CN101283691B - Ine sawyer positioning type attractant and spawning type attractant - Google Patents
Ine sawyer positioning type attractant and spawning type attractant Download PDFInfo
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- CN101283691B CN101283691B CN2008100283895A CN200810028389A CN101283691B CN 101283691 B CN101283691 B CN 101283691B CN 2008100283895 A CN2008100283895 A CN 2008100283895A CN 200810028389 A CN200810028389 A CN 200810028389A CN 101283691 B CN101283691 B CN 101283691B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a localization attractant and an oviposition attractant of Monochamus alternatus. The localization attractant contains the following components in weight percentages: 6-10% of natural pine needle extract, and 90-94% of ethanol solution with an ethanol concentration of 65-80%. The ethanol concentration of the oviposition attractant is in the range of 60-80%. An oviposition attractant I contains the following components in weight percentages: 20-30% of localization attractant, 60-70% of ethanol saturated solution of rosin and ethanol solution in balance. An oviposition attractant II contains the following components in weight percentages: 20-30% of localization attractant, 60-70% of ethanol extract of phloem of Monochamus alternatus host tree of more than 3 year old,and ethanol solution in balance. The localization attractant and the oviposition attractant of Monochamus alternatus, provided in the invention, can reduce the density of adult population of Monochamus alternatus in forest by 80-90% and thereby reduce the rate of dead pine tree caused by pine wilt disease by 70-80%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of attractant that captures Monochamus alternatus of luring.
Background technology
Pine tree is the indigenous tree species that China's present territory greening and improvement of the ecological environment can not replace.The pine forest resource is the barrier of China's ecological safety and the powerful material base of rural construction well-off society.Pine nematode is the destructive disease of pine tree, because the harm of the destructiveness of pine nematode, and difficulty of governance is big, the route of transmission is many and fit characteristics such as the scope of giving birth to is wide, has had more than 40 country to classify it as quarantine object in the world.China finds pine wood nematode after being ill from nineteen eighty-two in Nanjing, now gradually the vast provinces and regions on the south the Yangtze river basin spread and cause disaster.Ended to 2007, the whole nation finds that the county (district) of pine nematode has reached 113, and about 1,200,000 mu of area takes place, and reach millions of strains because of the withered pine tree of pine nematode every year.The huge primary infection source that the pine nematode of China has formed the anthropochory and spread naturally, the 500000000 mu of pine forests in the whole nation face existence and threaten.The generation of pine nematode and harm have caused the top leader's of party and state concern.The Former President Jiang Zemin, premier Zhu Rongji, current Prime Minister Wen Jiabao is once successively to the prevention of the pine nematode of China with wipe out and treat insect pests and plant diseases and did important indication, written instructions.
Pine wood nematode is to carry from the wood of falling ill by vector insect, supplements the nutrients by vector insect again or infects when laying eggs in the healthy pine tree.In the Asia, no matter be China, still Japanese, Korea S, the most important communication media of pine wood nematode is Monochamus alternatus Momochamus alternatus Hope.
In order to reduce the population density of woodland Monochamus alternatus, reduce the generation of pine nematode dead and drying tree, as far back as Japan, subsequently in Guangdong of China, province such as Zhejiang, Fujian have all carried out the research and extension use of Monochamus alternatus attractant.Up to the present, several model attractants that use various places all belong to the type attractant of laying eggs, and lure in the longicorn female adult worm body that collects all to contain ovum, dissect female adult worm, and visible oviduct contains the ovum number to about 20.
Monochamus alternatus trapper profile is similar to the light trap that agricultural is used, and the main distinction is that the Monochamus alternatus trapper lures core to replace black light lamp with the pop can that attractant is housed.
Pine wood nematode is to break away from polypide from the valve of longicorn adult through the seta of abdomen body-surface and afterbody, and the wound of the phloem of the 1-3 life bark of the food of stinging enters healthy pine tree when the longicorn adult supplements the nutrients.The nematode amount that breaks away from polypide at longicorn adult eclosion one in week is less, break away from 2-3 week at most, minimizing gradually again later on, 4-5 does not almost just have nematode to deviate from after week.
Under field conditions (factors), the longicorn nematode carrying rate and the amount of the carrying longicorn of gathering in the egg-laying period obviously reduces than extra-nutrition period.Wang Yuyan etc. utilized attractant to trap 9 Monochamus alternatus in 1988, utilize the longicorn that mostly is the egg-laying period of attractant trapping, and through separating microscopy, the nematode carrying rate is 60%, on average carried the nematode amount and had only 130/head, and the highest reaches 336/head.Generally believe also that in Japan most of pine wood nematode dormancy larva is to be transmitted in the new parasitism tree during longicorn supplements the nutrients.Therefore reduce to its nematode carrying rate of longicorn egg-laying period, carry the nematode amount and also obviously reduce.Mamiya etc. (1972) detect 148 longicorn and longicorns in 50 egg-laying periods that just sprouted wings respectively in pine wood nematode grave illness district, the result is 100% for the longicorn nematode carrying rate that wood of just sprouting wings, on average carrying the nematode amount is 18000/head, the highest amount of carrying is 175000 a/head, and be 78% in egg-laying period nematode carrying rate, on average carrying the nematode amount is 135/head only, and the highest amount of carrying is 1880 a/head.Morimoto etc. point out that also to the egg-laying period, nematode reduces more than 80% in the longicorn body from the longicorn emergence period.
This shows, if luring, the longicorn adult that can have attractant wood just sprouting wings collects, perhaps at least also to lure and collect the longicorn of the extra-nutrition phase after wood of sprouting wings, just can stop longicorn that pine wood nematode is imported in the healthy pine tree effectively, cut off the circulation of infecting of pine nematode, directly reaching and reduce the purpose that the pine nematode dead and drying tree takes place, secondly is the population density that reduces the woodland Monochamus alternatus, reaches indirectly to reduce the purpose that the pine nematode dead and drying tree takes place.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind ofly can lure firm emergence the Monochamus alternatus imago of wood, can lure the location type attractant of the Monochamus alternatus imago that is in the extra-nutrition stage again.
Another technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of type attractant of laying eggs of luring the longicorn adult that captures the egg-laying period
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, dispose and of the present inventionly lure firm emergence wood and the concrete scheme of the location type attractant of the longicorn adult in the stage that supplements the nutrients is:
The component of Monochamus alternatus location type attractant with and weight proportion be: pure natural extract from pine needles 6～10%, ethanol content are 65～80% ethanolic solution 90～94%.
The pure natural pine needle is taken from Monochamus alternatus host tree masson pine or black pine or Pinus taiwanesis or Huashan pine, and the pure natural extract from pine needles adopts the existing conventional way of distillation or extraction to extract, and the solvent that uses is acetone or ether or distilled water or ethanol.The percentage that the pure natural extract from pine needles of gained accounts for the pine needle gross weight is 20～30%, and described pure natural extract from pine needles includes monoterpene, sesquiterpene, contains the oxygen terpenes.
Lure a kind of type attractant allocation plan of laying eggs of egg-laying period longicorn adult to be among the present invention: the Monochamus alternatus type attractant component of laying eggs comprises Monochamus alternatus location type attractant, pine gum alcohol saturated solution, ethanolic solution.
Wherein the percentage by weight of each component is a Monochamus alternatus location type attractant 20～30%, pine gum alcohol saturated solution 60～70%, and surplus is an ethanolic solution,
The ethanol content of the described type attractant of laying eggs is between 65～80%.
The content of pine gum is 10～12% in the above-mentioned pine gum alcohol saturated solution.
Lure the another kind of the egg-laying period longicorn adult type attractant allocation plan of laying eggs to be among the present invention:
The lay eggs component of type attractant of Monochamus alternatus comprises that Monochamus alternatus location type attractant, the age of tree are greater than the Monochamus alternatus host tree phloem ethanol extract in 3 years, ethanolic solution.
Wherein the percentage by weight of each component is: Monochamus alternatus location type attractant 20～30%, and the age of tree was greater than the Monochamus alternatus host tree phloem ethanol extract 60～70% in 3 years, and surplus is an ethanolic solution,
The ethanol content of the described type attractant of laying eggs is between 65～80%.
The above-mentioned age of tree is 8～12% greater than the Monochamus alternatus host tree phloem ethanol extract effective ingredient in 3 years.
For the ease of distinguishing the above-mentioned type attractant of laying eggs that contains pine gum is called type attractant I number of laying eggs, contain the type attractant II of laying eggs that is of pine bark phloem effective ingredient.
Technical scheme of the present invention is according to research and development creation and next on the basis of biological property of longicorn and ecological characteristics research.Monochamus alternatus imago is divided into sprouts wings wood phase, extra-nutrition phase and egg-laying period.Can creep or fly by the longicorn adult that climbs out of in the emergence Kong Congshu body, fly then to supplement the nutrients to host tree, mating after the fastest 7 days began to enter the egg-laying period after 14 days.
Biological behavior always has its specific material base.Learn that the aromatic oil smell of pine needle is to lure the firm directed flight of longicorn adult that wood and the fixed dwell inducing substance at the pine tree forest canopy of sprouting wings through studying for a long period of time.Inducing substance of the present invention need contain pine needle, on the longicorn host tree, for example obtain the pure natural extract from pine needles on black pine, the masson pine, the natural pine needle extract can adopt acetone extraction method or ether extraction or other conventional extraction methods such as steam distillation extraction method and ethanol extraction method to extract.The percentage that the pure natural extract from pine needles of gained accounts for the pine needle gross weight is 20～30%, and described pure natural extract from pine needles includes monoterpene, sesquiterpene, contains the oxygen terpenes.
Attract Monochamus alternatus to gather in order to allow extract from pine needles better volatilize, add at extract from pine needles that ethanol is mixed and be shaped as very prednisone China ink longicorn location type attractant of activity.
Prepared finished product attractant ethanol content is chosen between 65～80%, is because if ethanol content is higher than 80, and then the attractant evaporation rate is too fast, has increased the control cost, and then the attractant evaporation rate is slow partially to be lower than 65%, can lower attractant effect.Ethanol content meets the principle of effective economy in the finished product attractant between 65～80%.
Use by the test of woodland large tracts of land,, use attractant of the present invention to have significant attracting action the firm longicorn adult and the longicorn adult in the stage of extra-nutrition that wood that sprout wings promptly in Monochamus alternatus emergence peak period.
In addition, learn that the extractive with organic solvent of perennial bark and the alcohol saturated solution of pine gum also have stronger attracting action to Monochamus alternatus by further research; But learn by experiment the living pine tree bark of 1-3 extractive with organic solvent the attracting action that is produced relatively a little less than.So the present invention chooses perennial pine tree bark extractive with organic solvent more than 3 years.
By further research, tell organic matter, the specificity that interknits with extract from pine needles and distinguish mutually with attracting action with 1～3 year living pine tree bark that stimulates trophic behaviour.The extractive with organic solvent of perennial bark is similar with the mechanism that the alcohol saturated solution of pine gum is lured longicorn, and both all have attracting action for the longicorn in egg-laying period.Realize pinpoint and the extra-nutrition behavior of longicorn adult depends primarily on the attracting action of the aromaticity volatile oil of pine needle.When the longicorn adult is positioned the pine tree forest canopy, the 1-3 that is in same ecological niche gives birth to the inclusion of bark, as steroid, and organic matter such as sucrose, glucose, arabinose, fructose, pinite has tangible stimulation feeding effect to longicorn, therefore longicorn has begun the behavior that supplements the nutrients, so the be mixed longicorn attractant of ethanol composition of the pure natural extract of the organic solvent of pine needle is called the location type attractant.Promptly be to make the longicorn adult determine the attractant of extra-nutrition ecological niche.Its function class is the positioning mark that people have meal like with restaurant and restaurant, has only entered the restaurant and can further consider that just the seat is the same with menu.
Lure the female adult worm that collects by dissecting the location type attractant, find that about 40% ovary does not contain ovum, oviduct does not have ovum, confirms that thus female adult worm is in the extra-nutrition stage.The biological property of male imago is the same with female adult worm, sprouts wings to need to experience behind the wood extra-nutrition phase and just can reach sexual maturity, for qualitative relatively difficulty on the anatomy, therefore omits the male worm material.By the digestive tract of longicorn adult is dissected, find that about 20% adult digestive tract does not contain food, tentatively thus confirm to belong to firm emergence and the longicorn adult of wood, also do not enter the extra-nutrition phase just to be lured and collect.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
Monochamus alternatus location type attractant of the present invention can lure that collecting just sprouts wings and longicorn adult wood and that be in the extra-nutrition stage, cut off the circulation of infecting of pine nematode effectively, with the double action that reduces woodland longicorn population density, make the status of longicorn attractant in the pine nematode comprehensive treatment system engineering rise to one of major technique measure by the subsidy measure, qualitative leap has taken place, have milestone inthe, will be in the prevention of pine nematode and huge economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefits of performance in wiping out and treating insect pests and plant diseases.
The location type attractant does not produce refuse, waste water, waste gas substantially in production and use, to people and animals and environmentally friendly, be a kind of typical environmentally friendly attractant of pure natural.
The longicorn adult still continues to get food 1-3 and gives birth to bark between the egg-laying period, the female longicorn that wherein about 60% oviduct the contains ovum type attractant that is positioned lures collection.But, there is its specific biological property and behavioral mechanism in the longicorn egg-laying period, therefore, alcohol saturated solution (the about 10-12% of pine gum content) with pine gum, or the organic solvent extraction liquid of perennial pine tree phloem (bark extract content 10-12%) is mixed and forms the type attractant of laying eggs, be the necessary complement form of location type attractant, can lure collection to be in the longicorn adult in egg-laying period effectively.The location type attractant uses for two kinds simultaneously with the type attractant of laying eggs, and can further reduce the population density of woodland Monochamus alternatus.
Use Monochamus alternatus location type attractant provided by the present invention, and the type attractant of laying eggs, can reduce woodland longicorn adult population density 80～90%, thereby make the pine nematode dead and drying tree descend 70～80%.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with embodiment embodiment of the present invention are further described, mentioned content is not a limitation of the invention among the embodiment, wherein the selection of raw material pine needle, pine tree bark can be suited measures to local conditions, so long as longicorn host pine tree seeds can be suitable for, the variation of different pine tree seeds is chosen invention be there is no substantial effect.
The basic configuration scheme of attractant of the present invention is:
Select eugonic pine forest, gather fresh pine needle, after crushed, extract at boiler according to the weight-to-volume ratio of fresh pine needle and ethanol (95%) 1: 4, when bright needle weight and extract Capacity Ratio during near 1: 0.2 left and right sides as the extract finished product, this moment, the pine needle extractive content was about about the 20-30% of gross weight, blend to extract from pine needles content by the Capacity Ratio of extract 1: 2-2.5 with absolute ethyl alcohol then and be about between the 6-10%, the ethanol content of the location type attractant after blending is about between the 65-80%, the location type attractant, preserve standby with Brown Glass Brown glass bottles and jars only sealing.
With the absolute ethyl alcohol saturated solution 60～70% of pine gum, add 20～30% location type attractants, surplus adopts certain density ethanolic solution, is mixed into lay eggs type attractant I number of ethanol content between 65～80%; With perennial pine tree phloem ethanol extract 60～70%, add 20～30% location type attractants, surplus adopts certain density ethanolic solution, is mixed into lay eggs type attractant II number of ethanol content between 65～80%, and is all standby with the Brown Glass Brown glass bottles and jars only sealing.
Quantity and concentration that surplus component of the present invention is an ethanolic solution, ethanol content (65～80%) required in the finished product by configuration determines, just, ethanol content is on the low side in the type attractant finished product if lay eggs, then the surplus component is the concentration configuration height of ethanolic solution, otherwise if ethanol content is higher in the type attractant finished product of laying eggs, then the surplus component is that the concentration configuration of ethanolic solution is low.
Below be a certain embodiment of the present invention:
1. 20% extract from pine needles of ethanol is blent according to 1: 2 Capacity Ratio and absolute alcohol, after stirring, finished product Monochamus alternatus location type attractant is a skipper, and wherein extract from pine needles content 6.7%, ethanol content 76%.
2. be 10% absolute ethyl alcohol saturated solution 65% with pine gum content, add above-mentioned make 30%, location type attractant and 5% ethanolic solution are made type attractant I number of laying eggs of ethanol content 73%.
3. with containing the ethanol extract 70% of perennial pine tree phloem active constituent content 12%, the ethanolic solution that adds 20% location type attractant and 10% is made type attractant II number of laying eggs of the ethanol content 78% that is mixed to become to blend together.
With 35 of location type attractant trappers, add lay eggs type attractant I number 18, II number 17,35 of the type of promptly laying eggs attractants, totally 75 trappers are between the 1200 mu of 20 years pure masson pine forests of life of Ebony Hill head that hung up the 4-9 month in 2007 in Huizhou Daya Gulf district panda company.These pine forest pine nematode dead and drying tree 8641 strains in 2006, through remove comprehensively smoke extremely longicorn after, lured 562 of collection longicorn adults in 2007 altogether, wherein female adult worm is 270,292 of male imagos, and longicorn is carried nematode rate 54.6%, on average carry 5108/head of nematode amount, the highest 30400/head.Total pine nematode dead and drying tree 143 strains in 2007.If do not hang up trapper, following 2007 pine nematode dead and drying trees of common situation should be about 1000 strains.If only hang up the type attractant of laying eggs, the pine nematode dead and drying tree should be about 500 strains in generally 2007, owing to hung up the location type attractant and the type attractant of laying eggs, make the pine nematode dead and drying tree be reduced to 143 strains, reduce pine nematode dead and drying tree 71.4% than only hanging up the type attractant of laying eggs, effect is remarkable.
Claims (6)
1. Monochamus alternatus location type attractant, it is characterized in that: component and the weight proportion thereof of forming the location type attractant are: pure natural extract from pine needles 6～10%, ethanol content are 65～80% ethanolic solution 90～94%, described pure natural extract from pine needles adopts the existing conventional way of distillation or extraction to extract, and the solvent that uses is acetone or ether or distilled water or ethanol.
2. Monochamus alternatus location type attractant according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the pure natural pine needle is taken from Monochamus alternatus host tree masson pine or black pine or Pinus taiwanesis or Huashan pine, the percentage that described pure natural extract from pine needles accounts for the pine needle gross weight is 20～30%, described pure natural extract from pine needles includes monoterpene, sesquiterpene, contains the oxygen terpenes.
3. Monochamus alternatus type attractant of laying eggs, it is characterized in that: the type of laying eggs attractant component comprises Monochamus alternatus location type attractant, pine gum alcohol saturated solution, ethanolic solution,
The component and the weight proportion thereof of described Monochamus alternatus location type attractant are: pure natural extract from pine needles 6～10%, ethanol content are 65～80% ethanolic solution 90～94%, described pure natural extract from pine needles adopts the existing conventional way of distillation or extraction to extract, the solvent that uses is acetone or ether or distilled water or ethanol, wherein the percentage by weight of each component is a Monochamus alternatus location type attractant 20～30%, pine gum alcohol saturated solution 60～70%, surplus is an ethanolic solution
The ethanol content of the described type attractant of laying eggs is between 65～80%.
4. the Monochamus alternatus according to claim 3 type attractant of laying eggs, it is characterized in that: the content of pine gum is 10～12% in the described pine gum alcohol saturated solution.
5. Monochamus alternatus type attractant of laying eggs is characterized in that: the type of laying eggs attractant component comprises Monochamus alternatus location type attractant, the age of tree greater than the Monochamus alternatus host tree phloem ethanol extract in 3 years, ethanolic solution,
The component and the weight proportion thereof of described Monochamus alternatus location type attractant are: pure natural extract from pine needles 6～10%, ethanol content is 65～80% ethanolic solution 90～94%, described pure natural extract from pine needles adopts the existing conventional way of distillation or extraction to extract, the solvent that uses is acetone or ether or distilled water or ethanol, wherein the percentage by weight of each component is: Monochamus alternatus location type attractant 20～30%, the age of tree was greater than the Monochamus alternatus host tree phloem ethanol extract 60～70% in 3 years, surplus is an ethanolic solution, and the ethanol content of the described type attractant of laying eggs is between 65～80%.
6. the Monochamus alternatus according to claim 5 type attractant of laying eggs, it is characterized in that: the described age of tree is 8～12% greater than the Monochamus alternatus host tree phloem ethanol extract effective ingredient in 3 years.
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| CN101933511B (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2013-03-27 | 云南省林业科学院 | Attractant for entrapping imagoes of arhopalus rusticus |
| CN101983580B (en) * | 2010-10-25 | 2012-10-31 | 南京林业大学 | Forage for artificial breeding of Monochamus alternatus Hope and method for preparing the same |
| CN102057954B (en) * | 2010-12-29 | 2013-06-05 | 福建农林大学 | Pine needle extract preparation for controlling aphids |
| CN102067887B (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2013-12-25 | 福建农林大学 | Preparation for preventing and controlling aphid |
| CN102334516A (en) * | 2011-07-18 | 2012-02-01 | 浙江农林大学 | Attractant synergist at early stage of egg laying of monochamus alternatus hope and preparation method thereof |
| CN102907285A (en) * | 2012-10-09 | 2013-02-06 | 惠州市神龙松材线虫病综合治理有限公司 | Comprehensive treatment method for preventing pine wood nematode disease from spreading |
| CN105315092B (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2018-10-12 | 惠州市神龙松材线虫病综合治理有限公司 | A kind of pine needle organic fertilizer and its preparation method and application |
| CN107889839A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-04-10 | 蒙城县望槐信息科技有限责任公司 | A kind of withered trees processing method |
| CN108703155A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-10-26 | 南京林衡农业科技有限公司 | It is a kind of to lure wooden lure for Bursaphelenchus xylophilus communication media longicorn |
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