CN101253817A - Ballast for a discharge lamp with adaptive preheating - Google Patents
Ballast for a discharge lamp with adaptive preheating Download PDFInfo
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- CN101253817A CN101253817A CN 200680031356 CN200680031356A CN101253817A CN 101253817 A CN101253817 A CN 101253817A CN 200680031356 CN200680031356 CN 200680031356 CN 200680031356 A CN200680031356 A CN 200680031356A CN 101253817 A CN101253817 A CN 101253817A
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- electrode
- electric ballast
- warm
- variable
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
- H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
- H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
- H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
- H05B41/295—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps with preheating electrodes, e.g. for fluorescent lamps
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- Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to an electronic ballast for discharge lamps which have preheatable electrodes. The electronic ballast has a measuring apparatus (M), which is designed to repeatedly measure a variable (RW, UKL2), which has been correlated with the electrode temperature, of at least one of the electrodes (E1, E2) of a connected discharge lamp (LA) during the preheating operation. Furthermore, the electronic ballast has a control apparatus (C), which is designed to ignite the discharge in response to the measurement in the event of a non-monotonic profile of the variable (RW, UKL2), which has been correlated with the electrode temperature. Furthermore, during the preheating operation one embodiment of the invention can intervene in an appropriate manner in this preheating operation by means of the control apparatus (C).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electric ballast that is used for discharge lamp, definite, but be specifically related to be used to have the electric ballast of discharge lamp of the electrode of preheating.
Prior art
Disclose the electric ballast that is used to drive discharge lamp, but also disclose the electric ballast of the discharge lamp that is designed to drive the electrode that has preheating.In principle, electric ballast generates the supply power be used for the discharge lamp that connected by given power supply (for example electric network source), particularly generates high-frequency ac voltage and supplies with, and wherein this supply power has for driving the required characteristic of discharge lamp.
Usually, before lighting discharge, the electrode of discharge lamp is preheated.In this way, can improve the emissivities of electrode and prolong its life-span.Warm typically continues 0.4s and surpasses 2s to omiting, and carries out according to the preheating program of determining in order controller.
Summary of the invention
The problem to be solved in the present invention is, but proposes a kind of improved ballast of discharge lamp of the electrode that is used to have preheating.
But the present invention relates to a kind of electric ballast that is used to drive the discharge lamp of the electrode that has preheating, it is characterized in that, this ballast has: measurement mechanism, and it is designed to the variable at least one electrode, relevant with electrode temperature of the discharge lamp that duplicate measurements in warm connects; And control device, it is designed to set off in response to measurement point when the non-monotone variation of variable relevant with electrode temperature.
Preferred expansion scheme of the present invention provides in the dependent claims.
The present invention is based on following understanding: can realize by using big as far as possible preheat curent or pre-thermal voltage the warm-up time of desirable weak point, but in warm, work as voltage on the electrode for discharge lamp that is connected when surpassing critical value, transverse discharge (Querentladung) can occur.
Transverse discharge is undesirable, especially because electrode temperature because transverse discharge and reduction.Under lower temperature, the electrode emissivities are relatively poor, and lighting the loss that discharge has increased electrode under the low temperature excessively.
In warm, can fall after rise and discern transverse discharge by this temperature of electrode.Temperature on the electrode falls after rise and can be determined by the non-monotone variation of variable relevant with electrode temperature in warm-up time.For example, during transverse discharge, its resistance and voltage drop thereon also reduce on electrode.And increase owing to less resistance by the electric current of electrode.The significance degree of this specific character depends on that also it is to have more the voltage source characteristic or have more current source characteristic that heating power is supplied with.In fact, the characteristic supplied with of heating power be in these two extreme between.
Electric ballast according to the present invention has measurement mechanism, and it is designed to measure the temperature of one or two electrode of the discharge lamp that is connected in warm.For the measurement electrode temperature, can measure the characteristic relevant arbitrarily with electrode temperature.Suitable variable is illustrated in the scope of dependent claims.
In addition, electric ballast according to the present invention has control device, and its measurement to measurement mechanism responds.If there is the non-monotone variation of the variable relevant with electrode temperature, then set off the control device start-up point.
The measurement of carrying out in warm is many more, then can follow the tracks of the variation of electrode temperature more goodly, thereby and control appliance can get over reliably and to get involved.Yet repeatedly measurement means certain expense, and electronic equipment must correspondingly be designed.On the principle, also may realize that transverse discharge detects with considerably less measurement point.Yet this detection with few measurement point is also more unreliable.
In a kind of form of implementation of the present invention, being considered for that transverse discharge detects, the variable relevant with electrode temperature is the voltage on the electrode.If transverse discharge, the voltage on the then related electrode plunge to a certain extent (zusammenbrechen).
On the other hand, further preferably, electrode resistance is measured as the variable relevant with electrode temperature.Electrode resistance in warm-up time obtains from pre-thermal voltage and preheat curent, therefore determines easily.
If electric ballast has tangible current source characteristic, it is more significant observing then that voltage on one of electrode detects for transverse discharge.If electric ballast is tangible voltage source, then carries out the transverse discharge detection and be fit to by merchant by (adding) determined thermal resistance of current measurement and cold resistance.
Possible is, electrode temperature is than the estimate value that earlier reaches enough.In order to make warm-up time the shortest, so should for example cause and light by control circuit.
The current electrode resistance and the merchant of cold resistance are suitable for as the variable that will measure.At this, the resistance of electrode when the cold resistance of electrode is interpreted as electrode temperature corresponding to room temperature (20 ℃).The merchant of current electrode resistance (being thermal resistance) and cold resistance is the same with electrode resistance itself, approximate proportional with electrode temperature.Because removed, so the standardized variable of relevant therewith use by cold resistance.This point is interesting, because lamp can be different fully with cold resistance between the lamp, but does not provide the indication about variations in temperature in the warm.For example, control device can be designed as and determines measured thermal resistance of measurement mechanism and same merchant by the measured cold resistance of measurement mechanism.
Preferably, in case current electrode resistance and the merchant of cold resistance reach between 4 to 7 in warm-up time, then light discharge.More preferably, set off electricity from lower limit 4.5 starting points, and therewith irrespectively up to the upper limit 6.
The intervention of the control circuit in warm is not that the form of only discharging with premature ignition in above-mentioned situation is only significant, but also carry out with the form of the coupling of electric ballast running parameter in response to measurement, because carry out the not satisfied result that preheating flow process given in advance can cause warm simply, also be like this even introduce discharge like that ahead of time according to aforesaid form of implementation of the present invention.
Even the design and use electric ballast drives respectively the discharge lamp of same type always, under each single discharge lamps, warm also can differently carry out.The lamp reason different with the warm between the lamp can be manufacturing tolerance, but the manufacturing tolerance of the electrode of preheating particularly perhaps is the difference of ambient temperature.
Control device compares the measured value of measurement mechanism with standard value with the relevant variable of electrode temperature.When having deviation between measured value and standard value, control appliance makes the process coupling subsequently of warm by the running parameter that changes electric ballast, make subsequently measurement and the deviation of being estimated between the corresponding standard value diminish.Therefore this process is closed-loop control.
The example of the running parameter that is suitable for the matched electrodes variations in temperature of electron rectifier is as follows in warm: flow through the size that the preheat curent, the pre-thermal voltage on the electrode of electrode, frequency that high-frequency ac voltage that electric ballast produced is supplied with, occupation efficiency that this alternating voltage is supplied with and direct voltage are supplied with.
In order to make the standard value of the variable relevant can be used in the comparison of being undertaken by control device with electrode temperature, these standard values can be stored in the interior storage device of electric ballast, perhaps with the form permanent wiring of electronic circuit, for example to have the circuit form permanent wiring of threshold element (comparator), measured value is fed to these threshold elements, and its threshold value is used to determine whether to exist the deviation with standard value.Sort circuit also can be realized control device simultaneously.
Owing to make the process of warm and standard value mate by control device, so when using dissimilar lamps, the preferred form of implementation of electric ballast also can have greater flexibility.Though dissimilar lamps can have different electrodes, still can strive for effective warm by control circuit.
The feasible detection to transverse discharge of coupling with warm and standard warm described above becomes unnecessary.Under the situation of repeatedly mating running parameter also transverse discharge can appear.Also possible is that particularly when only having carried out the several times measurement in the warm-up time of being estimated, electrode temperature has enough values ahead of time.
In order to follow the tracks of the variation of the variable relevant with electrode temperature in warm, every at least 100ms is once measured for this variable.Under common warm-up time situation, so may during warm, take multiple measurements.
If electric ballast should be not only worked together with one type lamp, and can also work together with the lamp of number of different types, then can advantageously use the lamp type sign.Preferably, the cold resistance of the electrode by measuring the discharge lamp connected is determined lamp type.In a kind of preferred form of implementation of the present invention, storage device is designed to store the suitable pre-thermal parameter of a combination respectively at different lamp type, the standard value of for example pre-thermal endurance, heating current and heating voltage, and the maximum of heating voltage and heating current.If electric ballast identifies the lamp type that is connected by cold resistance, then control device is controlled warm according to the standard value corresponding with lamp type.
Under situation about working on the supply network, during the situation of this supply network fault can appear.Electric ballast can be equipped with timing element, interrupts being shorter than the time given in advance to determine whether network.In this case, then do not measure cold resistance after network interrupts, otherwise measure cold resistance.
Top and the following description to single feature relates to type of device, and also relates to corresponding to method of the present invention, and this point at length or is not clearly mentioned.
So, but also relating to a kind of method that is used to drive the discharge lamp of the electrode that is equipped with preheating on the principle of the invention, this method has following steps: connect discharge lamp; In warm, the variable at least one electrode, relevant with electrode temperature of the discharge lamp that connected is carried out duplicate measurements by measurement mechanism; Under the situation of the variable non-monotone variation relevant, by lighting discharge in response to the control device of measuring with electrode temperature.The invention still further relates to front and the following expansion scheme of impliedly setting forth at this method.
Description of drawings
Below will further set forth the present invention by embodiment.In other combination, also belong to essence of the present invention in this disclosed single feature.
Fig. 1 shows the circuit diagram according to electric ballast of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows the time graph of the variable relevant with electrode temperature.
Fig. 3 shows the variable relevant with electrode temperature and the time graph of the relevant heating current that quilt is mated in warm.
Fig. 4 shows a kind of deformation program of Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 shows the another kind of deformation program of Fig. 2.
Fig. 6 shows another deformation program of Fig. 2.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 shows the circuit diagram according to electric ballast of the present invention.
Electric ballast is by electrical network supply lines N1 and N2 feed.Generator G supplies with N1, N2 by the electrical network that provided and generates the supply power that is used for the low-pressure discharge lamp LA that connected.Generator G comprises: rectifier is used for the rectification that alternating voltage is supplied with; Circuit of power factor correction, being used for obtaining from the electrical network supply is sine-shaped electric current as far as possible; Intermediate circuit; And half-bridge converter.Wherein the required direct voltage of half-bridge converter feed is present on the intermediate circuit.Half-bridge converter is generating high-frequency ac voltage between output terminals A 1 and the reference potential GND or between the other current potential in output terminals A 1 and intermediate circuit voltage.
Be connected with series circuit between first output terminals A 1 and reference potential GND, this series circuit comprises lamp inductance coil L, coupling capacitor CC, lamp terminal KL1A, low-pressure discharge lamp LA, lamp terminal KL2A and resistance R 1.Be parallel with the series circuit that comprises lamp terminal KL1B, resonant capacitor CR and lamp terminal KL2B with the series circuit that comprises lamp terminal KL1A, low-pressure discharge lamp LA and lamp terminal KL2A.Electrode E1 is arranged between lamp terminal KL1A and KL1B, and between lamp terminal KL2A and KL2B, electrode E2 is arranged.
Connected node K1 is arranged between lamp terminal KL2A and R1.Between second output terminals A 2 of generator and connected node K1, be connected with control device C and measurement mechanism M.Control device C and measurement mechanism M are the parts of microcontroller, and therefore illustrate with common frame.Control device C and measurement mechanism M have the reference to reference potential GND.Control device C can adjust the running parameter (is heating current at this) of generator G by control circuit SL.Measurement mechanism is connected with reference potential GND by node K1.In addition, measurement mechanism M connects with resonant capacitor CR by lamp terminal KL2B.Between resonant capacitor CR and measurement mechanism M, connected node K2 is arranged.Lamp terminal KL2B is connected on this connected node.
In the voltage drop on the resistance R 1 and proportional by the electric current of the electrode E2 between lamp terminal KL2A and the KL2B.Voltage on resistance R 1 can detect by measured device M.Voltage between lamp terminal KL2A and KL2B also can detect by measured device M.
Fig. 2 shows the exemplary distribution curve of variable relevant with the electrode temperature of low-pressure discharge lamp LA in warm.In warm-up time, measurement mechanism M measures the resistance R W of the electrode E2 between (is 10 times at this) lamp terminal KL2A and the KL2B.Warm begins at time t0, and finishes at time t1.Along with temperature raises, the resistance R W of electrode also increases, and (is) to reach its maximum at that time after 0.5s at this when finish t1 warm-up time.Before warm caused significantly heating, the value of electrode resistance was RK, i.e. its cold resistance.Here show as the RW of the function of time and the merchant of RK, as the variable relevant with electrode temperature.Wherein this merchant reaches value 5 when the end t1 of warm-up time, and this is corresponding to about 800 ℃ electrode temperature.
The time that Fig. 3 a shows the merchant of thermal resistance and cold resistance distributes, and Fig. 3 b shows relevant heating current IE2 (flowing through the heating current of electrode 2), and this electric current is carried out coupling during warm.In control device C, for different lamp type stored respectively five that in the process of warm, occur, at the merchant of thermal resistance and cold resistance and the standard value of heating current.Before warm began, measurement mechanism M determined the cold resistance of electrode E2.Detect lamp type by the cold resistance RK of electrode E2, and the comparison yardstick of the selected control device C as warm of the standard value corresponding with detected lamp type.Fork among Fig. 3 a and the 3b corresponds respectively to the standard value that is stored in the control device.Solid line among Fig. 3 a is corresponding to the merchant's of thermal resistance and cold resistance actual distribution, and the solid line among Fig. 3 b is corresponding to the actual distribution of the heating current in warm-up time.Can see that in Fig. 3 a the merchant of thermal resistance and cold resistance at first increases fast enough, with corresponding to standard value.Control device is suitably got involved, and increases heating current, makes the merchant of thermal resistance and cold resistance have bigger slope.At this, select heating current to change pro rata with the difference between the relevant standard value with the merchant of thermal resistance and cold resistance.
Fig. 4 shows in the warm as the RW of the function of time and the merchant of RK at two different warms.In first warm (dotted line), visible typical distribution as shown in Figure 2.Warm finishes at moment t1.In second warm (solid line), before the end t1 that is estimated of warm-up time, the merchant has reached value 5.And when the merchant reached value 5, electrode is warm enough, and discharge is lighted.
If transverse discharge occurs on electrode E2 in warm, then the temperature that at first raises of electrode reduces again.This is shown in Figure 5, and also the merchant by current electrode resistance RW and cold resistance RK reduces to represent.At this, in the interval of measurement mechanism M between t0 and t1 electrode resistance RW is carried out ten times and measure.If electrode resistance reduces after it at first increases in this interval, then this is the sign of transverse discharge; Discharge is lighted.
Fig. 6 also shows similar distribution.If transverse discharge on one of electrode, occurred, the voltage collapse on this electrode then.The measured device of voltage U KL2 on electrode E2 M measures.If in warm, voltage U KL2 reduces after it at first increases, and then also causes by control device C at this and lights discharge.
Claims (10)
- But one kind be used to drive the electrode that has preheating (E1, the electric ballast of discharge lamp E2) (LA) is characterized in that, this electric ballast has:-measurement mechanism (M), its be designed to the discharge lamp (LA) that duplicate measurements in warm connects at least one electrode (E1, variable E2), relevant with electrode temperature (RW, UKL2); And-control device (C), it is designed to, and (RW UKL2) gives me a little in response to measurement during non-monotone variation and sets off at the variable relevant with electrode temperature.
- 2. electric ballast according to claim 1, wherein relevant with electrode temperature variable (RW) are electrode (E1, one of E2) voltage (UKL2) on.
- 3. electric ballast according to claim 1, (RW UKL2) is electrode (E1, E2) one of resistance (RW) to wherein relevant with electrode temperature variable.
- 4. each described electric ballast in requiring according to aforesaid right, wherein control device (C) is designed to determine electrode (E1, E2) merchant (RW/RK) of the cold resistance (RK) of one of current thermal resistance (RW) and beginning.
- 5. electric ballast according to claim 4, it is designed to, when thermal resistance and cold resistance (RW, merchant RK) (RW/RK) surpass last in limited time, light discharge.
- 6. electric ballast according to claim 5, wherein the upper limit is more than or equal to 4, and is less than or equal to 7.
- 7. each described electric ballast in requiring according to aforesaid right, wherein control device (C) is designed to, and in response to measurement, comes the matched electrodes temperature by the running parameter of regulating electric ballast in warm.
- 8. each described electric ballast in requiring according to aforesaid right, wherein measurement mechanism (M) is designed to, the variable that every at least 100ms measurement is once relevant with electrode temperature (RW, UKL2).
- 9. in requiring according to aforesaid right each, electric ballast according to claim 7 at least, has storage device (C), and wherein in storage device (C), store the variable (RW relevant respectively with electrode temperature at different lamp type, UKL2) standard value, and wherein measurement mechanism is designed to:-after connecting electric ballast and electrode (E1, before warm E2) begins, detecting electrode (E1, E2) one of cold resistance (RK),-by electrode (E1, E2) one of cold resistance (RK) detects lamp type, and-select the standard value corresponding, as the comparison yardstick of control device (C) for warm with detected lamp type.
- 10. each described electric ballast in requiring according to aforesaid right is used to drive low-pressure discharge lamp (LA).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE202005013753.7 | 2005-08-31 | ||
| DE200520013753 DE202005013753U1 (en) | 2005-08-31 | 2005-08-31 | Electronic ballast for operating discharge lamp, has control device to ignite lamp discharging in non-repetitive process for parameter e.g. voltage, that is correlated to temperature of electrodes during measurement of parameter |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101253817A true CN101253817A (en) | 2008-08-27 |
Family
ID=35433670
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200680031356 Pending CN101253817A (en) | 2005-08-31 | 2006-08-30 | Ballast for a discharge lamp with adaptive preheating |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1920643B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2009506510A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101253817A (en) |
| DE (2) | DE202005013753U1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2007025983A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20090184645A1 (en) * | 2006-07-31 | 2009-07-23 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Method and circuit for heating an electrode of a discharge lamp |
| US7560867B2 (en) * | 2006-10-17 | 2009-07-14 | Access Business Group International, Llc | Starter for a gas discharge light source |
| DE102008012452A1 (en) * | 2008-03-04 | 2009-09-10 | Tridonicatco Gmbh & Co. Kg | Circuit for heating and monitoring the heating coils of at least one operated with an electronic ballast gas discharge lamp on spiral breakage |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0266894A (en) * | 1988-08-31 | 1990-03-06 | Toshiba Lighting & Technol Corp | Method and device for lighting-up of low pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp |
| DE59209173D1 (en) * | 1992-10-28 | 1998-03-05 | Knobel Lichttech | Method and circuit arrangement for igniting fluorescent lamps at a predetermined temperature of the lamp cathodes |
| US5424611A (en) * | 1993-12-22 | 1995-06-13 | At&T Corp. | Method for pre-heating a gas-discharge lamp |
| JPH10340791A (en) * | 1997-06-06 | 1998-12-22 | Tec Corp | Discharge lamp lighting device |
| US6140772A (en) * | 1999-07-26 | 2000-10-31 | Rockwell Collins, Inc. | Method and apparatus for control of fluorescent lamps |
| DE19956391A1 (en) * | 1999-11-24 | 2001-05-31 | Nobile Ag | Starting and operating fluorescent lamp involves measuring cathode temperature when cathode current is flowing and igniting discharge when certain temperature is reached |
| JP3801034B2 (en) * | 2001-11-30 | 2006-07-26 | 松下電工株式会社 | Discharge lamp lighting device |
-
2005
- 2005-08-31 DE DE200520013753 patent/DE202005013753U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2006
- 2006-08-30 EP EP06806735A patent/EP1920643B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2006-08-30 JP JP2008528511A patent/JP2009506510A/en active Pending
- 2006-08-30 CN CN 200680031356 patent/CN101253817A/en active Pending
- 2006-08-30 WO PCT/EP2006/065811 patent/WO2007025983A1/en active Application Filing
- 2006-08-30 DE DE502006004609T patent/DE502006004609D1/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE502006004609D1 (en) | 2009-10-01 |
| WO2007025983A1 (en) | 2007-03-08 |
| JP2009506510A (en) | 2009-02-12 |
| EP1920643A1 (en) | 2008-05-14 |
| DE202005013753U1 (en) | 2005-11-17 |
| EP1920643B1 (en) | 2009-08-19 |
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| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
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Application publication date: 20080827 |