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CN101339182A - Propellant combustion tail gas quantitatively measuring device - Google Patents

Propellant combustion tail gas quantitatively measuring device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101339182A
CN101339182A CNA2008101506848A CN200810150684A CN101339182A CN 101339182 A CN101339182 A CN 101339182A CN A2008101506848 A CNA2008101506848 A CN A2008101506848A CN 200810150684 A CN200810150684 A CN 200810150684A CN 101339182 A CN101339182 A CN 101339182A
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China
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hole
piston
bar
test chamber
pawl
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CNA2008101506848A
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CN101339182B (en
Inventor
胡岚
张皋
郑林
高朗华
王婧娜
周岚
张婷
周文静
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Xian Modern Chemistry Research Institute
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Xian Modern Chemistry Research Institute
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Abstract

The invention discloses a quantitative measurement device of components of propellant powder burning tail gas, the device is characterized in that one end of a transmitting tube is connected with an electric ignition cable switch with an ignition groove; the big end of a piston is matched with the inner wall of the transmitting tube in a sliding way, while the small end of the piston is connected with a pawl arrester; an automatic control heating device and a pressure regulation device are adopted to ensure high constant temperature and stable air pressure of an air test chamber; an air outlet of the transmitting tube and an air inlet of the air test chamber are connected. When a measured propellant powder sample arranged on the ignition groove is burned, the burned gas of the propellant powder pushes the piston to move until the big end of the piston slides over the air outlet, the burned gas can enter the air test chamber; the above process truly simulates the whole process that a pill flies off a bouche from the ignition, when the piston moves to the position of maximum working stroke of the burned gas and then is locked. The burned gas entering the air test chamber is directly detected by a probe of a related sensor in real time; at last, each sensor gets the corresponding quantitative data of the components of the propellant powder burning tail gas. The quantitative measurement device has the advantages of accurate test result as well as good repeatability.

Description

Propellant combustion tail gas quantitatively measuring device
Technical field
The invention belongs to fiery explosive technical field, relate generally to a kind of behavior of powder proving installation, relate in particular to a kind of measurement mechanism that can estimate with the insensitiveness propellant combustion tail gas firearms, think that the safety in utilization assessment of all types of gun propellants provides data.
Background technology
Using increasing insensitiveness propellant powder, to have muzzle smog big, level of residue is many in the gun barrel, shortcomings such as the tail gas amount is many, this is the clean combustion difficult problem that novel propellant powder development can not be avoided, for this reason, can accurately test the tail gas characteristic of gun propellant combustion, seem particularly important for the novel propellant powder of further investigation.The tail gas characteristic characterizes with its component and content thereof usually.At present, the test to the propellant powder combustion gas all is to utilize closed bomb vessel or similar device to produce gas both at home and abroad, collects by the gas sampling bag again, takes methods such as gas chromatography, gas detecting tube, absorption spectrum to finish the composition quantitative test at last.Because closed bomb vessel mainly is to be used to study the variety classes propellant powder isolated plant of pressure and time relationship under certain condition, and can bring following problem when using it for the combustion tail gas that produces gunpowder: first, the tail gas production process of gunpowder sample combustion is in the constant volume state in closed bomb vessel, and in firearms when emission, be in the transfiguration state because of the motion of bullet in barrel makes the tail gas production process of gun propellant combustion, gunpowder burns under above-mentioned two kinds of different conditions, the tail gas component that is produced is not on all four, therefore, gunpowder can not characterize the tail gas characteristic that gunpowder burns and produced fully at the tail gas that the closed bomb vessel burning is produced in the firearms emission process.The second, when collecting the high temperature and high pressure gas of closed bomb vessel generation,, make gas soluble in water such as ammonia (NH because the unexpected variation of temperature, pressure makes the hydrogenesis in the combustion gas with the gas production bag 3), oxides of nitrogen (NO x), hydrogen chloride dissolvings such as (HCl), seriously disturb the test of tail gas composition.The 3rd, owing to can't accurately control artificial sampling process and the analysis opportunity of quantizing, experimental data repeated very poor can't satisfy the requirement to the gas component quantitative test.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, at the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of propellant combustion tail gas quantitatively measuring device is provided, the tail gas production process when this device not only can be simulated true firearms emission bullet, but also can carry out the real-time quantitative test to the tail gas that is produced.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, propellant combustion tail gas quantitatively measuring device provided by the invention comprises several sensors of being used to measure the propellant combustion tail gas characteristic, gas test chamber, controls heating arrangement, pressure adjustment assembly, electric igniter, power valve, T type rhabodoid piston, first stage clip, detent automatically, described gas test chamber is the double-decker obturator, which is provided with the instrument connection of air admission hole, vent port and the respective numbers of leading to inner chamber, described automatic control heating arrangement can be the gas test greenhouse heating and makes it keep constant temperature; Described pressure adjustment assembly links to each other with the vent port of gas test chamber, and its effect is to make the gaseous tension of gas test chamber and external atmosphere pressure balance, and the probe of described several sensors is installed in respectively in the instrument connection of gas test chamber; Described electric igniter is provided with the igniting groove and contains the jet plug of some pores, and igniting groove one end is adjacent with the fire in a stove before fuel is added, and the other end is adjacent with jet plug; Described power valve front end is provided with internal thread, is provided with locating surface on the inwall at about 1/4 place of distance power valve front end face, and is provided with a vent hole in the scope of distance front end face 1/3~1/2, and vent hole links to each other by the air admission hole of pipeline with described gas test chamber; Described electric igniter is threaded with the front end of described power valve, and described piston is arranged in power valve, and the big newel post face of piston and the inwall of power valve are slidingly matched and seal; Described detent contains pawl bar, two ratchet locking pieces and pawl base, contain the frustum that numerous size is identical and orientation is consistent on the pawl bar, the ratchet locking piece is made of locking screw, locking bar, the 3rd stage clip, locking bar is the rhabodoid that an end has the inclined-plane, locking bar is arranged in the center pit and the two ends of locking screw and stretches out, the 3rd stage clip is compressive state and is enclosed within on the locking bar and two ends are connected with locking bar and locking screw respectively, and pawl base has horizontal through hole and with vertical first, second horizontal bench through hole that passes through mutually of horizontal through hole and be fixed on the test platform; Described pawl bar is arranged in the horizontal through hole of described pawl base, and the small end of pawl bar front end and described piston is connected, described first compression spring sleeve on the thin bar of piston and the two ends of first stage clip be connected with big end of piston and pawl bar front end respectively; When the initial position of measurement mechanism of the present invention, piston is under the spring power effect of first stage clip, its large end face withstands on the locating surface of power valve, two ratchet locking pieces are separately fixed in described first, second horizontal bench through hole, under the 3rd stage clip effect, the sloped roof of described locking bar is on one of them conical surface of pawl bar.
According to the present invention, described detent also comprises a return leading screw, the front end of return leading screw and the fixed support on the test platform are connected, its rear end handle that then is connected, also be provided with the tapped through hole parallel with horizontal through hole below described pawl base horizontal through hole, described return leading screw cooperates with described tapped through hole and makes pawl base be suspended on the testing table top; During turning handle, described pawl base can be done translation motion along the return leading screw; When the initial position of measurement mechanism of the present invention, described pawl base is positioned at handle one end of return leading screw, and the rear of described pawl bar is positioned at the horizontal through hole of described pawl base.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is embodied in the following aspects.
(1) the present invention's barrel, bullet and bullet of simulating true firearms overall process of bouche that flies out from lighting a fire to by power valve, piston and the piston motion process in power valve, that is to say, after tested propellant powder sample is lighted by electric igniter, the high-temperature gas of its generation is equivalent to the tail gas of bullet, promote the lower piston setting in motion and the space between the large end face of electric igniter afterbody and piston in the power valve is increased gradually at tail gas, simulated the transfiguration process when bullet is launched thus; When vent hole on the power valve is crossed in piston motion, a large amount of tail gas enter in the gas test chamber, and this moment, power valve internal pressure bust was simulated the moment that bullet penetrates bouche thus.
(2) the present invention's probe that will be used for measuring several sensors of tail gas component and content thereof is installed in the instrument connection of gas test chamber, and when tail gas entered the gas test chamber by power valve, each sensor just can be tested the tail gas performance in real time.In addition, make the gas test chamber keep constant high temperature, prevented the hydrogenesis in the combustion gas well by automatic control heating arrangement; By pressure adjustment assembly the gas test chamber is kept and the ambient pressure balance, thus guaranteed the indoor gas of gas test under unified condition by sensor measurement.Compare with the analysis method for gases of gas production bag coupling with using closed bomb vessel, the present invention has avoided the personal error in sampling, the measuring process, and test result is accurate, favorable repeatability.
(3) detent of setting of the present invention not only can lock the piston that motion puts in place, prevented that effectively the vent hole that causes in the first stage clip effect lower piston counter motion from stopping up, but also can be after end of test (EOT), discharge most of energy that first stage clip gathers by rotating the return leading screw earlier, and then piston is returned to initial position, thereby make the locating surface generation impact of piston and power valve when preventing the piston return because of the energy of first stage clip is excessive by the dump energy of first stage clip.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the main assembly synoptic diagram of propellant combustion tail gas quantitatively measuring device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that the structure of electric igniter among Fig. 1 is formed synoptic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the interactively synoptic diagram of ratchet locking piece and pawl bar in the detent shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of pawl base shown in Figure 3.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, the preferred embodiment of propellant combustion tail gas quantitatively measuring device of the present invention comprises electric igniter 1, piston 2, power valve 3, the tail-hood that has center pit, detent 4, gas test chamber 5, first stage clip 6, controls heating arrangement 8, pressure adjustment assembly 9, four measuring sensor (not shown) automatically.The design of first stage clip 6 should be based on gun interior ballistics principle and law of conservation of energy, and scatter and disappear according to the theory acting ability of different tested propellant powder samples and corresponding energy and to design and to be processed into plurality of specifications, first stage clip 6 is formed by the 30CrMnSi material of φ 5~10mm specification.In the use of measurement mechanism of the present invention, can select first stage clip 6 of corresponding specification for use according to the energy size of tested propellant powder sample.Gas test chamber 5 is double-layer seal cavity right cylinders of being made by stainless steel material, which is provided with four instrument connections of air admission hole, vent port and φ 10~15mm towards inner chamber.Automatically control heating arrangement 8 comprises commercial circular-pump and heating fuel tank (model is Dyx-y), and its temperature-controlled precision is at ± 1 ℃.Circular-pump communicates with the top interlayer of gas test chamber 5 by stop valve, heating fuel tank communicates with the bottom interlayer of body test cabinet 5 by stop valve, what circular-pump made heating fuel tank adds deep fat reciprocation cycle between heating fuel tank and gas test chamber 5 interlayers, thereby make gas test chamber 6 remain on the constant high temperature state, the temperature constant in this preferred embodiment gas test chamber 5 is at 105 ± 3 ℃.Pressure adjustment assembly 9 is selected commercially available medical oxygen airbag (its model is Shanghai SY-42) for use, pressure adjustment assembly 9 links to each other with vent port on the gas test chamber 5 by the interior polishing stainless steel pipe of φ 10~20mm, to guarantee in the gas test chamber 5 and ambient pressure balances (being about 1.0atm).The four measuring sensor is respectively the sensor that is used to measure carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen monoxide, oxygen concentration.The probe 7 of above-mentioned four sensors is installed in respectively in four instrument connections of gas test chamber 5, and measurement result shows by the data terminal of sensor.
According to shown in Figure 2, electric igniter 1 mainly comprises body 1-1, conductive plugs 1-2, fire in a stove before fuel is added assembly 1-3, jet plug 1-4.Body 1-1 is the convex cylindrical body and is made by the withstand voltage steel material of high-quality, its small cylinder is provided with external thread, also is provided with combination bore, the stepped hole that fire in a stove before fuel is added assembly 1-3 is installed that conductive plugs 1-2 is installed, the threaded hole of placing the igniting groove of tested propellant powder sample and jet plug 1-4 being installed successively along body 1-1 central axis.Conductive plugs 1-2 contains key, leads picker bar, igniting pin, second stage clip, gland, first insulation sleeve, second insulation sleeve, taper sheath.Key is the convex cylinder that small end has conehead, and its center is provided with the mounting hole of respective shapes, and small cylinder is provided with external thread.Second compression spring sleeve on the igniting pin and both be placed on gland in the center pit of leading picker bar, igniting pin one end is stretched out by the gland center pit; Lead mounting hole and igniting pin one end of putting into key on the picker bar outer cover behind first insulation sleeve and stretched out by the conehead center, the igniting needle guard that stretches out has second insulation sleeve.Terminal screw is housed on the key large end face and by leading of stretching out of key large end face the wiring nut is housed on the picker bar, the conehead of key is with taper sheath.Conductive plugs is placed in the combination bore of body and the external thread of key is threaded with body, and the conehead position is placed in the taper hole of combination bore, and second insulation sleeve is placed on the straight hole place of combination bore.Fire in a stove before fuel is added assembly 1-3 contains the fire in a stove before fuel is added, packing ring, gland, and the fire in a stove before fuel is added is selected the nitrocotton medicament for use, and the fire in a stove before fuel is added and packing ring are positioned at the aperture of body 1-1 stepped hole and igniting needle section and pass the packing ring center and contact with the fire in a stove before fuel is added, and gland is threaded with the macropore of body 1-1 stepped hole.Be evenly equipped with four pores on the middle circumference of jet plug 1-4 end face, jet plug 1-4 is connected with the threaded hole of body 1-1.
Again referring to Fig. 1, power valve 3 is made by metal material, its front end and tail end are respectively equipped with internal thread and external thread, are provided with the circular orientation face on the inwall at about 1/5~1/4 place of distance front end, are provided with a threaded vent hole on the tube wall in distance front end 1/3~1/2 scope.Vent hole on the power valve 3 links to each other by the air admission hole of metallic conduit with gas test chamber 5, and the body 1-1 of electric igniter 1 and tail-hood are threaded with the front end and the tail end of power valve 3 respectively.Piston 2 is T type rhabodoids of being made by metal material, its big end right cylinder is provided with seal groove and O-ring seal, piston 2 is arranged in power valve 3, the big newel post face of piston 2 and the inwall of power valve 3 are slidingly matched, and pawl bar 4-1 (referring to Fig. 3) front end in the small end of piston 2 and the detent 4 is connected and pawl bar 4-1 is stretched out by the center pit of tail-hood.First stage clip 6 is enclosed within on the thin bar of piston 2 and the two ends of first stage clip 6 are welded on the big end of piston 2 and the front end of pawl bar respectively.When initial position of the present invention, the big end end face of piston 2 contacts with the circular orientation face in the power valve 3 and first stage clip 6 is relaxation state.In power valve 3, formed space is called as the firing chamber between the jet plug 1-4 of electric igniter 1 and the large end face of piston 2.
According to shown in Figure 3, detent 4 contains pawl bar 4-1, two ratchet locking piece 4-2, pawl base 4-3 and return leading screw 4-4.The ratchet and the afterbody that are arranged with numerous direction unanimity on the pawl bar 4-1 are provided with anti-drop block, and it is that the big small end of frustum is connected with isodiametric cylinder separately respectively that each ratchet is frustum and the assembly of two cylinders, and the height of two cylinders is less than the height of frustum.Ratchet locking piece 4-2 is made of locking screw, locking bar, the 3rd stage clip: locking screw is selected wing bolt for use, is provided with the center step through-hole in it; One end of locking bar has the broken line face corresponding with the ratchet conical surface and small column face; Locking bar is arranged in the center step through-hole and the two ends of locking screw and stretches out, and the 3rd stage clip is compressive state and is enclosed within on the locking bar and two ends are welded on the endoporus of locking bar and locking screw respectively.The effect of the 3rd stage clip is, do not having under the external force effect, and giving locking bar all the time is coupling mechanism force towards the acting force of its broken line face direction motion.Pawl base 4-3 have horizontal through hole 4-31 and with vertical first, second horizontal bench through hole 4-32, the 4-33 (referring to Fig. 4) that passes through mutually of horizontal through hole, the macropore of first, second horizontal bench through hole 4-32,4-33 is provided with internal thread, simultaneously, below horizontal through hole 4-31, also be provided with parallel with it tapped through hole 4-34.Pawl bar 4-1 is arranged in the horizontal through hole 4-31 of pawl base 4-3, two ratchet locking piece 4-2 are placed on respectively among first, second horizontal bench through hole 4-32, the 4-33, its locking screw is threaded with the macropore of first, second horizontal bench through hole of pawl base 4-32,4-33 respectively, under the effect of the 3rd stage clip, the broken line face of locking bar 4-1 is locked on the roundlet cylinder and circular conical surface of a ratchet.Tapped through hole on return leading screw 4-4 and the pawl base 4-3 is connected, and the front end of return leading screw 4-4 is connected on the fixed support on the test platform, and the other end is fixed with handle, turning handle, and pawl base 4-3 can do translation motion along return leading screw 4-4.When the initial position of measurement mechanism of the present invention, pawl base 4-3 is positioned at handle one end of return leading screw 4-4, and the rear of pawl bar 4-1 is arranged in the horizontal through hole 4-31 of pawl base 4-3.
Narrate use of the present invention and mechanism below in conjunction with preferred embodiment.
At first, open automatic control heating arrangement 8 and pressure adjustment assembly 9, make the temperature of gas test chamber 5 remain on 105 ± 3 ℃, and pressure and ambient pressure balance.Then, primer charge wrapped put into the little storehouse that igniter head 1 fire in a stove before fuel is added packing ring and fire in a stove before fuel is added gland form, put into the igniting groove of electric igniter 1 and build jet plug 1-4 after tested propellant powder sample is cut into the segment weighing; Electric igniter 1 is screwed into the front end of power valve 3, and power lead is received on the terminal screw and wiring nut of electric igniter 1.Under the effect of electric current, the fire in a stove before fuel is added tested propellant powder sample of igniting in the groove that ignite, the high-temperature fuel gas of its generation sprays in the firing chamber of power valve 3 from the pore of jet plug.Be accompanied by combustion process, gaseous tension in the firing chamber constantly rises, when gaseous tension reaches certain value, just promoting piston 2 begins to slide fast and make first stage clip begin stacking energy, meanwhile, in the moving of its conical surface, promoted the outwards slip and leave latched position of two locking bars by the ratchet of two locking bars locking on the pawl bar, make piston 2 be able to smooth slip.When the large end face of piston 2 slipped over the vent hole position of power valve 3, a large amount of high-temperature fuel gas in the firing chamber entered gas test chamber 5 by metallic conduit.At this moment, four sensor probes 7 that are installed in the instrument connection are sent constantly into corresponding sensor with the combustion gas signal that detects, thereby obtain each components contents value in the combustion tail gas of tested propellant powder sample.Continuous slip along with piston 2, the energy that first stage clip 6 is built up is in continuous increase, constantly flow into gas test chamber 5 and be accompanied by gas, tail gas pressure in the firing chamber but weakens gradually, when the opposition that produces because of compression when first stage clip 6 and the tail gas pressure of firing chamber reach balance, instantaneous halted state appears in the athletic meeting that piston 2 drives pawl bar 4-1, at this moment, two locking bars are under the effect of the 3rd stage clip, stretch to its over against a ratchet the conical surface and pawl bar is locked, in case in the sensor test process, vent hole is stopped up in piston 2 resiliences.After end of test (EOT), rotate return leading screw 4-4 handle, make pawl base 4-3 move to the front end of return leading screw 4-4, thereby driving piston 2 moves to the initial position direction, discharge most of energy that first stage clip 6 is built up thus, then, unclamp wing bolt, shift piston 2 onto in the power valve 3 circular orientation face place by the dump energy of first stage clip 6, counter-rotation handle again, make pawl base 4-3 move to handle place and pawl bar 4-1 rear, tighten wing bolt immediately and make locking bar locking pawl bar, wait for test next propellant powder sample.

Claims (2)

1. propellant combustion tail gas quantitatively measuring device, comprise several sensors that are used to measure the propellant combustion tail gas characteristic, gas test chamber [5], it is characterized in that: also comprise automatic control heating arrangement [8], pressure adjustment assembly [9], electric igniter [1], power valve [3], T type rhabodoid piston [2], first stage clip [6], detent [4], described gas test chamber [5] is the double-decker obturator, which is provided with the air admission hole that leads to inner chamber, the instrument connection of vent port and respective numbers, described automatic control heating arrangement [8] can be gas test chamber [5] and heat and make it keep constant temperature; Described pressure adjustment assembly [9] links to each other with the vent port of gas test chamber [5], and its effect is to make the gaseous tension of gas test chamber [5] and external atmosphere pressure balance, and the probe of described several sensors [7] is installed in respectively in the instrument connection of gas test chamber [5]; Described electric igniter [1] is provided with the igniting groove and contains the jet plug [1-4] of some pores, and igniting groove one end is adjacent with the fire in a stove before fuel is added, and the other end is adjacent with jet plug [1-4]; Described power valve [3] front end is provided with internal thread, on the inwall at about 1/4 place of distance power valve [3] front end face, be provided with locating surface, and in the scope of distance front end face 1/3~1/2, being provided with a vent hole, vent hole links to each other by the air admission hole of pipeline with described gas test chamber [5]; Described electric igniter [1] is threaded with the front end of described power valve [3], and described piston [2] is arranged in power valve [3], and the inwall of the big newel post face of piston [2] and power valve [3] is slidingly matched and seals; Described detent [4] contains pawl bar [4-1], two ratchet locking pieces [4-2] and pawl base [4-3], contain the frustum that numerous size is identical and orientation is consistent on the pawl bar [4-1], ratchet locking piece [4-2] is by locking screw, locking bar, the 3rd stage clip constitutes, locking bar is the rhabodoid that an end has the inclined-plane, locking bar is arranged in the center pit and the two ends of locking screw and stretches out, the 3rd stage clip is compressive state and is enclosed within on the locking bar and two ends are connected with locking bar and locking screw respectively, pawl base [4-3] have horizontal through hole [4-31] and with horizontal through hole [4-31] vertical pass through mutually first, the second horizontal bench through hole [4-32,4-33] and be fixed on the test platform; Described pawl bar [4-1] is arranged in the horizontal through hole [4-31] of described pawl base [4-3], the small end of pawl bar [4-1] front end and described piston [2] is connected, and described first stage clip [6] is enclosed within on the thin bar of piston [2] and the two ends of first stage clip [6] are connected with big end of piston [2] and pawl bar [4-1] front end respectively; When the initial position of measurement mechanism of the present invention, piston [2] is under the spring power effect of first stage clip [6], its large end face withstands on the locating surface of power valve [3], two ratchet locking pieces [4-2] are separately fixed in described first, second horizontal bench through hole [4-32,4-33], under the 3rd stage clip effect, the sloped roof of described locking bar is on one of them conical surface of described pawl bar [4-1].
2. propellant combustion tail gas quantitatively measuring device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described detent [4] also comprises a return leading screw [4-4], the front end of return leading screw [4-4] and the fixed support on the test platform are connected, its rear end handle that then is connected, also be provided with and the parallel tapped through hole of horizontal through hole [4-31] in the below of described pawl base [4-3] horizontal through hole [4-31], described return leading screw [4-4] cooperates with described tapped through hole and makes pawl base [4-3] be suspended on the test platform top; During turning handle, described pawl base [4-3] can be done translation motion along return leading screw [4-4]; When the initial position of measurement mechanism of the present invention, described pawl base [4-3] is positioned at handle one end of return leading screw [4-4], and the rear of described pawl bar [4-1] is positioned at the horizontal through hole [4-31] of described pawl base [4-3].
CN2008101506848A 2008-08-20 2008-08-20 Propellant combustion tail gas quantitatively measuring device Expired - Fee Related CN101339182B (en)

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CN101339182B CN101339182B (en) 2012-01-04

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CN106767136A (en) * 2017-02-17 2017-05-31 南京理工大学 A kind of thorax mouthful smog collecting box
CN108895930A (en) * 2018-08-28 2018-11-27 西安近代化学研究所 A kind of non-ideal constraint explosion acting ability and power-measuring device
CN108895930B (en) * 2018-08-28 2020-07-17 西安近代化学研究所 Non-ideal explosive explosion work-doing capacity and power measuring device
CN109632320A (en) * 2018-12-04 2019-04-16 南京理工大学 A kind of simulation high speed rotation engine
CN109632320B (en) * 2018-12-04 2020-12-04 南京理工大学 Simulation high-speed rotary engine

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