CN101368527B - Hydrogen gas fuel internal combustion engine, its hydrogen gas injection system and combustion method - Google Patents
Hydrogen gas fuel internal combustion engine, its hydrogen gas injection system and combustion method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101368527B CN101368527B CN2008100217732A CN200810021773A CN101368527B CN 101368527 B CN101368527 B CN 101368527B CN 2008100217732 A CN2008100217732 A CN 2008100217732A CN 200810021773 A CN200810021773 A CN 200810021773A CN 101368527 B CN101368527 B CN 101368527B
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 216
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000009841 combustion method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 199
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 199
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
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Abstract
The invention relates to a hydrogen fuel internal-combustion engine and the hydrogen injection system and the combustion method thereof; part of the liquid hydrogen fuel is vaporized and injected into the engine inlet manifold by the gas channel hydrogen injector via the gas channel injector fuel supply system; the hydrogen injected into the engine inlet manifold is mixed with the air to enter the combustion chamber; part of the liquid hydrogen fuel is compressed to be injected into the combustion chamber by the high pressure hydrogen injector inside the cylinder. The combination of the two fuel supply modes improves the power performance of the engine, avoids the abnormal combustion situation and reduces the hydrogen intensity inside the gas inlet channel; thereby, the abnormal combustion such as the backfire is avoided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of hydrogen injection system of hydrogen fuel internal-combustion engine, also relate to a kind of internal-combustion engine and combustion method thereof that uses this system.
Background technique
At present, existing hydrogen fuel internal-combustion engine adopts gas-duct jetting, cylinder outer premix, the perhaps single form of in-cylinder direct injection more.The hydrogen of gas-duct jetting hydrogen-fuel engine sprays in each cylinder intake duct, hydrogen with enter cylinder again after air mixes in air flue, this has limited the speed of response and the burning control of fuel supply to a certain extent, thereby has limited the lifting of engine power performance and Economy.In addition, in traditional intake port injection motor, remaining hydrogen can cause the generation of abnormal combustion phenomenon such as tempering in the air flue; And hydrogen in the cylinder and air gas mixture trend that pre-ignition and pinking are arranged in compression stroke, not only influence the efficient of motor, also can shorten engine life greatly.The in-cylinder direct injection hydrogen-fuel engine is that liquid hydrogen fuel is passed through high pressure nozzle, when the compression stroke terminal point, be directly injected in the engine chamber, because liquid hydrogen temperature is very low, cause the phenomenon that combustion thermal efficiency is low, cold start-up is difficult easily in the cold start-up stage, abnormal combustion phenomenons such as pre-ignition take place simultaneously easily.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of hydrogen injection system of hydrogen fuel internal-combustion engine; Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of internal-combustion engine and combustion method thereof that uses this system.
Vehicle hydrogen fuel combustion in IC engine method and apparatus provided by the present invention has influenced engine power performance, Economy, emission performance and startability etc. in order to solve existing vehicle hydrogen fuel combustion in IC engine method and apparatus because of the speed of response of fuel supply and burning control are restricted.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
When engine operation, a part of liquid hydrogen fuel sprays into air flue at the intake manifold place behind overflash, carries out premixing with air; Part liquid hydrogen fuel sprays into engine chamber by the hydrogen fuel nozzle when the compression stroke terminal point.Combine by two kinds of fuel supply modes, when improving engine power performance, avoid occurring abnormal combustion phenomenon.
Concrete combustion method is that motor fuel has two supply passages: the liquid hydrogen fuel reservoir of (), low temperature is in hydrogen gas storing device, extract out by hydrogen pump, and after the hydrogen filter cleaner filters, part Liquid Hydrogen fuel vaporization back sprays into engine charge by air flue hydrogen injection device mixes with air, forms the premixing inflammable gas in the firing chamber; (2), a part of Liquid Hydrogen fuel after pressure-limit valve and pressure stabilizing cavity are adjusted fuel pressure, spray into engine chamber by cylinder inner high voltage spray hydrogen device in the engine compresses stroke end.(3), plug ignition makes mixture combustion.(4), the gas after the burning is discharged motor through air outlet flue, and through catalyst converter tail gas is handled.
The device of this vehicle hydrogen fuel combustion in IC engine comprises piston, firing chamber, air outlet flue, catalyst converter, cylinder inner high voltage spray hydrogen device, pressure stabilizing cavity, pressure-limit valve, intake duct, air flue hydrogen injection device, vaporizer, three-way valve, the hydrogen filter cleaner, hydrogen pump, hydrogen gas storing device, ECU, spark plug.Spark plug, intake duct, air outlet flue, cylinder inner high voltage spray hydrogen device all are connected with the firing chamber, cylinder inner high voltage spray hydrogen device is connected with pressure stabilizing cavity, pressure-limit valve, hydrogen filter cleaner, hydrogen pump and hydrogen storing mechanism, the outlet of air flue hydrogen injection device is connected with intake duct, and air flue hydrogen injection device inlet is connected with hydrogen filter cleaner, hydrogen pump and hydrogen storing mechanism successively.
Twin channel mixing jetting hydrogen fuel internal-combustion engine is that two kinds of fuel supply modes are combined, and adopts suitable injection proportion and discharge time, when promoting engine power performance, has well solved hydrogen-fuel engine cold start-up problem.Twin channel mixing jetting hydrogen fuel I. C engine combustion system and burning method for organizing, be mainly used in the hydrogen fuel internal-combustion engine, can make the engine combustion hydrogen fuel in that conditional electronic fuel injection petrol engine is changed on the less basis, thereby substitute traditional petroleum-based energy.
Concrete technological scheme is as follows:
A kind of hydrogen injection system of hydrogen fuel internal-combustion engine comprises hydrogen gas storing device, cylinder inner high voltage spray hydrogen device, air flue hydrogen injection device and vaporizing unit; Wherein, the operative liquid hydrogen fuel in the hydrogen gas storing device enters inlet manifold of IC engine through air flue hydrogen injection device after being vaporized by vaporizing unit, and the operative liquid hydrogen fuel in the hydrogen gas storing device sprays into combustion chambers of internal combustion engines by cylinder inner high voltage spray hydrogen device.
Also comprise a pressure stabilizing cavity and a pressure-limit valve, be arranged between hydrogen gas storing device and the cylinder inner high voltage spray hydrogen device that described pressure-limit valve and pressure stabilizing cavity are adjusted fuel pressure.
Also comprise a hydrogen filter cleaner and a hydrogen pump, this hydrogen pump is extracted liquid hydrogen fuel out from hydrogen gas storing device, and send the hydrogen filter cleaner to filter.
Described vaporizing unit is a vaporizer; This hydrogen injection system also comprises a three-way valve, and the hydrogen fuel after it filters the hydrogen filter cleaner is delivered to this vaporizer and pressure-limit valve respectively.
Also comprise an ECU (Electrical Control Unit) ECU, it reads MAP according to engine operating condition, by adjusting air flue hydrogen injection device and cylinder inner high voltage spray hydrogen device injection pulse width, the ratio of two kinds of fuel supply patterns of control.
A kind of hydrogen fuel internal-combustion engine that uses above-mentioned hydrogen injection system, comprise piston, the firing chamber, air outlet flue, intake duct, spark plug, wherein, spark plug, intake duct, the cylinder inner high voltage spray hydrogen device of air outlet flue and described hydrogen injection system all is connected with the firing chamber, and the air flue hydrogen injection device of described hydrogen injection system exports and is connected with intake duct.
Also comprise a catalyst converter, it is connected with air outlet flue, and gas is handled by catalyst converter before discharging motor in the air outlet flue.
A kind of combustion method of above-mentioned hydrogen fuel internal-combustion engine is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) the liquid hydrogen fuel reservoir of low temperature is extracted out by hydrogen pump in hydrogen gas storing device, and filters through the hydrogen filter cleaner;
(2) spray into engine inlets by air flue hydrogen injection device after a part of Liquid Hydrogen fuel vaporization and mix, in the firing chamber, form the premixing inflammable gas with air;
(3) a part of Liquid Hydrogen fuel sprays into engine chamber by cylinder inner high voltage spray hydrogen device after pressure-limit valve and pressure stabilizing cavity are adjusted fuel pressure;
(4) plug ignition makes mixture combustion;
(5) gas after the burning is discharged motor through air outlet flue, and through catalyst converter tail gas is handled.
Described Liquid Hydrogen fuel in the step 3 sprays into engine chamber by cylinder inner high voltage spray hydrogen device in the engine compresses stroke end.
The vaporization of liquid hydrogen described in the step 2 is undertaken by a vaporizer, and two-part Liquid Hydrogen fuel in the step 2 and 3 is separated by a three-way valve and transmits.
Compare with present prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is embodied in:
Twin channel mixing jetting hydrogen fuel internal-combustion engine is that two kinds of fuel supply modes are combined, and a part of fuel sprays in the air flue, carries out premixing.Part fuel directly sprays in the engine chamber, by the accurate control to the jet moment and jet pulsewidth, thereby accurately controls jet amount.Compare with the hydrogen engine of mono-fuel supply form, Twin channel mixing jetting hydrogen fuel internal-combustion engine can adopt higher compression ratio, brings the advantage of aspects such as high power output, high response speed, also can solve problems such as engine cold-start simultaneously.
The high-pressure gaseous hydrogen fuel at compression stroke initial stage direct cylinder injection, is accurately controlled discharge time and injection pulse width by electronic control unit,, also can reduce density of hydrogen in the intake duct, thereby avoid taking place abnormal combustion such as tempering with accurate control spray hydrogen amount.
Twin channel mixing jetting hydrogen-fueled internal combustion engine device disclosed by the invention, particularly the hydrogen fuel internal-combustion engine adopts the fuel supply controlling method that gas-duct jetting and in-cylinder direct injection combine, and belongs to motor car engine, combustion in IC engine technical field.It comprises fuel supply system, firing chamber, spark plug, air flue, piston etc., and simple, safe and reliable, the inexpensive practicality of system architecture is suitable for plug ignition hydrogen fuel internal-combustion engine.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: Twin channel mixing jetting hydrogen fuel internal-combustion engine arrangement;
Fig. 2: the essential structure figure of combustion system;
Description of reference numerals: piston 1, firing chamber 2, air outlet flue 3, catalyst converter 4, cylinder inner high voltage spray hydrogen device 5, pressure stabilizing cavity 6, pressure-limit valve 7, intake duct 8, air flue hydrogen injection device 9, vaporizer 10, three-way valve 11, hydrogen filter cleaner 12, hydrogen pump 13, hydrogen gas storing device 14, ECU 15, spark plug 16.
Embodiment
Describe the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings below, it is a kind of preferred embodiment in the numerous embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is applied to the essential structure figure of Twin channel mixing jetting hydrogen engine for this combustion system, by piston 1, and firing chamber 2, air outlet flue 3, catalyst converter 4, cylinder inner high voltage spray hydrogen device 5, pressure stabilizing cavity 6, pressure-limit valve 7, intake duct 8, air flue hydrogen injection device 9, vaporizer 10, three-way valve 11, hydrogen filter cleaner 12, hydrogen pump 13, hydrogen gas storing device 14, ECU 15, spark plug 16; Form.Fig. 2 is a Twin channel mixing jetting hydrogen fuel internal-combustion engine arrangement structural drawing, mainly by piston 1, and firing chamber 2, cylinder inner high voltage spray hydrogen device 5, spark plug 16, intake duct 8 is formed.
Mode of execution one: in the engine cold-start stage, hydrogen is sprayed in the intake duct by air flue hydrogen injection device, to solve the problem of hydrogen-fuel engine cold start-up difficulty.
Mode of execution two: when full engine load or high load working condition, hydrogen is directly sprayed in the firing chamber by cylinder inner high voltage spray hydrogen device, to improve engine power performance and Economy.
Mode of execution three: when motor is in partial load condition, Engine ECU is according to nominal data control air flue hydrogen injection device and cylinder inner high voltage spray hydrogen device opening time and open lasting pulsewidth, control the air inflow of two kinds of intake methods, so that the engine combustion optimum.
Twin channel mixing jetting hydrogen-fuel engine machine combustion system of the present invention, by with behind a part of liquid hydrogen carburretion, through the gas-duct jetting fuel supply system, spray into engine intake manifold by air flue hydrogen injection device, and after mixing, air enters the firing chamber; Part liquid hydrogen fuel is directly sprayed into liquid hydrogen fuel in the firing chamber by cylinder inner high voltage spray hydrogen device through the pressurization back.ECU reads MAP according to engine operating condition, by adjusting air flue hydrogen injection device and cylinder inner high voltage spray hydrogen device injection pulse width, the ratio of two kinds of fuel supply patterns of control.
In conjunction with top fundamental diagram the technical program is further described,
A kind of hydrogen injection system of hydrogen fuel internal-combustion engine comprises hydrogen gas storing device 14, cylinder inner high voltage spray hydrogen device 5, air flue hydrogen injection device 9 and vaporizing unit; Wherein, the operative liquid hydrogen fuel in the hydrogen gas storing device 14 enters inlet manifold of IC engine through air flue hydrogen injection device 9 after being vaporized by vaporizing unit, and the operative liquid hydrogen fuels in the hydrogen gas storing device 14 spray into combustion chambers of internal combustion engines by cylinder inner high voltage spray hydrogen device 5.Also comprise a pressure stabilizing cavity 6 and a pressure-limit valve 7, be arranged between hydrogen gas storing device 14 and the cylinder inner high voltage spray hydrogen device 5 that 6 pairs of fuel pressures of described pressure-limit valve 7 and pressure stabilizing cavity are adjusted.Also can comprise a hydrogen filter cleaner 12 and a hydrogen pump 13, this hydrogen pump 13 is extracted liquid hydrogen fuel out from hydrogen gas storing device 14, and send hydrogen filter cleaner 12 to filter.Described vaporizing unit is a vaporizer 10; This hydrogen injection system also comprises a three-way valve 11, and the hydrogen fuel after it filters hydrogen filter cleaner 12 is delivered to this vaporizer 10 and pressure-limit valve 7 respectively.Also comprise an ECU (Electrical Control Unit) ECU15, it reads MAP according to engine operating condition and treats to explain into Chinese, by adjusting air flue hydrogen injection device and cylinder inner high voltage spray hydrogen device injection pulse width, the ratio of two kinds of fuel supply patterns of control.
A kind of hydrogen fuel internal-combustion engine that uses above-mentioned hydrogen injection system, comprise piston 1, firing chamber 2, air outlet flue 3, intake duct 8, spark plug 16, wherein, spark plug 16, intake duct 8, the cylinder inner high voltage spray hydrogen device 5 of air outlet flue 3 and described hydrogen injection system all is connected with firing chamber 2, and the air flue hydrogen injection device 9 of described hydrogen injection system exports and is connected with intake duct 8.Also comprise a catalyst converter 4, it is connected with air outlet flue 3, and gas is handled by catalyst converter 4 before discharging motor in the air outlet flue 3.
A kind of combustion method of above-mentioned hydrogen fuel internal-combustion engine is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) the liquid hydrogen fuel reservoir of low temperature is extracted out by hydrogen pump 13 in hydrogen gas storing device 14, and filters through hydrogen filter cleaner 11;
(2) spray into engine inlets 8 by air flue hydrogen injection device 9 after a part of Liquid Hydrogen fuel is vaporized by vaporizer 10 by three-way valve 11 and mix, in firing chamber 2, form the premixing inflammable gas with air;
(3) a part of Liquid Hydrogen fuel after pressure- limit valve 7 and 6 pairs of fuel pressures of pressure stabilizing cavity are adjusted, sprays into engine chamber 2 by cylinder inner high voltage spray hydrogen device 5 in the engine compresses stroke end by three-way valve 11;
(4) spark plug 16 igniting make mixture combustion;
(5) gas after the burning is discharged motor through air outlet flue 3, and handles through 4 pairs of tail gas of catalyst converter.
In conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention has been carried out exemplary description above; obviously specific implementation of the present invention is not subjected to the restriction of aforesaid way; as long as the various improvement of having adopted method design of the present invention and technological scheme to carry out; or directly apply to other occasion without improvement, all within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the hydrogen injection system of a hydrogen fuel internal-combustion engine is characterized in that, comprises hydrogen gas storing device (14), cylinder inner high voltage spray hydrogen device (5), air flue hydrogen injection device (9) and vaporizing unit; Wherein, after operative liquid hydrogen fuel in the hydrogen gas storing device (14) is vaporized by vaporizing unit, enter inlet manifold of IC engine through air flue hydrogen injection device (9), the operative liquid hydrogen fuel in the hydrogen gas storing device (14) sprays into combustion chambers of internal combustion engines by cylinder inner high voltage spray hydrogen device (5).
2. hydrogen injection as claimed in claim 1 system, it is characterized in that, also comprise a pressure stabilizing cavity (6) and a pressure-limit valve (7), described pressure stabilizing cavity (6) and described pressure-limit valve (7) all are arranged between hydrogen gas storing device (14) and the cylinder inner high voltage spray hydrogen device (5), and described pressure-limit valve (7) and pressure stabilizing cavity (6) are used for fuel pressure is adjusted.
3. hydrogen injection as claimed in claim 1 or 2 system, it is characterized in that, also comprise a hydrogen filter cleaner (12) and a hydrogen pump (13), this hydrogen pump (13) is extracted liquid hydrogen fuel out from hydrogen gas storing device (14), and send hydrogen filter cleaner (12) to filter.
4. hydrogen injection as claimed in claim 3 system is characterized in that described vaporizing unit is a vaporizer (10); This hydrogen injection system also comprises a three-way valve (11), and the hydrogen fuel after described three-way valve (11) filters hydrogen filter cleaner (12) is delivered to this vaporizer (10) and pressure-limit valve (7) respectively.
5. as claim 1 or 2 or 4 described hydrogen injection systems, it is characterized in that, also comprise an ECU (Electrical Control Unit) ECU (15), described ECU (Electrical Control Unit) ECU (15) reads MAP according to engine operating condition, by adjusting air flue hydrogen injection device and cylinder inner high voltage spray hydrogen device injection pulse width, the ratio of two kinds of fuel supply patterns of control.
6. the hydrogen fuel internal-combustion engine of use such as the described hydrogen injection of claim 1-5 system, it is characterized in that, comprise piston (1), firing chamber (2), air outlet flue (3), intake duct (8), spark plug (16), wherein, spark plug (16), intake duct (8), the cylinder inner high voltage spray hydrogen device (5) of air outlet flue (3) and described hydrogen injection system all is connected with firing chamber (2), and the air flue hydrogen injection device (9) of described hydrogen injection system exports and is connected with intake duct (8).
7. hydrogen fuel internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, also comprises a catalyst converter (4), and it is connected with air outlet flue (3), and the interior gas of air outlet flue (3) is handled by catalyst converter (4) before discharging motor.
8. the combustion method as claim 6 or 7 described hydrogen fuel internal-combustion engines is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) the liquid hydrogen fuel reservoir of low temperature is extracted out by hydrogen pump (13) in hydrogen gas storing device (14), and filters through hydrogen filter cleaner (11);
(2) spray into engine inlets (8) by air flue hydrogen injection device (9) after a part of Liquid Hydrogen fuel vaporization and mix, in firing chamber (2), form the premixing inflammable gas with air;
(3) a part of Liquid Hydrogen fuel sprays into engine chamber (2) by cylinder inner high voltage spray hydrogen device (5) after pressure-limit valve (7) and pressure stabilizing cavity (6) are adjusted fuel pressure;
(4) spark plug (16) igniting makes mixture combustion;
(5) gas after the burning is discharged motor through air outlet flue (3), and through catalyst converter (4) tail gas is handled.
9. the combustion method of hydrogen fuel internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, the described Liquid Hydrogen fuel in the step (3) sprays into engine chamber (2) by cylinder inner high voltage spray hydrogen device (5) in the engine compresses stroke end.
10. the combustion method of hydrogen fuel internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, the vaporization of liquid hydrogen described in the step (2) is undertaken by vaporizer (10), and two-part Liquid Hydrogen fuel in step (2) and the step (3) is separated by three-way valve (11) and transmits.
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