CN101295922A - Soft starting device capable of implementing linear control - Google Patents
Soft starting device capable of implementing linear control Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a soft start device that can realize linear control, which comprises a working circuit, a soft start circuit and a start control circuit; the working circuit comprises a DC power source, a load capacitance, a power tube and a feedback circuit which are connected between the DC power source and the load capacitance and also a soft start circuit and a start control circuit, and the power tube is provided with a control end; the soft start circuit comprises a voltage generator, the output voltage of which is increased gradually after start, and an error amplifier, the input end of which is connected with the output end of the voltage generator; the input end of the error amplifier is connected between the output end of the power tube and the ground, while the output end of the error amplifier is connected to the control end of the power tube; when the start control circuit detects that the start begins, the soft start circuit is set to be in normal working state and a feedback circuit is set to be in off working state. The adoption of the device of the invention can avoid surge current at the moment when the power source charges the load capacitance at the instance when the circuit is electrified, can repeatedly use the existing error amplifier in the original circuit structure and save the areas and energy consumption of chips.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electronic circuit field, relate in particular to a kind of soft starting device.
Background technology
As shown in Figure 1, mainly comprising of Step-Down buck converter (Buck) circuit: power supply V
BAT, main power tube Q2, synchronous rectification switch Q1 (Q1 also can be replaced by rectifier diode or Schottky diode), inductance L and load R
LOADWith load capacitance C
OUTWherein, feedback control loop comprises: be connected on output V
OUTWith ground V
SSBetween two divider resistance R
F1And R
F2, error amplifier EA, comparator C OMP and drive circuit (Drive Circuit).By divider resistance R
F1And R
F2Sampling and outputting voltage obtains V
FB, V
FBWith reference voltage V
REFTwo inputs of difference error originated from input amplifier, its output signal V
EAOAt reverse input end through slope compensation (Slope Comp) back input comparator, PWM (pulse width modulation) signal that the generation duty ratio of comparing with the triangular signal of a fixed slope can change, this pwm signal is directly controlled the opening time and the turn-off time of two power tubes behind overdrive circuit, come regulated output voltage V
OUTBe set point.
Output voltage and V
REFWith divider resistance R
F1And R
F2Relation as shown in the formula:
Output voltage and the pass of input voltage when stable state are simultaneously:
V
OUT=D×V
BAT
During stable state, the gain of feedback control loop has guaranteed that two signals of error amplifier input are identical, i.e. V
REF=V
FBThereby, obtain stable output voltage V
OUTWherein D is expression V
OUTAnd V
BATThe parameter of proportionate relationship.
This circuit causes load capacitance or load to damage when starting sometimes, and simultaneously for the limited power supply of driving force, voltage is drawn very lowly during startup, can influence the operate as normal of other circuit.In fact, for adopting power tube concerning capacitive load carries out the operating circuit of break-make control, all can have similar problem when starting, for example above-mentioned situation also can occur in Step-Up booster converter circuit such as (Boost).
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of soft starting device of realizing Linear Control, the surge current that produces when avoiding power on circuitry moment power supply that load capacitance is charged.
The applicant analyzes foregoing circuit, at the moment that circuit has just been switched on, load capacitance C
OUTOn voltage V
OUTBe zero, and reference voltage V
REFCan be very fast stable, will cause comparator to export the very pwm signal of duty ratio like this, make the complete conducting of Q2, power supply is directly given load capacitance C
OUTCharging.For battery powered portable system, the driving force of battery limited will cause supply voltage to be drawn very lowly when chip enable, might influence the operate as normal of other circuit, the huge surge current (Inrush Current) on the load capacitance and the voltage overshoot (overshoot) of load capacitance might cause load capacitance or load to damage simultaneously.
In order to overcome the defective of above-mentioned prior art, need in these circuit, be provided with the surge current that soft starting circuit limits power supply when starting.The present invention adopts a kind of soft starting device of Linear Control to realize this function.The mode of described Linear Control is meant in the circuit soft-start time, use continuous current to charge as load capacitance, note, here " Linear Control " is to be different to adopt less duty ratio PWM (pulse width modulation) signal control drive circuit when starting, for load provides the occasion of discontinuous starting current, do not represent output voltage V
OUTGrowth when starting must be linear.
In order to address the above problem, the invention provides a kind of soft starting device of realizing Linear Control, comprise an operating circuit, described operating circuit comprises a direct current power supply, one load capacitance is connected a power tube and a feedback circuit between this DC power supply and the load capacitance, and this power tube has a control end, it is characterized in that, also comprise soft starting circuit and start-up control circuit; Wherein:
Described soft starting circuit comprises that one starts first error amplifier that voltage generator that the back output voltage progressively increases, an input and this voltage generator output directly or indirectly link to each other, another input of this first error amplifier is connected between described power tube current output and the ground, and the output of this first error amplifier directly or indirectly is connected to the control end of described power tube;
Described start-up control circuit is used to detect when starting beginning, described soft starting circuit is changed to normal operating conditions, described feedback circuit is changed to non operating state, when detecting the startup end, this soft starting circuit is changed to non operating state, described feedback circuit is changed to normal operating conditions.
Further, described start-up control circuit comprises the start detection circuit again, first control circuit and second control circuit, wherein:
Described start detection circuit is used for the starting state of testing circuit, sends soft start commencing signal or soft start end signal to described first control circuit and second control circuit;
Described first control circuit is connected with described soft starting circuit, is used for after receiving the soft start commencing signal described soft starting circuit being changed to normal operating conditions, when receiving the soft start end signal, described soft starting circuit is changed to non operating state;
Described second control circuit is connected with described feedback circuit, is used for after receiving the soft start commencing signal described feedback circuit being changed to non operating state, when receiving the soft start end signal, described feedback circuit is changed to normal operating conditions.
Further, described start detection circuit comprises first comparator, one input of described first comparator is imported a reference voltage, another input is connected to an intermediate contact of the circuit between described power tube current output or described power tube current output and the ground, its output output soft start commencing signal or soft start end signal.
Further, described first control circuit is connected with described first error amplifier with described start detection circuit, behind the soft start commencing signal of receiving described first comparator output, enables described first error amplifier; After receiving the soft start end signal of described first comparator output, remove to enable described first error amplifier.
Further, described feedback circuit comprises second error amplifier, second comparator and drive circuit;
Described second control circuit comprises respectively the one or more sub-control circuit that is connected with one or more devices in described second error amplifier, second comparator and the drive circuit, described sub-control circuit all is connected with described start detection circuit, behind the soft start commencing signal of receiving described first comparator output, remove to enable connected above-mentioned device, behind the soft start end signal of receiving described first comparator output, enable connected above-mentioned device.
Further, described first control circuit comprises first selector and second selector,
Described first selector, its first input end links to each other with the output of described voltage generator, second input is imported the reference voltage signal in the described feedback circuit, output links to each other with described first error amplifier, the first selector control end links to each other with the output of described start detection circuit, after described first selector control end is received the soft start commencing signal, export the signal of described first input end, after described first selector control end is received the soft start end signal, export the signal of described second input;
Described second selector, its first input end links to each other with the output of described first error amplifier, it enables control end and links to each other with the output of described start detection circuit, second selector enables after control end receives the soft start commencing signal, described second selector is exported the signal of described first input end, described enabling after control end receives the soft start end signal, described second selector output stops output signal.
Further, described feedback circuit comprises bleeder circuit, second error amplifier, second comparator and the drive circuit that is connected between described power tube current output and the ground, one input of described second error amplifier links to each other with the output of described first selector, another input links to each other with the intermediate contact of described bleeder circuit, and the error amplifier by a plurality of cascades is formed, and wherein the first order error amplifier that links to each other with described first selector output is multiplexed with described first error amplifier;
Described second control circuit comprises described first selector, also comprise respectively the one or more sub-control circuit that is connected with one or more devices in other error amplifier, second comparator and the drive circuit except that the first order in described second error amplifier, described sub-control circuit all is connected with described start detection circuit, behind the soft start commencing signal of receiving described first comparator output, remove to enable connected above-mentioned device, behind the soft start end signal of receiving described first comparator output, enable connected above-mentioned device.
Further, described voltage generator is connected between described operating circuit output and the ground, comprises the constant current source and the soft start capacitor of serial connection, the contact place that described voltage generator output is constant current source and soft start capacitor.
Further, described voltage generator is connected between described operating circuit output and the ground, comprises the resistance and the soft start capacitor of serial connection, the contact place that described voltage generator output is resistance and soft start capacitor.
Further, described operating circuit is Buck converter circuit and Boost converter circuit.
Adopt device of the present invention, can avoid the surge current when power on circuitry moment power supply charges to load capacitance, and among the present invention the realization of circuit can multiplexing primary circuit structure in the existing error amplifier, can save chip area and power consumption.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of Buck circuit in the prior art;
Fig. 2 is the soft starting device structure chart that the soft starting circuit of employing constant current source among the embodiment one is applied to the Buck circuit;
Fig. 3 is the soft starting device structure chart that the soft starting circuit of employing constant current source among the embodiment three is applied to the Boost circuit;
Fig. 4 is the soft starting device structure chart that adopts the error amplifier of constant current source and not multiplexing Buck circuit among the embodiment four in the voltage generator;
Fig. 5 is the soft starting device structure chart that adopts the error amplifier of non-constant electric current and not multiplexing Buck circuit among the embodiment five in the voltage generator.
Embodiment
The soft starting device of realizing Linear Control provided by the invention, adopt the Linear Control mode that switching power converters is implemented soft start control, by the value of control soft start capacitor with to the charging current of soft start capacitor, can effectively control the charging current of power supply to load capacitance.
In first embodiment, as shown in Figure 2, be to adopt the soft starting circuit of constant current source to be applied to the soft starting device of Buck circuit, compare and Fig. 1, this device also comprises voltage generator, the first comparator C OMPS, first selector MUX1, second selector MUX2 except comprising former operating circuit as shown in Figure 1; EA is second error amplifier in the former operating circuit among the figure, is made up of the error amplifier of a plurality of cascades, and wherein the first order error amplifier that links to each other with first selector MUX1 output is multiplexed with the first error amplifier gm1;
Voltage generator is connected between circuit output end and the ground, comprises the constant current source and the soft start capacitor of serial connection, and its output is the contact place of constant current source (DC power supply) and soft start capacitor;
The reverse input end of the first comparator C OMPS is connected output (the divider resistance R of bleeder circuit
F1And R
F2The contact place), its positive input is imported a reference voltage signal kV
REF, the output of the first comparator C OMPS links to each other with the control end of first selector MUX1, the control end of second selector MUX2 respectively, and the positive input voltage of the first comparator C OMPS is during greater than its reverse input end voltage, output soft start commencing signal; Its reverse input end voltage is during greater than its positive input voltage, output soft start end signal;
For when detecting the startup beginning, described soft starting circuit is changed to normal operating conditions, can utilize the output signal of the first comparator C OMPS that the first error amplifier gm1 is controlled, this control can realize by a first control circuit, this first control circuit can be connected between the first comparator C OMPS and first error amplifier, perhaps directly utilize the internal control circuit of error amplifier, with its internal circuit as error amplifier, its input is Ctrl or Ctrl among Fig. 2.After receiving the soft start commencing signal, this first control circuit enables described error amplifier; After receiving the soft start end signal, this first control circuit removes to enable described error amplifier.Second control circuit to the control of the second comparator C OMP and drive circuit also herewith.
The first input end of first selector MUX1 links to each other with the output of voltage generator, and second input is imported the reference voltage signal V in the former operating circuit feedback circuit
REF, its control end links to each other with the output of the described first comparator C OMPS, when the signal of first selector control end input is the soft start commencing signal, and first selector gating first input end; When the signal of first selector control end input was the soft start end signal, first selector gating second input was output reference voltage signal V
REF
The input of second selector MUX2 links to each other with the output of the first error amplifier gm1, output links to each other with the control end of power tube, its control end links to each other with the output of the first comparator C OMPS, when the signal of second selector control end input is the soft start commencing signal, second selector MUX2 gating input; When the signal of second selector control end input was the soft start end signal, second selector MUX2 stopped output signal.Second selector MUX2 can be set to single channel selector or control switch.
All increased by a control circuit (can be considered the part of comparator and drive circuit) with control end Ctrl in comparator C OMP in original operating circuit and the drive circuit (Drive Circuit), control comparator C OMP and drive circuit are in running order when control end Ctrl input soft start end signal, and control comparator C OMP and drive circuit are in non operating state when control end Ctrl input soft start commencing signal.If itself have such control circuit in comparator and the drive circuit and control end also can directly use.Certainly, also one or more these on-off circuits can be set, as long as even can cancel temporary transient inefficacy of this feedback circuit of voltage that drive circuit outputs to the power tube control end in other position of feedback circuit.
Wherein, utilized the constant current I of constant current source in the soft starting circuit
STo capacitor C
SCharging, capacitor C
SVoltage linearity is increased the multiplexing first error amplifier gm1 in the circuit.In power on circuitry moment, load capacitance C
OUTOn voltage V
OUTBe zero, divider resistance R
F2Voltage V
FBAlso be zero, the first comparator C OMPS at first judges the low state (kV of output voltage
REF>V
FB, 0<k<1), MUX1 and MUX2 distinguish gating V then
SAnd V
S0, COMP comparator and drive circuit turn-off simultaneously.This moment, constant current source began with constant current I
STo capacitor C
SCharging, capacitance voltage V
SLinear rising, V
S=I
S* t/C
S(I
SBe fixing starting current, the soft-start time of t for setting, because the linear characteristic of t, so V
SAlso be linear increasing).Utilize the first order gain gm1 (the single-stage error amplifier drives Q2, can reduce the gain of loop, the hold amplifier steady operation) among the EA of two-stage error amplifier, force V
FBFollow V
SVoltage linear raises.
Work as V
FBBe elevated to kV
REFBack (as k=0.85), the first comparator C OMPS output signal is a low level, control first selector MUX1 output reference voltage V
REF, control second selector MUX2 stops output signal, and soft starting circuit quits work, and soft start finishes, at this moment output voltage V
OUTThe k that reaches its steady-state value doubly, system feedback loop operate as normal, output voltage is stabilized in the magnitude of voltage of setting by system's control loop.The Ctrl signal of first comparator C OMPS output also can be used as one of circuit and enables output signal, and expression output voltage this moment is ready to.Wherein, it is forward Enable Pin Ctrl and reverse Enable Pin Ctrl that selector MUX1 or MUX2 can have two Enable Pins, and also can have only an Enable Pin is Ctrl.
Whole soft start-up process can be expressed as:
Thereby obtain:
From following formula as can be known, has only the time variable t of linear change in the formula, so output voltage V
OUTWith the linear rising of passing in time.
Because output voltage V
OUTBe the voltage on the electric capacity, so the linear V that raises
OUTVoltage is realized by constant charging current, so constant charging current I
CFor:
Adjust the value of Is and Cs, can obtain the suitable start-up time and the size of starting current.Utilize the clamping action of error amplifier, make and form constant current charge and the linear voltage that rises on the load capacitance.In start-up course along with output voltage V
OUTRising, load R
LOADAlso can absorb one part of current, but because V
OUTSo the linear rising is R
LOADThe electric current that absorbs also is linear rising, load capacitance C
OUTOn charging current remain linear current, the soft start electric current I
CIt also is linear current.
In embodiment two, the difference of soft starting circuit and circuit shown in Figure 2 is to adopt resistance to replace constant current source.Be soft start resistance and the soft start capacitor that voltage generator comprises serial connection, its output is the contact place of soft start resistance and soft start capacitor.In this circuit, use capacitance-resistance RC constant to set the time of soft start, then can obtain the output voltage V that index rises
OUT, the V of this moment
OUTSatisfy following relational expression:
Set enough big timeconstant=RsCs, promptly can reduce the overshoot of output voltage and input current.
In embodiment three, as shown in Figure 3, it is the structure chart that the soft starting circuit of the employing constant current source that will describe according to Fig. 2 is applied to the Boost circuit, and another conversion embodiment of embodiment three is, voltage generator in the soft starting circuit comprises the soft start resistance and the soft start capacitor of serial connection, and its output is the contact place of soft start resistance and soft start capacitor.Both operation principles and the above-mentioned method of describing according to Fig. 2 in like manner repeat no more herein.
In embodiment four, the soft starting circuit of this embodiment is not multiplexing with the error amplifier EA of former operating circuit, as shown in Figure 4, compare and Fig. 1, this device is except comprising former operating circuit as shown in Figure 1, also comprise voltage generator, the first comparator C OMPS, the first error amplifier gm that has control end Ctrl, the second error amplifier EA has reverse control end Ctrl, and the second comparator C OMPS has reverse control end Ctrl, drive circuit (Drive Circuit) has reverse control end Ctrl;
Voltage generator is connected between circuit output end and the ground, comprises the constant current source and the soft start capacitor of serial connection, and its output is the contact place of constant current source and soft start capacitor;
The reverse input end of the first comparator C OMPS is connected output (the divider resistance R of bleeder circuit
F1And R
F2The contact place), positive input is imported a reference voltage signal kV
REF, the output of the first comparator C OMPS links to each other with the control end of the first error amplifier gm, and the positive input voltage of the first comparator C OMPS is during greater than its reverse input end voltage, output soft start commencing signal; Its reverse input end voltage is during greater than its positive input voltage, output soft start end signal;
The first error amplifier gm, its positive input are connected output (the divider resistance R of bleeder circuit
F1And R
F2The contact place), reverse input end links to each other with the output of voltage generator.During its control end input soft start commencing signal, it is in running order to enable the first error amplifier gm; During its control end input soft start end signal, remove to enable the first error amplifier gm and be in non operating state.
All increased by a control circuit with reverse control end Ctrl in the second error amplifier EA in original operating circuit, the second comparator C OMP and the drive circuit (Drive Circuit), when its reverse control end Ctrl imports the soft start commencing signal, remove to enable comparator C OMP and drive circuit and be in non operating state; When its reverse control end Ctrl imported the soft start end signal, it was in running order to remove to enable comparator C OMP and drive circuit.
The second error amplifier EA, the second comparator C OMP and drive circuit adopt reverse control end Ctrl, have guaranteed that error amplifier gm and comparator C OMP and drive circuit (Drive Circuit) do not work simultaneously.The second comparator C OMP and drive circuit also can adopt forward control end Ctrl, then comparator C OMP and drive circuit are when its positive input receives the soft start commencing signal, control it and be in non operating state, when receiving the soft start end signal, control that it is in running order.
Soft starting device among the 5th embodiment is that voltage generator adopts resistance and the soft start capacitor that is connected in series with difference embodiment illustrated in fig. 4 as shown in Figure 5.Describe in like manner among the operation principle of the 4th embodiment and the 5th embodiment and first embodiment and second embodiment, repeat no more herein.
The soft starting device of the 4th embodiment and the 5th embodiment is equally applicable in the Boost circuit.
Said apparatus can well be avoided the surge current when power on circuitry moment power supply charges to load capacitance, and the realization of this circuit can multiplexing primary circuit structure in the existing error amplifier, can save chip area and power consumption.
Above-mentioned soft starting circuit also is applicable to DC-DC (DC/DC) converter, as Buck circuit and Boost circuit.
The present invention also can have other various embodiments; under the situation that does not deviate from spirit of the present invention and essence thereof; those of ordinary skill in the art are when making various corresponding changes and distortion according to the present invention, and these change and be out of shape the protection range that all should belong to the appended claim of the present invention accordingly.
The voltage that voltage generator produces progressively increases and comprises that dual mode (1) fixed current charges to electric capacity, this moment, the voltage of voltage generator output was that linear growth (2) power supply charges to electric capacity by resistance, and this moment, the voltage of voltage generator output was non-linear.But the Linear Control mode that all is to use under the both of these case, rather than switch control mode.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of soft starting device of realizing Linear Control, comprise an operating circuit, described operating circuit comprises a direct current power supply, one load capacitance, be connected a power tube and a feedback circuit between this DC power supply and the load capacitance, this power tube has a control end, it is characterized in that, also comprises soft starting circuit and start-up control circuit; Wherein:
Described soft starting circuit comprises that one starts first error amplifier that voltage generator that the back output voltage progressively increases, an input and this voltage generator output directly or indirectly link to each other, another input of this first error amplifier is connected between described power tube current output and the ground, and the output of this first error amplifier directly or indirectly is connected to the control end of described power tube;
Described start-up control circuit is used to detect when starting beginning, described soft starting circuit is changed to normal operating conditions, described feedback circuit is changed to non operating state, when detecting the startup end, this soft starting circuit is changed to non operating state, described feedback circuit is changed to normal operating conditions.
2, device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,
Described start-up control circuit comprises the start detection circuit again, first control circuit and second control circuit, wherein:
Described start detection circuit is used for the starting state of testing circuit, sends soft start commencing signal or soft start end signal to described first control circuit and second control circuit;
Described first control circuit is connected with described soft starting circuit, is used for after receiving the soft start commencing signal described soft starting circuit being changed to normal operating conditions, when receiving the soft start end signal, described soft starting circuit is changed to non operating state;
Described second control circuit is connected with described feedback circuit, is used for after receiving the soft start commencing signal described feedback circuit being changed to non operating state, when receiving the soft start end signal, described feedback circuit is changed to normal operating conditions.
3, device as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that,
Described start detection circuit comprises first comparator, one input of described first comparator is imported a reference voltage, another input is connected to an intermediate contact of the circuit between described power tube current output or described power tube current output and the ground, its output output soft start commencing signal or soft start end signal.
4, device as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that,
Described first control circuit is connected with described first error amplifier with described start detection circuit, behind the soft start commencing signal of receiving described first comparator output, enables described first error amplifier; After receiving the soft start end signal of described first comparator output, remove to enable described first error amplifier.
5, device as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that,
Described feedback circuit comprises second error amplifier, second comparator and drive circuit;
Described second control circuit comprises respectively the one or more sub-control circuit that is connected with one or more devices in described second error amplifier, second comparator and the drive circuit, described sub-control circuit all is connected with described start detection circuit, behind the soft start commencing signal of receiving described first comparator output, remove to enable connected above-mentioned device, behind the soft start end signal of receiving described first comparator output, enable connected above-mentioned device.
6, as claim 2 or 3 described devices, it is characterized in that,
Described first control circuit comprises first selector and second selector,
Described first selector, its first input end links to each other with the output of described voltage generator, second input is imported the reference voltage signal in the described feedback circuit, output links to each other with described first error amplifier, the first selector control end links to each other with the output of described start detection circuit, after described first selector control end is received the soft start commencing signal, export the signal of described first input end, after described first selector control end is received the soft start end signal, export the signal of described second input;
Described second selector, its first input end links to each other with the output of described first error amplifier, it enables control end and links to each other with the output of described start detection circuit, second selector enables after control end receives the soft start commencing signal, described second selector is exported the signal of described first input end, described enabling after control end receives the soft start end signal, described second selector output stops output signal.
7, device as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that,
Described feedback circuit comprises bleeder circuit, second error amplifier, second comparator and the drive circuit that is connected between described power tube current output and the ground, one input of described second error amplifier links to each other with the output of described first selector, another input links to each other with the intermediate contact of described bleeder circuit, and the error amplifier by a plurality of cascades is formed, and wherein the first order error amplifier that links to each other with described first selector output is multiplexed with described first error amplifier;
Described second control circuit comprises described first selector, also comprise respectively the one or more sub-control circuit that is connected with one or more devices in other error amplifier, second comparator and the drive circuit except that the first order in described second error amplifier, described sub-control circuit all is connected with described start detection circuit, behind the soft start commencing signal of receiving described first comparator output, remove to enable connected above-mentioned device, behind the soft start end signal of receiving described first comparator output, enable connected above-mentioned device.
8, as claim 2,3,4,5 or 7 described devices, it is characterized in that,
Described voltage generator is connected between described operating circuit output and the ground, comprises the constant current source and the soft start capacitor of serial connection, the contact place that described voltage generator output is constant current source and soft start capacitor.
9, as claim 2,3,4,5 or 7 described devices, it is characterized in that,
Described voltage generator is connected between described operating circuit output and the ground, comprises the resistance and the soft start capacitor of serial connection, the contact place that described voltage generator output is resistance and soft start capacitor.
10, as claim 1,2,4,5 or 7 described devices, it is characterized in that,
Described operating circuit is Buck converter circuit and Boost converter circuit.
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