CN101362662A - 涂层缓释一次肥 - Google Patents
涂层缓释一次肥 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101362662A CN101362662A CNA2008100793169A CN200810079316A CN101362662A CN 101362662 A CN101362662 A CN 101362662A CN A2008100793169 A CNA2008100793169 A CN A2008100793169A CN 200810079316 A CN200810079316 A CN 200810079316A CN 101362662 A CN101362662 A CN 101362662A
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 73
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- YWYZEGXAUVWDED-UHFFFAOYSA-N triammonium citrate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O YWYZEGXAUVWDED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
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- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
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- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
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- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Landscapes
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
项目 | 涂层缓释肥 | 树脂型缓释肥料 | 硝化、脲酶抑制剂稳定肥料 |
缓释原理 | 采用与氮、磷、钾肥料颗粒表面具有较强的亲和能力和成膜特性的涂层材料,分别涂布在不同肥料颗粒表面,形成一层或多层包膜,成为 | 采用水分透过率很低的高分子树脂作为包衣材料,将其均匀喷涂于肥料颗粒表面,使其形成一层水分渗透性很低的树脂膜,土壤中的水分通过树脂膜进 | 通过硝化、脲酶抑制剂来抑制自然的土壤生化过程达到减缓作物养分有效供给的目标。消化抑制剂在一定时期内通过抑制土壤中亚硝化细菌的活性推迟铵离子的微生物氧 |
具有“控氮缓释、促磷增效、防钾淋失”功能。 | 入肥料颗粒内,将养分溶出膜外供作物吸收。 | 化;脲酶抑制剂在一定时期阻止和抑制尿素中酰胺态氮转化为氢氧化铵和铵,减缓土壤中尿素水解速度,减少氨的挥发损失。 | |
缓释功能 | 采用包膜与团絮结构模式实现延迟溶解、减速溶出、控制扩散、降低脲酶活性等缓释目标;增加螯合态微量元素供给。 | 采用包膜处理主要是控制养分溶出,功能效果比较单一。 | 在普通复合肥生产过程中加入适量消化抑制剂(DCD、TU等)、脲酶抑制剂(HQ、NBPT等)或两类的复合添加剂,起到抑制脲酶、亚消化细菌活性。 |
缓释效果 | 降低脲酶活性、增加土壤吸附缓释效应期200天,达到小麦、棉花等作物全生育期养分供应。适用于北方干旱、半干旱农作区。 | 养分溶出速度减慢,缓释期3~9个月,能够适用南方水田。 | 对土壤脲酶活性具有抑制作用、对土壤中消化细菌具有抑制作用。肥效期可达120天。不同气候、土壤条件缓释效果不一致。 |
安全性 | 包膜原料为有机无机混成液体,无毒,可作为营养液直接施用,无残留。 | 高分子树脂材料,化学性质稳定,短时期内不能降解,对作物无营养功能。 | 低毒,对人畜和作物安全,在土壤中极少量残留。部分原料有毒生产工程中应注意。 |
成本 | 加工设备简单;增加生产成本2%~3%; | 设备工艺复杂,增加生产成本多 | 在复合肥生产工艺中加入,增加成本2~3% |
应用效果(仅棉花) | 较习惯施肥产14.3%,养分利用率提高10个百分点(河北省辛集市土肥站 杨兆波试验《涂层缓释肥的研究与应用》) | 1、较习惯施肥增产10.83%(湖北省土肥站易妍睿《金正大控释肥应用于棉花试验效果》;2、涂层缓释一次肥与农博士缓释一次肥对比试验增产23%(烟台市农资科技公司) | 提高肥料利用率8.7个百分点,可使作物增产10%左右。(中国科学院沈阳生态所《长效复合肥添加剂鉴定材料》 |
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