CN101234280A - Absorption-biological treatment method for malodorous gas - Google Patents
Absorption-biological treatment method for malodorous gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN101234280A CN101234280A CNA200710031286XA CN200710031286A CN101234280A CN 101234280 A CN101234280 A CN 101234280A CN A200710031286X A CNA200710031286X A CN A200710031286XA CN 200710031286 A CN200710031286 A CN 200710031286A CN 101234280 A CN101234280 A CN 101234280A
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Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an absorption and biological treatment method of malodorous waste gas. The malodorous waste gas enters a spray absorption tower to have an absorbing, humidifying and cooling function, and then enters into a biological dripping and filtrating device and contacts with a biological film attached to the surface of the filler in the process of rising to be degraded into odorless compounds, and then the purified gas is discharged. The residence time of a vacant bed is 11 to 45 seconds. Part of the waste water produced when spraying and absorbing can be used as biological circulating water, which can be reused again as spraying water after the biochemical treatment. The absorption and biological treatment method of the invention can effectively remove the odor polluting matters such as organic amine, ammonia gas, hydrogen sulfide, mercaptan type, dimethyl sulfide (DMS), dimethyl disulfide (DMDS), styrene, volatile organic compounds (VOC), dimethyl trisulfide, benzylamine, carbon disulfide, carbonyl sulfide, etc. and all kinds of malodorous smells, most of which are poisonous and a plurality of which are carcinogens. The deodorization effect can reach 99 percent, which can discharge by reaching the standard and can be applied to a deodorization and purification treatment of the large-capacity matters polluted by different malodorous gas with low concentration.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of absorption-biological treatment method of foul waste gas.
Technical background
The stench problem is the focus that the resident complains, and the cry of domestic relevant odor pollution control is more and more higher.Stench is one of 7 kinds of typical public hazards, endangering the healthy of people and the peacefulness of living and comfortable, foul gas can not only bring the discomfort of people's sense of smell, moves in for a long time in the environment of odor pollution also to cause functional diseases such as apocleisis, insomnia, decrease of memory, mood agitation.Stench to human body respiration, digestion, cardiovascular, heart is secreted and nervous system all can impact.The stench of high concentration also can make the contactee that pulmonary edema takes place, even death by suffocation.Because the influence of odorant has disturbed people to produce normally, live, operating efficiency is reduced, thereby cause socio-economic status to worsen; Reduce owing to the influence of stench makes purchasing power in the shopping centre; Tourist district then since tourist environment by odor pollution, the region is estimated and to be suffered damage, economic interests are affected.Odor pollution also can cause this area's investment to reduce, and the region economic development is suppressed, and the overall image in infringement area.The characteristics of stench are that polluter complicated component, concentration are extremely low.The environment odorant that it is found that has at present reached tens thousand of kinds more than, only according to people's sense of smell can perception kind more than 4000 just arranged.Odorant generally spreads in atmosphere, and some can enter water body with waste water, waste residue, not only makes water generation foul smell, aquatile such as fish is given out a foul smell and can not eat.It is derivative etc. that the chemical substance of distributing foul odour mainly contains hydrogen sulfide, thio-alcohol, thioether class, ammonia, amine, indoles, nitro compound, hydro carbons, aldehydes, fatty acid, phenols, ketone, ester class and organic halogen.Odorant pollutant in the atmosphere has caused serious harm for local resident's healthy and ecological environment, and the foul smell incident of disturbing residents happens occasionally.This shows that the purified treatment of industrial foul waste gas has become problem that urgency is to be solved in China's Air Pollution Control.If this problem can not get good solution, will certainly influence the normal development of Chinese national economy.
The stench treatment technology has firing method, ablution, absorption process, deodorant method, biological deodorization method etc.Physics and chemical Treatment exist that investment is big, complicated operation, operating cost height, easily produce secondary pollution problems.Biological deodorization method is low because of its small investment, operating cost, dependable performance, the main method that characteristics become deodorization in recent years such as be easy to manage, treatment effect is good, secondary pollution is little.The bioanalysis deodorization technique is the present forward position hot spot technology of industrial waste gas purifying in the world.The microbiological treatment of waste gas patented in the U.S. in nineteen fifty-seven, but just began to draw attention to the 1970's, just had a great deal of plant-scale all kinds of biological purification plants to put into operation in countries such as Germany, Japan, Holland up to the 1980's.In American-European, Japan and other countries, this technology is applied in the actual engineering more and more widely, the equipment and the device development of country such as day, moral, lotus, U.S., be commercialization situation, and effect is good, to the clearance of Combination organic exhaust gas, generally more than 95%.The microbe filter bed has been successfully used to the waste gas purification and the deodorization of aspects such as chemical plant, food factory, sewage treatment plant, sewage pumping station.Along with continuous development, maturation and the application of biological treating technology in environmental pollution improvement, utilize the biological treating technology to eliminate odor pollution, also obtained extensive studies over nearly more than 20 years, its significant deodorizing effect has caused more and more many concerns.Since the eighties, abroad the device and the equipment of existing all kinds of microbial deodorizations apply to metallurgy, oil, chemical industry, animal husbandry and sewage treatment plant, and have obtained effect preferably.Domesticly start late in this respect, just begin biochemical process purifying low-concentration organic exhaust gas is experimentized and system research up to the nineties.The grandson Pei stone of Kunming University of Science and Technology and the Shao Li of Tongji University are bright etc. has carried out the research of biological method purification organic exhaust gas, foul gas.Zheng officers and people etc. utilize the bio-absorbable tower, and oil catalysis drying gas and biogas are carried out desulfurization, and the biological cleaning efficient of hydrogen sulfide is respectively 71.45% and 46.91%.The red employing fixed-bed bioreactor of horse is handled and is contained NH
3Foul smell, gas phase NH
3Clearance is greater than 92%.Remove ethyl mercaptan research in the usefulness bio-trickling filters such as Jiang Anxi.Guo waits quietly utilizing the combined biological membrane reactor of sludge sewage biofilm to carry out deodorization.Di Jinshen, Ma Yanling, Ren Ailing etc. have also carried out the laboratory research of biological deodorization.Grandson Pei stone professor leader's seminar carried out the biological method purification low-concentration organic exhaust gas in Fujian, the industry of some producer in Kunming and Hebei applies the domestic engineering application report that biological method purification Sewage Plant waste gas, cigar mill's waste gas, refuse depot foul smell, oil plant foul waste gas and pharmaceutical factory's foul waste gas are also arranged.Though the history of biological deodorization method is also shorter, part work is still in the experimental stage, because it has incomparable superiority of conventional method and security, development potentiality is bigger, thereby has quite wide application prospect.
Summary of the invention
Absorption-the biologic treating technique that the purpose of this invention is to provide foul waste gas, absorption-biological deodorization technology can efficiently be removed gaseous state odorant pollutant such as organic amine, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, thio-alcohol, methyl thioether (DMS), DMDS (DMDS), styrene, volatile organic matter (VOC), dimethyltrisulfide, benzene methanamine, carbon disulfide, cos and various foul smell, they have toxicity mostly, and part is that carcinogenic substance, deodorising effect can reach more than 99%.The empty bed time of staying is 11～45s.
Purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
Absorption-the biological treatment of design, a kind of foul waste gas of use, waste gas at first enters into spray absorber, and major part is removed in ammonia, the organic amine pickling that will be difficult to biochemical degradation, reduces the load of biological filtering tower combined working.It will play the effect that acid absorbs amine, ammonia and cooling, be controlled at below 50 ℃ so that enter the temperature of biological filtering tower combined working.As not having ammonia, organic amine in the pollutant, water spray then then can play wetting, humidification or cooling effect, to utilize generate subsequent thing degradation, circulation fluid is got to cat head by water circulating pump and is sprayed on the biofilm packing downwards, and goes out to enter the circulation fluid storage tank from tower bottom flow and recycle.Waste gas enters bio-trickling device at the bottom of tower then, contacting by biodegradation with wetting biomembrane attached to carrier (filler) surface in uphill process is the compound of odorless, the special microorganism flora of the purification foul waste gas in the bio-trickling device, this microorganism species biologically active temperature is at 20～55 ℃.Purified gas is discharged from cat head.The waste water part that the spray absorption produces can be made biological cycle water, other recycles as shower water after biochemical treatment again.
Purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
Design, the bio-trickling device of the absorption-biological treatment of the foul waste gas of making, it is characterized in that employed beam type gas ejection-type support plate and the supporting use of liquid re-distributor in the bio-trickling device, (1) the free cross-section rate of beam type gas ejection-type support plate is approaching, even surpass 100%, be gas, the liquid two-phase provides different passages, thereby avoided mobile interference therebetween, even at very high gas, liquid load operation pressure drop down is also very little, (2) gas, the gas-liquid two-phase liquid flux is big, (3) to gas, gas-liquid two-phase liquid has carried out even distribution, thereby guaranteed that the high efficiency tower filler given play to higher mass-transfer efficiency, (4) girder structure good rigidly, be easy to piecemeal and installation, be specially adapted to the exhaust-gas treatment of atm number.
The tank type liquid distributor that bio-trickling device adopted, this liquid distribution trough is splitter box (one-level groove) normally, one group of distributing slot (secondary groove), and formation such as liquid distribution element on the distributing slot, the splitter box of the first order just is divided into some streams thighs by the bottom land perforate with liquid, the liquid distributing groove that adds its below respectively, again by perforate or conduit on (or cell wall) at the bottom of the distributing slot, and the V-type crest of weir of cell wall upper limb etc. is uniformly distributed in liquid on the packing layer, it has the ability of bigger operating flexibility and fabulous anti-solid impurity, also have serviceabilities such as good distribution performance and antipollution easy cleaning, can handle atmosphere, the flow quantity occasion.
The microorganism species of the purification foul waste gas in the bio-trickling device, this microorganism species biologically active temperature is at 20～55 ℃.Used filler is independent filler, mixed fillers.Biological purification tower also can adopt cuboid, steel construction or xoncrete structure, and the filler layering is loaded.Each filler unit is established a gas flow guiding orifice plate, and waste gas is evenly distributed.
Biological cycle liquid storage tank bottom is provided with aeration tube, the odorant pollutant of aerobic biodegradation circulation fluid.
Remove the mist device in the bio-trickling device, it be with woven wire or synthetic fibers silk screen as except that the mist element, clamping is between two screens and constitute.
The specific embodiment
Below the present invention will be further described by example.Employed filler can be haydite, granular activated carbon, stainless steel ring, plastic hoop etc.
Embodiment one: absorption-bio combined processing aquatic feeds foul waste gas
The foul waste gas of discharging in a organized way that aquatic feeds produces at slaking, baking operation, the composition of these foul waste gas has trimethylamine, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, styrene, methyl disulfide, dimethyltrisulfide, benzene methanamine, carbon disulfide, dimethyl sulfide, cos etc.EGT: 70～80 ℃.Adopt the aquatic feeds odor and exhaust gas to purify special bacteria bio-trickling device is carried out inoculation membrane formation.In Zhanjiang Yuehua Aquatic Feed Co., Ltd the long-play stability of aquatic feeds foul waste gas absorption-biological method purification design library part editor and reuse has been carried out trial run in 154 days and investigated, this device has shown excellent operation stability therebetween.Time of staying 11.73s, the purification efficiency of ammonia generally is stabilized in 94.67～100%, 144～154 days and can reaches 100% in 143 days, does not almost detect; The purification efficiency of trimethylamine is more than 97.3%, and maximum can reach 100%, does not almost detect; The purification efficiency of methyl disulfide is more than 99%, and maximum can reach 100%, almost all removes.Biological purification plant air inlet gas flow Q:27090-39030
3/ h, spray absorbs intake air temperature T
C: 70～80 ℃, trimethylamine, ammonia, methyl disulfide, the average inlet gas concentration of hydrogen sulfide are respectively 0.1～100mg/m
3, Δ P:20-50mmH falls in air inlet gas temperature T:30～55 air resistances
2O, the bed stuffing height pressure drop 40Pa/m of unit packing layer.Circulating fluid sprinkle density 0.9m
3/ m
2.h.Circulating fluid pH:7.0-8.0.
Embodiment two: absorption-biotechnology is handled and is contained the trimethylamine foul waste gas
In order to solve the organic amine material odor pollution problem in the waste gas, the bio-trickling filter that adopts foul waste gas to purify special-purpose domesticated strain biofilm is handled the experimental technique of trimethylamine foul waste gas, the purification efficiency of trimethylamine reaches more than 99.9%, purifies back tail gas and can reach national secondary discharge standard.
Embodiment three: absorption-biotechnology is handled and is contained H
2S and NH
3Foul waste gas
Adopt foul waste gas to purify the bio-trickling filter of special-purpose domesticated strain biofilm to containing H
2S and NH
3Two kinds of pollutants all have stronger degradation capability, and H
2The purification ratio NH of S
3Purification easier, H
2S can both reach 100% clearance; And NH
3Purification efficiency remain on more than 99.9%, can realize qualified discharge.
Embodiment four: absorption-biotechnology is handled and is contained H
2S and NH
3, the trimethylamine foul waste gas
Adopt foul waste gas to purify the bio-trickling filter of special-purpose domesticated strain biofilm to containing H
2S and NH
3, trimethylamine three kinds of pollutants all have stronger degradation capability.H
2S can both reach 100% clearance; System is to NH
3Remain on respectively about 99.6% and 99.8% with the purification efficiency of trimethylamine, the time of staying is 21.7s.
The application of absorption-bioanalysis deodorization technique will produce tangible environmental benefit and social benefit, and it can reduce incident that waste gas disturbs residents and takes place and make relevant industrial production smooth, also helps to preserve the ecological environment.Absorption-bioanalysis deodorization technique is the novel practical technical method that all is better than prior art at the aspects such as performance of purifying property, cost of investment, operating cost, operability, discarded object and byproduct.Can adapt to low concentration, atm number, the deodorization purified treatment of different foul gas materials.Absorption-biological deodorization method can be applicable to aquatic feeds industry, feed industry, oil refining, coking, kraft pulp, oil refining, coking, petrochemical industry, coal gas, ight soil is handled, the production of carbon disulfide or processing, pharmacy, agricultural chemicals, synthetic resin, synthetic fibers, rubber, garbage disposal, the sanitary sewage sewer, nitrogenous fertilizer, nitric acid, meat packing, aquatic products processing, livestock products processing, leather, gelatine, sanitary sewage disposal, meat rots, slaughter animals, culture, animal husbandry and sewage disposal, papermaking, food processing, coating, dyestuff, the improvement of foul waste gas such as cigarette factory.
Claims (9)
1. the present invention relates to the absorption-biologic treating technique of foul waste gas, it is characterized in that waste gas enters into spray absorber, can absorb, humidification and cooling effect, waste gas enters bio-trickling device then, in uphill process, contact and become the compound of odorless, purified gas discharge by biodegradation with wetting biomembrane attached to carrier (filler) surface.The empty bed time of staying is 11～45s.Circulation fluid is got to cat head by water circulating pump and is sprayed on the biologic packing material downwards, and goes out to enter the circulation fluid storage tank from tower bottom flow and recycle.Spray absorbs a waste water part that produces and can do to recycle as shower water again after biological cycle water, other process biochemical treatment.
2. absorption-biological cleaning technology of handling according to the described foul waste gas of claim 1.It is characterized in that absorption-bio combined processing foul waste gas.
3. the spray absorption plant of the absorption-biotechnology of foul waste gas according to claim 1, it is characterized in that available pickling absorption tower, remove a part of ammonia, organic amine pollutant, to reduce the load of bio-trickling device, it will play the effect that acid absorbs amine, ammonia, humidification and cooling, be controlled at below 50 ℃ so that enter the temperature of biological filtering tower combined working.As not having ammonia, organic amine in the pollutant, then the water spray absorber then can play humidification, cooling effect, to utilize generate subsequent thing degradation.
4. the spray absorption plant of the absorption-biotechnology of foul waste gas according to claim 3 is characterized in that spraying a waste water part that absorbs generation and can do to recycle as shower water again after biological cycle water, other process biochemical treatment.
5. the bio-trickling device of the absorption of foul waste gas according to claim 1-biological cleaning technology, it is characterized in that bio-trickling device and biological fluids EGR are integrated for biological purification plant, also can adopt split type, be divided into bio-trickling device and two self-contained units of biological fluids circulating slot, to reduce the height of biological tower.
6. the bio-trickling device of the absorption of the described foul waste gas of claim 5-biological cleaning technology is characterized in that employed beam type gas ejection-type support plate and the supporting use of liquid re-distributor in this device.
7. the tank type liquid distributor that bio-trickling device adopted of the absorption of the described foul waste gas of claim 5-biological cleaning technology, this liquid distribution trough normally splitter box (one-level groove), one group of distributing slot (secondary groove), and distributing slot on formation such as liquid distribution element.
8. the biological fluids EGR bottom that biological dripping and filtering system adopted of the absorption of the described foul waste gas of claim 5-biological cleaning technology is provided with aeration tube, the odorant pollutant of aerobic biodegradation circulation fluid.
9. the bio-trickling device of the absorption-biotechnology of the described foul waste gas of claim 1 is characterized in that the microorganism species of the purification foul waste gas in the bio-trickling device, and this microorganism species biologically active temperature is at 20～55 ℃.
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