CN101457521B - Electroosmosis method and apparatus for dehydration for large area high moisture percentage earth body - Google Patents
Electroosmosis method and apparatus for dehydration for large area high moisture percentage earth body Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an electroosmotic method used for dewatering the soil with large area and high water content and equipment thereof. The operation comprises the following steps of: (1) constant current starting: adopting a constant current output mode, namely the output current is constant and the output voltage is variable; (2) constant voltage holding: when the output voltage reaches a preset value, the output voltage is converted into stable voltage and then output, namely the output voltage is constant and the output current is variable, and the stable working condition is held for long time; (3) strengthening impulse: in the process of holding constant voltage, impulse voltage is superimposed by a certain interval; (4) energization at intervals: energization and power off are carried out alternatively; and (5) polarity convention: according to the change of water yield, the positive polarity and the negative polarity of output voltage of the special electroosmotic device are automatically changed. By improving the operation method to electroosmotic dewatering, the invention solves the defects in the prior art, improves dewatering efficiency and reduces the energy consumption.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of soil body dehydration method, be specifically related to a kind of electroosmosis method that is used for the dehydration of the large area high moisture percentage soil body, be particularly useful for occasions such as the high shore reclamation of moisture content, building and the processing of structure ground.
Background technology
In occasions such as the shore reclamation of coastal area, some high water level zone building and structure excavation of foundation pit, all face the problem of how soil body being dewatered.These soil body (buries, dredger fill, contain organic soil etc.) generally all have a moisture content height, compressibilty is big, characteristics such as transmission coefficient is little, when processing area is very big, such soil body is adopted filling, methods such as displacement obviously do not gear to actual circumstances, it can only be the precompressed of adopting non-filling, compacted, methods such as compacting, and these methods all need to cooperate soil body dehydration to carry out, if dehydrating effect is bad, it is low to show as bearing strength, rate of consolidation is slow, the construction quality of top carrier will be had a strong impact on, thereby how the effect of dehydration just becomes the key that influences soil body treatment effect.Because the capillarity of this class soil body micro-pore water is remained in the hole, and permeability is lower, general vacuum dewatering process poor effect, and one of at present effective method when adopting electroosmotic dewatering.
Adopt electroosmotic dewatering, need in the soil body, arrange and establish electrode, be divided into anode and negative electrode, be provided with drainage channel near the negative electrode place.When electrode fed direct current, under effect of electric field, the water in the soil body hole combined with cation, the moisture subband to negative electrode, just can be concentrated at the negative electrode place and was drawn water, thereby reach the purpose that the water in the soil body is discharged.
At present, not domestic and international real practical application electroosmosis technology also not general in soil body dehydration, some application scenarios few in number, what adopt is the direct current electric osmose dewatering of constant voltage, fixed polarity, mainly there are following problems in this method: 1. no doubt simple possible of the enforcement of constant voltage electric osmose, but carrying out along with the electric osmose dehydration, the moisture content of the soil body reduces, but when not reaching designing requirement as yet, dewatering efficiency significantly descends, even add the water flow of electric osmose and not add the electric osmose effect identical, the effect complete obiteration of electric osmose.2. for the electric osmose dehydration of fixed polarity, along with the carrying out of electric osmose dehydration, the gas that electrode reaction produces will accumulate between soil property and the anode, both contact resistances are increased, correspondingly voltage drop also increases, and makes the effective electric-field intensity of the soil body weaken, and dewatering efficiency descends gradually.Because above-mentioned situation exists, and has directly caused the electric osmose dewatering time long, the dehydration energy consumption is higher, the dehydrating effect variation.3. since in the process of electric osmose dehydration anode electrolysis can take place, the electric osmose dewatering of the fixed polarity all ratio negative electrode with the anode diameter design is big, to prevent that anode is made electric osmose interrupt by electrolysis fully in the electric osmose dehydration.4. since in the electric osmose process hydrone be to assemble all the time to negative electrode, and soil particle is subjected to the power effect of anode, causes soil body density, moisture content etc. after the electric osmose dehydration of fixed polarity can make dehydration to become inhomogeneous.5. owing to the electrolysis of anode in the electric osmose process, the oxyhydroxide of generation has been filled near the soil body the anode, plays the effect of glued soil mass consolidation, and this phenomenon does not then take place negative electrode.Soil body density unevenness after also causing dewatering is even.These all will influence the bearing strength of the soil body.
The existence of above shortcoming has all limited expansion and the application of electric osmose dehydration technique in engineering.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention provides a kind of electroosmosis method that is used for the dehydration of the large area high moisture percentage soil body, has solved the defective in the existing electric osmose dehydration technique, dewatering efficiency is improved, and has reduced the dehydration energy consumption.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of electroosmosis method that is used for the dehydration of the large area high moisture percentage soil body, and adopt special-purpose electric osmose device to draw water the soil body is carried out processed in conjunction with vacuum, the operating procedure of special-purpose electric osmose device is as follows:
(1) constant current starts: set initial current and target voltage values according to soil body electrical conductivity and embedding depth of electrode into, adopt the current stabilization way of output, promptly output current is constant is initial current, and this moment, output voltage increased along with the carrying out of electric osmose dehydration;
(2) constant voltage keeps: transfer voltage stabilizing output when output voltage reaches the target voltage values of setting to, promptly output voltage is constant in target voltage values;
(3) pulse is strengthened: in process of holding constant, the output voltage positive pulse voltage that on target voltage values, superposes, the amplitude of described pulse voltage is smaller or equal to target voltage values, output voltage is a target voltage values during no pulse, 10 to 20 minutes cycles, dutycycle 40% to 60%, the time that constant voltage keeps and pulse is strengthened is 15～24 hours;
(4) intermittently power-on: energising and outage hocket, cut off the power supply after 15～24 hours in the energising that constant voltage keeps and pulse is strengthened at every turn, power-off time was less than 20 hours, during outage, to export the both positive and negative polarity short circuit, with the electric charge of releasing, the vacuum of this moment is drawn water and is continued to keep, and outage finishes repeating step (2)～(3), back;
(5) polarity conversion: when water yield drop to electric osmose when beginning water yield 20～60% the time, the reversing of output voltage is about to that original negative pole becomes positive pole, positive pole becomes negative pole, correspondingly, also switch the vacuum position of drawing water, and repeating step (2)～(4); When water yield drop to polarity when beginning conversion water yield last time 20～60% the time, the polarity of output voltage changes again, and repeating step (2)～(4), reaches predetermined value until the moisture content of the soil body.
In the technique scheme, the establishing method of described initial current is, according to soil body electrical conductivity and embedding depth of electrode into, set initial current on each electrode, the linear electric current density of setting every electrode is 0.1～0.3 amperes per meter, guarantee that initial current is no more than 1.5 amperes on each electrode, all half of number of electrodes multiply by the initial current value on each electrode, is the total output current of electric osmose power supply.
Described target voltage values is 25 to 30 volts.
In the technique scheme, in the described step (1), because soil body initial aqueous rate is higher, electrical conductivity is also higher, again because the restriction of electric osmose device output current needs to reduce output voltage, thereby adopt the current stabilization way of output, and promptly output current is constant, and output voltage changes.According to 1.5 amperes of settings of initial current on each electrode (different needs according to embedding depth of electrode into is adjusted to some extent), carrying out along with the electric osmose dehydration, the electrical conductivity of the soil body reduces gradually, output voltage increases gradually, make the corresponding rising of soil body electric osmose electric-field intensity, dewatering speed is accelerated, and dewatering efficiency improves.
In the described step (3), in process of holding constant, with certain interval (being generally 10 minutes) superimposed pulse voltage, impulse amplitude is smaller or equal to target pressure value, and pulse width is about 5 minutes, is equivalent to 50% dutycycle, and pulse frequency is about 0.5 millihertz now.
In the described step (4), energising outage hockets, as being one-period with one day, can switch on and cut off the power supply in 16 hours 8 hours, special-purpose electric osmose device is realized the short circuit between positive and negative electrode automatically during outage in inside, helps charge discharging resisting, but vacuum is drawn water and still proceeded.
In the described step (5), change the electric osmose electric power polarity automatically, promptly drop to about 30% of max water yield when water yield according to the variation of water yield, the reversing of output voltage becomes original negative pole into positive pole, and positive pole becomes negative pole, accordingly, also switch the vacuum position of drawing water.
Because the technique scheme utilization, the present invention compared with prior art has following advantage:
1. the present invention has solved the defective that exists in the electroosmotic dewatering operation in the past by the improvement to the electroosmotic dewatering method of operating, has improved dewatering efficiency greatly, and has reduced energy consumption, is fit to more promote the use of.
2. superimposed pulse voltage under the constant condition of electric osmose voltage effective value, makes the peak electricity of output be pressed with the raising of short time, the kinetic energy of hydrone is strengthened, thereby more effectively get through the capillary tube of the soil body, increase the transmission coefficient of the soil body, improve the electric osmose dewatering efficiency.
3. produce electric charge accumulation effect in the electric osmose process in the soil body, excessive stored charge stops moving of weak irreducible water, between the turnoff time of intermittently power-on, because electrode is by short circuit, stored charge can be released as early as possible, has both improved the electric osmose dehydrating effect, also is of value to saves energy.
4. the polarity conversion makes near the gas that forms the original positive pole (negative pole after the Variable Polarity) become liquid phase along with the gathering of water by gas phase, thereby has reduced contact resistance, and the effective electric-field intensity of the soil body is strengthened, and further improves dewatering efficiency.Can make the anodic-cathodic physical dimension identical on the other hand, all accomplish disposable use.Electric osmose dehydration finishes all have the oxyhydroxide of electrolysis to fill the soil body near latter two electrode, all plays the effect of glued soil mass consolidation, makes soil body density after the electric osmose dehydration, moisture content etc. keep even substantially.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the electric osmose operating process schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is an electric osmose principle of device block diagram in the embodiment of the invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is further described:
Embodiment one
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of electroosmosis method that is used for the dehydration of the large area high moisture percentage soil body, its operating procedure is as follows:
1, locatees, buries underground electrode, inserts band drain
Require accurately to bury electrode and slotting band drain underground behind the location according to layout, emit high 0.1m more than the ground, and irritate coarse sand, anodic-cathodic becomes parallel and is staggered, and receives on the respective electrode of special-purpose electric osmose device after being linked to be path with aluminium row respectively between the attribute electrode; For preventing that electric current from crossing large shunt from soil body surface, reduce the electric osmose effect and the galvanic corrosion effect takes place, should the above exposed metal section processes in anode and cathode ground is clean before the energising, be coated with one deck pitch, with the minimizing power consumption; Band drain and house steward's connector two ends fastening piece banding is with anti-gas-leak.
2, geotextiles, film cover
Lay the PVC composite geo-membrane, the sealing film is combined into a monoblock plastic foil greater than processing area at drying zone.After the first floor plastic foil has been laid, should check whether seam crossing has gas leakage, and in time repair, with spreading with using the earth bag press mold, the film that will complete that prevents to blow sweeps away or tears in the membrane process of shop, forbids that the constructor the hard end footwear operation or walking on film, in case film is scratched, when the shop film is finished, a spot of vacuum pump is installed is carried out work, the film that lays is held.
3, the vacuum precompressed of drawing water
Vacuum pump is bled, and makes draught head of the inside and outside generation of film, and this draught head is exactly the load that acts on the soil body.Along with constantly being discharged from of air in the film, draught head increases gradually, and the water in the soil body, gas constantly are discharged from and make the ground generation fixed.Draw water after the water yield of precompressed obviously reduces (be often referred to water flow and be reduced to below 20% of initial flow) in vacuum, connect power supply, carry out the electric osmose dehydration.
4, electric osmose operation
Connect the electric osmose power-supply device power supply, initial current be set, keep voltage, water yield ratio parameters such as (as 30%) that retention time, pulse are strengthened time, conduction time, intermittent time, the reverse of polarity, connect the water flow acquired signal.
Whole supply unit can adopt automatic operating, operational process as shown in Figure 2:
(1) constant current starts: it is 2 meters that 4 electrodes are imbedded the soil body degree of depth, the electric current of setting every electrode is 0.6 ampere, 27 volts of 1.2 amperes of initial currents and target voltage values, adopt the current stabilization way of output, be output current constant be 1.2 amperes initial current, output voltage this moment increasing along with the electric osmose dehydration;
(2) constant voltage keeps: transfer voltage stabilizing output to when output voltage reaches 27 volts of the target voltage values of setting, promptly output voltage is constant in target voltage values;
(3) pulse is strengthened: in process of holding constant, and the output voltage positive pulse voltage that on target voltage values, superposes, described pulse voltage is 25 volts, output voltage is a target voltage values during no pulse, 10 minutes cycles, dutycycle 40%, the time that constant voltage keeps and pulse is strengthened is 15 hours;
(4) intermittently power-on: energising and outage hocket, and cut off the power supply power-off time 10 hours after 15 hours in the energising that constant voltage keeps and pulse is strengthened at every turn, during outage, will export the both positive and negative polarity short circuit, with the electric charge of releasing, the vacuum of this moment is drawn water and is continued to keep, and outage finishes repeating step (2)～(3), back;
(5) polarity conversion: when water yield drop to electric osmose when beginning water yield 30% the time, the reversing of output voltage is about to that original negative pole becomes positive pole, positive pole becomes negative pole, correspondingly, also switch the vacuum position of drawing water, and repeating step (2)～(4); When water yield drop to polarity when beginning conversion water yield last time 30% the time, the polarity of output voltage changes again, and repeating step (2)～(4), reaches predetermined value until the moisture content of the soil body.
Start the electric osmose power-supply device, whether observation output current voltage condition is normal, can do necessary adjustment if need.
After the normal operation of equipment, arrangement personnel 24 hours are on duty, eliminating in time may occur as leaking faults such as vacuum, mesh obstruction, electromechanical equipment irregular operating, and carry out record on duty.
According to actual conditions, special-purpose electric osmose equipment can be made as automatic running status or manual running status.Embodiment two
Be with embodiment one difference:
(1) constant current starts: it is 5 meters that 6 electrodes are imbedded the soil body degree of depth, the electric current of setting every electrode is 0.5 ampere, 30 volts of 1.5 amperes of initial currents and target voltage values, adopt the current stabilization way of output, be output current constant be 1.5 amperes initial current, output voltage this moment increasing along with the electric osmose dehydration;
(2) constant voltage keeps: transfer voltage stabilizing output to when output voltage reaches 30 volts of the target voltage values of setting, promptly output voltage is constant in target voltage values;
(3) pulse is strengthened: in process of holding constant, and the output voltage positive pulse voltage that on target voltage values, superposes, described pulse voltage is 27 volts, output voltage is a target voltage values during no pulse, 15 minutes cycles, dutycycle 60%, the time that constant voltage keeps and pulse is strengthened is 20 hours;
(4) intermittently power-on: energising and outage hocket, and cut off the power supply power-off time 15 hours after 20 hours in the energising that constant voltage keeps and pulse is strengthened at every turn, during outage, will export the both positive and negative polarity short circuit, with the electric charge of releasing, the vacuum of this moment is drawn water and is continued to keep, and outage finishes repeating step (2)～(3), back;
(5) polarity conversion: when water yield drop to electric osmose when beginning water yield 20% the time, the reversing of output voltage is about to that original negative pole becomes positive pole, positive pole becomes negative pole, correspondingly, also switch the vacuum position of drawing water, and repeating step (2)～(4); When water yield drop to polarity when beginning conversion water yield last time 20% the time, the polarity of output voltage changes again, and repeating step (2)～(4), reaches predetermined value until the moisture content of the soil body.
Other step is with embodiment one.
Embodiment three
Be with embodiment one difference:
(1) constant current starts: it is 5 meters that 2 electrodes are imbedded the soil body degree of depth, the electric current of setting every electrode is 0.2 ampere, 25 volts of 1.0 amperes of initial currents and target voltage values, adopt the current stabilization way of output, be output current constant be 1.0 amperes initial current, output voltage this moment increasing along with the electric osmose dehydration;
(2) constant voltage keeps: transfer voltage stabilizing output to when output voltage reaches 25 volts of the target voltage values of setting, promptly output voltage is constant in target voltage values;
(3) pulse is strengthened: in process of holding constant, and the output voltage positive pulse voltage that on target voltage values, superposes, described pulse voltage is 20 volts, output voltage is a target voltage values during no pulse, 20 minutes cycles, dutycycle 50%, the time that constant voltage keeps and pulse is strengthened is 24 hours;
(4) intermittently power-on: energising and outage hocket, and cut off the power supply power-off time 20 hours after 24 hours in the energising that constant voltage keeps and pulse is strengthened at every turn, during outage, will export the both positive and negative polarity short circuit, with the electric charge of releasing, the vacuum of this moment is drawn water and is continued to keep, and outage finishes repeating step (2)～(3), back;
(5) polarity conversion: when water yield drop to electric osmose when beginning water yield 60% the time, the reversing of output voltage is about to that original negative pole becomes positive pole, positive pole becomes negative pole, correspondingly, also switch the vacuum position of drawing water, and repeating step (2)～(4); When water yield drop to polarity when beginning conversion water yield last time 60% the time, the polarity of output voltage changes again, and repeating step (2)～(4), reaches predetermined value until the moisture content of the soil body.
Other step is with embodiment one.
Adopt method of the present invention to carry out actual experiment.
Experiment shows: adopt the intermittently power-on of present technique, galvanic corrosion degree that the polarity conversion can make electrode to alleviate than the direct current electric osmose of constant voltage, fixed polarity, can save electrode material cost and construction cost 20%.
Be coated with in exploitation and the excavation of foundation pit and used present technique respectively enclosing the seabeach, the result shows: than accelerating 30% without the vacuum dehydration speed of electric osmose, accelerate 15% than the direct current electric osmose rate of water loss of constant voltage, fixed polarity, make the soil solidifying quickening.But the reduction of erection time 15%, saves energy 25%.Solved problems such as the relatively poor and anode electrode galvanic corrosion effect of the insurmountable electric osmose dewatering efficiency of dc source electric osmose dehydration technique of present fixed voltage, fixed polarity is serious, can improve dewatering efficiency, can cut down the consumption of energy again.
Claims (3)
1. an electro osmosis method that is used for the dehydration of the large area high moisture percentage soil body adopts the electro osmosis device to draw water in conjunction with vacuum the soil body is carried out processed, and it is characterized in that: the operating procedure of electro osmosis device is as follows:
(1) constant current starts: set initial current and target voltage values according to soil body electrical conductivity and embedding depth of electrode into, adopt the current stabilization way of output, promptly output current is constant is initial current, and this moment, output voltage increased along with the carrying out of electric osmose dehydration;
(2) constant voltage keeps: transfer voltage stabilizing output when output voltage reaches the target voltage values of setting to, promptly output voltage is constant in target voltage values;
(3) pulse is strengthened: in process of holding constant, the output voltage positive pulse voltage that on target voltage values, superposes, the amplitude of described pulse voltage is smaller or equal to target voltage values, output voltage is a target voltage values during no pulse, 10 to 20 minutes cycles, dutycycle 40% to 60%, the time that constant voltage keeps and pulse is strengthened is 15～24 hours;
(4) intermittently power-on: energising and outage hocket, cut off the power supply after 15～24 hours in the energising that constant voltage keeps and pulse is strengthened at every turn, power-off time was less than 20 hours, during outage, to export the both positive and negative polarity short circuit, with the electric charge of releasing, the vacuum of this moment is drawn water and is continued to keep, and outage finishes repeating step (2)～(3), back;
(5) polarity conversion: when water yield drop to electric osmose when beginning water yield 20～60% the time, the reversing of output voltage is about to that original negative pole becomes positive pole, positive pole becomes negative pole, correspondingly, also switch the vacuum position of drawing water, and repeating step (2)～(4); When water yield drop to polarity when beginning conversion water yield last time 20～60% the time, the polarity of output voltage changes again, and repeating step (2)～(4), reaches predetermined value until the moisture content of the soil body.
2. electro osmosis method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the establishing method of described initial current is, according to soil body electrical conductivity and embedding depth of electrode into, set initial current on each electrode, the linear electric current density of setting every electrode is 0.1～0.3 amperes per meter, guarantee that initial current is no more than 1.5 amperes on each electrode, all half of number of electrodes multiply by the initial current value on each electrode, is the total output current of electric osmose power supply.
3. electro osmosis method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described target voltage values is 25 to 30 volts.
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Families Citing this family (11)
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| CN102060427B (en) * | 2010-12-09 | 2014-12-17 | 宜兴能达环保科技有限公司 | Electroosmosis dewatering method and device of water-containing material |
| CN103711118A (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2014-04-09 | 邓立新 | High-voltage electric pulse enhanced vacuum preloading soft foundation treatment method |
| CN103901076B (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2016-03-02 | 河海大学 | A kind of electric osmose pilot system of Electrode influence factor switching time |
| CN104790378B (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2017-03-08 | 河海大学 | A kind of bracing means of vacuum pre-pressed joint circulation electric osmose and method |
| CN105714762B (en) * | 2016-02-01 | 2017-09-26 | 浙江大学 | Change and fill out compacting improvement soft clay electric osmose reinforcement means |
| CN109437511B (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2021-05-04 | 杭州渗源环境科技有限公司 | Sludge dewatering method |
| CN109425838B (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2021-07-27 | 杭州渗源环境科技有限公司 | Electroosmosis dehydration electrical parameter monitoring system and monitoring method thereof |
| CN109422443B (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2021-05-04 | 杭州渗源环境科技有限公司 | Power supply cluster control system and method for electroosmotic dehydration of sludge |
| CN110808679A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2020-02-18 | 江阴格格屋新材料科技有限公司 | Wiring process for treating soft foundation electric cabinet by electroosmosis process |
| CN114351683B (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-11-22 | 江南大学 | Device and method for electro-osmosis consolidation of high-water-content soft soil in hybrid power-on mode |
| CN114892834B (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2023-09-29 | 长沙同强电子科技有限公司 | Positive electrode grouping layout method of electroosmosis pulse anti-seepage dehumidification system |
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