CN101432424A - 不含淀粉分解活性的脯氨酸特异蛋白酶 - Google Patents
不含淀粉分解活性的脯氨酸特异蛋白酶 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
- C12N9/14—Hydrolases (3)
- C12N9/48—Hydrolases (3) acting on peptide bonds (3.4)
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23J—PROTEIN COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS; WORKING-UP PROTEINS FOR FOODSTUFFS; PHOSPHATIDE COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS
- A23J3/00—Working-up of proteins for foodstuffs
- A23J3/30—Working-up of proteins for foodstuffs by hydrolysis
- A23J3/32—Working-up of proteins for foodstuffs by hydrolysis using chemical agents
- A23J3/34—Working-up of proteins for foodstuffs by hydrolysis using chemical agents using enzymes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
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- C12N9/14—Hydrolases (3)
- C12N9/48—Hydrolases (3) acting on peptide bonds (3.4)
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Abstract
本发明涉及不含淀粉分解活性的脯氨酸特异蛋白酶制剂和用于获得根据本发明的酶制剂的纯化方法。
Description
本发明涉及用于生产脯氨酸特异蛋白酶制剂的工艺、由此获得的脯氨酸特异蛋白酶制剂及其用途,所述制剂基本上不含污染性的淀粉分解副活性。
脯氨酸特异蛋白酶形成了新兴的工业酶种类,其具有用于生产蛋白质水解产物以及在多种液体食品中预防浑浊的有利特性。例如,在WO02/45523中描述了通过脯氨酸特异蛋白酶从富含脯氨酸的蛋白质底物中生产的基本脱苦味的水解产物。蛋白质水解产物常被用于婴儿配方和临床营养品中。这些产品的目的在于防止蛋白质变应原性的发生和确保提供的蛋白质的有效代谢。针对具有非药物需要的消费者(例如运动员或处于减肥饮食中的人群)的产品中的蛋白质水解产物必须被制作为提供良好的味觉特征。这类蛋白质水解产物中的大部分得自牛乳蛋白质,几乎完全来自于牛乳的乳清蛋白级分。乳清蛋白用于该目的的普及性不仅基于许多国家中乳清蛋白比酪蛋白更便宜的事实,而且因为与乳清蛋白相反,酪蛋白在酶水解后会有显著的苦味。因为存在于牛乳中80%的蛋白质是酪蛋白,所以可安全地假设:这些酪蛋白起到了牛乳中乳清级分未满足的营养作用。因此,制造人能够消耗的酪蛋白水解产物具有可观的营养相关性和由此的经济学相关性。
脯氨酸特异蛋白酶的另一种有用的应用被描述于WO 02/046381中。在该应用中描述了一种酶方法,通过该方法可以在啤酒、葡萄酒和果汁中预防浑浊形成。在这些饮料中形成的浑浊通常代表了富含脯氨酸(“浑浊活性”)的蛋白质和植物多酚之间聚集物的胶体沉淀。在对啤酒、葡萄酒和果汁的生产中,蛋白质和多酚均在最初的生产阶段提取自分裂的植物和/或水果组织中。
在啤酒生产中,浑浊活性蛋白质以及多酚的主要部分提取自发芽的大麦中。得到的蛋白质-多酚沉淀物可最终导致瓶装啤酒中所谓的“冷浑浊(chill haze)”,所述沉淀物在啤酒发酵和成熟期间产生。对啤酒中这种冷浑浊形成的预防是技术上困难和昂贵的过程,该过程常规上使用聚乙烯聚吡咯烷酮(PVPP)或水化硅胶来处理。而与常规方法相反,根据WO02/046381的酶冷浑浊预防途径是相对便宜和简单的。在啤酒生产中,脯氨酸特异蛋白酶在发酵步骤期间添加,从而最小化啤酒氧化的风险。长孵育时间(整个发酵阶段期间)保证最低水平的脯氨酸特异蛋白酶足够降解所有的浑浊活性蛋白质。由于这些优点并将啤酒的巨大生产体积考虑在内,通过该酶方法可以获得的成本节约是可观的。
我们现已发现,在任意上述应用中使用脯氨酸特异蛋白酶时,脯氨酸特异蛋白酶优选地缺乏淀粉分解副活性是非常重要的。脯氨酸特异蛋白酶制剂中这些淀粉分解副活性的过高水平可能具有有害的副作用,因为相关的最终产物中存在多糖的分解。多糖级分的这种分解可导致例如固体终产物的软化甚至液化,或饮料(如啤酒)的口感被损害。因此提供基本上不含污染性的淀粉分解副活性的脯氨酸特异蛋白酶制剂是本发明的一个目的。
术语“脯氨酸特异蛋白酶”表示能够切割涉及脯氨酸残基的肽键的任何内切蛋白酶或外肽酶。也就是说,“脯氨酸特异蛋白酶”是在肽或蛋白质中包含脯氨酸残基的位置上切割肽或蛋白质的酶。能够切割这类肽键的内切蛋白酶的例子是脯氨酰寡肽酶(EC 3.4.21.26;Fülop et al.,Cell 1998,94,161-170)以及属于丝氨酸蛋白酶SC分支S28家族的内切蛋白酶(Edens etal.,J Agric Food Chem 53:7950-7957,2005;Handbook of Proteolytic Enzymes;Barrett A.J.;Rawlings N.D.;Woessner J.F.,Eds.;Academic Press,London,UK,1998,369-415)。在能够切割涉及脯氨酸残基的肽键的外切蛋白酶中,二肽基肽酶IV(EC 3.4.14.4)和二肽基肽酶II(EC 3.4.14.2)值得一提。
术语“淀粉分解副活性”表示能够水解多糖(例如淀粉、糊精、糖原等等)中1,4-α-D-糖苷键的任何酶活性。因此,术语“淀粉水解副活性”包括酶例如α-淀粉酶(EC 3.2.1.1)、β-淀粉酶(EC 3.2.1.2)、葡萄糖淀粉酶(EC 3.2.1.3)、葡聚糖1,4-α-麦芽糖水解酶(EC 3.2.1.133)以及这些活性的混合物。
术语“基本不含淀粉水解副活性”表示淀粉水解副活性以低水平存在,使得在各个生产工艺中有效剂量的脯氨酸特异蛋白酶活性下,所述生产工艺中不发生与如上所述的负面作用相关的、可观察到的多糖和寡糖的分解。这表示脯氨酸特异蛋白酶中可允许的污染性的淀粉分解副活性水平在生产工艺间有所不同,这取决于具体的工艺条件以及存在的多糖的水平和类型。
术语“基本不含淀粉分解副活性”也可以被表达为给定的淀粉分解副活性(按某单位计)除以给定的脯氨酸特异蛋白酶活性(按某单位计)的比例。该比例在生产工艺间可有所不同,其取决于生产工艺中使用的具体的脯氨酸特异蛋白酶,以及使用的具体的脯氨酸特异蛋白酶中存在的具体淀粉分解副活性。
根据本发明的分离方法的优点是:使用本发明的方法,脯氨酸特异蛋白酶的产率为至少65%,优选地至少75%,而残余淀粉分解活性(例如α-淀粉分解活性)一般为每PPU 5.0或更低FAU,例如每PPU 0.5或更低FAU,例如每PPU 0.05或更低FAU,例如每PPU 0.005或更低FAU,优选地0.0005或更低FAU/PPU。淀粉葡萄糖苷酶活性一般为每PPU 1或更少AGI,例如每PPU 0.5或更少AGI,例如每PPU 0.1 AGI或每PPU 0.01或更少AGI。FAU和PPU的定义在本申请的材料&方法章节中明确。该章节中还提供了葡萄糖淀粉酶活性(“AGI”)的定义。
在脯氨酸特异蛋白酶具有高于5.5的pH最适度的事件中,典型地,在例如37℃时在pH6.5下进行PPU测量,而不是在4.6和37℃下进行测量。
本发明第一方面提供了生产基本不含淀粉分解副活性的脯氨酸特异蛋白酶的工艺,所述工艺包括一个或多个液相色谱分离步骤,优选地包括单个色谱分离步骤。本领域已知许多不同的色谱分离方法,可对这些进行筛选,从而提供本发明的脯氨酸特异蛋白酶。合适的色谱分离方法包括离子交换色谱、亲和色谱、尺寸排除色谱、疏水相互作用色谱及其它。对本发明而言,优选地使用离子交换色谱和/或疏水相互作用色谱。
可以使用微生物如真菌、酵母和细菌,通过发酵工艺生产感兴趣的脯氨酸特异蛋白酶,所述微生物生产并优选地在发酵液中分泌感兴趣的脯氨酸特异蛋白酶。在本领域中,这类发酵工艺是已知的,参见例如WO02/45524。在现有技术的工艺中,可以通过本领域也已知的技术从发酵液中回收脯氨酸特异蛋白酶。第一步,可以通过离心或过滤从发酵液中分离生产用微生物的细胞。
如果脯氨酸特异蛋白酶被微生物分泌在发酵液中,则可以通过例如超滤来浓缩无细胞的发酵液,并通过已知的稳定剂如甘油或其它多元醇来稳定由此获得的脯氨酸特异蛋白酶制剂。
如果微生物不分泌脯氨酸特异蛋白酶而是将其保持在细胞内,则生产用生物必须被裂解,以释放相关的脯氨酸特异蛋白酶活性。在去除细胞碎片的另一个过滤或离心步骤后,可以如上所述针对分泌的脯氨酸特异蛋白酶浓缩并稳定液体级分。可以通过已知的沉淀和/或蒸发和/或(喷雾)干燥技术从任选被浓缩的脯氨酸特异蛋白酶溶液中获得固体制剂。
根据本发明的工艺,无细胞发酵液或无细胞碎片的液体级分必须经历一个或多个色谱分离步骤,从而提供本基本不含淀粉水解副活性的本发明的脯氨酸特异蛋白酶制剂。优选地,对未经添加甘油或多元醇稳定的制剂进行这类色谱分离步骤。选择最合适的色谱分离方法很大程度上取决于例如脯氨酸特异蛋白酶和污染性的淀粉分解活性的分子特征。相关特征包括等电点、疏水性、分子表面电荷分布、分子量和若干种其它蛋白质化学特性。在酶纯化中使用这些特征的实践背景可参见a.o.the Protein PurificationHandbook(由Amersham Pharmacia Biotech,nowadays GE Healthcare Bio-Sciences,Diegem,Belgium发布)。
然而,在下述情况下色谱分离步骤将更加复杂得多:脯氨酸特异蛋白酶不被微生物分泌,或淀粉分解副活性显示与脯氨酸特异蛋白酶的分子特征非常相似的分子特征。例如,相似的等电点代表了例如离子交换色谱中典型的困难,藉此生产用微生物分泌大量酶,其中之一为脯氨酸特异蛋白酶。在这些情况下,从污染性酶中纯化想要的脯氨酸特异蛋白酶并非不重要,如果该纯化必须以有成本效益的方式发生并以巨大的工业规模发生的话,则无疑不是不重要的。在广泛研究大量色谱树脂和洗脱方案后,我们能够设计一种可工业应用的、单柱分离方案,该方案能使得完全分离典型地具有非常相近的等电点的蛋白水解和多种淀粉水解活性。根据本发明用于来自A.niger的脯氨酸特异内切蛋白酶的优选的纯化方法利用离子交换或疏水相互作用色谱。这些纯化方法在本申请的实施例2中有所示例。
本发明第二方面提供了基本不含淀粉分解副活性的脯氨酸特异蛋白酶。这类脯氨酸特异蛋白酶可有利地用于其中多糖的分解是不想要或不期望的应用中。因为一些淀粉分解活性是相对热稳定的,所以它们倾向于在常用的酶灭活方案或产品巴氏消毒方案中存活。因此,使用脯氨酸特异蛋白酶生产的蛋白质水解产物可含有痕量的残余淀粉分解活性,如果该活性与多糖或寡糖组合配制则会引起严重的问题。因此,能够通过本发明的方法获得的脯氨酸特异蛋白酶优选地用于所有的产品,其中得到的蛋白质水解产物与含淀粉或麦芽糖糊精的化合物组合。优选地,该产品为固体(例如能量或蛋白质棒)、粉末(例如要被掺入婴儿配方中的粉末或制备摇混物(shake)形式的营养混合物的粉末),或产品可以是液体(如液体婴儿配方或能量饮品)。
另外,能够通过本发明的方法获得的脯氨酸特异蛋白酶可被有利地用于含大量活性酶的最终产品中。这类最终产品尤其被描述于WO2005/027953和我们的未决申请PCT/EP2007/000896中。这些最终产品与可含有小麦麸质的产品一起被消耗,目的是最小化毒性麸质表位的作用,这尤其适用于对麸质不耐受的人群,如乳糜泻患者(celiac patient)。
最后,能够通过本发明的方法获得的脯氨酸特异蛋白酶可以在所有来自植物的液体产品中用于预防浑浊。优选地,该来自植物的液体产品为啤酒。在后一应用中,使用能够通过本发明的方法获得的脯氨酸特异蛋白酶预防多糖和寡糖的过度降解,从而导致最终的啤酒的改进的口感。
材料和方法
脯氨酸特异性内切蛋白分解活性
使用CBZ-Gly-Pro-pNA(Bachem,Bubendorf,Switzerland)作为底物于37℃下在柠檬酸/磷酸二钠缓冲液pH4.6中测试来自A.niger的脯氨酸特异内切蛋白水解活性。在405nm用分光光度计测量监测反应产物。405nm处吸光度的及时提高是酶活性的度量。脯氨酸蛋白酶单位(PPU)被定义为在指出的条件下和0.37mM Z-Gly-Pro-pNA的底物浓度下,每分钟释放1μmol对-硝基苯胺的酶量。
α-淀粉酶活性
使用的α-淀粉酶测量方法基于Megazyme(R-CAAR-4;MegazymeInternational Ireland Ltd.,Bray,爱尔兰)提供的Ceralpha测试试剂盒。在该方法中,用“非还原的和末端封闭的对-硝基苯基麦芽庚糖苷(maltoheptaoside)”(BNPG7)加上过量水平的淀粉葡萄糖苷酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶来孵育样品。用内-作用的α-淀粉酶水解该寡糖后,过量的淀粉葡萄糖苷酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶存在于混合物中,导致与对-硝基苯基连接的底物的同时和定量的水解。在孵育中,90微升底物溶液与10微升样品溶液反应,所述样品溶液每ml含0.001和0.01之间的FAU。孵育425秒(在pH5.2和37℃下)后,终止孵育反应,并通过添加75微升碱性(20.5g/l)TRIS溶液显色。405nm处的颜色增加与样品中存在的淀粉分解酶活性成比例。对该方法而言,使用来自Aspergillus oryzae的含α淀粉酶的标准制剂来校准体系。该标准的活性被表达为FAU(真菌淀粉酶单位)。一个FAU被定义为每小时转化产物中一克可溶淀粉的酶量,所述产物在与碘反应后在620nm处具有与对照颜色相等的吸光度,所述反应在pH5.0和30℃下进行并具有15和25分钟之间的反应实践。对照颜色被定义为由100ml 0.01N盐酸中25.0g CoCl2.H2O和3.84重铬酸钾组成的CoCl2颜色标准的吸光度。因此,405nm处0.54的吸光度增加对应于每ml0.005FAU的淀粉酶活性。该方法的测量范围为每ml0.001到0.01FAU,这对应于0.11和1.1之间的吸光度增加。
淀粉葡萄糖苷酶活性
为了对样品中的淀粉分解外切活性家一定量,测量淀粉葡萄糖苷酶活性。使用由Megazyme International Ireland Ltd提供的淀粉葡萄糖苷酶测定试剂(R-AMGR3)。在37℃和pH4.50下使用对-硝基苯基-β-麦芽苷作为底物来测定淀粉葡萄糖苷酶活性。一个淀粉葡萄糖苷酶单位(AGI)被定义为在pH4.3和60℃下每分钟从可溶淀粉生产1μmol葡萄糖的酶量。对-硝基苯基-β-麦芽苷的酶水解导致对-硝基苯酚和纤维二糖的释放。通过试剂添加的过量的β-葡萄糖苷酶的存在确保了纤维二糖到葡萄糖的水解,防止纤维二糖对淀粉葡萄糖苷酶的竞争性抑制。在碱性条件下测定的对-硝基苯酚的定量释放是酶活性的度量。在孵育中,90微升的底物溶液与10微升的样品溶液反应,所述样品溶液每ml含1和6之间个AGI。孵育425秒后,通过添加75微升碱性(40.1g/l)TRIS溶液终止酶反应。随后在405nm波长处测量吸光度。对该方法而言,使用来自Aspergillus niger的淀粉葡萄糖苷酶标准制剂来校准体系。因此,405nm处0.4的吸光度增加对应于每ml3 AGI的淀粉葡萄糖苷酶活性。该方法的测量范围为每ml 1到6个AGI,这对应于0.14和0.80之间的吸光度增加。
糖模式分析
将通过离子交换色谱纯化的脯氨酸特异蛋白酶的样品在脱气的啤酒(Heineken Pilsener,Premium Quality)中稀释10倍,并在37℃孵育过夜。在Biorad Aminex HPX42A,300x 7.8mm柱上,分析经孵育的啤酒的糖模式,使用Biorad阳离子和阴离子交换器去除过量的盐。使用麦芽糖、麦芽三糖和α-环糊精水解产物作为分子量参照。通过使用葡萄糖校准获得定量信息。柱温度为85℃,0.5ml/分钟的MilliQ水流动。
实施例
实施例1
淀粉分解副活性对啤酒的多糖和糖组合物的作用
为了消除污染性的淀粉分解副活性的负面作用,向脱气的储藏啤酒中添加粗制的来自A.niger的脯氨酸特异内切蛋白酶制剂(cf.WO02/046381),并在37℃下孵育过夜。为了说明该情况,在该实验中使用过量的蛋白水解酶(1.0PPU/1啤酒,而0.25PPU/1啤酒的剂量应当多于足够防止浑浊的量)。作为对照,也向啤酒中添加相同的缓冲液体积(但是不含任何酶活性)并孵育过夜。第二天早晨,根据材料和方法章节中详述的步骤对两种啤酒样品进行糖分析。从获得的结果(见表1)明显看出:作为酶与脯氨酸特异内切蛋白酶粗制制剂孵育的结果,存在于储藏啤酒中的多糖几乎被完全降解,产生许多不同的寡糖以及葡萄糖。例如,参考啤酒样品中不存在的葡萄糖在经酶处理的啤酒中大量存在。如果这类转化在啤酒生产的发酵阶段发生,则酵母会快速地消耗所有的葡萄糖和麦芽糖,从而产生额外的乙醇。这类改变是可清楚地注意到的,因为它们改变了最终啤酒的口感以及乙醇百分比。该简单的实验证明了粗制的、脯氨酸特异的内切蛋白酶制剂中存在不想要的淀粉分解活性。
表1
糖/多糖 | 粗制的脯氨酸特异蛋白酶 | 参照 |
葡萄糖 | 57 | Nd |
DP2(麦芽糖) | 30 | 6 |
DP3(麦芽三糖) | 15 | 14 |
DP4(麦芽四糖) | 21 | 26 |
多糖 | 6 | 74 |
实施例2
从来自Aspergillus niger的脯氨酸特异内切蛋白酶中色谱去除淀粉分解副活
性
为了从WO 02/046381中详述的来自A.niger的脯氨酸特异内切蛋白酶制剂中去除淀粉分解副活性,筛选了大量的色谱树脂。就该目的而言,选择了阳离子交换器SP Sepharose 6FF和疏水相互作用(HIC)树脂丁基Sepharose 6FF(Amersham Biosciences Europe)。两种树脂均使用由UNICORN 3.20控制的 Explorer 100和由UNICORN 3.21控制的 Purifier与FRAC-950级分收集器组合在Tricorn 5/100柱(CV=2,2ml)中测试。洗脱后,使用材料和方法章节中指出的方法针对脯氨酸特异内切蛋白酶活性测试产生的所有级分。
使用来自A.niger的脯氨酸特异内切蛋白酶的渗滤物(diafiltrate)作为起始材料,在以下的条件下进行SP-Sepharose-6FF色谱,所述渗滤物具有10PPU/ml酶活性、pH4和约4mS/cm的电导率。
缓冲液A | 20mM柠檬酸,0.085M NaCl,pH3.0 |
缓冲液B | 20mM柠檬酸,1.0M NaCl,pH3.0 |
起始浓度B(%)/起始浓度(mS/cm) | 0/10.7 |
流速(ml/分钟) | 0.48 |
样品体积(ml) | 0.40 |
洗涤体积(CV) | 6.1 |
流出液和洗涤液级分大小(ml) | 1.0和11.0 |
梯度 | 10CV中为0-40%B;3CV中为100% |
洗脱液级分大小(ml) | 1.0 |
在使用的色谱条件下,蛋白酶与树脂结合,而主要的污染性的淀粉分解活性显示不结合。SP Sepharose色谱显示了可接受的蛋白质分解和淀粉分解活性分离,尽管发现蛋白酶和淀粉分解活性的等电点相差少于0.8个pH单位。
在以下的条件下进行HIC色谱。此处也使用来自A.niger的脯氨酸特异内切蛋白酶的渗滤物作为起始材料,所述渗滤物具有10PPU/ml的活性和pH4。使用含2M Na2SO4(pH4.2,G=121mS/cm)的20mM柠檬酸缓冲液将该渗滤物稀释两倍,随后在上样在柱上之前通过过滤(0.2μm)灭菌。
树脂 | 丁基Sepharose 6FF |
柱类型 | XK26 |
柱体积(ml) | 107 |
缓冲液A | 20mM柠檬酸+1M Na2SO4(pH4.2;G=94mS/cm) |
缓冲液B | 20mM柠檬酸+0.02M Na2SO4(pH4.2;G=6mS/cm) |
流速(ml/min) | 15(或170cm/h) |
平衡 | 0或20%缓冲液B(94或82mS/cm) |
样品体积(ml) | 76-77ml(用1M Na2SO4作为终浓度) |
洗涤液 | 对24CV为20%缓冲液B(83mS/cm) |
流出液和洗涤液级分大小(ml) | 38.5ml和总洗涤液体积的收集或流出液和洗涤液总选择 |
洗脱(步骤) | 对12或15CV为100%缓冲液B |
洗脱液级分大小(ml) | 10或50ml |
因为将酶上样在柱上后有可观的拖尾,所以需要长的洗涤步骤来获得基线分离。最后,可以用缓冲液B从柱上洗脱脯氨酸特异的内切蛋白酶。将含有脯氨酸特异蛋白分解活性的级分合并,并测量剩余的淀粉分解副活性后,获得表2中概括的数据。尽管被稀释,但是经纯化的材料显示显著更低的淀粉分解副活性,如果计算回原始蛋白分解活性也是如此(见括号中的数字)。
表2
样品 | 淀粉酶(RAU/ml) | 真菌淀粉酶(FAU/ml) | 淀粉葡萄糖苷酶**(AGI/ml) | 脯氨酸特异蛋白酶.(PPU/ml) |
粗制样品 | 14 | 59 | 21 | 10 |
纯化后 | 0.003(0.03) | 0.14(1.25) | <0.2(<1.79)) | 1.12(10) |
实施例3
经纯化的来自A.niger的脯氨酸特异内切蛋白酶不影响啤酒的麦芽糖糊精
组成
为了测试经色谱纯化的脯氨酸特异内切蛋白酶在啤酒中的性能,重复了实施例1中所述的实验。然而在该情况下,使用更现实的酶剂量,即粗制的和经纯化的酶以0.25PPU/1啤酒的活性来提供。再次使用不含酶活性的缓冲液作为空白在37℃下过夜的另一孵育后,再次测量多种啤酒样品中的糖模式。获得的数据(表3)阐明了用经纯化的酶孵育的啤酒中的糖模式与参考啤酒中的糖模式相同。用粗制的酶孵育(但是此次在现实的浓度下)的啤酒的糖模式仅轻微地而不是显著地与参考材料不同,因为其更高的DP2和DP3残余含量。应当注意:在现实的啤酒应用条件下,酶会存在于整个发酵和成熟过程中,从而即使小量的淀粉分解污染也会变得显著。
表3
糖/多糖 | 参考 | 粗制的脯氨酸特异蛋白酶 | 经纯化的脯氨酸特异蛋白酶 |
葡萄糖 | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. |
DP2 | 6 | 11 | 8 |
DP3 | 13 | 20 | 14 |
DP4 | 26 | 27 | 27 |
多糖 | 80 | 79 | 81 |
Claims (5)
1.用于生产脯氨酸特异蛋白酶制剂的工艺,所述制剂基本上不含污染性的淀粉分解副活性,所述方法包括使用液相色谱来纯化粗制的脯氨酸特异蛋白酶制剂。
2.能够通过权利要求1的工艺获得的脯氨酸特异蛋白酶制剂,所述制剂基本上不含污染性的淀粉分解副活性。
3.脯氨酸特异蛋白酶制剂用于制备饮料的用途,所述制剂基本上不含污染性的淀粉分解副活性。
4.脯氨酸特异蛋白酶制剂用于制备蛋白质水解产物的用途,所述制剂基本上不含污染性的淀粉分解副活性。
5.脯氨酸特异蛋白酶制剂用于提高对毒性小麦麸质表位的耐性的用途,所述制剂基本上不含污染性的淀粉分解副活性。
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