CN101285129A - Production process of modem blast furnace nickel smelting for nickel concentrate - Google Patents
Production process of modem blast furnace nickel smelting for nickel concentrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN101285129A CN101285129A CNA2008100498346A CN200810049834A CN101285129A CN 101285129 A CN101285129 A CN 101285129A CN A2008100498346 A CNA2008100498346 A CN A2008100498346A CN 200810049834 A CN200810049834 A CN 200810049834A CN 101285129 A CN101285129 A CN 101285129A
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Abstract
The invention provides a process of producing modern blast furnace nickel smelting with nickel ore concentrate, The process comprises the following steps of: selecting nickel ore concentrate which comprises sulfuration nickel ore, nickel limonite ore and secondary paragenetic ore, and nickel-containing byproduct tailings of main metal mineral processing such as copper, molybdenum, zinc, arsenic and so on; mixing the nickel ore concentrate to obtain mixed ore, the weight percentages of each component of the mixed ore are: Ni=8.5 percent +- 0.5 percent, Fe=30 percent +-0.5 percent, and SiO2=8.5 percent +-0.5 percent; adding the following ingredients into the mixed ore, the ingredients comprise calcareousness CaO, washing head coal, bentonite, manganese slag and hot water; mixing the materials to granulate to obtain sintered materials; sintering, crushing and screening the sintered materials to obtain sintered ore; packing respectively the sintered ore and metallurgical coke with 3.6:1 of the weight proportion into the blast furnace to smelt into nickel pig iron; and carrying out de-C, de-Si, de-P, de-S treatment to the nickel pig iron through a revolving furnace to obtain ferronickel products. The process has the characteristics of less slag quantity, high nickel content, energy economization and emission reduction as well as various minerals.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of blast furnace smelting process, specifically, related to a kind of production process of modem blast furnace nickel smelting for nickel concentrate.
Background technology
Nickel has three kinds of oxide compound: NiO, Ni
3O
4And Ni
2O
3,, form multiple salt with NiO form stable existence; Nickel has four kinds of sulfide: NiS, Ni
6O
5, Ni
3S
2And NiS; Nickel has two kinds of arsenide: NiAs and NiAs
2The essential mineral of above-mentioned nickel compound is nickel-containing limonite, pentlandite, nickel destinezite, millerite, polydymite and chloanthite, and the secondary mineral intergrowth of the oxide compound of nickel and iron composition; In addition, also have the concomitant product with metalliferous minerals such as zinc, lead, molybdenum, copper, titanium, platinum families, and with the concomitant product of non-metallic mineralss such as feldspar, graphite, talcum.
At present, the metallurgy of nickel method is divided pyrogenic process and wet method two big classes; Pyrogenic process smelting nickel respectively adopts four kinds of smelting processes according to sulphide ores, oxidized ore characteristic again.The blast furnace smelting of sulphide ores, reverberatory smelting, the melting of flash stove, electrosmelting technology, the product that obtains is a nickel matte, the nickel matte that produces is not a metal, but the compound of nickel and sulphur or continuous Solid solution, it is the further enrichment of nickel, it needs to obtain metals such as electric nickel, nickel rondelle or nickel powder behind further electrolysis or hydroxyl.The blast furnace smelting of oxidized ore obtains nickel matte; The kiln process sponge iron needs to separate with gangue again; Electrosmelting obtains ferronickel; Blast furnace smelting obtains high phosphorus, high-carbon, the low nickel pig iron, at the ferrophosphorus that arrives that adds under the situation of phosphatic rock.
Traditional nickel Metal Production is mainly extracted from nickel sulfide ore that takes up an area of ball nickel resources 30% and the red soil nickel ore that takes up an area of ball nickel resources 70%; its production technique is all comparatively ripe; but exploit continuously through last 100 years, its reserves wretched insufficiency makes global nickel resources crisis occur at present.
China Patent No. is " 200510102985.X ", the patent of invention that name is called " nickel oxide ore that contains crystal water is through blast-furnace smelting ferronickel technology " disclose a kind of from red soil nickel ore the technology of smelting ferronickel;
Chinese patent application number is " 200710054340.2 " for another example, the patent of invention that name is called " method of using low taste limonite nickeliferous, chromium to smelt low-phosphorous stainless steel base-material " disclose a kind of from the low taste limonite of nickeliferous, chromium the technology of smelting stainless steel base-material;
Chinese patent application number is " 200610039992.4 " for another example, and the patent of invention that name is called " utilizing nickel chromium triangle ore deposit and nickel chromium triangle trade waste to produce the method for nickel chromium triangle agglomerate " discloses a kind of technology of smelting the nickel chromium triangle agglomerate from nickel chromium triangle ore deposit and nickel chromium triangle trade waste;
Above technology, illustrated that all existing nickel resources is extremely nervous, the mineral wealth that can be used for smelting nickel are rare, and, in the prior art, smelting technology can't carry out mixed smelting to the number of different types nickel-containing mineral, and has problems such as smelting back nickel content is low, the quantity of slag big, power consumption height, at these problems, people are seeking a kind of ideal technical solution always.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art, thereby providing a kind of utilizes that mineral are various, nickel content height in the ferronickel, the quantity of slag are little, the production process of modem blast furnace nickel smelting for nickel concentrate that can save energy reduction of discharging.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of production process of modem blast furnace nickel smelting for nickel concentrate, it may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, choose following three types nickel ore concentrate;
A: nickel sulfide ore mining grade Ni=0.3%～2% obtains nickel ore concentrate Ni＞8% through floatation process;
B: nickel limonite and secondary mineral intergrowth mining grade Ni=0.8%～2.0% obtain nickel ore concentrate Ni＞8% through the flocculation reverse floatation process;
C: the nickeliferous byproduct mine tailing of main metal ore dressings such as copper, molybdenum, zinc, lead, arsenic obtains nickel ore concentrate Ni＞8% through beneficiation enrichment;
Step 2, above-mentioned three types nickel ore concentrate is mixed, the ore deposit that must be mixed wherein, makes each composition of gained that is mixed account for the described ore deposit weight ratio that is mixed to be: Ni=8.5% ± 0.5%, Fe=30% ± 0.5%, SiO
2=8.5% ± 0.5%;
Step 3, allocate following each batching in the described ore deposit that is mixed, it respectively accounts for the described ore deposit weight ratio that is mixed and is: lime=7.0% ± 0.15%, clean fine coal=10% ± 0.5%, wilkinite=1%, manganese slag=1%, hot water=9%;
Step 4, with described be mixed ore deposit and above-mentioned each batch mixes granulation, obtain the sintered material of particle diameter 5mm～20mm, granulating rate＞80%;
Step 5, described sintered material then with its fragmentation, screening, obtain the agglomerate of particle diameter 10mm～60mm through the sinter machine sintering;
Step 6, with described agglomerate and metallurgical coke part by weight packing blast furnace with 3.6: 1, carry out melting, wherein, blast furnace air temperature＞1100 ℃, oxygen enrichment percentage＞1%, injecting coal quantity 〉=250kg/t obtains the nickel pig iron;
Step 7, the described nickel pig iron take off C, take off Si, take off P, take off the S processing through converter, and is final, gets the ferronickel product.
In step 3, the content of CaO is greater than 85% in the described lime.
In step 3, MnO content is greater than 8% in the described manganese slag.
In step 3, described hot water water temperature is greater than 80 ℃.
The relative prior art of the present invention has outstanding substantive distinguishing features and obvious improvement, and specifically, this technology has following advantage:
1, the general used mineral of blast furnace nickel smelting technology are nickel oxide ore, utilize mineral single, the used mineral of this technology are except that the oxidation nickel minerals, also can use nickel sulfide ore, nickel arsenide ore deposit, nickel-containing limonite and the nickeliferous byproduct of other metal and nonmetal ore dressing, have mineral wide material sources, characteristics that the mineral resources comprehensive utilization degree is high, meet the state basic policy that makes full use of resource, realizes Sustainable development;
2, the general used mineral nickel of blast furnace nickel smelting technology content does not meet " fine fodder " principle of modern blast furnace metallurgy between 0.6%～4.0%, and the used mineral nickel of this technology content demonstrates fully blast furnace " fine fodder " principle about 8.0%;
3, the general blast furnace nickel smelting technology quantity of slag is big, and the quantity of slag is at 2.5t/t
Iron, 3.0t/t
Iron, even higher, nickel metal conversion coke ratio is at 25t/t
Iron, 28t/t
IronOr 30t/t
Iron, even higher, this technology quantity of slag is less than 1.7t/t
Iron, nickel metal conversion coke ratio is less than 5t/t
Iron, saving burnt rate more than 400%, this is for saving the most valuable metallurgical coke resource of country, realizing that energy-saving and emission-reduction have very great strategic importance;
4, general blast furnace nickel smelting technology can not coal powder injection, and this technology can realize oxygen-enriched injection under " fine fodder " principle, and injecting coal quantity is greater than 250kg/t
Iron, injecting coal quantity is higher than country's best index of pulverized coal injection at present, and wherein, the Baosteel injecting coal quantity is 218kg/t;
5, the product nickel pig iron nickel content of general blast furnace nickel smelting technology does not reach the index of " nickel 〉=20% " stipulated in the national ferronickel standard far away between 0.9%～15%, and this handicraft product nickel content reaches more than 20%, is better than national standard.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
A kind of production process of modem blast furnace nickel smelting for nickel concentrate may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, choose following three types nickel ore concentrate;
A: nickel sulfide ore mining grade Ni=0.3%～2% obtains nickel ore concentrate Ni＞8% through flotation beneficiation technology;
B: nickel limonite and secondary mineral intergrowth mining grade Ni=0.8%～2.0% obtain nickel ore concentrate Ni＞8% through flocculation reverse flotation ore-dressing technique;
C: the nickeliferous byproduct mine tailing of main metal ore dressings such as copper, molybdenum, zinc, lead, arsenic obtains nickel ore concentrate Ni＞8% through beneficiation enrichment;
Step 2, above-mentioned three types nickel ore concentrate is mixed, the ore deposit that must be mixed, wherein, each composition of gained that is mixed accounts for the described ore deposit weight ratio that is mixed and is:
Ni＝8.5％±0.5％，Fe＝30％±0.5％，SiO
2＝8.5％±0.5％；
Step 3, allocate following each batching in the described ore deposit that is mixed, it respectively accounts for the described ore deposit weight ratio that is mixed and is:
Lime=7.0% ± 0.15%, clean fine coal=10% ± 0.5%, wilkinite=1%, manganese slag=1%, hot water=9%, wherein, the content of CaO is greater than 85% in the described lime, and the manganese slag contains MnO＞8%, hot water water temperature＞80 ℃;
Step 4, with described be mixed ore deposit and above-mentioned each batch mixes granulation, obtain the sintered material of particle diameter 5mm～20mm, granulating rate＞80%;
Step 5, described sintered material then with its fragmentation, screening, obtain the agglomerate that particle diameter 10mm～60mm does not wait through the sinter machine sintering, and described agglomerate composition is as follows:
Fe=26% ± 1%, Ni=7.5% ± 0.5%, basicity is 0.7 ± 0.05%;
Step 6, with described agglomerate and metallurgical coke part by weight packing blast furnace with 3.6: 1, carry out melting, wherein, blast furnace air temperature＞1100 ℃, oxygen enrichment percentage＞1%, injecting coal quantity 〉=250kg/t obtains the nickel pig iron, its composition is:
Fe＜70％，Ni＞20％，C＝4.0％，Si≤1.6％，Mn≤0.8％，Cr≤3.0％，P≤0.12％，S≤0.05％；
Step 7, the described nickel pig iron take off C, take off Si, take off P, take off the S processing through converter, and is final, gets the ferronickel product, and its composition is:
Ni≥20.0～30.0％，C≤0.03％，Si≤0.05％，P≤0.03％，S≤0.04％。
Technology nickel ore concentrate smelting nickel of the present invention has been optimized thermal technology's condition of gas fluid in blast furnace:
By Δ P
ω/ Δ L={K
1[(1-ε+hi)/dw]
2μ
kV+[K
2(1-ε+hi)/dwPV
2}/(q-hi)
3, total holdup rate hi=h
0+ 0.679HXp
2
Technology nickel ore concentrate smelting nickel of the present invention has been optimized thermal technology's condition of cohesive zone:
Technology nickel ore concentrate smelting nickel of the present invention can be realized minimum coke ratio:
The main chemical reactions that relates in the technology of the present invention:
C
(s)+O
2(g)→CO
(g)
NiO
(s)+CO
(g)→Ni
(s)+CO
2(g)
NiO
(s)+H
2(g)→Ni
(s)+H
2O
(g)
Fe
2O
3+CO
(g)→Fe
3O
4(s)+CO
2(g)
Fe
2O
3+H
2(g)→Fe
3O
4(s)+H
2O
(g)
Fe
3O
4(s)+CO
(g)→FeO
(s)+CO
2(g)
Fe
3O
4(s)+H
2(g)→FeO
(s)+H
2O
(g)
FeO
(s)+CO
(g)→Fe
(s)+CO
2(g)
FeO
(s)+H
2(g)→Fe
(s)+H
2O
(g)
The equilibrium constant
Or
The ferronickel priming cost is formed and the benefit brief analysis:
| Project | Unit consumption t/t | Unit price (unit) | The amount of money (unit) |
| Nickel ore concentrate | 2.73 | 7000 | 19110 |
| Coke | 0.98 | 2200 | 2156 |
| Cleaned coal | 0.25 | 800 | 200 |
| Electric power and various flux | -- | -- | 600 |
| Wage and all kinds of auxiliary consumption | -- | -- | 200 |
| Add up to | 22266 |
Last table calculates with existing Renminbi and dollar currency rate at 7: 1;
Existing ferronickel price is to calculate by containing the Ni percentage amounts, 1900 yuan/ton of every percentage point prices, and only by Ni=20%, ferronickel price per ton is 38000 yuan;
From last table, be not difficult to find out, deduct every production cost, the production gross profit of ferronickel per ton is 15734 yuan, deduct financial expense, marketing expenses, the expenses of taxation and business administration expense again, the gross profit of ferronickel per ton is not less than 10934 yuan, adopts technology of the present invention to have high performance price ratio.
Following table is a part country ferronickel standard major ingredient table:
| Country | The trade mark | Ni(％) | P(％) | S(％) | Si(％) | C(％) |
| China | FeNi25 | 20～30 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.03 |
| Japan | FNiL2 | 17～18 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.30 | 0.02 |
| Germany | FeNi25 | 20～30 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.03 |
| France | FeNi20LC | 15～25 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.20 | 0.03 |
| Sweden | FeNi20LCLP | 15～25 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.20 | 0.03 |
From last table, be not difficult to find out, adopt technology of the present invention to meet domestic and international technological standard requirement fully, for blast furnace process production meets " GB ", " international mark " trade mark ferronickel has been opened up new approach with the nickel content of blast-furnace smelting ferronickel; Simultaneously, compare with other " blast furnace process ", this technology has more significant advantage.
Should be noted that at last: above embodiment is only in order to illustrate that technical scheme of the present invention is not intended to limit; Although with reference to preferred embodiment the present invention is had been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the field are to be understood that: still can make amendment or the part technical characterictic is equal to replacement the specific embodiment of the present invention; And not breaking away from the spirit of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the technical scheme scope that the present invention asks for protection.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of production process of modem blast furnace nickel smelting for nickel concentrate is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, choose following three types nickel ore concentrate;
A: nickel sulfide ore mining grade Ni=0.3%～2% obtains nickel ore concentrate Ni＞8% through floatation process;
B: nickel limonite and secondary mineral intergrowth mining grade Ni=0.8%～2.0% obtain nickel ore concentrate Ni＞8% through the flocculation reverse floatation process;
C: the nickeliferous byproduct mine tailing of main metal ore dressings such as copper, molybdenum, zinc, lead, arsenic obtains nickel ore concentrate Ni＞8% through beneficiation enrichment;
Step 2, above-mentioned three types nickel ore concentrate is mixed, the ore deposit that must be mixed wherein, makes each composition of gained that is mixed account for the described ore deposit weight ratio that is mixed to be: Ni=8.5% ± 0.5%, Fe=30% ± 0.5%, SiO
2=8.5% ± 0.5%;
Step 3, allocate following each batching in the described ore deposit that is mixed, it respectively accounts for the described ore deposit weight ratio that is mixed and is: lime=7.0% ± 0.15%, clean fine coal=10% ± 0.5%, wilkinite=1%, manganese slag=1%, hot water=9%;
Step 4, with described be mixed ore deposit and above-mentioned each batch mixes granulation, obtain the sintered material of particle diameter 5mm～20mm, granulating rate＞80%;
Step 5, described sintered material then with its fragmentation, screening, obtain the agglomerate of particle diameter 10mm～60mm through the sinter machine sintering;
Step 6, with described agglomerate and metallurgical coke part by weight packing blast furnace smelting with 3.6: 1, wherein, blast furnace air temperature＞1100 ℃, oxygen enrichment percentage＞1%, injecting coal quantity 〉=250kg/t obtains the nickel pig iron;
Step 7, the described nickel pig iron take off C, take off Si, take off P, take off the S processing through converter, and is final, gets the ferronickel product.
2, production process of modem blast furnace nickel smelting for nickel concentrate according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in step 3, the content of CaO is greater than 85% in the described lime.
3, production process of modem blast furnace nickel smelting for nickel concentrate according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in step 3, MnO content is greater than 8% in the described manganese slag.
4, production process of modem blast furnace nickel smelting for nickel concentrate according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in step 3, described hot water water temperature is greater than 80 ℃.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100498346A CN101285129B (en) | 2008-05-22 | 2008-05-22 | Production process of modem blast furnace nickel smelting for nickel concentrate |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100498346A CN101285129B (en) | 2008-05-22 | 2008-05-22 | Production process of modem blast furnace nickel smelting for nickel concentrate |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101285129A true CN101285129A (en) | 2008-10-15 |
| CN101285129B CN101285129B (en) | 2010-07-07 |
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|---|---|---|---|
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102719582A (en) * | 2012-07-03 | 2012-10-10 | 刘光火 | Process for smelting low-quality complex ore |
| CN103103366A (en) * | 2013-02-20 | 2013-05-15 | 罕王实业集团有限公司 | Method for controlling energy saving and environment protecting laterite nickel ore smelting shaft furnace temperature by silicothermic process |
| CN103131872A (en) * | 2013-02-20 | 2013-06-05 | 罕王实业集团有限公司 | Method of controlling temperature of energy-saving environment-friendly laterite-nickel ore smelting shaft furnace through aluminothermic process |
| CN103506223A (en) * | 2012-06-20 | 2014-01-15 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Combined treatment method for dressing and smelting iron ore |
| CN103911561A (en) * | 2013-01-08 | 2014-07-09 | 朝阳鸿翔高新材料有限公司 | Low-phosphorus low-sulphur nickel-containing pig iron and its preparation method |
| WO2015015468A1 (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2015-02-05 | Louis Johannes Fourie | A ferronickel product and a process for its production |
| CN111534685A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-08-14 | 中国安全生产科学研究院 | Method for treating complex sulfide concentrate |
-
2008
- 2008-05-22 CN CN2008100498346A patent/CN101285129B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103506223A (en) * | 2012-06-20 | 2014-01-15 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Combined treatment method for dressing and smelting iron ore |
| CN103506223B (en) * | 2012-06-20 | 2016-01-20 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Combined treatment method for dressing and smelting iron ore |
| CN102719582A (en) * | 2012-07-03 | 2012-10-10 | 刘光火 | Process for smelting low-quality complex ore |
| CN102719582B (en) * | 2012-07-03 | 2014-10-29 | 刘光火 | Process for smelting low-quality complex ore |
| CN103911561A (en) * | 2013-01-08 | 2014-07-09 | 朝阳鸿翔高新材料有限公司 | Low-phosphorus low-sulphur nickel-containing pig iron and its preparation method |
| CN103103366A (en) * | 2013-02-20 | 2013-05-15 | 罕王实业集团有限公司 | Method for controlling energy saving and environment protecting laterite nickel ore smelting shaft furnace temperature by silicothermic process |
| CN103131872A (en) * | 2013-02-20 | 2013-06-05 | 罕王实业集团有限公司 | Method of controlling temperature of energy-saving environment-friendly laterite-nickel ore smelting shaft furnace through aluminothermic process |
| CN103103366B (en) * | 2013-02-20 | 2014-07-16 | 罕王实业集团有限公司 | Method for controlling energy saving and environment protecting laterite nickel ore smelting shaft furnace temperature by silicothermic process |
| CN103131872B (en) * | 2013-02-20 | 2015-06-03 | 罕王实业集团有限公司 | Method of controlling temperature of energy-saving environment-friendly laterite-nickel ore smelting shaft furnace through aluminothermic process |
| WO2015015468A1 (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2015-02-05 | Louis Johannes Fourie | A ferronickel product and a process for its production |
| CN111534685A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-08-14 | 中国安全生产科学研究院 | Method for treating complex sulfide concentrate |
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|---|---|
| CN101285129B (en) | 2010-07-07 |
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