CN101286592B - Multimodal satellite navigation terminal antennae with wide-band circular polarized wide wave beam - Google Patents
Multimodal satellite navigation terminal antennae with wide-band circular polarized wide wave beam Download PDFInfo
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- CN101286592B CN101286592B CN200810114877A CN200810114877A CN101286592B CN 101286592 B CN101286592 B CN 101286592B CN 200810114877 A CN200810114877 A CN 200810114877A CN 200810114877 A CN200810114877 A CN 200810114877A CN 101286592 B CN101286592 B CN 101286592B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multimode satellite navigation terminal antenna with broadband and circular polarization wide-beam, which is applied in places with higher demands on the properties of the broadband and the circular polarization. The multimode satellite navigation terminal antenna is composed of an antenna body and a feed network, wherein, the antenna body consists of a radome (1), a media support, a metallic radiating patch (2), four L-shaped metallic feed probes (3) and a metallic reflecting plate (4); the feed network consists of a four-way microstrip power-dividing phase shift network (5) and a metallic shielding box; the four L-shaped metallic feed probes (3) of the antenna body are electrically connected with the microstrip power-dividing phase shift network (5) of the feed network by metals. The multimode satellite navigation terminal antenna with broadband and circular polarization wide-beam leads the relative bandwidth of the microstrip antenna to reach a point above 40 percent. Meanwhile, since the microstrip antenna with nested media is adopted, the low-elevation gain of the microstrip antenna is greatly improved. With a 5-degree elevation angle gain larger than -5dBi, the multimode satellite navigation terminal antenna with broadband and circular polarization wide-beam is also provided with excellent mechanical characteristics and temperature characteristics.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the antenna technology of wireless communication field, particularly to broadband character and circular polarization characteristics have relatively high expectations like occasions such as multimodal satellite navigation terminals.
Background technology
Usually satellite navigation aerial terminal (user) antenna is single-frequency, double frequency or three frequencies, and all is to single satellite navigation system, such as No. 1, the Big Dipper, No. 2, the Big Dipper of external GPS, GLONASS, GALILEO and China.The shortcoming of this type antenna is to receive all navigation signals simultaneously, can't satisfy the demand that the multimode navigation receives.But in practical application, the user need select the navigation signal of above-mentioned one or more different satellite navigation systems according to the actual requirements, needs to receive simultaneously the broadband multimode navigation terminal antenna of various modes navigation signal.
The GPS of America whole world has 24 satellites to supply global user to use, and the satellite orbit of dipper system of China and GPS is inequality, and negligible amounts, and this just requires terminal antenna to have low elevation gain preferably.
Through retrieval; Closely-related specific as follows with patent content of the present invention: " the double frequency broad beam circular polarized antenna that good low elevation angle performance is arranged " of the patent No.: ZL200520079254.3; It is the distortion of monopole antenna that disclosed antenna is formed structure; Assign to improve low elevation gain through increasing Parasitica, but this antenna frequency band is narrower, only to be used for two-frequency operation.Number of patent application: 200620078410.9 " three frequency range wave beam circular polarized antennas "; It forms structure is three-decker, is dipole antenna topmost, and lower two layers is a microstrip antenna; Combination through these three antennas realizes three work frequently, but the not mentioned low elevation angle of this antenna characteristic." a kind of double frequency broad beam circular polarized antenna that improves low elevation angle performance " of the patent No.: ZL 200520079197.9, it forms structure is that two groups of L type monopole antennas are realized two-frequency operation, and improves low elevation gain through L type monopole." wide-band microstrip aerial " of the patent No.: ZL 200420081255.7, it adopts oblique L type probe broadening bandwidth, and relative bandwidth can reach 37%, and this antenna is a linear polarization, because the occasion of using is different, not mentioned low elevation gain.
In addition, general microstrip antenna all adopts typography to make, and promptly at the two-sided printing operation that corrodes of double-sided copper-clad microwave-medium plate, removes useless Copper Foil, keeps useful part.Because Copper Foil very thin (being generally 17 microns or 35 microns), under and the condition that excursion is very big very fast in the temperature fusion, Copper Foil peels off easily, causes antenna to be injured.And the microstrip antenna that typography realizes is generally very thin, is difficult to realize good low elevation gain.
The broadband multimode navigation terminal antenna that in sum, can receive the various modes navigation signal is not simultaneously seen the pertinent literature report.
Summary of the invention
Technology of the present invention is dealt with problems and is: provide a kind of relative bandwidth greater than 40%; Can cover all satellite navigation signals; The circular polarization axial ratio is less than 1.5dB in the broad frequency range; Improve the low elevation gain of antenna, can receive the multimodal satellite navigation terminal antennae with wide-band circular polarized wide wave beam of all navigation signals.
Technical solution of the present invention is: multimodal satellite navigation terminal antennae with wide-band circular polarized wide wave beam; Be made up of feeding network and antenna body two parts, antenna body comprises radome, dielectric support, metal radiation patch, four L type metal feed probes and metallic reflection plate; In L type metal feed probes embedding medium supports, in the groove above metal radiation patch embedding medium supports; Dielectric support is connected to an integral body with outside radome; Feeding network comprises that little band merit divides phase-shift network and metallic shield box, and little band merit divides phase-shift network to adopt little band merit of one minute four to divide phase-shift network, 90 ° of the phase phasic differences successively of four distributing points; The metallic shield box is positioned at antenna body metallic reflection plate below, and little band merit divides phase-shift network to be installed in the metallic shield box, at the total delivery outlet of network sub-miniature A connector is installed; Four L type metal feed probes of antenna body and little band merit of antenna feeding network divide phase-shift network to link together through metal electric.
Said radome adopts identical dielectric material with dielectric support, and it is 1＜ε that the relative dielectric constant ε r of dielectric material chooses scope
r＜20.
Said radome and dielectric support are as a whole for design.
Said metal radiation patch is round, its radius
Wherein f is an operating frequency of antenna, and unit is GHz, ε
rBe the relative dielectric constant of dielectric support, the unit of r is centimetre.
Said metal radiation patch is a square, and its length of side does
C is the free space light velocity, and f is an operating frequency of antenna, and unit is GHz, ε
rBe the relative dielectric constant of dielectric support, the unit of length of side a is centimetre.
Said metallic shield box and the design of antenna metallic reflection plate are as a whole, and metallic shield box upper wall serves as antenna metallic reflection plate, has reduced antenna volume.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage:
1, owing to adopt new L type probe feed technology, antenna of the present invention can reach more than 40% relative bandwidth the bandwidth of microstrip antenna broadening greatly.The inherent defect of microstrip antenna is a narrow-band, and general relative bandwidth is less than 5%.For the bandwidth of broadening microstrip antenna, this antenna adopts L type probe feed technology, because common feed probes shows as electric capacity, loads through the L type, can increase the inductance of feed probes, like this through the size of optimization L type probe, makes antenna relative bandwidth broadening.
2, because the present invention has adopted the nested microstrip antenna of medium to realize technology, improved the low elevation gain of microstrip antenna greatly, 5 ° of elevation gains of this antenna are greater than-5dBi.Have favorable mechanical characteristic and temperature characterisitic simultaneously.The microstrip antenna directional diagram itself has the characteristics of hemisphere, broad beam; Antenna of the present invention is nested in the metal radiation patch in the Supporting Media; Through optimizing the size of metal patch and medium, can be so that the microstrip antenna wave beam be wideer, thus obtain good low elevation gain.
3, the present invention has adopted the four-point feed technology, rationally controls the amplitude and the phase unbalance degree of four distributing points of feeding network, makes antenna have good circular polarization characteristics, and antenna is groundwork angular domain circular polarization axial ratio AR＜3dB in frequency range.Four L type feed probes are symmetrically distributed, and have guaranteed the omni-directional of antenna bearingt face directional diagram, have less deviation in roundness.
4, the broadband character of antenna of the present invention is accomplished and can be obtained in antenna mount, and is simple in structure, need not debugging, has good consistency.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is an end view of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a feeding network structure chart of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is standing-wave ratio of the present invention (VSWR) bandwidth test figure;
Fig. 5 is directional diagram of the present invention and gain design drawing.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described further.
Like Fig. 1, shown in 2 and 3, multimodal satellite navigation terminal antennae with wide-band circular polarized wide wave beam of the present invention, envelope antenna body and feeding network two parts.
Antenna body comprises radome and dielectric support 1, metal radiation patch 2, L type metal feed probes 3 and metallic reflection plate 4.The radome of present embodiment and dielectric support 1 integrated design, both are identical dielectric material.The environmental requirement of its work of dielectric material major concern is such as ambient temperature, vibration requirement etc., most importantly its electrical quantity relative dielectric constant ε
r, the scope of choosing is 1＜ε
rThe＜20, the 1st, the theoretical minimum value of free space, if relative dielectric constant greater than 20, loss increases, and causes antenna radiation efficiency to descend, and reduces antenna gain on the contrary.The relative dielectric constant ε of the selection of material in the present embodiment
r=3.15.
Through in this dielectric support 1 internal punches, the vertical component of L type metal probe 3 is embedded wherein, fluting on dielectric support 1 then, with the embedding of L type metal probe 3 horizontal components, vertical component and horizontal component are welded to connect.
On dielectric support 1, leave circular recess, metal radiation patch 2 is embedded.Detailed process is: 5 ° of elevation gains are made as optimization aim, and elder generation keeps the metal patch size constancy, changes the thickness and the length of side of medium respectively, observes the variation of gain, and the thickness that the gain maximum is corresponding and the length of side are as design result.5 ° of elevation gains of this antenna are greater than-5dBi.
At last radome is connected as a wholely with dielectric support 1, then antenna body installs.
The major parameter of L type metal probe 3 is positions of its distributing point, and it is 50 ohm position that the distributing point in the present embodiment is positioned at impedance.The concrete size Selection of L type metal probe 3 vertical component height and horizontal component height can be confirmed according to frequency and institute's testing of materials of selecting for use of design with optimizing.
The size of metal radiation patch 2 is mainly decided by the operating frequency and the dielectric constant of antenna.Metal radiation patch 2 is round in the present embodiment, and its radius is:
Antenna work centre frequency f=1.5GHz wherein, r=3.3 centimetre.
Feeding network of the present invention comprises that little band merit divides phase-shift network 5 and metallic shield box 4; Little band merit divides phase-shift network 5 to adopt little band merit of one minute four to divide phase-shift network; 90 ° of the phase phasic differences successively of four distributing points, promptly the relative phase of four distributing points is respectively 0 °, 90 °, 180 °, 270 °.Metallic shield box and 4 integrated designs of antenna metallic reflection plate in the present embodiment, metallic shield box upper wall serves as the antenna-reflected plate, thereby reduces antenna volume.Divide phase-shift network 5 to be installed in the metallic shield box little band merit, at the total delivery outlet of network sub-miniature A connector is installed, then antenna feeding network installs.
The effect of metallic reflection plate is the suppressing antenna back lobe radiation, improves forward gain.In theory, the size of metallic reflection plate is the bigger the better, but in fact generally confirms its size according to physical constraint (limiting such as installation dimension).
Divide phase-shift network 5 to link together little band merit of four L type metal feed probes of antenna body 3 and antenna feeding network through metal electric.Both structure divisions connect as a whole through screw, then entire antenna installs, and constitutes a broadband, circular polarization, broad beam multimodal satellite navigation terminal antennae.
Fig. 4 is the standing-wave ratio bandwidth test figure of present embodiment, and the bandwidth of its standing-wave ratio bandwidth (VSWR＜2) is 1.02GHz～1.7GHz, and relative bandwidth can satisfy at present and the application demand of following all satellite navigation systems greater than 50%.
Fig. 5 is the principal plane pattern of present embodiment, has described the relation between gain and the angle, can find out that 5 ° of elevation gains of antenna are greater than-5dBi.
Claims (6)
1. multimodal satellite navigation terminal antennae with wide-band circular polarized wide wave beam; It is characterized in that: be made up of feeding network and antenna body two parts, antenna body comprises radome, dielectric support (1), metal radiation patch (2), four L type metal feed probes (3) and metallic reflection plate (4); Four L type metal feed probes (3) differ 90 ° of embedding mediums successively and support in (1), and metal radiation patch (2) embedding medium supports in the groove at middle part above (1); Feeding network comprises that little band merit divides phase-shift network (5) and metallic shield box, and little band merit divides phase-shift network (5) to adopt little band merit of one minute four to divide phase-shift network, 90 ° of the phase phasic differences successively of four distributing points; The metallic shield box is positioned at metallic reflection plate (4) below of antenna body, and said metallic shield box and metallic reflection plate (4) design are as a whole, and metallic shield box upper wall serves as antenna metallic reflection plate, has reduced antenna volume; Little band merit divides phase-shift network (5) to be installed in the metallic shield box, at the total delivery outlet of network sub-miniature A connector is installed; Four L type metal feed probes (3) of antenna body and little band merit divide phase-shift network (5) to link together through metal electric.
2. according to the multimodal satellite navigation terminal antennae with wide-band circular polarized wide wave beam of claim 1, it is characterized in that: said radome adopts identical dielectric material with dielectric support (1), and it is 1＜ε that the relative dielectric constant ε r of dielectric material chooses scope
r＜20.
3. according to the multimodal satellite navigation terminal antennae with wide-band circular polarized wide wave beam of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: said radome and dielectric support (1) design is as a whole.
4. according to the multimodal satellite navigation terminal antennae with wide-band circular polarized wide wave beam of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: said metal radiation patch (2) is round, its radius
Wherein f is an operating frequency of antenna, and unit is GHz, ε
rRelative dielectric constant for dielectric support (1).
5. according to the multimodal satellite navigation terminal antennae with wide-band circular polarized wide wave beam of claim 1, it is characterized in that: said metal radiation patch (2) is square, and its length of side does
Wherein c is the free space light velocity, and f is an operating frequency of antenna, and unit is GHz, ε
rRelative dielectric constant for dielectric support (1).
6. according to the multimodal satellite navigation terminal antennae with wide-band circular polarized wide wave beam of claim 1, it is characterized in that: it is 50 ohm position that the distributing point of said L type metal probe (3) is positioned at impedance.
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| CN200810114877A CN101286592B (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2008-06-13 | Multimodal satellite navigation terminal antennae with wide-band circular polarized wide wave beam |
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| CN101286592B true CN101286592B (en) | 2012-09-26 |
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| CN110265779B (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2024-02-06 | 福州大学 | Dual-cross broadband high-low elevation gain satellite navigation terminal antenna |
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| CN111525280B (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2021-08-17 | 上海交通大学 | Circular polarization scanning array antenna based on Rotman lens |
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| CN112467366B (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2022-11-11 | 西安空间无线电技术研究所 | Near-field low-interference satellite-borne microstrip feed source assembly |
| CN113497358B (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2022-08-12 | 德州学院 | Wide-angle dual-circularly-polarized antenna with low elevation gain enhancement and equipment |
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