CN101467484A - Method and apparatus for the uniform resistance heating of articles - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for the uniform resistance heating of articles Download PDFInfo
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- CN101467484A CN101467484A CN 200780015086 CN200780015086A CN101467484A CN 101467484 A CN101467484 A CN 101467484A CN 200780015086 CN200780015086 CN 200780015086 CN 200780015086 A CN200780015086 A CN 200780015086A CN 101467484 A CN101467484 A CN 101467484A
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Abstract
A method for providing a controlled heating profile in an article being heated in a resistance heating process is provided. The method includes contacting the article with a plurality of electrodes, selecting a first correlated group that includes at least two electrodes, and establishing a flow of electrical current between the electrodes of the first correlated group. The method also includes selecting a second correlated group that includes at least two electrodes, the second correlated group differing from the first correlated group. A flow of electrical current is also established between the electrodes of the second correlated group for the purpose of providing a controlled heating profile for an article undergoing resistance heating. The electrical current between the electrodes of the second correlated group can be established after the flow of electrical current is established between the electrodes of the first correlated group. In addition, the flow of electrical current between the electrodes of the first correlated group can be terminated before the flow of the electrical current is established between the electrodes of the second correlated group. The method can also include the further step of selecting a third correlated group comprised of at least two of the said plurality of electrodes and establishing a flow of electrical current between the electrodes of the third correlated group. A step of controlling at least one sequence, duration, and magnitude of current flow between the electrodes of the various correlated groups can be included. In addition, the flow of current between the electrodes of the various correlated groups can be controlled by a preselected program. The flow of current can also be controlled by a response to a measured parameter of the article, for example the temperature and/or electrical resistance of the article.
Description
The cross reference of related application
The application requires the U.S. Provisional Patent Application sequence number No.60/782 of submission on March 16th, 2006, the U.S. Patent Application Serial Number No.11/685 that on March 14th, 801 and 2007 submitted to, and 877 priority is incorporated both into this paper with way of reference at this.
Technical field
The present invention relates generally to resistance heating.More particularly, the present invention relates to be used for heating equably the method and apparatus of erose article by resistance heating.
Background technology
Resistance heating is a kind of for example method of the effective and Energy Efficient of the conductive articles of metal works and so on that is used to heat.In this process, the electric current workpiece of flowing through.Can easily regulate degree of heat by Control current intensity.
Usually, the resistance heating method provides the reliable of workpiece and evenly heating; But, have irregularly shaped or specific problem can occur comprising the workpiece of opening, attenuation part or further feature.These scramblings meeting break current paths and prevention are evenly heated.For example, opening can cause contiguous its peripheral current concentration, thereby causes focus.Similarly, the attenuation cross section of article or lateral part can be concentrated electric current and be produced focus.On irregularly shaped workpiece, set up flow difficulty normally of uniform electric current, because electric current is often taked the shortest path by workpiece; Therefore, the specific region may be blocked and by less heating.When thin workpiece such as the construction package that assembles motor vehicles for example, this problem is especially remarkable.
In response to the problems referred to above, Arnosky is at United States Patent (USP) NO.3, discloses a kind of two phase process that are used to heat channel pipe in 737,618.In the process of phase I, four groups of electrodes are in the end portion of this pipe, and apply voltage with to the end portion preheating to it.In second stage, from this pipe, remove two arrays of electrodes so that simultaneously to end portion and channel region heating.In addition, Gomez is at United States Patent (USP) NO.6, discloses a kind of two phase process in 897,407, wherein first group of electrode pair workpiece preheating, and the second component stream electrode makes electric current walk around the little transverse cross-sectional area of workpiece.Phase I relates to and makes the electric current workpiece of flowing through, and wherein than zonule bridge joint conduction, thereby described zone is by the ground heating of light degree.In second stage, remove diverter pole and heating whole work-piece.
The method of above-mentioned two kinds of prior aries all relates to the multistage processing to symmetrical workpiece.Therefore, these systems can't provide the required control of highly irregular object (piece) heating; And the two stage property of the process of prior art makes its use in high-speed automated process become complicated.Thereby should be appreciated that needs a kind of single phase method and apparatus, by described method and apparatus, the workpiece that can utilize resistance heating to heat equably to comprise atypical characteristic and wherein the measurement parameter of workpiece help to control heating system.As detailed below, the present invention satisfies above-mentioned needs.
Summary of the invention
The method that provides a kind of controlled heat that the article that heat with the resistance heating process just are provided providing to distribute (profile).Described method comprises by a plurality of electrodes contact article, selects to comprise the first relevant group of at least two electrodes, and the electric current of setting up between the electrode of the first relevant group flows.Described method also comprises the second relevant group of selecting to comprise at least two electrodes, and the second relevant group is different from the first relevant group.It is mobile so that provide controlled heat to distribute to the article that just carry out resistance heating also to set up electric current between the electrode of the second relevant group.
Can between the electrode of the first relevant group, set up electric current and set up electric current between the second relevant electrode of organizing after flowing.In addition, can flow at the electric current of setting up between the electrode of the second relevant group between the electrode that electric current stops the first relevant group before flowing.Described method also can comprise to be selected to comprise at least two third phase pass group in described a plurality of electrode and sets up the step that the electric current between the electrode of third phase pass group flows.
The step that one of can comprise in order, duration and the value that the electric current between electrode of each relevant group of control flows at least.In addition, can flow by the electric current between each relevant electrode of organizing of program control of preliminary election.Also can come Control current to flow by response to the measurement parameter (for example temperature of article and/or resistance) of article.The electric current that can use bridge member (bridgingmember) to control in the zone of the opening of workpiece and/or attenuation part flows.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the top view that has adhered to the article of electrode according to of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the top view according to corner connection electrode of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram according to controller of the present invention, some electrodes, power supply and transducer;
Fig. 4 is the sectional side view that has the article of plug-in type noggin piece according to of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the sectional side view that has the article of plug-in type noggin piece according to of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the sectional side view that has the article of integrated noggin piece according to of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the sectional side view that has the article of sunk part and noggin piece according to of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the sectional side view that has the article of sunk part and noggin piece according to of the present invention; And
Fig. 9 is the end view that has cross section that reduces and the article that wire terminal is arranged that adhere to according to of the present invention.
Embodiment
As mentioned above, the uniform current that is difficult to usually set up in the erose workpiece flows.The invention provides a kind of multiple electrode system method of unifying, wherein a plurality of electrodes are attached on the workpiece, apply voltage to heat this workpiece equably according to relevant group of different inferior these electrodes of ordered pair.
Refer now to Fig. 1, wherein show a specific implementation of the present invention that is used to heat irregularly shaped workpiece 10.Contact described workpiece by a series of electrode 12a-12i that are attached to workpiece 10 peripheries.Among the electrode 12a-12i each all optionally is connected with current source and/or ground.Can set up selectable connection by distribution board, controller etc., this is conspicuous for those skilled in the art.
In the operation of the present invention, optionally the group of these electrodes (being called " relevant group " with this group here) is applied voltage so that the electric current in may command and the guiding workpiece flows.For example, can apply voltage so that electric current is flowed along all width of workpiece 10 basically to electrode 12a and 12f.This current path is the workpiece corner in the zone of heating electrode 12c and 12b fully, and should the zone can be by the current flow heats of between electrode 12b and/or 12c and 12f, setting up.Similarly, this zone can be by the current flow heats that circulates between electrode 12i and the 12d.In some cases, can set up current path more than two electrodes by utilizing.For example, can utilize current path between among electrode 12b and 12i and the 12h each to come zone in this corner of heated parts.Perhaps, the corner regions that can utilize the electrode (for example corner connection electrode 11a and/or the 11b shown in Fig. 2) that is designed to adapt to the corner to come heated parts.In use of the present invention, can be successively the various combination of electrode be applied voltage, in some cases can be simultaneously the various combinations of electrode being applied voltage, so that make workpiece 10 reach even temperature quickly and efficiently.The control of timing, duration and the value that can impose on the current impulse of workpiece according to parameter of measuring or program stored adjustment is so that provide and safeguard uniform temperature in the workpiece.
Refer now to Fig. 3, wherein show another feature of the present invention that comprises with a plurality of electrode 12a-12e controller in communication 14 and power supply 16.Controller 14 is operating as by power supply 16 and optionally the various combination of electrode 12a-12e is applied voltage so that carry out method of the present invention, and be operable as control each/among order, duration and/or the value that electric current between the electrode of relevant group flows one of at least.Controller also can be according to the preselector of wherein storing to electrode application voltage.
In other cases, system also comprises the transducer of for example temperature sensor 18 of also communicating by letter with controller.Temperature sensor can be leucoscope, infrared ray responsive camera, thermocouple array or be operating as the temperature of sensing workpiece and other any this device that makes controller can suitably control the control signal that the voltage to electrode applies is provided.Under specific circumstances, temperature sensor provides the signal of the heat energy distribution in the indication workpiece.This signal carry indication in the workpiece focus and the information of cold-zone, and controller can come optionally the specific electrodes group is applied voltage or removes its voltage that applies by suitably reading this signal, so as to provide with attending device on temperature required distribution.Typically, this distribution will be that even temperature distributes; But, in some cases, may need to safeguard the non-uniform Distribution of preliminary election, and this can be realized by the present invention.
As known in the art, some parameters of metal object or physical property will be as the functions of this metal temperature and are changed, but sensing and use the part of such parameter as control system of the present invention.For example, when metal temperature increased, it showed resistance and descends.The spatial distribution of measuring workpieces resistance and be used for control heating like a cork.For example, above-mentioned electrode also can be used from the effect of the probe of the resistance in the measuring workpieces, thereby plays the effect of sensor array.The magnetic property of iron and other ferrimag also changes as the function of its temperature, and also can measure these character, and uses these character that control signal is provided similarly.
Under those situations of sequentially handling the similar workpiece of a collection of configuration, can set up one group of control profile based on analyzing a workpiece or the less workpiece of number, and these profiles can be stored in the controller, be used for the workpiece of processing subsequent, and do not need each workpiece is all carried out careful temperature survey.
Occur the attenuation of hole or other opening or narrow part in the workpiece and can cause some particular problems in the resistance heating process.For example, comprise hole 20 in the workpiece 10 of Fig. 1.The electric current that flows through the zone with hole 20 often concentrates on along this hole periphery everywhere, thereby produces focus in some zone.In some cases, can alleviate this problem by using the suitable electrode group that centers on this opening " guiding " electric current effectively.But, in some cases, this scheme is a difficulty or unpractical.Therefore, according to another aspect of the present invention, arrange the noggin piece that conducts electricity on opening, thereby uniform flow rate is provided so that even heating is provided so that electric current is shunted.
Refer now to Fig. 4, the part of workpiece shown in it 10 has wherein been arranged filling component 22 so that filler opening 20 and allow electric current flow through this hole.Noggin piece 22 can be by any electric conducting material manufacturing, and does not preferably react with workpiece.Noggin piece can be made to such an extent that be thicker than workpiece; But, bigger noggin piece can cause influencing the heat radiation of the temperature homogeneity of workpiece, should consider the thermal capacitance of noggin piece when design system of the present invention for this reason.Noggin piece is not the whole periphery that all needs contact workpiece in all cases.The degree of contact depends on the direction that electric current flows and the characteristics of opening self.As example among Fig. 4, show noggin piece 22 with plug (plug) form, noggin piece can rise when workpiece is introduced in the equipment and descend and come contact workpiece.As shown, plug and opening just match; But, in other cases, plug can comprise that wheel rim or further feature are with the location that helps contact with determine.For example, Fig. 5 shows wherein that plug 24 is systems of cone-shaped component.
According to the present invention, can before workpiece is put into equipment, noggin piece be inserted workpiece, perhaps can after workpiece being placed in the equipment, insert noggin piece.In some cases, automatically place noggin piece and from workpiece, take out by equipment.Under the other situation, in fact noggin piece can be the part of workpiece self.In this case, noggin piece can be limited by the vulnerable area of the workpiece of the remainder of linking workpiece by thin web plate (in some cases, perforate web (perforated web)).After heat treatment, available perforation procedure etc. remove this incorporate noggin piece, and in some cases, are preferably in when workpiece still is in high temperature and carry out this perforation procedure, and in other cases, can carry out after cure operations etc.Fig. 6 shows the cross section of the workpiece 40 with integrated noggin piece 42, and wherein integrated noggin piece 42 remains on the workpiece 40 by the web part 44 of attenuation.
In some cases, have depression or cavity district in described article by the article that resistance heating heats, described depression or cavity district have constituted the weakened region that non-uniform heating wherein may take place.The present invention can be implemented in the even heating in this zone, as shown in Figure 7.Can provide the even resistance heating of close described depressed area 54 for article 50 by inserting noggin piece 52 with depressed area 54.Noggin piece 52 is similar with 24 to above-mentioned noggin piece 22, and electric current is flowed through wherein.
The depressed area 54 of article 50 also can with noggin piece 56 bridge joints, as shown in Figure 8.Noggin piece 56 comprises a plurality of circuits or the thin slice 58 of distance, area and/or the volume of crossing over depressed area 54.Noggin piece 52 is like this too.
Forward Fig. 9 to, show different embodiments of the invention, wherein the cross section of article 60 tapers to thin cross section 64 from thick cross section 62.For example, and only be illustrative purpose, article 60 can represent to carry out the heat treated bolt of resistance heating, nail punch or mechanical tension sample.The present invention can provide the even heating along article 60 by a noggin piece that comprises a plurality of bridged electrodes 68 attached in the district 66.Can be connected with controller 14 attached to the electrode 68 in the district 66.One or more in the electrode 68 also can serve as wherein the temperature of monitored space 66 and/or the transducer 18 (Fig. 3) of resistance.
Instruction in view of proposing here is to be understood that other modifications and variations of the present invention are conspicuous for those skilled in the art.Aforesaid accompanying drawing, discussion and illustrated example specific embodiment, rather than to the restriction of its practice.By following claim (comprise and be equal to claim) scope of the present invention is limited.
Claims (26)
1, a kind of method that just is used for providing the controlled heat with the article of resistance heating process heating to distribute, described method comprises step:
With a plurality of electrode contact article, described a plurality of electrodes comprise at least three electrodes;
Provide and be operating as the controller of controlling the electric current between described a plurality of electrode according to the measurement parameter of preselector or article;
Selection comprises at least two the first relevant group in described a plurality of electrode;
The electric current of setting up between the described first relevant electrode of organizing flows;
Selection comprises at least two the second relevant group in described a plurality of electrode, and the described second relevant group is different from the described first relevant group;
The electric current of setting up between the second relevant electrode of organizing flows; And
Flow according to the measurement parameter control first relevant group of preselector or article and the electric current between the second relevant electrode of organizing by controller, distribute with the controlled heat in the article of resistance heating process heating so that just provide.
2, the method for claim 1, it is mobile wherein to set up the electric current that electric current sets up after flowing between the electrode of the second relevant group between the electrode of the described first relevant group.
3, the method for claim 1 wherein flows at the electric current of setting up between the electrode of the second relevant group between the electrode that electric current stops the first relevant group before flowing.
4, the method for claim 1, the electric current of wherein setting up between the electrode of the second relevant group between the electrode that electric current stops the first relevant group after flowing is mobile.
5, the method for claim 1, wherein the electric current between the electrode of the termination first relevant group flows before the electric current between the electrode that stops the second relevant group flows.
6, the method for claim 1, wherein said a plurality of electrodes comprise more than three electrodes.
7, method as claimed in claim 6 also comprises at least two the third phase pass group of selecting to comprise in described a plurality of electrode; And
Set up the step that the electric current between the electrode of third phase pass group flows.
8, method as claimed in claim 7, its middle controller one of are controlled in order, duration and the value that the electric current between the described relevant group electrode flows at least.
9, method as claimed in claim 8, its middle controller are controlled described electric current according to preselector and are flowed.
10, method as claimed in claim 8, its middle controller are controlled described electric current in response to the measurement parameter of described article and are flowed.
11, method as claimed in claim 10, wherein said parameter comprises temperature.
12, method as claimed in claim 10, wherein said parameter comprise the spatial variations of described article on temperature.
13, method as claimed in claim 10, wherein said parameter comprises the resistance of described article.
14, method as claimed in claim 10, wherein said parameter comprise that described article are in ohmically spatial variations.
15, the method for claim 1, wherein said article comprise qualification opening or attenuation part thereon, and described method also comprises the step of arranging the conductive fill member that partly contacts with described opening or attenuation, and described noggin piece is operating as conduction current on described opening or attenuation part.
16, a kind of system that is used for heated parts, described system comprises:
A plurality of electrodes comprise at least three electrodes, and described electrode is configured to contact described workpiece;
Controller, when described electrode contacted with described workpiece, described controller function was for optionally to set up according to the measurement parameter of preselector or described workpiece:
I. comprise that first electric current between at least two the first relevant group in described a plurality of electrode flows; And
II. comprise that second electric current between at least two the second relevant group in described a plurality of electrode flows.
17, system as claimed in claim 16, wherein said controller also is operating as at least one feature that the described electric current of control flows, and described feature is selected from the group of being made up of described electric current mobile order, timing, duration, value and combination thereof.
18, system as claimed in claim 17, wherein said controller function is according to described at least one feature of preselector control.
19, system as claimed in claim 17, wherein said system comprise the transducer that is operating as at least one physical property of measuring described workpiece, and described controller function is described at least one feature of physical property control according to the described workpiece of measuring.
20, system as claimed in claim 19, wherein said transducer is operating as the temperature of measuring described workpiece.
21, system as claimed in claim 19, wherein said transducer is operating as the spatial distribution of the temperature of measuring described workpiece.
22, system as claimed in claim 19, wherein said transducer is operating as the resistance of measuring described workpiece.
23, system as claimed in claim 19, wherein said transducer is operating as the spatial distribution of the resistance of measuring described workpiece.
24, system as claimed in claim 16, wherein said workpiece comprises qualification opening or attenuation part thereon, and described system comprises actuator, described actuator operated is to arrange the noggin piece of conduction so that described noggin piece contacts with at least a portion of the periphery of opening or attenuation part, so that electric current flows and can therefrom pass through.
25, a kind of being used for having qualification opening or the workpiece of the attenuation part method of carrying out even resistance heating thereon, described method comprises:
The noggin piece of conduction is provided;
With described noggin piece be arranged as with described workpiece in opening or at least a portion telecommunication of the periphery of attenuation part; And
The electric current of setting up by described workpiece flows, and described thus electric current flows described workpiece is carried out resistance heating, and described noggin piece makes the described electric current of at least a portion walk around described opening or attenuation part.
26, a kind of being used for having qualification opening or the workpiece of the attenuation part equipment that carries out even resistance heating thereon, described equipment comprises:
First and second electrodes are operating as with described workpiece and set up telecommunication;
Current source, with described first electrode and the described second electrode telecommunication, described current source optionally is operating as foundation and flows by the electric current with the workpiece of the described first and second electrode telecommunications; And
The noggin piece of conduction, be configured to be arranged to described workpiece in opening or at least a portion telecommunication of the periphery of attenuation part, when described electric current flow through described workpiece, described noggin piece made described at least a portion electric current walk around described opening or attenuation part thus.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US78280106P | 2006-03-16 | 2006-03-16 | |
| US60/782,801 | 2006-03-16 | ||
| US11/685,877 | 2007-03-14 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101467484A true CN101467484A (en) | 2009-06-24 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200780015086 Pending CN101467484A (en) | 2006-03-16 | 2007-03-16 | Method and apparatus for the uniform resistance heating of articles |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN101467484A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101970149A (en) * | 2008-05-16 | 2011-02-09 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Press-forming method and press-formed part |
| CN102834530A (en) * | 2010-03-23 | 2012-12-19 | 中央发条株式会社 | Method for electrically heating spring, and device for same |
| CN104946861A (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2015-09-30 | 本特勒尔汽车技术有限公司 | Warming device for conductive heating of a sheet metal circuit board |
| CN105472787A (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2016-04-06 | 湖北捷讯光电有限公司 | Micro thin-film resistance heater |
| CN107760834A (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2018-03-06 | 中央发条株式会社 | Heater and heating means |
-
2007
- 2007-03-16 CN CN 200780015086 patent/CN101467484A/en active Pending
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101970149A (en) * | 2008-05-16 | 2011-02-09 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Press-forming method and press-formed part |
| CN101970149B (en) * | 2008-05-16 | 2014-09-10 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Press-forming method and press-formed part |
| CN102834530A (en) * | 2010-03-23 | 2012-12-19 | 中央发条株式会社 | Method for electrically heating spring, and device for same |
| CN102834530B (en) * | 2010-03-23 | 2014-07-09 | 中央发条株式会社 | Method for electrically heating spring, and device for same |
| CN107760834A (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2018-03-06 | 中央发条株式会社 | Heater and heating means |
| CN104946861A (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2015-09-30 | 本特勒尔汽车技术有限公司 | Warming device for conductive heating of a sheet metal circuit board |
| CN104946861B (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2018-01-02 | 本特勒尔汽车技术有限公司 | Heater for conducting type metal heating plate base |
| CN105472787A (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2016-04-06 | 湖北捷讯光电有限公司 | Micro thin-film resistance heater |
| CN105472787B (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2018-09-11 | 湖北捷讯光电有限公司 | A kind of miniature thin-film resistance heater |
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Open date: 20090624 |