CN101253738B - Methods and devices for interworking of wireless wide area networks and wireless local area networks or wireless personal area networks - Google Patents

Abstract

Embodiments describe registration in a wireless communication system. A method includes wirelessly transmitting over a WWAN a first registration message from a mobile device, wirelessly transmitting through the WWAN a second registration message to a WLAN access point and receiving at the mobile device access through the WLAN access point. According to another embodiment is a method for constructing a self-configuring ad-hoc network. The method can include receiving a GPS coordinate from a WWAN channel node at a management system and creating an initial topography based at least in part on the GPS coordinate to achieve a network connectivity with diverse routes between a plurality of nodes.

Description

Be used for the method and apparatus of the interworking of wireless wide area network and WLAN (wireless local area network) or Wireless Personal Network

the cross reference of related application

What the application's case was advocated on July 7th, 2005 application according to 35U.S.C. § 119 (e) is entitled as the 60/697th of METHODS ANDDEVICES FOR INTERWORKING OF WIRELESS WIDE AREA NETWORKS ANDWIRELESS LOCAL AREA NETWORKS OR WIRELESS PERSONAL AREA NETWORKS, the 60/712nd of No. 504 U.S. Provisional Patent Application cases and application on August 29th, 2005, the right of No. 320 U.S. Provisional Application cases, described application case is incorporated herein by reference in full.

Technical field

Below describe content and relate generally to wireless network, and relate in particular to the seamless interworking of the communication between wireless wide area network (WWAN), WLAN (wireless local area network) (WLAN) and/or Wireless Personal Network (WPAN).

Background technology

Electronic installation can comprise multiple communication protocol.For instance, mobile device has become multi-function device, and it provides Email, internet access and traditional cellular communication continually.Mobile device can (for example) utilizes any one or both in following technology and is equipped with wide-area wireless connectivity: the third generation is wireless or cellular system (3G) or Institute of Electrical and Electric Engineers (IEEE) 802.16 (WiMax) and other WWAN technology to be defined.Meanwhile, the WLAN connectivity based on IEEE 802.11 is also installed in mobile device.Ultra broadband (UWB) and/or the WPAN local interconnection based on bluetooth are also about in mobile device, to use.

Other example of multiple communication protocols in electronic installation comprises laptop computer, and it can comprise the WPAN for described laptop computer being connected to wireless mouse, Wireless Keyboard etc.In addition, laptop computer can be included in the device of the upper operation of other agreement to be defined in any current IEEE defining 802.11 agreements (IEEE 802.11a/b/g/i/e) or IEEE 802.11 series (for example, IEEE 802.11n/s/r/p).WLAN catches on, and (for example) is just for individual and commercial object and building in family and enterprise.In addition, cafe, Internet bar, library and public and private organization also utilize WLAN.

WWAN technology is with wide area (ubiquitous) covering and wide-area deployment and famous.But it may suffer building penetration loss, cover cavity, and compares with WPAN and have limited bandwidth with WLAN.WLAN and WPAN technology provide very high data rate, approach hundreds of megabit second, are conventionally limited to hundreds of foot and the in the situation that of WPAN, are conventionally limited to tens feet but cover in the situation of WLAN.

The number of network and agreement is because the cause of the functional demand for being associated with unique users demand and dispersion protocol increases rapidly.User is switched effort between this type of diverse network and agreement, and in many cases, and user is trapped in a network and does not consider may be what in preset time for the network of described user's the best.In view of above content, need to provide bumpless transfer between network and/or agreement to optimize and to concentrate on the communication protocol for user's the best.

Summary of the invention

Below provide the simplification general introduction to one or more embodiment, to the basic comprehension of some aspects to this type of embodiment is provided.This general introduction is not the extensive overview of described one or more embodiment, and neither wishes to differentiate key or the important element of embodiment, does not wish to describe the scope of this type of embodiment yet.Its sole purpose is some concepts that the form simplified provides described embodiment, as the preamble of describing in detail providing after a while.

Because individual migration is through network and the agreement of number of different types, so providing user to pass the bumpless transfer of diverse network and agreement, embodiment herein contributes to steady, seamless communication.Embodiment provides various optimisation techniques to change between diverse network and agreement, and this conversion can be based on user preference, customer location, signal strength signal intensity and/or other standard.This bumpless transfer can be transparent or can open the beginning by user for user.

According to a feature, it is a kind of method of registering in wireless communication system.Described method is included in upper the first registration message that carrys out self-moving device with wireless way for transmitting of WWAN, by described WWAN, the second registration message is arrived to WLAN access point with wireless way for transmitting, and receive by the access of described WLAN access point at mobile device place.According on the other hand, transmit the second registration message by described WWAN and can comprise the second registration message is transferred to WLAN access point.According on the other hand, transmit the second registration message by described WWAN and can comprise by described WWAN the second registration message is transferred to another mobile device, and the 3rd registration message based on the second registration message is transferred to WLAN access point from mobile device.

According on the other hand, be a kind of for constructing the method for self-configuring ad-hoc network.Described method can comprise the WWAN channel node reception gps coordinate from management system, and creates initial landform to realize the network connectivity about the different route between multiple nodes based on described gps coordinate at least partly.According on the other hand, described method can comprise decision will utilize for which node channel, and collect signal strength measurement and route conditions.

According to another aspect, be a kind of for creating the system of ad-hoc network.Described system can comprise the device accessing terminal under the functional pattern of WLAN, and for by the communication from described terminal to the device of at least one the second terminal with dual-mode functions.Also can comprise for utilizing the first channel to pick up the device of Network at WLAN Nodes, and for utilizing second channel at WLAN Nodes, Network to be relayed to the device of mobile device or the 2nd WLAN node.

According on the other hand, it is a kind of computer-readable media that stores computer executable instructions above.Described media can be included in upper the first registration message that comprises encryption key that sends of WWAN, and the second registration message is sent to WLAN access point, and receive and authorize with by the transmission of described WLAN access point.According on the other hand, described media can comprise for the second registration message being sent to mobile device by WWAN and the 3rd registration message being transferred to the instruction of WLAN access point.

Another aspect is a kind of execution for creating the processor of instruction of ad-hoc network.Described instruction can be included under the functional pattern of WLAN and access terminal, and by the communication from described terminal at least one second terminal with dual-mode functions.Described instruction further utilizes the first channel to pick up Network at WLAN Nodes, and utilizes second channel, at WLAN Nodes, Network is relayed to mobile device or the 2nd WLAN node.

In order to realize above and relevant object, one or more embodiment comprise the feature explicitly pointing out in below abundant description and claims.Content and accompanying drawing some illustrative aspect of described one or more embodiment of statement in detail is below described.But several modes in the variety of way that the principle of each embodiment can be used are only indicated in these aspects, and described embodiment wishes to comprise all these aspects and equivalent thereof.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 illustrates according to the wireless communication system of each embodiment provided herein.

Fig. 2 is according to the explanation of the multi-address radio communication system of one or more embodiment.

Fig. 3 is the block diagram of an embodiment of mobile device.

Fig. 4 illustrates the method for the type of determining the mobile device network that should be connected to.

Fig. 5 is the simplified block diagram of another embodiment of mobile device.

Fig. 6 illustrates the method for the calling of user's reception of locating the mobile device from utilizing GPS functional assembly.

Fig. 7 illustrates that location does not utilize the other method of the mobile device (for example, mobile phone) of gps receiver.

Fig. 8 explanation utilizes the method for the access point in WWAN, WLAN and/or WPAN network.

Fig. 9 explanation utilizes positional information between WWAN and WLAN/WPAN, seamlessly to switch the method for mobile device.

Figure 10 explanation utilizes positional information automatically to strengthen another embodiment of the method for the service of mobile device.

Figure 11 explanation provides the method for ad-hoc network under the situation that there is no available access point.

Figure 12 explanation can utilize the exemplary self-configuring ad-hoc network of WLAN and WWAN technical construction.

Figure 13 explanation utilizes WLAN and WWAN technology to construct the method for self-configuring ad-hoc network.

Figure 14 illustrates the synchronous method to contribute to access terminal in abutting connection with square list on initialization WWAN control channel.

Figure 15 illustrates the peer-to-peer communications in wlan network.

The method that Figure 16 explanation is registered and/or verified in independent basic service set (IBSS) network.

Figure 17 illustrates exemplary ad-hoc mesh network.

Figure 18 illustrates according to the system of the communication between multiple communication protocol in one or more embodiment coordinating radio communication environment provided herein.

Figure 19 illustrates according to the system of the communication in various aspects coordinating radio communication environment.

The wireless communications environment that Figure 20 explanation can be used in conjunction with various system and methods described herein.

Embodiment

Now referring to accompanying drawing, each embodiment is described.Describe in content following, for the object of explaination, state a large amount of specific detail to the detailed understanding to one or more aspects is provided.But, obviously can in the situation that there is no these specific detail, put into practice this type of embodiment.In other example, show well-known construction and device to contribute to describe these embodiment with block diagram form.

As used in the present application, the hope such as term " assembly ", " system " refer to computer related entity, and it is combination, software or the executory software of hardware, firmware, hardware and software.For instance, assembly can be process, processor, object, executable program, execution thread, program and/or the computer that (but being not limited to) moved on processor.In the mode of explanation, the application moving on calculation element and described calculation element can be all assemblies.One or more assemblies can reside in process and/or execution thread, and assembly can and/or be distributed between two or more computers on a computer.In addition, these assemblies can store the various computer-readable medias execution of various data structures certainly above.Assembly can be by this locality and/or remote process, for example, for example, according to (thering are one or more packets, from the data of an assembly another component interaction by signal and local system, distributed system and/or and other system interaction for example, at network (, internet) upper) signal communicate by letter.

The embodiment disclosing can comprise various heuristic and/or inference scheme and/or the technology of being combined with network or the communication protocol of used dynamic change.As used herein, term " deduction " refers to the process of from one group of observations by event and/or data capture release or inference system, environment and/or user's state substantially.Can identify specific situation or action with inferring, or (for example) can produce the probability distribution about state.Deduction can be probabilistic, i.e. the consideration based on to data and event about the calculating of the probability distribution of paid close attention to state.Infer and also can refer to for forming compared with the technology of advanced event from one group of event and/or data.This type of deduction cause the event observed from a group and/or the event data of storing construct new event or action, no matter whether described event is being closely related on degree around, and no matter described event and data from one or several events and data source.

Therefore, expection is according to embodiment described herein, and user can automatic shift or left and enter different communication district.Auto-action (for example, user is seamlessly converted to WLAN from WWAN during communication session) can be thought along with inferring that user changes with respect to the intention of handle communication sessions and third level communication, passive type/background communication and session on the horizon.With respect to taking auto-action, can implement machine learning techniques to contribute to carry out auto-action.In addition the analysis based on effectiveness (for example, will take the benefit of correct auto-action and take the cost of incorrect operation to carry out Factorization) can be incorporated in the process of carrying out auto-action.More particularly, these aspects based on artificial intelligence (AI) can by any suitable technology based on machine learning and/or based on statistics technology and/or the technology based on probability implement.For instance, expection (is for example used professional system, fuzzy logic, SVMs, greedy search algorithm, rule-based system, Bayes (Bayesian) model, Bayesian network), neural net, other non-linear training technique, data fusion, analytical system based on effectiveness, use the system of Bayesian model ..., and wish in these scopes that fall into appending claims herein.

In addition, in conjunction with subscriber station, each embodiment is described herein.Subscriber station also can be described as system, subscriber unit, travelling carriage, mobile device, distant station, access point, base station, remote terminal, accesses terminal, user terminal, user agent or subscriber equipment.Subscriber station can be that cellular phone, cordless telephone, session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, wireless local loop (WLL) are stood, personal digital assistant (PDA), have the handheld apparatus of wireless connections ability or be connected to other processing unit of radio modem.

In addition, various aspects described herein or feature can be used standard program and/or engineering to be embodied as method, equipment or product.Term used herein " product " wishes to contain can be from the computer program of any computer readable device, carrier or medium access.For instance, computer-readable media can be including (but not limited to) magnetic storage device (for example, hard disk, floppy disk, magnetic stripe ...), CD (for example, compact-disc (CD), digital multi-purpose disk (DVD) ...), smart card and flash memory device (for example, card, rod ... key drive).

Now, referring to accompanying drawing, Fig. 1 illustrates according to the wireless communication system 100 of each embodiment provided herein.System 100 can comprise one or more access points 102, its each other and/or to one or more mobile devices 104 receive, transmit, repeat (etc.) wireless communication signals.Access point 102 can represent the interface between wireless system 100 and cable network (not shown).

Each access point 102 can comprise transmitter chain and receiver chain, its multiple assemblies (for example, processor, modulator, multiplexer, demodulator, demultiplexer, antenna that each can comprise again with signal transmits and reception is associated ...).Mobile device 104 can be (for example) cellular phone, smart phone, laptop computer, handheld communications device, hand-held computing device, satellite radio devices, global positioning system, PDA and/or other the suitable device for communication on wireless system 100.In wireless system 100, can make to know the existence of wireless system 100 and to system 100 transmission informations from the cyclical transmission of the small data packets (being commonly referred to beacon) of access point 102.Mobile device 104 can sensing beacon and is attempted to set up the wireless connections that arrive access point 102 and/or arrive other mobile device 104.

System 100 contributes to through the seamless transitions of diverse network and/or agreement to provide to the user who uses mobile device 104 available network and the ability of agreement utilized.In the case of given described user and other network users' current location or data service condition, system 100 is also automatically for user provides the chance of utilizing optimum network and/or agreement.

The assembly that is arranged in mobile device 104 can operate to contribute to monitor which user is at each network together with one or more access points 102, and the WWAN assembly that can be associated by GPS assembly and/or with mobile device 104 gets help.As an alternative or in addition, can positional information be provided to from WLAN access point to the wlan component being associated with the mobile device that does not comprise GPS or other positioning component.Can by via near access point 104 or the GPS communicating by letter with access point 104 (comprise and receive and transmission beacon) or WAN permit by the multi-mode positional information obtaining that accesses terminal, described positional information is provided to the mobile device without stationkeeping ability.

Positional information can be used for predicting which user is suitable for carrying out transparent handover to second network most.For instance, in open zone commercial center, user can use the mobile device 104 that is connected to common broadband network.Along with user walks close to particular merchant, mobile device 104 can seamlessly be switched to bluetooth, compared with arrowband etc.The network that mobile device is switched to can wish advance or be pulled to the content of mobile device 104 and change along with user.

Because commercial network may be overlapping due to the dynamic characteristic in shopping center, so mobile device 104 can be in the case of from seamless switching between each commercial network spontaneously user mutual.System 100 allows network to cooperate each other and mobile device 104 is handed over to another network from a network.This can utilize GPS assembly to realize, described GPS component monitors user's position and the required content of waiting to advance/be pulled to device.

Fig. 2 is according to the explanation of the multi-address radio communication system of one or more embodiment.Illustrated system 200 comprises the WLAN being associated with cable LAN (LAN).Access point 102 can be communicated by letter with mobile device 104.Access point 102 is connected to for the ethernet concentrator of LAN or electric wire connecting junction 202.Ethernet concentrator 202 can be connected to one or more electronic installations 204, and described electronic installation 204 can comprise personal computer, peripheral unit (for example, facsimile machine, photocopier, printer, scanner etc.), server etc.Ethernet concentrator 202 can be connected to router two 06, and data packet transmission is arrived modulator-demodulator 208 by described router two 06.Modulator-demodulator 208 can be by data packet transmission for example, to wide area network (WAN) 210, internet.System 200 illustrates single, simple network configuration.Many additional configuration of the system 200 that comprises substituting electronic installation are possible.Although illustrate and described system 200 with reference to LAN, likely system 200 can be utilized other technology that comprises individually or simultaneously WWAN and/or WPAN.

System 200 can contribute to mobile device 104 the current access point just being utilized by mobile device 140 with and the access point 102 that is associated of system 200 between seamless switching.The transfer of this network of supporting to access point 102 and to access point 102 can be through selecting to provide to the user of mobile device 104 looked for functional, and can wish access or upload to the data of mobile device 104 and change along with mobile device 104 positions or user.(and unrestricted) for instance, wireless device can be coupled to electronic installation 204 to utilize WWAN and/or the WLAN that can use by electronic installation 204 functional.This transformation can be by user Qi Shihuo by the spontaneous execution of system 200.

Fig. 3 illustrates the simplified block diagram of an embodiment of mobile device 300.Mobile device 300 can comprise WWAN (for example, code division multiple access (CDMA), it is the technology of utilizing spread spectrum technique), WLAN (for example, IEEE 802.11) and/or correlation technique.Mobile device 300 can be used as voice (VoIP) phone based on Internet Protocol.VoIP comprises by internet and/or by the telephone relation of IP network transferring voice.VoIP can be by mobile device 300 utilization of being in, or utilizes when near time its WAP (wireless access point) (WAP) in being connected to the broadband network that VoIP service is provided.Under other situation, mobile device 300 can be as conventional mobile phone work when communication service is provided.

In one embodiment, the functional WWAN assembly 302 of WWAN is provided and provides the functional wlan component 304 of WLAN to be positioned at together and can communicate by letter with transceiver 308 by bus 306 or other structure or device.Should be appreciated that, the communicator except bus also can be used for disclosed embodiment.Transceiver 308 is coupled to one or more antennas 310 to allow mobile device 300 transmit and/or receive.Wlan component 304 can produce and be provided to the speech data of transceiver 308 for communication.In one embodiment, WWAN functional assembly 302 and/or WLAN functional assembly 304 can be included in the processor of mobile device 300.In another embodiment, WWAN is functional can be provided by different integrated circuits with WLAN is functional.In another embodiment, WWAN is functional can provide by comprising functional one or more integrated circuits that utilized by both with WLAN is functional.Mobile device 300 is equipped with user's experience of abundant combination select the service that realizes and to(for) the connectivity of wide area (WWAN) and local (WLAN and WPAN).

WLAN functional assembly 304 can comprise optional WPAN functional assembly 312.Mobile device 300 can be based on relevant with the function of mobile device one or more standards and be connected to WWAN or WLAN and WPAN or be connected to both simultaneously.Described standard can be stored in the memory of mobile device, and processor can the standard based on stored be analyzed network.Describe these standards and relevant connection referring to Fig. 4 and determine, Fig. 4 explanation is for the method 400 of the type of the network determining mobile device and should be connected to.Although the object for the simplicity of explaination is shown method and be described as a series of actions, but should be appreciated that and understand, the order that described method is not moved limits, because according to these methods, some actions can occur by the order different from the order of showing herein and describe and/or with other action simultaneously.For instance, be understood by those skilled in the art that and understand, or can be a series of inter-related states or event by method representation, for example, in state diagram.In addition, may not need the action of all explanations to implement following methods.

Described method starts from 402, mobile device request access network.Described network can be WWAN, WLAN and/or WPAN.In the time sending request, one or more access points that are associated with network can receive described request and respond with the network information of the characteristic that can comprise each network.For instance, mobile device can receive network type information, bandwidth information, cost of serving, useful application, signal strength signal intensity, the access point number identified etc.

In the time receiving the network information, mobile device can be analyzed a certain standard at 406 places and to determine about what network connect and provide optimum by the user for mobile device greatly.For instance, described standard can comprise the bandwidth necessary condition of the application that utilizes based on mobile device or the application to mobile device to be downloaded, the bandwidth that mobile device can be used.In other embodiments, described standard can be the cost (for example, least cost service provider) that the user of the mobile device to WWAN and/or WLAN causes.In another embodiment, described determine can be based on using WWAN and/or WLAN to use application.In extra embodiment, described standard can be the Optimal coverage scope that can use in the time of its current location of mobile device (for example, the signal strength signal intensity based on for WWAN and/or WLAN or the access point number identified).Other embodiment can be by the standard of above pointing out and can be by one or more combination the in the user of mobile device or other standard being defined by service provider.Described standard can be embedded in WWAN functional assembly, WLAN functional assembly, WWAN functional assembly and WLAN functional assembly or reside in another controller in mobile device.

Based on the standard of analyzing at 406 places, mobile device can be connected to separately at 408 places WWAN or WLAN and WPAN.In another embodiment, mobile device can be connected to WWAN and WLAN and WPAN simultaneously.About the standard and the possible Best link that meets described one or more standards based on analyzed of determining still connecting separately simultaneously.

Interworking between WWAN and WLAN (and WPAN) can relate to according to position or other heterogeneous network topology the database that multiple wireless networking providers, multiple service provider and available connectivities are selected.For instance, along with Internet Service Provider or private entity for WLAN and/or the new access point of the functional interpolation of WPAN (for example, the access point being provided by private company etc.), WWAN service provider can maintain according to position the latest data storehouse of available networking and service.In addition, in certain embodiments, WWAN can be not that its connectivity is extended in the WLAN that set up by service provider and/or the existence of WPAN multi-hop mesh network by utilization.In multi-hop mesh networks, the minor node that serves as simple router can be installed.Each node then transmits the low-power signal that can arrive near other node.Near these, node is to transmitting near another node.This process can repeat until data arrive its final destination.

In mobile device, the combination of these technology realizes using a model and serving of the new type that can not be individually obtains from every kind of technology (WWAN, WLAN and/or WPAN).These application by the mutual establishment between WWAN and WLAN technology can be categorized as some regions.For instance, these technology can be categorized as location-based service, based on timing service and/or the service based on topological.Location-based service can comprise the position of mobile device users need to be through confirming so that the emergency situations of this type of emergency services to be provided, but embodiment described herein is not limited to emergency services.For instance, the user of mobile device (end user) may need location-based record keeping service.The services package of these types is containing those services of wherein user being kept accounts with different rates according to user's position.For instance, user may work as and when it is in, has a kind of rate, and has different rates during in office (or other job site) or in internet information station or Internet bar when it.In another embodiment, can utilize positional information that the content of multimedia that can download to mobile device is provided.This content of multimedia can be determined according to position, and it in stadium or shopping center, can provide different content of multimedia based on user.

Now, referring to Fig. 5, it illustrates the simplified block diagram of another embodiment of mobile device 500.In one embodiment, provide the functional WWAN assembly 502 of WWAN and provide the functional wlan component 504 of WLAN be positioned at mobile device 500 and can communicate by letter with transceiver 508 by bus 506 or other structure or device.Transceiver 508 is coupled to one or more antennas 510 to allow mobile device 500 transmit and receive.WLAN functional assembly 504 can comprise optional WPAN functional assembly 512.In addition, can provide global location service (GPS) functional assembly 514 to realize based on location and/or regularly functional.The functional application of many utilizations based on location or positional information and timing can be provided.

For instance, in retail center or shopping center (indoor and/or outdoor), retail division can have the access point being maintained by identical or different service provider.In the time that user gets around near commercial center, different access points can pick up user simultaneously.Because may there is the overlapping of a certain degree due to the cause of the position of retail division in WLAN, so can set up by GPS assembly or other positioner user's accurate or apparent position.If user is near music shop or video information station etc., user can receive from the offer of retail division and buy film or music so.Offer can be recommended by the position that utilizes user by retail division, is where positioned at because system is known user.Described offer also can be based on previously being set up by user user preference (at mobile device inner or pass through service provider in outside).User can select to utilize described offer or refuse described offer.Should be appreciated that, if user preference is known, can prevent that so some retail division from providing unwanted service to user.

For example, if user selects () to download movies, the accessible WAN of user for example, is also film defrayment by credit card and/or predetermined method of payment (, stored value card) so.After confirming to pay, user can receive selected film together with the right, management and the further feature that have certain movie and be associated.Can transmit right and content with different networks.In one case, can transmit right with WWAN, and by WLAN accessing content itself.Can be according to for example requiring, by WLAN or WWAN access active service (, film).For instance, can DVD be downloaded to mobile device by WLAN (due to the cause of data processing amount).Utilize which functional upload data determine can be by the functional WWAN assembly of WWAN being provided, providing the combination of the functional wlan component of WLAN or WWAN assembly and wlan component to determine.Described determine also can be made by the controller being associated with mobile device or processor.

Fig. 6 illustrates the method 600 of the calling of user's reception of locating the mobile device from utilizing GPS functional assembly.Described method starts from 602, and now the user of mobile device opens and begins to call out.This calling can be that emergency telephone call (for example, 911 call out) or its can be non-emergency call.In one embodiment, when open at 602 places begin call out time, the dialogue-based signaling message that opens beginning agreement (SIP) can carry the positional information of being supplied by GPS functional assembly.SIP is the signaling protocol that can be used for opening the beginning, revises and stop the oolhiu interactive user session that can comprise optional multimedia element (for example, Internet session, phone, event notice, video, instantaneous information receiving and transmitting, game on line and/or virtual reality).Positional information can be carried at 604 places (for example) voip call agency.Therefore,, if there is emergency situations, the position that has positional information and know caller is acted on behalf of in voip call so.Voip call agency can give suitable agency by this information supply at 606 places.This is useful in the time that caller does not know to call out position and/or this information cannot be sent to calling reciever.

In another embodiment, can call out in addition in the overlay area of local network/WLAN of user.For instance, WLAN AP can be arranged in user house, and user may just talk with mobile phone at this user's backyard.In the time that user talks, user may get around and hover (have a mind to and/or by mistake) to the overlay area of being served by different WLAN.In another embodiment, user for example can take mobile phone to, compared with distant positions (, in friend family, in relative family, school).

In another embodiment, open at 602 places and begin to call out.If mobile device is in realizing by the position of the broadband access of WAP (wireless access point) (WAP), mobile device utilizes this broadband access at 608 places so.Can be during 610 places provide calling by the transceiver of positional information that can transmit the WWAN interface of use device and obtain the position of mobile device.Can the communication of transceiver for sending will be provided to by the speech data of the functional generation of WLAN together with positional information.The method can for example, can be used hand-held set to carry out utilizing in school that promptly (or non-emergent) call out or educational environment () children.The broadband access for consumer positioning (children) being provided by school and/or other mechanism can be provided hand-held set, and information is offered and calls out reciever (for example, police, fire department).Therefore, can position children (or other people), and not need this children's delivering position information.

Now, referring to Fig. 7, the method 700 of not utilizing gps receiver or the wireless device (for example, mobile phone) of the functional GPS assembly of GPS being provided of locating is described.It is that those of simple function with for example WLAN or WPAN access terminal that single-mode accesses terminal.For instance, the mobile phone of processing VoIP at home does not utilize embedded type GPS technology conventionally.But, for example, in some situations (, emergency), determine that the position of the mobile device without GPS technology may be still very important.Even when for example, because device is carried to diverse location (, in educational institution, friend family) by user device leave home time far away, position that still can determining device.This determines near the known location of other device can the mobile device based in not utilizing GPS technology.Identical access point and/or multiple access point in the described a certain geographic area that can comprise the access point being utilized by the mobile phone without GPS technology in the neighbourhood.

Location positioning starts from 702 places, and the user now without the mobile device of GPS technology opens begins to call out.Mobile device contact access point is to call out.Access point can have list or simultaneously for example, from dual mode device (, utilizing the functional device of WLAN, WPAN and/or GPS) reception information.Dual mode device can be provided to access point by its positional information or be provided to other WLAN station (user terminal) by control or administrative messag according to operator scheme (foundation structure or ad-hoc).Have from the access point of two positional informations that access terminal and can in infrastructure network, broadcast this information.At 708 places, near other user terminal access point can use described information to carry out location management.At 710 places, VoIP accesses terminal and can carry out indicating positions information by the positional information in SIP signaling message.At 712 places, positional information can be used for location-based service and/or for marketing and/or sales message are provided to mobile device.For example, if user is in retail shop (, outdoor or indoor commercial center), positional information also can be used for providing the information about particular retail information to the user of mobile device so.Should be appreciated that, marketing and/or advertisement are optional (shown in dotted line), and may be not used in disclosed embodiment.

Can roughly count roughly the position of the user in interior of building, because user enters building from locality, described locality is user's nearest known coordinate.Described nearest known coordinate can be by accessing terminal latch or maintain, until for example user leaves the time of building, and can utilize functional and/or other positioner of GPS to set up new position.In the time that user leaves building or building structure, access terminal and will obtain its current location by GPS or other positioner.In addition, may have multiple users to enter building, and each user's nearest known coordinate can be determined through combination to form for the scope of particular access point (WLAN) and/or base station (WAN).Access point (WLAN) can determine that it is with respect to base station (WAN) and/or with respect to the position that positional information is fed back to any device of access point.Therefore,, although access point may not have the device for determining himself position, provide positional information by the mobile device that accesses described access point.

Fig. 8 explanation utilizes the method 800 of the access point in WWAN, WLAN and/or WPAN network.Having the functional mobile device of WWAN and WLAN and/or WPAN can for example, can be positioned at the gps receiver mobile device or receive network timing accurately by the pilot tone signaling of WWAN from ().This timing can be used for service quality (QoS) and/or handoff management.At 802 places, in the region of focus or multiple access points and/or near mobile device can receive beacon from access point.Receive after beacon, at 804 places, mobile device can utilize inner GPS functional or with respect to the WWAN timing obtaining by WWAN interface and to adding timestamp the time of advent of beacon.Beacon message can comprise the current network load at Access point identifier, access point position, WLAN AP place etc.At 806 places, the time of advent and the out of Memory that add stamp can for example, send to network management (NM) system by () WWAN link by mobile device.At 808 places, the list of NM system held access point and/or the time of advent.This information can be by the database or the memory maintenance that are associated with NM system.For example, maintain the list of the present load at the access point that detects in the region of WLAN/WPAN, channel that access point is just using and/or its beacon transmissions time and each AP place for the NM system () of WWAN and/or WLAN.User can utilize this information to select suitable AP and/or the network that will add.

At 810 places, the list of the access point in the region that NM system can be connected to mobile device sends to mobile device.Access point list can comprise the present load at respective channel and/or beacon transmissions time and access point place, and at 808 places by NM systematic collection and the out of Memory that maintains.

In another embodiment, mobile device (for example, accessing terminal) can the beacon time be tuned to each of access point, and measure the channel quality information (for example, SNR) receiving.Mobile device can be shared the information about the link-quality of current network and other network with current AP.This information can be delivered to NM system at 808 places, and can make this information be accessed by other user.In this way, can provide the handoff management for WLAN/WPAN.In addition or as an alternative, this information can be broadcasted by specific signaling and/or by information element beacon by each access point.Described information element beacon can upgrade NM system or proximity network information by near mobile device utilization access point.

In another embodiment, can utilize positional information between WWAN and WLAN/WPAN, seamlessly to switch mobile device, as illustrated in the method 900 of Fig. 9.Described method starts from 902 places, wherein can pass through GPS functional assembly or other localization method (location of for example, other device in, triangulation, near zone ...) positional information of mobile device can be used.At 904 places, can by by WWAN can with the indication of poor signal quality send to mobile device.For instance, mobile device can indicate specific bandwidth and/or signal strength signal intensity should can be used for carrying out specific function and/or meet the requirement/service quality for the particular link of described device, if and link condition does not meet these requirements and/or service level, can send a message to so mobile device, and/or produce message by mobile device.For example, about system requirements (, bandwidth, signal strength signal intensity ...) information can be stored in the memory of mobile device, and information that can be based on being provided by service provider and/or user, because it is relevant with one or more application of installations.The processor being associated with mobile device can be analyzed institute's canned data and determine whether to meet system requirements.If met the demands, device can be connected to current network so.If do not met the demands, device can be searched for the network that meets matching requirements so.

For instance, at 906 places, WLAN is functional to be detected beacon and determines available signal strength signal intensity and/or the bandwidth in WLAN access point place.At 908 places, this information can utilize (for example) with when bandwidth and/or signal strength signal intensity is definite when good on WLAN than on WWAN is switched to WLAN from WWAN by WWAN and/or WLAN functional assembly by mobile device.Described information also can be used for being switched to WWAN from WLAN.Should be appreciated that, the conversion from WLAN to WWAN and/or from WWAN to WLAN is seamless, and the user of this device may be unaware of the switching of carrying out network type.

In another embodiment, at 910 places, can be used for and other device coupling in the definite signal strength signal intensity in 906 places and/or bandwidth.For instance, if mobile device allows and the connectivity of other device, mobile device can be coupled to those other devices so.In this way, the connection that mobile device utilization provides by WLAN.(and unrestricted) for instance, mobile device can be coupled to computer to utilize WWAN and/or the WLAN that can use by computer functional.

Figure 10 explanation utilizes positional information automatically to strengthen another embodiment of the method 1000 of the service of mobile device.For instance, can on accessing terminal, start by WWAN video phone call.For example, by the not enough bandwidth on () WWAN, it is poor that video and/or graphics resolution may or become.May need to move to (for example, in family, cafe, library, another location as an alternative or in addition, user can start meeting in office, and in the session ...).This comprises and carries out calling in the late into the night to adapt to the situation of the caller in different time zone.Described calling can during a position starts and conversing, either one or both be movable to diverse location.Calling can continue and not interrupt in the time that user changes position, and mobile device can seamlessly be verified in the time that it moves through diverse access point and/or network.

When for example, in the near zone that moves to access point (, WWAN access point) at 1002 place's mobile devices time, the positional information being provided by GPS assembly or other positioner of mobile device can send to network management (NM) system.At 1004 places, NM system can be pointed out the searching access point that accesses terminal, and information, its channel of operation and beacon timing and out of Memory about the WLANAP existing in described region are provided.At 1006 places, accessing terminal then can access point searching and be lockable to beacon, and it can be the beacon timing being provided by NM system.At 1008 places, can carry out handover and for example, with () device is switched to WLAN and/or be switched to WWAN from WLAN from WWAN.Because WLAN is typically connected to broadband network, so if call transfer is redirected to WLAN, can significantly improve call quality.Can greatly improve the resolution of video and figure, and mobile device (for example, accessing terminal) can be attached to computer display to utilize high-resolution video to call out.This makes the service strengthening become possibility, the performance for example strengthening or previously can not realize the performance in the region of access.

As an alternative or in addition, in IEEE 802.11n wlan standard, can there is time-based scheduling.For instance, access point can be declared for the scheduling to accessing terminal transmission package and/or wrapping from the reception that accesses terminal.Access terminal and can receive bag and then can in the time that the time that sends bag occurs, send bag in the scheduled time.These scheduling can be by NM system by the transmission of WWAN signaling link and coordination.NM system can be assigned to different access points together with suitable schedule information by different accessing terminal.

In another embodiment, some application may have harsh shake needs, and may receive timing from network.For instance, in VoIP, shake is the variation of the time between each bag arrives, and can be changed and be caused by network congestion, timing wander and/or route.Can be for the available accurate timing in applications exploiting mobile device place with shake needs.Can drive access point and mobile device according to network clocking.If access point does not have clock accurately, mobile device can be for example, by timing () by providing the functional GPS assembly of GPS to be provided to access point so.Access point can make this timing of receiving from mobile device can be by non-double mode and/or do not have a use that accesses terminal of timing function.

In another embodiment, can utilize WWAN and WLAN technology to construct self-configuring ad-hoc network.Ad-hoc network can operate under the infrastructure mode that utilizes access point, or can be (for example only to comprise station, mobile device) but do not there is the wireless network of access point, or utilize the network of infrastructure mode (access point) and ad-hoc mode.Ad-hoc network also can be described as independent basic service set (TBSS) network.

Ad-hoc network can have different qualities surely according to applicable cases.For instance, for example, in some emergency (, disaster), different institutions (for example, fire-fighting, police, safety ...) may utilize different frequency to can maintain communication with minimum interruption.Therefore, these mechanisms may not effectively respond, and maybe may be difficult to communicate with one another.Double mode accessing terminal can provide low cost business system, and it can solve the needs of multiple mechanisms during urgent (with daily) situation.

Now, referring to Figure 11, illustrate the method for ad-hoc network 1100 is provided under the situation that there is no available access point.This for example, has the double mode interior of building accessing terminal emergency worker's () may be useful.Described method starts from 1102 places, is wherein positioned at the terminal of building or other inclusion region under WLAN pattern.When opening the beginning in end when message, all information relays that terminal has it are to accessing terminal in its near zone.At 1104 places, each terminal that receives information by had (from terminal use and from other terminal) information relay to its terminal near zone separately.At 1106 places, this information relay between terminal forms IBSS network.At 1108 places, described information finally advances to one also can have accessing terminal of WWAN connection.Therefore, can be access terminal form simple embodiment in fast-changing urgent environment with broadcast its from terminal use with and near zone other information receiving that accesses terminal.Although this can produce the non-optimum utilization of bandwidth, it also provides enough redundancies, thereby allows communication the most at last to go out building and received by suitable recipient.

In alternate embodiment, more complicated embodiment can be used the agreement of ospf (OSPF) type for route structure, as 1110 place indications.OSPF is the IGRP of developing for IP network at first.Described agreement can be used the preferential or link-state algorithm of the shortest part routing iinformation is sent to the node in network based on router.Can the landform based on comprising node calculate the shortest path that arrives each node.But, it should be noted that these agreements may spend some times and assemble, and may be unsuitable for topology and continue the environment changing.

Figure 12 explanation can utilize the exemplary self-configuring ad-hoc network 1200 of WLAN and/or WWAN technical construction.For instance, metropolitan areas can be by for having high bandwidth but do not require that the WLAN node cluster of the application of high mobility serves.In general, it is an expensive proposal that the business of the each LAN node from optical fiber link is passed back to WAN, and therefore, self-configuring ad-hoc network can provide more cheap alternative method.

As described, mobile device 1202 can be trooped and communicate by letter with WLAN node 1204,1206,1208 by wireless mode. Several nodes 1204,1206 may be connected to optical fiber upstream device 1210, and other node 1208 is free of attachment to optical fiber upstream device 1210.Should be appreciated that, although show an equipment 1210, network can comprise more than one equipment.Can utilize WLAN node 1204,1206,1208 that business for example, is relayed to the node (for example, node 1204 and 1206) that fibre optic transmission equipment connects from mobile device 1202 and/or source node (, node 1208).

One or more nodes can be to be configured to the hot node that the while operates on multiple WLAN channels, for example node 1208.One in exploitable channel 1212 is picked up business from the station being associated with node.Can utilize another (or more than one) channel 1214 to carry out relay function.Or individual channel 1216 can be associated with hot node 1204, and can utilize individual channel 1216 to pick up business and carry out relay function.

Should and communicate by letter to realize configuration network topology by control, coordination between WLAN node 1204,1206,1208, by channel allocation to different nodes and/or make routing decision.Functional in order to realize this, one or more WLAN nodes can have the WWAN function wherein that is built into of node 1206 place explanations.Bi-functional realizes the outband channel that can be used for controlling object.

Network management (NM) system 1218 can be associated to create initial landform with ad-hoc network 1200.NM system also can determine to use which channel in 1212,1214,1216.Another function of NM system can be the route of determining between node 1204,1206,1208.

(and unrestricted) for instance, can provide (or hand-held set can obtain) first access point sometime and with which frequency in its peak value or just using the most information of its resource to hand-held set by WAN.The diverse access point that is closely adjacent to the first access point can arrive its peak value at different time and/or with different frequency.Utilize this information, channel or frequency that hand-held set needn't continuous tuning utilizes to the second access point, because it can be supplied with about both information of the first and second access points.In this way, when tuning and listen to the beacon of arbitrary access point hand-held set known.It also can utilize position and timing information to determine whether it is movable to diverse access point and/or frequency.

Now referring to Figure 13, illustrate and utilize WLAN and/or WWAN technology to construct and the method 1300 of the similar self-configuring ad-hoc network of showing referring to Figure 12 and describe.Described method starts from 1302 places, and wherein each node utilizes WWAN channel to indicate its gps coordinate, and described gps coordinate can be sent to NM system.At 1304 places, learn that the NM system of the position of each node can create initial topology.Described topology through design with realize between node enrich connectivity and from described node to the different route of node that is connected to WAN by optical fiber.At 1306 places, NM system also can determine channel to be used and route.At 1308 places, the information relevant with each node can be loaded on WWAN down.Once activation hotspot, just can collect other measured value at 1310 places.At 1312 places, received signal strength signal intensity can be sent to NM system, described NM system can utilize initial topology and route to estimate actual field condition.In addition, access point can utilize the timing information being produced by WWAN to make itself synchronous.

Above-described method and system is centralized approach and the catenet that can be used for the focus with strong qos requirement.Can make the maximum capacity of network, make minimum interference simultaneously.

Figure 14 illustrates another embodiment with the synchronous method 1400 that contributes to access terminal in abutting connection with square list on initialization WWAN control channel.Described method can be used in self-configuring wireless mesh network.Described method starts from 1402 places, now WLAN node initializing.To node initializing similar time substantially, its on 1404 places' exchange WWAN control channels in abutting connection with square list.These can comprise about the access point in peripheral region and/or just utilize the information of the mobile device of those access points in abutting connection with square list.For instance, the list of adjacency side can comprise the timing signal being transmitted in response to the communication on WWAN by mobile device.Can utilize the agreement of for example ospf (OSPF) to exchange the list of adjacency side and create shortest path with distributed way.The exchange of 1404 places timing list can comprise the second timing signal of the timing signal transmitting by WLAN and send based on the communication in response on WWAN.At 1406 places, mobile device or access terminal can utilize the timing information being produced by WWAN to carry out that self is synchronous, for based on second timing signal, by WLAN and one or more, other accesses terminal and communicates by letter.This can directly complete by known nearest WWAN or the WLAN access point (for example,, according to the list of adjacency side or directly by the WWAN function of himself) of the degree of approach.Or it can receive this information from having functional the accessing terminal of combination WWAN and WLAN.For instance, the transmission of timing signal can comprise timing signal is accessed terminal and sent to and first one or more other terminals of synchronizeing that access terminal from first.

Figure 15 illustrates the peer-to-peer communications 1500 in wlan network.In some feelings situation, accessing terminal individually 1502 and 1504 can use one or more WLAN access points 1506,1508 to communicate with one another.In order to improve this communication, can utilize from the timing information of WWAN access point 1508,1510 and make the clock synchronous that accesses terminal.To understand, some access points can only comprise WLAN functional 1506 or WWAN functional 1510, or WLAN functional with functional both combination 1508 of WWAN.

If device has WWAN functional 1512,1514 or learns WWAN access point, can provide timing information by WLAN access point so.Or, can utilize that any or two WWAN on accessing terminal is functional to be provided to this information to access terminal, described in access terminal and then can use described information to communicate by letter on WLAN.

The method 1600 that Figure 16 explanation is registered and/or verified in independent basic service set (IBSS) network.IBSS network is the wireless network based on IEEE 802.11 without maincenter foundation structure.IBSS network is made up of at least two radio stations.IBSS network can be described as ad-hoc network, because it can utilize few planning or not plan and Fast Construction.Can utilize to reside in to access terminal or the functional registration accessing terminal of WWAN and/or the checking at WLAN access point place, for communication or the service access undertaken by WLAN access point.

Described method starts from 1602 places, and the WWAN at the place that wherein accesses terminal is functional can indicating device identifying information or registration message (for example, residing in the device identification on subscriber identity module).The first registration message can comprise encryption key.Can be by coming demo plant identifying information or registration message from the first WWAN accessing terminal.At 1604 places, can and be provided to WLAN access point or other service by the second registration message or device identification transmission.The second registration message can be based on the first registration message.The message that arrives WLAN can be transmitted by passback or by the aerial token or the air interface that obtain via the described WWAN accessing terminal.This also allows to utilize can be by the device certain encryption keys of WWAN system or wlan system checking.

Described registration/verification method the user who accesses terminal for example, with to have WLAN functional but lack and arrive the broadband of network (, internet) or passback connects completely information station to carry out in the situation of radio communication be useful.In this case, can provide checking or the charging information (for example, music, video or out of Memory) for sales situation by WWAN.For instance, can in WWAN, exchange is the specific user's identification of device or user (for example, password or encryption key).This makes to access terminal and can obtain token or other identifying code at 1606 places.At 1608 places, described token or other identifying code can be wirelessly transmitted to information station, thus the accessing video that allows to access terminal, song or other content of multimedia.In this way, grant by the access of WLAN to accessing terminal.Should be appreciated that, after the second registration message being transferred to by WWAN and accessing terminal, the 3rd registration message based on the second registration message can be sent to WLAN access point from accessing terminal.This 3rd registration message can send by the various media that comprise air interface.

Also can provide this content of multimedia in the position based on mobile device.For instance, in commercial center, can provide content of multimedia from one or more retail shops or other retail division based on customer location and user preference.User preference can be the preference in the previous memory that is transmitted and be stored in mobile device by user.The processor being associated with mobile device can the information of analyzing stored in memory, and determine and should accept content of multimedia and be sent to the user that user still ignores and do not send to device.In another embodiment, user preference can be sent to the service provider who maintains described information.For instance, not for example, if user is near movement value shop and previously illustrated that this user need to be about any information of motion and/or movement value (, current sale or price reduction, activity ...), can prevent so by the communication of being broadcasted by described certain shops the mobile device to user.Should be appreciated that, content of multimedia is optional, and can in the situation that not using content of multimedia, utilize disclosed embodiment.

According to another embodiment, can be by the WWAN ad-hocWLAN network that is coupled.For instance, if find one or more IBSS networks, it can be coupled by the passback being provided by WWAN so.This one or more WLAN nodes in given IBSS/stand are found or may be realized during by the access point discovery of WWAN.This allows the WWAN maybe may by having larger bandwidth with the access to improved service to return to connect the WLAN station from different I BSS.Described different I BSS can provide may be relative to each other for the radio in discrete zones of different covers.

It is the ability of multicast and/or broadcast in IBSS network according to another embodiment.Can return broadcast and multicast message is provided by WWAN.This can contribute to position-based information that broadcast or multicast message or data are provided.In addition, this can provide based on by WWAN can with timing information carry out the ability (for example, can utilize from the timing signal of adjacent WWAN access point for timing object) of the broadcast or multicast message of transmitting synchronous.

Figure 17 illustrates exemplary ad-hoc mesh network 1700.Network 1700 is illustrated as the ad-hoc network that utilizes four access points or base station " A " 1702, " B " 1704, " C " 1706 and " D " 1708.Ad-hoc mesh network 1700 can use the access point of any number, and only selects for purposes of illustration four access points.Should be appreciated that, ad-hoc mesh network 1700 can be network under the infrastructure mode (not shown) in utilizing access point, not utilize the peer-to-peer network of access point, or utilizes the network of infrastructure mode (access point) and ad-hoc mode.

The topology explanation access point A 1702 of network 1700 is connected to access point B 1704, access point C1706 and/or access point D 1708 by radio communication.Should set up the decision-making about active link for access point.This decision-making can be carried out by wide area control channel, and in described wide area control channel, its gps coordinate (or other positioning means) is sent to central network management (NM) system 1710 by each access point.The NM system 1710 with the position of all access points 1702,1704,1706,1708 in network 1700 is determined the communication link between network topology and access point 1702,1704,1706,1708.For instance, NM network 1710 may determine in described topology, and access point A 1702 should communicate by letter with access point B 1704, and access point B 1704 should communicate by letter with access point C 1706, and access point C 1706 should communicate by letter with access point D 1708.NM system 1710 also can determine according to frequency management which channel each access point should use.For instance, NM system 1710 can determine that access point A 1702 should use channel A or 20MHz channel, and access point B 1704 should use different channels, such as different 20MHz channel etc.

In ad-hoc network, can delete at any time or add access point.But it is constant in smooth communications to be provided that the communication between access point should keep.In the time there is major event (disaster etc.), may need to change whole topology.Therefore, control channel should be configured to provide suitable connectivity and not produce excessive interference.It is functional that each access point may be configured with WLAN, and it configures a grant channel for each access point automatically, thereby allow any one by described network management channel communication.This grant channel has alleviated the problem being associated with the availability that lacks control channel.Its coordinate is sent to NM system 1710 by channel.This can set up by the bandwidth of any grade, and arrowband WAN channel can be enough to be used in this object.Once receiving position information, with regard to reconfigurable ad-hoc network or set up new ad-hoc network.

NM system 1710 also can provide the route of specified packet.Accessible each access point 1702,1704,1706,1708 of NM system 1710 also provides or downloads routing table to each access point 1702,1704,1706,1708.Routing table can provide the routing iinformation for the bag of specified packet or particular type.For instance, if will routing voice bag, NM system 1710 (passing through routing table) can instruction access point so: voice packet will be routed to access point B 1704, then be routed to access point C 1706, then be routed to access point D 1708 etc., until voice packet arrives its final destination.If described bag is packet, route may be from access point D 1708 to access point B 1704 to access point A 1702 so.Video packets may be taked different routes.In this way, NM system 1710 is determined topology or the configuration of ad-hoc networks 1700, and how in real time wraps described in route.Therefore, WWAN network can provide powerful control and signalling capability to manage ad-hoc network 1700, and can provide data path to make up the connectivity gap in wlan network.Should be appreciated that, the route of discussing and/or topology are for example purposes, and are not intended to limit disclosed embodiment.

NM system 1710 can consider business sensitivity determine bag route.For instance, can re-establish link at some time durations of one day, one week etc.NM system 1710 can monitor potential time to peak (for example,, rush hour at dusk in rush hour in the morning ...) business.At this type of time durations, may there is a certain Business Stream, and can optionally set up and/or change route or link with the flexibility of height.

In the network just operating in the combination of ad-hoc mode (without access point) or infrastructure mode and ad-hoc mode, utilize hand-held set to set up a part for network or network.The configuration of network in this case, may not utilize NM system, because can change fast.In this case, each hand-held set is broadcasted its information, and the hand-held set of the information of reception will be information dissemination to other hand-held set.This transmission of information or relay will continue, until information arrives its destination.In this reciprocity ad-hoc network, the first hand-held set A may utilize WLAN to communicate by letter to hand-held set B.Hand-held set B may utilize WWAN to communicate by letter with hand-held set C.Hand-held set can utilize mixed mode or arrange to communicate by letter, functional as long as hand-held set has WWAN, WWAN, WPAN, Wi-Fi etc.

Now, referring to Figure 18, the one or more systems 1800 that contribute to the coordinating communication between multiple communication protocol in wireless communications environment according to disclosed embodiment are described.System 1800 can reside in access point and/or in user's set.System 1800 comprises receiver 1802, and it can for example, from () receiver antenna receiving signal.Receiver 1802 can be carried out typical action, such as filtering, amplification, frequency reducing conversion etc. to received signal thereon.Receiver 1802 also can make through regulate signal digital with obtain sample.Demodulator 1804 can obtain the symbol receiving of each symbol period, and received symbol is provided to processor 1806.

Processor 1806 can be to be exclusively used in to analyze the processor that the information that received by receiver assembly 1802 and/or generation information are transmitted for reflector 1816.Processor 1806 is controlled one or more assemblies of user's set 1800, and/or the processor 1806 generation information of analyzing the information that received by receiver 1802 transmit and control one or more assemblies of user's set 1800 for reflector 1816.Processor 1806 can comprise the controller assemblies of communicating by letter that can coordinate with additional customer's device.

User's set 1800 can comprise memory 1808 in addition, and it is operationally coupled to processor 1806 and stores information and any other the suitable information about coordinating communication.Memory 1808 can be stored the agreement being associated with coordinating communication in addition.To understand, data storage device described herein (for example, memory) assembly can be volatile memory or nonvolatile memory, or can comprise volatibility and nonvolatile memory.The unrestriced mode with explanation, nonvolatile memory can comprise read-only memory (ROM), programming ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically-erasable ROM (EEROM) (EEPROM) or flash memory.Volatile memory can comprise random access memory (RAM), and it serves as external cache.The unrestriced mode with explanation, RAM can many form utilizations, for example synchronous random access memory (SRAM), dynamic ram (DRAM), synchronous dram (SDRAM), Double Data Rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), strengthen SDRAM (ESDRAM), Synchlink DRAM (SLDRAM) and direct Rambus RAM (DRRAM).The memory 1808 of native system and/or method wishes to be including but not limited to the memory of these and any other suitable type.User's set 1800 further comprises Symbol modulator 1810 and transmits the reflector 1812 through modulation signal.

Figure 19 is the explanation that contributes to the system 1900 of coordinating communication agreement according to various aspects.System 1900 comprises base station or access point 1902.As described, base station 1902 receives signal by reception antenna 1906 from one or more user's sets 1904, and is transferred to one or more user's sets 1904 by transmit antenna 1908.

Base station 1902 comprises receiver 1910, its from reception antenna 1906 reception information and the demodulator 1912 that operationally carries out demodulation with the information to received be associated.Symbol through demodulation is analyzed by the processor 1914 that is coupled to memory 1916, the information that memory 1916 storages are relevant with code clusters, user's set appointment, relative look-up table, unique scrambling sequence etc.Modulator 1918 can be multiplexed to user's set 1904 by the signal transmitting for reflector 1920 by transmit antenna 1908.

Figure 20 illustrates example wireless communication system 2000.Wireless communication system 2000 is described a base station and a terminal for simplicity.But, should be appreciated that, system 2000 can comprise more than one base station or access point and/or more than one terminal or user's set, and wherein extra base station and/or terminal can be similar in fact or different from exemplary base station described below and terminal.In addition, should be appreciated that, base station and/or terminal can use system described herein and or method help carry out radio communication therebetween.

Now referring to Figure 20, on down link, at access point 1905 places, transmission (TX) data processor 2010 receives, formats, coding, alternation sum modulation (or sign map) business datum modulation symbol (" data symbol ") is provided.Symbol modulator 2015 receives and deal with data symbol and frequency pilot sign and symbol stream is provided.Symbol modulator 2015 multiplexed datas and frequency pilot sign also obtain one group of N transmission symbol.Each transmission symbol can be data symbol, frequency pilot sign or signal values of zero.Frequency pilot sign can be sent out continuously at each symbol period.Frequency pilot sign can be through frequency division multiplex (FDM), Orthodoxy Frequency Division Multiplex (OFDM), time division multiplexing (TDM), frequency division multiplex (FDM) or code division multiplex (CDM).

Transmitter unit (TMTR) 2020 receiving symbols flow and are converted into one or more analog signals, and further regulate (for example, amplification, filtering and up-conversion) analog signal to produce the down link signal that is suitable for transmitting on wireless channel.Down link signal is then transferred to terminal by antenna 2025.At terminal 2030 places, antenna 2035 receiving downlink signals are also provided to acceptor unit (RCVR) 2040 by received signal.Acceptor unit 2040 regulates the signal that (for example, filtering, amplification and down-conversion) receive and makes signal digital through regulating to obtain sample.Symbol demodulator 2045 obtains N institute's receiving symbol and received frequency pilot sign is provided to processor 2050 for channel estimating.The frequency response estimated value that symbol demodulator 2045 further receives for down link from processor 2050, to received data symbol executing data demodulation to obtain data symbol estimated value (it is the estimated value of the data symbol that transmitted), and data symbol estimated value is provided to RX data processor 2055, described RX data processor 2055 carries out demodulation (for example, symbol de-maps), release of an interleave and the decoding business datum to recover to be transmitted to data sign estimation value.The processing complementation that the processing that symbol demodulator 2045 and RX data processor 2055 carry out is carried out with access point 2005 place's Symbol modulator 2015 and TX data processor 1910 respectively.

In up link, TX data processor 2060 is processed business datum and data symbol is provided.Symbol modulator 2065 receives and multiplexed data symbol and frequency pilot sign, carries out modulation, and symbol stream is provided.Transmitter unit 2070 then receives and process symbol flows to produce uplink signal, and described uplink signal is transferred to access point 2005 by antenna 2035.

At access point 2005 places, the uplink signal that carrys out self terminal 2030 is received by antenna 2025 and processes to obtain sample by acceptor unit 2075.Symbol demodulator 2080 then process sample and be provided for up link the frequency pilot sign that receives and data symbol estimated value.The business datum of RX data processor 2085 deal with data sign estimation values to recover to be transmitted by terminal 2030.Processor 2090 is now carried out channel estimating by terminal for each that just transmitting in up link.

Processor 2090 and 2050 guides respectively the operation at (for example, control, coordination, management etc.) access point 2005 and terminal 2030 places.Each processor 2090 and 2050 can be associated with program code stored and memory cells (not shown) data.Processor 2090 and 2050 also can be carried out respectively and calculate to derive frequency and the impulse response estimated value for up link and down link.

For example, for multi-address system (, FDMA, OFDMA, CDMA, TDMA etc.), multiple terminals can be transmitted simultaneously in up link.For this type systematic, can between different terminals, share pilot subbands.Can use channel estimation technique in the case of crossing over for the pilot subbands of each terminal whole operational frequency bands (may except band edge).This pilot subband structure is by ideally for obtaining the frequency diversity of each terminal.Technology described herein can be implemented by the whole bag of tricks.For instance, these technology may be implemented in hardware, software or its combination.For hardware implementation scheme, for the processing unit of channel estimating may be implemented in one or more application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC)s (ASIC), digital signal processor (DSP), digital signal processing device (DSPD), programmable logic device (PLD), field programmable gate array (FPGA), processor, controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, through design to carry out in other electronic unit or its combination of function described herein.For software, embodiment can for example, realize by the module (, process, function etc.) of carrying out function described herein.Software code can be stored in memory cell and by processor 2090 and 2050 and carry out.

Should be appreciated that, embodiment described herein can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware, middleware, microcode or its any combination.In the time that system and/or method are implemented in software, firmware, middleware or microcode, program code or code segment, it for example can be stored in, in machine-readable medium (, memory module).Code segment can represent process, function, subprogram, program, routine, subroutine, module, software kit, kind, or any combination of instruction, data structure or program statement.Code segment can be by transmitting and/or reception information, data, independent variable, parameter or memory content are coupled to another code segment or hardware circuit.Can with comprising, any suitable method such as Memory Sharing, message transmission, token transmission, Internet Transmission be transmitted, forwarding or transmission information, independent variable, parameter, data etc.

For implement software scheme, technology described herein can for example, be implemented by the module (, process, function etc.) of carrying out function described herein.Software code can be stored in memory cell and by processor and carry out.Memory cell may be implemented in processor or processor outside, in a rear situation its can be by technique in known the whole bag of tricks be coupled to by correspondence processor.

The example that the content of above having described comprises one or more embodiment.Certainly, can not describe for describing the object of above-mentioned embodiment the every kind of combination envisioning of assembly or method, but one of ordinary skill in the art can recognize, the many other combination and permutation of various embodiment are possible.Therefore, described embodiment wishes to comprise all these type of changes, the modifications and variations in the spirit and scope that drop on appended claims.In addition, " comprise " for embodiment or claims with regard to term, described term wishes " to comprise " that with term similarly mode, as comprising (inclusive) of boundary, is construed as transition vocabulary in use because " comprise " in the claims.

Claims (2)

1. the method for registering at wireless communication system, it comprises:

Detect the existence of the one or more and wireless wide area network WWAN in WLAN (wireless local area network) WLAN or Wireless Personal Network WPAN;

One from described WLAN or described WPAN selects wireless network for carrying out wireless transaction, and wherein selected wireless network comprises the network of shortage maincenter foundation structure;

On described WWAN, with wireless mode, the first registration message is transferred to described WWAN from mobile device;

Receive the second registration message that comprises token from described WWAN;

Described token is transferred to selected wireless network to obtain the access to selected wireless network from described mobile device; And

Use the selected wireless network accessing to carry out at least a portion of described wireless transaction,

Wherein select described wireless network further to comprise that the number of the access point based on being associated with selected wireless network selects.

2. the device for registering at wireless communication system, it comprises:

For detection of the device of the existence of the one or more and wireless wide area network WWAN in WLAN (wireless local area network) WLAN or Wireless Personal Network WPAN;

Select wireless network for carrying out the device of wireless transaction for the one from described WLAN or described WPAN, wherein selected wireless network comprises the network of shortage maincenter foundation structure;

For the first registration message is transferred to wireless mode to the device of described WWAN from mobile device on described WWAN;

For receive the device of the second registration message that comprises token from described WWAN;

For described token is transferred to selected wireless network to obtain the device of the access to selected wireless network from described mobile device; And

For using accessed selected wireless network to carry out the device of at least a portion of described wireless transaction,

Wherein for selecting the device of described wireless network further to comprise the device of selecting for the number of the access point based on being associated with selected wireless network.

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