessively, in aluminium plastic composite material interlayer seepage force deficiency, the bubble of formation is less, and volume expansion is less so, and the pressure that is produced just is not enough to overcome the interlayer weak interaction force, can not reach the effect that aluminium foil and plastic layer are peeled off automatically; Gas flow rate is excessive, then can cause the concuss of material in the separation system, and the chance between the gas penetrating layer is reduced, and reduces separation efficiency, also can carry a large amount of separating agent components simultaneously secretly, reduces the service efficiency of separating agent, increases separation costs.
The gas that is fed is with respect to the essential one-tenth of separating agent inertia (be immiscible and chemical reaction does not take place).For the used separating agent that contains organic carboxyl acid of the present invention, can not use ammonia, can make with organic carboxyl acid reaction because ammonia does not have bubble formation in the separation system, and can consume a part of organic carboxyl acid and the concentration of organic carboxyl acid in the separating agent is reduced, and influences the isolating effect of aluminium and plastics.The present invention selects suitable gas according to the physico-chemical property of used separating agent, generally can select air, nitrogen, carbonic acid gas, oxygen or hydrogen for use, preferred air, nitrogen or carbonic acid gas.
In order to realize peeling off automatically of aluminium foil and plastics better, it can be the fragment of the pulverizer sieve aperture of 1～80mm by diameter that the aluminium plastic composite material fragment can be selected for use, can be the fragment of the pulverizer sieve aperture of 5～50mm by diameter preferably, more preferably logical diameter excessively be the fragment of the pulverizer sieve aperture of 10～30mm.
In described filtration, flotation separation, the drying process, filter gained filtrate for consuming the remaining separating agent in back, reusable; Flotation separation is to utilize the difference of aluminium and plastic density to come flotation separation aluminium and plastics.
The present invention has following advantage:
The inventive method is easy to operate, and cost is low, does not need special equipment, is beneficial to suitability for industrialized production.Simultaneously, this method can realize that aluminium foil and the fast automatic of plastics are peeled off in the aluminium plastic composite material, thereby realizes the recovery respectively of aluminium foil and plastics, and the recycling that has not only improved aluminium plastic composite material is worth, and has reduced the pollution of waste to environment.
Reach the method for peeling off automatically with the generation temperature internal stress of lowering the temperature by being rapidly heated and compare, the operation of bubble auxiliary law is simpler, and velocity of separation is faster, and energy consumption is lower, and separation costs is also lower.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
In the strap clamp cover glass still of 1000ml, adding 500ml contains the lauryl alcohol sodium sulfovinate of mass percent concentration 0.1%, the aqueous acetic acid of mass percent concentration 15%, adding 100g again can be the aluminium plastic composite material fragment of the pulverizer sieve aperture of 10～15mm by diameter, feed thermal medium in the chuck still, elevated temperature, while is with the flow velocity bubbling air of 200ml/min, form bubble, temperature to 80 ℃, keep 25min, aluminium reaches fully with plastics and separates, and obtains the mixture of aluminium chips and plastic flakes after filtration, places pond flotation separation aluminium and plastics (on plastics bubble through the water column again, and aluminium is sunken at the bottom of the pond), dry aluminium of difference and plastics, weighing obtains the 19.9g aluminium foil, the 79.9g plastics.
Embodiment 2
In the strap clamp cover glass still of 1000ml, adding 500ml contains the dodecyl phenol polyethenoxy ether of mass percent concentration 0.5%, the aqueous acetic acid of mass percent concentration 20%, adding 100g again can be the aluminium plastic composite material fragment of the pulverizer sieve aperture of 10～15mm by diameter, feed thermal medium in the chuck still, elevated temperature, flow velocity with 200ml/min feeds nitrogen simultaneously, form bubble, temperature to 90 ℃, keep 20min, aluminium reaches fully with plastics and separates, and obtains the mixture of aluminium chips and plastic flakes after filtration, places pond flotation separation aluminium and plastics (on plastics bubble through the water column again, and aluminium is sunken at the bottom of the pond), dry aluminium of difference and plastics, weighing obtains the 19.9g aluminium foil, the 79.9g plastics.
Embodiment 3
In the strap clamp cover glass still of 1000ml, adding 500ml contains the lauryl alcohol sodium sulfovinate of mass percent concentration 1%, the aqueous acetic acid of mass percent concentration 50%, adding 100g again can be the aluminium plastic composite material fragment of the pulverizer sieve aperture of 10～15mm by diameter, feed thermal medium in the chuck still, elevated temperature, flow velocity with 200ml/min feeds carbon dioxide simultaneously, form bubble, temperature to 80 ℃, keep 15min, aluminium reaches fully with plastics and separates, and obtains the mixture of aluminium chips and plastic flakes after filtration, places pond flotation separation aluminium and plastics (on plastics bubble through the water column again, and aluminium is sunken at the bottom of the pond), dry aluminium of difference and plastics, weighing obtains the 19.9g aluminium foil, the 79.9g plastics.
Embodiment 4
In the strap clamp cover glass still of 1000ml, adding 500ml contains the lauryl alcohol sodium sulfovinate of mass percent concentration 0.3%, the aqueous acetic acid of mass percent concentration 70%, adding 100g again can be the aluminium plastic composite material fragment of the pulverizer sieve aperture of 10～15mm by diameter, feed thermal medium in the chuck still, elevated temperature, while is with the flow velocity bubbling air of 50ml/min, form bubble, temperature to 80 ℃, keep 10min, aluminium reaches fully with plastics and separates, and obtains the mixture of aluminium chips and plastic flakes after filtration, places pond flotation separation aluminium and plastics (on plastics bubble through the water column again, and aluminium is sunken at the bottom of the pond), dry aluminium of difference and plastics, weighing obtains the 19.9g aluminium foil, the 79.9g plastics.
Embodiment 5
In the strap clamp cover glass still of 1000ml, adding 200ml contains the lauryl alcohol sodium sulfovinate of mass percent concentration 0.6%, the aqueous formic acid of mass percent concentration 15%, adding 100g again can be the aluminium plastic composite material fragment of the pulverizer sieve aperture of 10～15mm by diameter, feed thermal medium in the chuck still, elevated temperature, while is with the flow velocity bubbling air of 50ml/min, form bubble, temperature to 80 ℃, keep 40min, aluminium reaches fully with plastics and separates, and obtains the mixture of aluminium chips and plastic flakes after filtration, places pond flotation separation aluminium and plastics (on plastics bubble through the water column again, and aluminium is sunken at the bottom of the pond), dry aluminium of difference and plastics, weighing obtains the 19.8g aluminium foil, the 79.9g plastics.
Comparative Examples 1
Except in separating agent not the bubbling air, all the other operations are all identical with embodiment 1, and through behind the 70min, the bounding force between aluminium and plastics is destroyed fully, but aluminium and plastics are not peeled away automatically.
Comparative Examples 2
Except the flow velocity of bubbling air in separating agent is the 800ml/min, all the other operations are all identical with embodiment 1, and through behind the 70min, the bounding force between aluminium and plastics is destroyed fully, but aluminium and plastics are not peeled away automatically.
Claims (7)
1. the method for the auxiliary fast stripping plastic-aluminum composite material of a bubble, comprise: aluminium plastic composite material is ground into fragment, place separating agent, flow velocity with 50ml/min～500ml/min in every liter of separating agent feeds gas, be warming up to 80～90 ℃, insulation 10～40min makes aluminium separate fully with plastics, more after filtration, flotation separation, drying obtain aluminium and plastics respectively; Described gas becomes inertia with respect to described separating agent;
Described separating agent is made up of following components in weight percentage: organic carboxyl acid 10%～99.9%, and tensio-active agent 0.1%～1%, surplus is a water;
Described organic carboxyl acid is compound or the formic acid with general structure RCOOH, and R is C in the formula
1～C
10Alkyl, C
3～C
10Cycloalkyl or C
6～C
10Aromatic base;
The weight ratio of described separating agent and aluminium plastic composite material is 2: 1～6: 1.
2. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that: described gas is air, nitrogen, carbonic acid gas, oxygen or hydrogen.
3. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that: described compound with general structure RCOOH is an acetate.
4. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that: described tensio-active agent is one or more in anion surfactant, the nonionogenic tenside.
5. method as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: described anion surfactant is soap, sulfonate, sulfuric acid or phosphate ester salt.
6. method as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: described nonionogenic tenside is Soxylat A 25-7, polyvalent alcohol or alkylol amide.
7. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that: described gas flow rate is 100ml/min～400ml/min.
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| CN102784792B (en) * | 2012-07-28 | 2014-08-20 | 北京化工大学 | Multilayer bubbling type municipal solid waste refined sorting unit and method |
| IT201600114545A1 (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2018-05-14 | Univ Bologna Alma Mater Studiorum | Method for separating and recovering polyethylene and aluminum from a polylaminate material |
| CN113502396A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-10-15 | 广东邦普循环科技有限公司 | Method for safely leaching waste battery and application |
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