CN101269903B - Further advanced treatment technique and apparatus for sewage water of oil refining - Google Patents
Further advanced treatment technique and apparatus for sewage water of oil refining Download PDFInfo
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- CN101269903B CN101269903B CN2008101050106A CN200810105010A CN101269903B CN 101269903 B CN101269903 B CN 101269903B CN 2008101050106 A CN2008101050106 A CN 2008101050106A CN 200810105010 A CN200810105010 A CN 200810105010A CN 101269903 B CN101269903 B CN 101269903B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
The invention discloses a further advanced treatment process and a device of oil refining sewage, wherein, the process includes the steps that: firstly, water discharged by a sewage treatment plant enters into an air floatation reaction device, and the air floatation reaction device is utilized to perform the air floatation technology treatment on sewage; secondly, water after being treated by the air floatation reaction device enters into an aeration biological filtration device, and the aeration biological filtration device is utilized to perform the aeration biological technology treatment on the entered water; thirdly, water after being treated by the aeration biological filtration device enters into a micro flocculation reaction device, and the micro flocculation reaction device is utilized to perform the micro flocculation technology treatment on the entered water; fourthly, water after being treated by the micro flocculation reaction device enters into a hyperfiltration reaction device, and the hyperfiltration reaction device is utilized to perform the hyperfiltration treatment on the entered water; fifthly, water after being treated by the hyperfiltration reaction device enters into a reverse osmosis apparatus, and the reverse osmosis apparatus is utilized to perform the reverse osmosis treatment on the entered water, and outputs the usable finished water. The device performs the further advanced treatment on the sewage to accord with the reuse requirements of a refinery, the operation is simple, and the cost is low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is about a kind of sewage treatment process and equipment; More particularly, remake the technology and the device of further advanced treatment after handling with sewage work with sewage about a kind of oil refining.
Background technology
The shortage of water resources, the recycling that causes water resources is effectively to solve one of important channel of water resources shortage at present, and in the tradition recycling of water generally all through coagulation, clarification, filter, technological process such as clean water basin and water outlet, and before coagulation process, drop into medicine and before clean water basin technology chlorination increase treatment effect, but the water after existing refinery is used all is directly to discharge after sewage work handles, and there is the bigger problem of water consumption in oil refining enterprise, therefore press for the water that refinery is discharged and carry out advanced treatment, to meet the requirement that reuses.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly reuse the technology and the device of requirement to meet refinery after making further advanced treatment to the water of handling the back discharge through sewage work.
The further advanced treatment technique of oil refining sewerage includes the following step among the present invention:
1) will enter the air supporting reaction unit by the water that sewage work discharges, and utilize the air supporting reaction unit that sewage is carried out air flotation technology and handle;
2) enter the biological aerated filter device by the water after the processing of air supporting reaction unit, utilize the biological aerated filter device that the water after handling through air flotation technology is carried out the aeration and biological technical finesse;
3) enter little flocculation reaction device by the water after the processing of biological aerated filter device, utilize little flocculation reaction device that the water after the aeration and biological technical finesse is carried out little flocculation technique and handle;
4) enter the ultrafiltration reaction unit by the water after little flocculation reaction device processing, utilize the ultrafiltration reaction unit that the water after handling through little flocculation technique is carried out uf processing;
5) enter reverse osmosis unit by the water after the processing of ultrafiltration reaction unit, utilize reverse osmosis unit that the water after handling through ultra-filtration technique is carried out reverse-osmosis treated, and export spendable clear water.
Described water of being discharged by sewage work was to flow into the sewage equalizing tank from stream mode before technology among the present invention also was included in described step 1), the water quality of regulating the water water yield and homogeneous to come water by described sewage equalizing tank, and make water input air supporting reaction unit after the sewage equalizing tank is handled via sewage pump.
Technology among the present invention also is included in uses hyperfiltration reverse-rinsing water pump, ultrafiltration water tank, ultrafiltration product water pump, security personnel's strainer and high-pressure pump to enter in the reverse osmosis unit of step 5) after being for further processing by the water after the described ultrafiltration reaction unit uf processing between described step 4) and the step 5).
Technology among the present invention increases the step that ion exchange treatment is arranged after also being included in described step 5).
Technology among the present invention also is included between described step 5) and the described ion exchange treatment step and handles via fresh-water tank and fresh water pump successively.
Increase had sweet-water tank that water is done further desalination processing after technology among the present invention also was included in described ion exchange treatment step.
The further advanced treatment apparatus of oil refining sewerage includes air supporting reaction unit, biological aerated filter device, little flocculation reaction device, ultrafiltration reaction unit, reverse osmosis unit and control device among the present invention, and described air supporting reaction unit, biological aerated filter device, little flocculation reaction device, ultrafiltration reaction unit and reverse osmosis unit are communicated with in regular turn via pipeline.
The further advanced treatment apparatus of oil refining sewerage also includes sewage equalizing tank and the lift pump that is connected with described air supporting reaction unit water inlet through pipeline among the present invention.
The further advanced treatment apparatus of oil refining sewerage also includes the sludge treatment equipment that is communicated with described sewage equalizing tank, air supporting reaction unit, biological aerated filter device, little flocculation reaction device and ultrafiltration reaction unit and can handles the mud that described sewage equalizing tank, air supporting reaction unit, biological aerated filter device, little flocculation reaction device and ultrafiltration reaction unit produce via pipeline among the present invention.
The further advanced treatment apparatus of oil refining sewerage also includes the film washing unit of the film that is used for cleaning ultrafiltration reaction unit and reverse osmosis unit and the mixed bed behind described reverse osmosis unit among the present invention.
Can be behind the sewage further advanced treatment technique among employing the present invention to being for further processing through the pretreated water of sewage work, acquisition can meet the water of reusing requirement, function with conserve water resource, and each device that is adopted among the present invention is existing commercially available matured product, when using separately, can not satisfy the water purification requirement, and after being used in combination, can make water reach the requirement that reuses, and cooperate the use of control device, has easy to operate, with low cost advantage.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the further advanced treatment apparatus of oil refining sewerage among the present invention;
Fig. 2 handles the schema of advanced treatment process for oil refining sewerage among the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the specific embodiment among the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, the further advanced treatment apparatus of the oil refining sewerage among the present invention includes air supporting reaction unit, biological aerated filter device 2, little flocculation reaction device 3, ultrafiltration reaction unit 4, reverse osmosis unit 5 and the control device (not shown) of utilizing pipeline to be communicated with, wherein:
The air supporting reaction unit includes cavitation aerator device 1 and is located at the coagulant aids chemicals dosing plant 15 at water-in 13 places, flocculation agent chemicals dosing plant 16 and be used for dosing medicine and water are carried out blended line mixer 17, wherein cavitation aerator device 1 has the cavitation solarization air cell that is provided with along wall box, this side box wall is provided with the water-in 13 that is communicated with cavitation solarization air cell, be provided with the tubular shaft 14 that extend in the cavitation solarization air cell from edge, casing top, the upper end of tubular shaft 14 links to each other with motor 11 by shaft coupling, the bottom is equipped with the diffusing gas impeller 12 that is communicated with tubular shaft 14 inner chambers, the blade that is somebody's turn to do the gas impeller 12 that looses is provided with air dispelling hole, simultaneously be provided with chain mud scraper 10, and be provided with clear water output 18 at the opposite side of relative water-in 13 on box inside top.After sewage is entered from water-in 13, take away the impurity of sewage, and go out clear water output 18 outputs by " microbubble " that produce.Advantages such as it is many that the cavitation aerator device of utilization of the present invention has microbubble quantity, and lifetime is long in water, and scrubbing is effective, and service life of equipment is long because this cavitation aerator device is a prior art, describe in detail no longer separately at this.
Biological aerated filter device 2 is a BAF, is provided with the filter material layer 21 that filtrate is equipped with in inside in this BAF, is provided with water-in 22 below filter material layer 21, and is provided with water outlet 23 in the BAF upper end.Wherein water-in 22 is communicated with the clear water output 18 of air supporting reaction unit by pipeline.And outside BAF, backwash device of air 24 is arranged and the aerating apparatus 25 of oxygen can be provided by pipe connection.(the Biological Aerated Filter of BAF among the present invention, what use in the filter material layer 21 BAFS) is a kind of spherical ceramics filling, on its surface and open lumen space growth microbial film is arranged, when sewage is flowed through filter material layer 21 from bottom to top, organic pollutant in the microbial film absorption sewage is as himself metabolic nutritive substance, and provide under the condition of aeration in filter material layer 21 bottoms, gas, water are all the upward flow attitude, make the organism in the waste water obtain aerobic degradation, and carry out nitrated denitrogenation.This biological aerated filter device 2 regularly utilizes the water after handling to carry out back flushing through 26 pairs of BAF of pipeline, gets rid of the aging microbial film of filter material surface propagation, to guarantee the activity of microbial film.
Little flocculation reaction device 3 includes little flocculation tank, in little flocculation tank, be provided with the efficient flocculating reaction box, this casing utilizes the countless flaps unit (not shown) that is provided with in the reaction box to change the flow direction of process reaction box current, increase flocculation reaction particulate collision probability, thereby increase flocculation reaction effectively.Before flocculation tank, be provided with tubular static mixer 30, the plurality of fixed mixed cell is installed in static mixer 30, each mixed cell is intersected by certain angle by the plurality of fixed blade to be formed, can be cut apart, alter course by these mixed cells and form during when the former water that adds medicaments by flocculation agent chemicals dosing plant 16 and swim the whirlpool, be dispersed in purpose in the former water to reach medicament through this static mixer 30.Because little flocculation reaction device 3 and static mixer 30 are commercially available matured product, explanation no longer separately.
The ultra-filtration membrane isolation technique that ultrafiltration reaction unit 4 adopts, wherein the material of ultra-filtration membrane employing is the tubular fibre of PVDF or PES, its surface active layer densification, supporting layer is spongy network structure, have withstand voltage, antipollution, long service life, and can guarantee to produce water water quality for a long time, colloid, suspended particle and polymer substance are had good separating power.
Reverse osmosis unit 5 is mainly used in the dissolved salts of removing in the water, removes some organic macromolecules simultaneously, the small-particle that the last stage does not remove etc.Ultrafiltration reaction unit 4, reverse osmosis unit 5 are commercially available matured product, explanation no longer separately.
Sludge treatment equipment be can also be provided with, the film washing unit of film of ultrafiltration reaction unit 5 and reverse osmosis unit 5 and the mixed bed behind described reverse osmosis unit are used for cleaning.
Utilize said apparatus, the further advanced treatment technique of oil refining sewerage includes the following step among the present invention:
1) will enter the air supporting reaction unit by the water that sewage work discharges, and utilize the air supporting reaction unit that sewage is carried out air flotation technology and handle;
2) enter the biological aerated filter device by the water after the processing of air supporting reaction unit, utilize the biological aerated filter device that the water after handling through air flotation technology is carried out the aeration and biological technical finesse;
3) enter little flocculation reaction device by the water after the processing of biological aerated filter device, utilize little flocculation reaction device that the water after the aeration and biological technical finesse is carried out little flocculation technique and handle;
4) enter the ultrafiltration reaction unit by the water after little flocculation reaction device processing, utilize the ultrafiltration reaction unit that the water after handling through little flocculation technique is carried out uf processing;
5) enter reverse osmosis unit by the water after the processing of ultrafiltration reaction unit, utilize reverse osmosis unit that the water after handling through ultra-filtration technique is carried out reverse-osmosis treated, and export spendable clear water.
Can also increase after described step 5) has the bed of mixing treatment step, handles via fresh-water tank and fresh water pump successively between described step 5) and the mixed bed treatment step.
For the water quality that further guarantees the normal operation of each device and guarantee to export, technological process is as follows more specifically among the present invention: as shown in Figure 2
1, sewage is regulated
The water that comes out from oil refining sewerage treatment plant sand filter can flow into sewage equalizing tank 6 by the mode of gravity flow, the water unstable that goes out owing to oil refining sewerage treatment plant, therefore, utilize sewage equalizing tank 6 to regulate the water yield and homogeneous to come the water quality of water, guarantee the stability and the continuity of follow-up advanced treatment, the useful volume of sewage equalizing tank 6 is 2700m
3, the adjusting time is 2.7 hours.
2, air supporting reaction
Sewage after handling in sewage equalizing tank 6 rises in the line mixer 17 of air supporting reaction unit by the effect of sewage pump 7, with enter cavitation aerator device 1 after coagulation, coagulant aids that dosing pump in coagulant aids chemicals dosing plant 15, the flocculation agent chemicals dosing plant 16 is sent mix, carry out sewage disposal by impeller inflatable air supporting machine and chain mud scraper 10 in the cavitation aerator device 1, the time of staying that sewage stops in cavitation aerator device 1 is 18～21min.In this step owing to added flocculation agent and coagulant aids, can significantly improve the removal efficient of oil in water emulsion in the waste water, suspended particulates, colloidalmaterial and solubility COD material, the clearance and the suspended solid clearance of oil reach respectively more than 75% and 70% in the air supporting reaction unit.
Wherein flocculation agent is polymerize aluminum chloride (PAC), and it has higher electric charge and molecular weight, thereby absorption is taken off steady and the bonding bridging action is all stronger, be added in the water after the excellent coagulation effect of performance rapidly.
That coagulant aids adopts is polyacrylamide (PAM), is used for adsorbing the suspended particles in the sewage, and it is crosslinked that macromolecular chain is twined mutually, forms to build bridge, thereby makes flucculation structure increase chap, is beneficial to the removal of suspended particles.
3, aeration and biological reaction
The water that comes out from the air supporting reaction unit enters biological aerated filter device 2 through pipeline, promptly the sewage of handling through the air supporting reaction unit enters from biological aerated filter device 2 bottoms, through filter material layer 21, the oxygen supply aerating apparatus 25 of filter material layer 21 bottoms setting simultaneously provides aeration, gas, water are upwards flowed simultaneously, organism is decomposed by microbiological oxidation when the bed of material 21 after filtration, and NH3-N is oxidized to NO3-N; In addition because in the filter material layer of piling up 21 and the inside of microbial film have the anaerobic/anoxic environment, realization part denitrification is directly discharged from the water outlet 23 on biological aerated filter device 2 tops in nitrated.
Biological aerated filter device (Biological Aerated Filter wherein, abbreviation BAFS) in the filter material layer 21 is spherical ceramics filling, on its surface and open lumen space growth microbial film is arranged, when sewage is flowed through filter material layer from bottom to top, organic pollutant in the microbial film absorption sewage is as himself metabolic nutritive substance, relend and help the filter material layer bottom aeration oxygen supply is provided, make the organism in the waste water obtain aerobic degradation, and carry out nitrated denitrogenation.
4, little flocculation reaction
Make the water of biological aerated filter device 2 outputs enter tubular static mixer 30, add flocculation agent simultaneously, in tubular static mixer 30, mix laggard flocculation reaction device in a subtle way 3, utilize the countless flaps unit that is provided with in little flocculation reaction device 3 to change the flow direction of process reaction tank current, increase flocculation reaction particulate collision probability, thereby effectively increase flocculation reaction.Be about 15～24 minutes in the reaction times of reaction tank.
5, ultrafiltration reaction
The water that comes out from little flocculation reaction device 3 enters clean water basin 8, and further send into ultrafiltration reaction unit 4 through fresh water pump 9 and ultrafiltration intake pump 40, utilize the ultra-filtration membrane in the ultrafiltration reaction unit 4 that water is further filtered, wherein ultra-filtration membrane employing material is the tubular fibre of PVDF, the active layer densification on surface, supporting layer is spongy network structure, have withstand voltage, antipollution, long service life, and can guarantee to produce water water quality for a long time, to colloid, suspended particle and polymer substance have good separating power, and the reaction of ultrafiltration in the present invention mainly is the colloid of further removing in the water, bacterium and larger molecular organics.
Before from clean water basin 8, water being entered ultrafiltration reaction unit 4, can add clorox (NaCLO) oxygenants, grow on the ultra-filtration membrane surface to prevent bacterial micro-organism, and organism liquid is had certain removal effect by oxygenant chemicals dosing plant 41 by fresh water pump 9.
6, reverse osmosis reaction
The water that comes out from ultrafiltration reaction unit 4 enters the reverse osmosis unit 5 through hyperfiltration reverse-rinsing water pump 42, ultrafiltration water tank 43, ultrafiltration product water pump 44, security personnel's strainer 45 and high-pressure pump 46, mainly the dissolved salts of removing in the water in reverse osmosis unit 5, remove some organic macromolecules simultaneously, the small-particle that the last stage does not remove etc.And between ultrafiltration product water pump 44 and security personnel's strainer 45, be added with Scale inhibitors and reductive agent by reductive agent chemicals dosing plant 47 and Scale inhibitors chemicals dosing plant 48, wherein Scale inhibitors is a kind of organic compound material, except can under bright lattice rel index (LSI)=2.6 situation operation, can also stop the fouling of SO42-, its main effect is the solvability that increases scale forming matter in the water relatively, to prevent of the pollution of materials such as lime carbonate, magnesiumcarbonate, calcium sulfate, can prevent that iron ion from stopping up the micropore of film simultaneously to film.Reductive agent is a sodium bisulfite, is used for the chlorine residue of reductive water.
Security personnel's strainer 45 is in order to remove the suspended substance more than the 5 μ m, and is not blocked with the protection reverse osmosis membrane, and the accurate filter that therefore is otherwise known as is last one treatment process before former water enters reverse osmosis membrane.Because reverse osmosis membrane is to work under the pressure-driven of high-pressure pump 46, pressure is usually above 1.0MPa, if after having mechanical impurity to enter reverse osmosis membrane, then under the driving of high-pressure pump 46, mechanical impurity will directly scratch reverse osmosis membrane, cause the destruction of reverse osmosis membrane and the permanent decline of ratio of desalinization.Since usually from the rising pipe of ultrafiltration to the water inlet pipe of reverse osmosis unit 5 certain distance being arranged and being connected with pipeline (pipeline welding slag etc.), high-pressure pump 46, boosting pump, water tank etc., particularly ultrafiltration water tank 43 grades are polluted and the part solia particle that produces enters in the reverse osmosis membrane easily, make reverse osmosis membrane that dirty stifled or scuffing take place, therefore be provided with security personnel's strainer 45 and come these impurity is held back.Except granule foreign, 45 pairs of turbidity of security personnel's strainer, iron and silicon isocolloid material all have good removal effect.Dress wound form or spray fusing polypropylene filter cores (5 microns of filtration grade) in security personnel's strainer 45 are imported and exported and are established pressure indicator, should be in time when pressure reduction reaches set(ting)value renew cartridge more.
7, ion exchange reaction
To enter ion-exchanger through pipeline by the water that reverse osmosis unit 5 comes out, water is done in the further de-salted water engineering, specifically be processed water is flowed through respectively from top to bottom or from bottom to top resin layer that strong acid, the alkali resin layer of certain altitude or the two kinds of mixed with resin of directly flowing through form is produced finished product water.Can generate the very low water molecules (H of degree of ionization by hydrogen ion in the laggard entry of ion-exchange and hydroxide ion
2Thereby can produce the quite high finished product water of purity O).
In above-mentioned technological process, can also increase and be provided with sludge treating system and sweet-water tank, soon the mud of scum silica frost that produces in sewage equalizing tank 6, air supporting reaction unit, biological aerated filter device 2, little flocculation reaction device 3 and ultrafiltration reaction unit 4 operational processs and inclined tube discharge carries out concentration by concentration basin, last directly discharge.The film washing unit that is used for cleaning ultrafiltration reaction unit 4 and reverse osmosis unit 5 films also is equipped with in order to ensure the normal operation of ultrafiltration reaction unit 4 and reverse osmosis unit 5, in addition.Because sludge treatment and film clean and are mature technology, in this explanation no longer separately.The sweet-water tank that increases is made further desalination to water and is handled.
Claims (10)
1. the further advanced treatment technique of an oil refining sewerage includes the following step:
1) will enter the air supporting reaction unit by the water that sewage work discharges, and utilize the air supporting reaction unit that sewage is carried out air flotation technology and handle;
2) enter the biological aerated filter device by the water after the processing of air supporting reaction unit, utilize the biological aerated filter device that the water after handling through air flotation technology is carried out the aeration and biological technical finesse;
3) enter little flocculation reaction device by the water after the processing of biological aerated filter device, utilize little flocculation reaction device that the water after the aeration and biological technical finesse is carried out little flocculation technique and handle;
4) enter the ultrafiltration reaction unit by the water after little flocculation reaction device processing, utilize the ultrafiltration reaction unit that the water after handling through little flocculation technique is carried out uf processing;
5) enter reverse osmosis unit by the water after the processing of ultrafiltration reaction unit, utilize reverse osmosis unit that the water after handling through ultra-filtration technique is carried out reverse-osmosis treated, and export spendable clear water.
2. the further advanced treatment technique of oil refining sewerage according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
Described water of being discharged by sewage work is to flow into the sewage equalizing tank from stream mode before described step 1), regulate the water water yield and homogeneous to come water water quality by described sewage equalizing tank, and make the water after the sewage equalizing tank is handled import the air supporting reaction unit via sewage pump.
3. the further advanced treatment technique of oil refining sewerage according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
Using hyperfiltration reverse-rinsing water pump, ultrafiltration water tank, ultrafiltration to produce water pump, security personnel's strainer and high-pressure pump between described step 4) and the step 5) enters in the reverse osmosis unit of step 5) after being for further processing by the water after the described ultrafiltration reaction unit uf processing.
4. according to the further advanced treatment technique of any described oil refining sewerage in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that increasing after the described step 5) has the ion exchange treatment step.
5. the further advanced treatment technique of oil refining sewerage according to claim 4 is characterized in that, handles via fresh-water tank and fresh water pump successively between described step 5) and described ion exchange treatment step.
6. the further advanced treatment technique of oil refining sewerage according to claim 4 is characterized in that, increasing after described ion exchange treatment step has sweet-water tank that water is done further desalination processing.
7. the further advanced treatment apparatus of an oil refining sewerage, include air supporting reaction unit, biological aerated filter device, little flocculation reaction device, ultrafiltration reaction unit, reverse osmosis unit and control device, it is characterized in that: described air supporting reaction unit, biological aerated filter device, little flocculation reaction device, ultrafiltration reaction unit and reverse osmosis unit are communicated with in regular turn via pipeline.
8. according to the further advanced treatment apparatus of the oil refining sewerage described in the claim 7, it is characterized in that, also include the sewage equalizing tank and the lift pump that are connected with described air supporting reaction unit water inlet through pipeline.
9. the further advanced treatment apparatus of the oil refining sewerage described in according to Claim 8, it is characterized in that, also include the sludge treatment equipment that is communicated with described sewage equalizing tank, air supporting reaction unit, biological aerated filter device, little flocculation reaction device and ultrafiltration reaction unit and can handles the mud that described sewage equalizing tank, air supporting reaction unit, biological aerated filter device, little flocculation reaction device and ultrafiltration reaction unit produce via pipeline.
10. according to the further advanced treatment apparatus of the oil refining sewerage described in the claim 7, it is characterized in that, also include the film washing unit of the film that is used for cleaning ultrafiltration reaction unit and reverse osmosis unit and the mixed bed behind described reverse osmosis unit.
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| CN102399026A (en) * | 2010-09-07 | 2012-04-04 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Combined process for recycling production sewage after treatment |
| CN102452760B (en) * | 2010-10-19 | 2013-07-03 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Treatment method for recycle of oil field produced water |
| CN104045211A (en) * | 2014-06-24 | 2014-09-17 | 芜湖富春染织有限公司 | Reclaimed water reuse system in deep printing and dyeing wastewater treatment |
| CN104817230A (en) * | 2015-04-16 | 2015-08-05 | 广东石油化工学院 | Biochemical combination treatment method of refinery wastewater |
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| CN114426370A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2022-05-03 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Oil refining wastewater purification process and device and application |
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