CN101361467B - Common intertidal shellfish hybridization method - Google Patents
Common intertidal shellfish hybridization method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101361467B CN101361467B CN2008100134246A CN200810013424A CN101361467B CN 101361467 B CN101361467 B CN 101361467B CN 2008100134246 A CN2008100134246 A CN 2008100134246A CN 200810013424 A CN200810013424 A CN 200810013424A CN 101361467 B CN101361467 B CN 101361467B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 title claims description 33
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 241000620877 Ruditapes philippinarum Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000514719 Mactra quadrangularis Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001339782 Scapharca broughtonii Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009402 cross-breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 241000965254 Apostichopus japonicus Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000007850 degeneration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012214 genetic breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an improved crossing method of a common mudflat shellfish, comprising the steps: secondary instar parents of the mudflat shellfish from different geographic populations are collected; the sexual gland is matured simultaneously by eco-maturing; simple improved crossing between two geographic populations is carried out; a first filial generation of simple improved crossing is bred up by a three-stage method; the first filial generation of cross-breeding is carried out the improved crossing with an introduced population; the first filial generation of cross-breeding is carried out the progressive improved crossing with a native population so as to obtain a filial generation of improved crossing; on the basis of that, the steps are repeated, the filial generation of improved crossing is carried out back crossing with the parent population so as to lead the filial generation of cross-breeding to maintain the heterosis thereof. The operation of the method is simple and convenient, and has high practicability, effectively enhances the resistance capability of the mudflat shellfish against the drastic changes of environmental factors, namely, temperature, salinity and the like, causes the improvement of the growth and survivability thereof and leads the maintenance of heterosis, and lays the foundation for the development of the fine variety of mudflat shellfish with high yield and stress resistance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of seashells genetic breeding technology, the method for selecting for use two common intertidal shellfish with big hereditary difference geographical population to carry out improved crossing specifically.
Background technology
Crossbreeding is a main path of cultivating new varieties.By selecting for use kind, strain, colony and individuality to hybridize with merit, breed the hybrid population that meets the breeding requirement, production is had important guidance and practice significance.Hybridization can make parents' gene reconfigure, and forms various type, for selecting to provide abundant material; The excellent genes that genetic recombination can be controlled parents various trait is incorporated into one, or the different minor genes of the same proterties of control among the parents are accumulated, and is created in the type that surpasses the parent on this proterties respectively.
Improved crossing comprises simple improved crossing, introduces improved crossing, progressive improved crossing etc.Simple improved crossing is to determine breeding objective according to objective factors such as natural conditions, production needs and former local variety and quality local, at that time, use corresponding different cultivars (strain, colony) and make their each participation hybridization once, and in conjunction with directive breeding, with the advantage of different cultivars, comprehensively arrive the method for a kind of crossbreeding of new varieties.Introducing improved crossing is to introduce one improve the breed accordingly (strain, colony) to hybridize with local modified kind, obtains progressive first generation crossbreed (F
1).Then this crossbreed is backcrossed with introduced variety again, land to development aspect improving the breed to obtain on productivity, to show, and suitably keep some advantage of introduced variety.Progressive improved crossing is opposite with introducing improved crossing, is with crossbreed F
1Backcross with local improved seeds (strain, colony) again, so each is backcrossed some generations with local improved seeds continuously for hybrid, and, obtaining on productivity, and suitably keep original some advantage of land race significantly to development aspect improving the breed in conjunction with directive breeding.
At present, the hybridization of aquatic livestock is mainly concentrated in the simple improved crossing,, be easy to see crossbreeding effect, but hybrid generation has the phenomenon that hybrid vigour decline, proterties separate because this method is easy.Chinese invention patent number be CN101147473 disclosure of the Invention stichopus japonicus step-by-step hybrid breeding method.Though this method has improved the quality of stichopus japonicus, growth, survival and relevant degeneration-resistant proterties have been improved.But, compare single, crossbreed the offspring (〉 F of this invention improved crossing method with the present invention
2) deficiency that hybrid vigour decline, proterties separate still can take place.
Summary of the invention
It is poor that the present invention is intended to solve the germplasm resistance that current intertidal shellfish exists, and growth rate waits problem slowly.By two geographical population intertidal shellfishs that differ greatly, the three kinds of improved crossing methods that are mutually related, strengthened the resistivity of common intertidal shellfish effectively to envirment factor drastic changes such as temperature, salinity, make its growth, survival proterties obtain improvement, and can make crossbreed keep hybrid vigour always; The breeding method on shellfish is used of perfect improved crossing prevents the generation of hybrid generation hybrid vigour decay effectively; For solid foundation has been established in intertidal shellfish high-yield, anti-adversity exploitation.
The present invention gathers the intertidal shellfish parent of A, two different geographical populations of B, progressively carries out simple improved crossing, introduces improved crossing, progressive improved crossing, parent backcrosses, and makes hybrid generation keep its hybrid vigour always.Its specific embodiment may further comprise the steps:
The first step, the intertidal shellfish parent who gathers A, two different geographical populations of B select the harmless individuality of health in 2 ages to be the parent, and wherein A colony is an indigenous species, and B colony plants for introducing.
Second goes on foot, the parent who gathers is positioned over carries out ecological accelerating in the shrimp pond, through 6～12 months bottom sowing culture, ripe synchronously in the 2nd year sexual gland.
The 3rd step, employing diameter are that the electric drill of 0.6mm carries out parent's sex identification, after the discriminating, by dry in the shade, stimulation by running water, make parent's synchronous spawning row smart, carry out the positive and negative hybridization of colony according to the parent of A colony * parent's of B colony mode then, obtain the first filial generation (F of simple improved crossing
AB).
The 4th step, carry out forming of simple improved crossing first filial generation according to three-stage process in ecological shrimp pond, form cycle 〉=1 year, the autumn of the 3rd year or the 4th year, hybridization first filial generation and parent's sexual gland be maturation synchronously.
The 5th step, hybridization first filial generation (F
AB) * B the parent of colony introduces improved crossing; Hybridization first filial generation (F
AB) * A colony carries out progressive improved crossing, obtains the improved crossing first filial generation of two various combinations, and three-stage process is formed.
The 6th step, the 5th step of repetition, continued to backcross with the parent in the improved crossing first filial generation.
The present invention is applicable to the hybridization of managing variously between colony's shellfish parent of the same race, is applicable to Ruditapes philippinarum, Chinese clam, Mactra veneriformis, clam, clam, unravels silk common intertidal shellfishs such as razor clam, mud blood clam.
The present invention adopts ecological accelerating method to the parent, has overcome the geographic isolation between different geographical populations, and differences of Physiological such as sexual maturity and breeding are impelled sexual gland to grow smart ovum synchronously and discharged synchronously.The present invention has adopted hybridization modes such as progressively carrying out simple improved crossing, introduction improved crossing, progressive improved crossing, impels hybrid generation to remain hybrid vigour, prevents crossbreed generation filial generation decline, and its heterozygosity is constantly strengthened.Because positive and negative hybridization is all adopted in each hybridization, so can utilize parent's effect more fully, the most effective improved crossing filial generation that therefrom obtains.Compare with existing intertidal shellfish kind of culturing, the present invention has effectively strengthened the resistivity of intertidal shellfish to envirment factor drastic changes such as temperature, salinity, makes its growth, survival proterties obtain improvement, for intertidal shellfish high-yield, the exploitation of degeneration-resistant breeding are laid a good foundation.
Embodiment
Be embodiment with different geographical population Ruditapes philippinarums below, further specify the present invention, but be not construed as limiting the invention.
Embodiment 1
The first step, gather the Ruditapes philippinarum parent of Dalian colony and Putian colony:, select healthy harmless Dalian colony and the Ruditapes philippinarum parent of Putian colony in 2 ages in September, 2003.Wherein, Chinese Putian population growth is fast, and shell is thin, and heat resistance is strong; Dalian colony individuality is of moderate size, and shell is thick, and cold tolerance is strong.
Second step, two geographical population Ruditapes philippinarum parents' ecological accelerating: the parent who gathers is positioned over carries out ecological accelerating in the shrimp pond, through 12 months bottom sowing culture, in September, the 2004th, sexual gland was ripe synchronously.
The 3rd step, two the simple improved crossing of reason between colony: adopting diameter is that the electric drill of 0.6mm carries out parent's sex identification, after the discriminating, by dry in the shade, stimulation by running water, the parent is can synchronous spawning row smart; Carry out the positive and negative hybridization of colony according to the mode of Dalian colony * Putian colony then, obtain the first filial generation of simple improved crossing.
The 4th step, three-stage process forms simple improved crossing first filial generation: according to three-stage process in ecological shrimp pond, carry out forming of simple improved crossing first filial generation, form cycle 〉=1 year.Autumn in 2005, hybridization first filial generation and parent's sexual gland were ripe synchronously.
The 5th step, introducing improved crossing and progressive improved crossing:, hybridize first filial generation * Putian colony and introduce improved crossing with the 3rd step; Hybridization first filial generation * Dalian colony carries out progressive improved crossing, obtains the improved crossing first filial generation of two various combinations, and three-stage process is formed.
The 6th step, repeated for the 5th step,, will introduce the improved crossing filial generation and the parent of Putian colony backcrosses autumn in 2006; Grading up filial generation and the parent of Dalian colony backcross, and have obtained backcross progeny.
Through the backcross progeny that said method obtains, its growth rate has improved 40～60%, and survival rate has improved 60～80%.
Embodiment 2
The first step, gather the Ruditapes philippinarum parent of Guangxi China colony and Tokyo colony:, select healthy harmless Guangxi China colony and the Ruditapes philippinarum parent of Tokyo colony in 2 ages in September, 2004.Wherein, Guangxi China colony is individual big, and shell is thin, and heat resistance is strong; Tokyo colony individuality is of moderate size, and shell is thick, and cold tolerance is strong.
Second step, two geographical population Ruditapes philippinarum parents' ecological accelerating: the parent who gathers is positioned over carries out ecological accelerating in the shrimp pond, through 12 months bottom sowing culture, in September, the 2005th, sexual gland was ripe synchronously.
The 3rd step, two the simple improved crossing of reason between colony: adopting diameter is that the electric drill of 0.6mm carries out parent's sex identification, after the discriminating, by dry in the shade, stimulation by running water, the parent is can synchronous spawning row smart; Carry out the positive and negative hybridization of colony according to the mode of Guangxi China colony * Tokyo colony then, obtain the first filial generation of simple improved crossing.
The 4th step, three-stage process forms simple improved crossing first filial generation: according to three-stage process in ecological shrimp pond, carry out forming of simple improved crossing first filial generation, form cycle 〉=1 year.Autumn in 2006, hybridization first filial generation and parent's sexual gland were ripe synchronously.
The 5th step, introducing improved crossing and progressive improved crossing:, hybridize first filial generation * Tokyo colony and introduce improved crossing with the 3rd step; Hybridization first filial generation * Guangxi China colony carries out progressive improved crossing, obtains the improved crossing first filial generation (F of two various combinations
AB * B, F
AB * A), three-stage process is formed.
The 6th step, repeated for the 5th step,, will introduce the improved crossing filial generation and the parent of Tokyo colony backcrosses autumn in 2007; Grading up filial generation and the parent of Guangxi China colony backcross, and have obtained backcross progeny.
Through the backcross progeny that said method obtains, its growth rate has improved 90～150%, and survival rate has improved 90～120%.
Embodiment 3
The first step, gather the Ruditapes philippinarum parent of Chinese Putian colony and Tokyo colony:, select healthy harmless Chinese Putian colony and the Ruditapes philippinarum parent of Tokyo colony in 2 ages in September, 2005.Wherein, Chinese Putian population growth is fast, and shell is thin, and heat resistance is strong; Tokyo colony individuality is of moderate size, and shell is thick, and cold tolerance is strong.
Second step, two geographical population Ruditapes philippinarum parents' ecological accelerating: the parent who gathers is positioned over carries out ecological accelerating in the shrimp pond, through 12 months bottom sowing culture, in September, the 2006th, sexual gland was ripe synchronously.
The 3rd step, two the simple improved crossing of reason between colony: adopting diameter is that the electric drill of 0.6mm carries out parent's sex identification, after the discriminating, by dry in the shade, stimulation by running water, the parent is can synchronous spawning row smart; Carry out the positive and negative hybridization of colony according to the mode of Chinese Putian colony * Tokyo colony then, obtain the first filial generation of simple improved crossing.
The 4th step, three-stage process forms simple improved crossing first filial generation: according to three-stage process in ecological shrimp pond, carry out forming of simple improved crossing first filial generation, form cycle 〉=1 year.Autumn in the 2007th, hybridization first filial generation and parent's sexual gland were ripe synchronously.
The 5th step, introducing improved crossing and progressive improved crossing:, hybridize first filial generation * Tokyo colony and introduce improved crossing with the 3rd step; Hybridization first filial generation * Chinese Putian colony carries out progressive improved crossing, obtains the improved crossing first filial generation of two various combinations, and three-stage process is formed.
Through the introducing improved crossing filial generation that said method obtains, its growth rate has improved 30～50%, and survival rate has improved 50～70%; The grading up filial generation, its growth rate has improved 40～60%, and survival rate has improved 60～80%.
Embodiment 4
The first step, gather the Ruditapes philippinarum parent of Chinese Putian colony and Busan, Korea colony:, select healthy harmless Chinese Putian colony and the Ruditapes philippinarum parent of Busan, Korea colony in 2 ages in September, 2005.Wherein, Chinese Putian population growth is fast, and shell is thin, and heat resistance is strong; Busan, Korea colony individuality is of moderate size, and shell is thick, and cold tolerance is strong.
Second step, two geographical population Ruditapes philippinarum parents' ecological accelerating: the parent who gathers is positioned over carries out ecological accelerating in the shrimp pond, through 12 months bottom sowing culture, in September, the 2006th, sexual gland was ripe synchronously.
The 3rd step, two the simple improved crossing of reason between colony: adopting diameter is that the electric drill of 0.6mm carries out parent's sex identification, after the discriminating, by dry in the shade, stimulation by running water, the parent is can synchronous spawning row smart; Carry out the positive and negative hybridization of colony according to the mode of Chinese Putian colony * Busan, Korea colony then, obtain the first filial generation of simple improved crossing.
The 4th step, three-stage process forms simple improved crossing first filial generation: according to three-stage process in ecological shrimp pond, carry out forming of simple improved crossing first filial generation, form cycle 〉=1 year.Autumn in the 2007th, hybridization first filial generation and parent's sexual gland were ripe synchronously.
The 5th step, introducing improved crossing and progressive improved crossing:, hybridize first filial generation * Busan, Korea colony and introduce improved crossing with the 3rd step; Hybridization first filial generation * Chinese Putian colony carries out progressive improved crossing, obtains the improved crossing first filial generation of two various combinations, and three-stage process is formed.
Through the introducing improved crossing filial generation that said method obtains, its growth rate has improved 30～40%, and survival rate has improved 20～30%; The grading up filial generation, its growth rate has improved 20～30%, and survival rate has improved 30～40%.
Claims (3)
1. common intertidal shellfish hybridization method, it is characterized in that, gather the intertidal shellfish parent of A, two different geographical populations of B, progressively carry out simple improved crossing, introduce improved crossing, progressive improved crossing, parent backcrosses, its specific embodiment may further comprise the steps:
The first step, the intertidal shellfish parent who gathers A, two different geographical populations of B select the harmless individuality of health in 2 ages to be the parent, and wherein A colony is an indigenous species, and B colony plants for introducing;
Second goes on foot, the parent who gathers is positioned over carries out ecological accelerating in the shrimp pond, through 6～12 months bottom sowing culture, ripe synchronously in the 2nd year sexual gland;
The 3rd step, employing diameter are that the electric drill of 0.6mm carries out parent's sex identification, after the discriminating, by dry in the shade, stimulation by running water, make parent's synchronous spawning row smart, carry out the positive and negative hybridization of colony according to the parent of A colony * parent's of B colony mode then, obtain the first filial generation F of simple improved crossing
AB
The 4th step, carry out forming of simple improved crossing first filial generation according to three-stage process in ecological shrimp pond, form cycle 〉=1 year, the autumn of the 3rd year or the 4th year, hybridization first filial generation and parent's sexual gland be maturation synchronously;
The 5th step, hybridization first filial generation F
ABThe parent of * B colony introduces improved crossing, hybridization first filial generation F
ABThe parent of * A colony carries out progressive improved crossing, obtains the improved crossing first filial generation F of two various combinations
AB * B, F
AB * A, three-stage process is formed;
The 6th step, the 5th step of repetition, continued to backcross with the parent in the improved crossing first filial generation.
2. a kind of common intertidal shellfish hybridization method according to claim 1 is characterized in that being applicable to the hybridization of managing variously between colony's shellfish parent of the same race.
3. a kind of common intertidal shellfish hybridization method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the intertidal shellfish that is suitable for is Ruditapes philippinarum, Chinese clam, Mactra veneriformis, clam, clam, unravels silk razor clam, mud blood clam.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2008100134246A CN101361467B (en) | 2008-09-25 | 2008-09-25 | Common intertidal shellfish hybridization method |
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| CN2008100134246A CN101361467B (en) | 2008-09-25 | 2008-09-25 | Common intertidal shellfish hybridization method |
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| CN101361467A CN101361467A (en) | 2009-02-11 |
| CN101361467B true CN101361467B (en) | 2011-07-20 |
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| CN2008100134246A Expired - Fee Related CN101361467B (en) | 2008-09-25 | 2008-09-25 | Common intertidal shellfish hybridization method |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103749365B (en) * | 2014-01-26 | 2015-07-01 | 大连海洋大学 | Artificial interspecific hybridization method for ruditapes variegata and ruditapes philippinarum |
| CN103814847B (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2015-12-02 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | A kind of perfume (or spice) is mixed the breeding method of oyster new lines of backcrossing |
| CN103814867B (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2016-01-20 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | A kind of breeding method growing the assorted oyster strain that backcrosses |
| CN106386605B (en) * | 2016-09-08 | 2020-09-22 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Construction method of positive and negative backcross families of exopalaemon carinicauda |
| CN106508760B (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2019-03-12 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | A kind of selection of bay scallop high temperature resistant new lines |
| CN112673996A (en) * | 2019-11-02 | 2021-04-20 | 海南青利水产繁殖有限公司 | Method for cultivating golden seedlings |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1399870A (en) * | 2001-08-03 | 2003-03-05 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Selective cross breeding method of shellfishes |
| CN1552202A (en) * | 2003-05-29 | 2004-12-08 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Method for breeding scallops by hybrid |
| CN1823580A (en) * | 2005-02-25 | 2006-08-30 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Hybridization method for obtaining shellfish hybrid superiority |
| CN101103708A (en) * | 2007-08-16 | 2008-01-16 | 大连水产学院 | Three-element crossed breeding method for Japanese scallop |
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2008
- 2008-09-25 CN CN2008100134246A patent/CN101361467B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1399870A (en) * | 2001-08-03 | 2003-03-05 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Selective cross breeding method of shellfishes |
| CN1552202A (en) * | 2003-05-29 | 2004-12-08 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Method for breeding scallops by hybrid |
| CN1823580A (en) * | 2005-02-25 | 2006-08-30 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Hybridization method for obtaining shellfish hybrid superiority |
| CN101103708A (en) * | 2007-08-16 | 2008-01-16 | 大连水产学院 | Three-element crossed breeding method for Japanese scallop |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| JP特开2001-161206A 2001.06.19 |
| 张国范等.贝类杂交及杂种优势理论和技术研究进展.《海洋科学》.2004,第28卷(第7期), * |
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