CN101191415A - Method for crushing rock formation of coal mine - Google Patents
Method for crushing rock formation of coal mine Download PDFInfo
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- CN101191415A CN101191415A CNA2006101441098A CN200610144109A CN101191415A CN 101191415 A CN101191415 A CN 101191415A CN A2006101441098 A CNA2006101441098 A CN A2006101441098A CN 200610144109 A CN200610144109 A CN 200610144109A CN 101191415 A CN101191415 A CN 101191415A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for breaking rock stratum in coal mines, wherein, the rock stratum met during the mechanical coal mining process is broken, and the rock stratum met during the mechanical coal mining process is statically broken by using static breaking agent. Firstly, broken holes are arranged on the rock stratum according to free surface and hardness of the rock stratum; secondly, the static breaking agent is selected and slurries are mixed according to characteristic requirements of the static breaking agent; thirdly, the slurries of the static breaking agent after mixture are infused into the broken holes, and the rock stratum is broken after the static breaking agent reacts. The invention adopts the static breaking agent to break the rock stratum, thereby the invention has the advantages of avoidance of blasting operation in hazardous operation areas like faults and so on, preclusion of insecurity factors brought about by the blasting operation and damage of blasting flyrocks on a coal mining device, high efficiency, safety and low cost. The invention is suitable for mining of various mines and particularly suitable for processing the rock stratum met during the mechanical coal mining process in the coal mines.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of coal mining technology, relate in particular to a kind of method that coal mine machinery melts the rock stratum that runs in adopting of handling.
Background technology
The occurrence condition complexity in coal seam, colliery, in a coal-face, often there are the some tomographies that differ in size, when the fully-mechanized mining working that adopts fully-mechanized mining equipment to mine runs into tomography or short distance rock stratum, fully-mechanized mining equipment can't carry out operation, at this moment needs to use other method to pass the rock stratum.Existing processing method is that fully-mechanized mining equipment is partly removed transfer or carried out security protection, adopts the mode of drill eye blasting to handle near the rock stratum of tomography.At first be that security protection partly be removed or be carried out to fully-mechanized mining equipment need, carry out perforating with the perforating instrument, powder charge then, explosion are loaded with coal-winning machine again, fully-mechanized mining equipment are installed after explosion is finished again.The shortcoming of this processing mode is that fully-mechanized mining equipment is partly removed and shifted, the alternately operating time is long, and need near the work plane tomography, carry out bursting work, yet carry out bursting work at coal-face and often bring potential safety hazard, damage equipment, even cause accidents such as gas, coal-dust explosion, also must increase some safety measures for avoiding these hidden danger, increase operation and cost, influenced the efficient of mining.
Summary of the invention
The method that the purpose of this invention is to provide crushing rock formation in a kind of colliery, this method can melt the rock stratum that runs in the process of adopting by efficient, safe processing coal mine machinery.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
The method of crushing rock formation in the colliery of the present invention comprises fragmentation is carried out in the rock stratum that runs in the mechanical coal mining process, to the rock stratum that runs in the coal mining process, with static breaking agent static crushing is carried out in the rock stratum.
Described static breaking agent comprises step when static crushing is carried out in the rock stratum:
A, according to the scope of freedom and the hardness of rock stratum, on the rock stratum, arrange broken hole;
B, select static breaking agent for use, and require to join slurry according to the characteristic of static breaking agent;
C, the static breaking agent slurry for preparing is poured into broken hole, after the static breaking agent reaction with crushing rock formation.
In the described steps A, on the rock stratum, before the broken hole of layout, at first on the rock stratum, arrange the scope of freedom, and according to the broken hole of the location arrangements on the scope of freedom.
The described scope of freedom obtains by the method for boring and/or cutting and/or gradation fragmentation.
The aperture in described broken hole is 25～100mm.
The hole depth in described broken hole is 0.8～10m.
Spacing between the described broken hole is 0.2～1.5m.
Among the described step B, when selecting static breaking agent for use,, select suitable static breaking agent for use according to the different seasons and the temperature of rock stratum;
When static breaking agent is joined slurry, select to join the denseness of slurry according to the gradient in broken hole:
To downward-sloping broken hole, static breaking agent is made into the mucus shape; Or cracking agent inserted broken Kong Houzai water filling;
To lateral aperture and/or acclivitous broken hole, static breaking agent is made into the clay shape; Or static breaking agent is dressed up earlier cylindric with paper bag, insert broken hole after the immersion.
Among the described step C, the static breaking agent slurry for preparing needs to pour into broken hole before reaction is expanded.
Before the static breaking agent slurry poured into broken hole, at first water in the broken hole and/or foreign material are cleaned out.
As seen from the above technical solution provided by the invention, the method for crushing rock formation in the colliery of the present invention because rock stratum to running in the coal mining process is carried out static crushing with static breaking agent to the rock stratum, safety, efficient, cost is low.Be applicable to the exploitation of various mines, be particularly useful for the processing of the rock stratum that runs in the mechanical mining process in colliery.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 arranges schematic diagram for the broken hole of the method specific embodiment one of crushing rock formation in the colliery of the present invention perpendicular to work plane;
Fig. 2 arranges schematic diagram for the broken hole of the specific embodiment of the invention two perpendicular to work plane;
Fig. 3 is parallel to work plane layout schematic diagram for the broken hole of the specific embodiment of the invention three;
Fig. 4 is the 1-1 sectional view of Fig. 3.
The specific embodiment
The preferable specific embodiment of the method for crushing rock formation is in the colliery of the present invention, and static crushing is carried out with static breaking agent in the rock stratum that runs in the coal mining process.
When static crushing being carried out in the rock stratum with static breaking agent,
At first, on the rock stratum, arrange broken hole according to the scope of freedom and the hardness of rock stratum;
Select static breaking agent then for use, and require to join slurry according to the characteristic of static breaking agent;
Afterwards the static breaking agent slurry for preparing is poured into broken hole, after the static breaking agent reaction with crushing rock formation.
Just can exploit and load after the rock stratum is broken by cutting coal machine or other coal-cutting machinery.
Before on the rock stratum, arranging broken hole, preferably select the suitable scope of freedom, and arrange broken hole according to the arrangement states on the scope of freedom.The scope of freedom can obtain by the method for boring, cutting or gradation fragmentation.Also can be by the soft relatively characteristics in coal seam, with the fault plane of the junction of coal seam and rock stratum as the scope of freedom.
Specifically when arranging the broken hole and the scope of freedom, preferably follow following principle:
General static breaking agent when construction the environment temperature height, broken bore dia is big, water/binder ratio is little, pitch-row hour, cracking time is fast, it is big to render a service; Otherwise cracking time is slow, effectiveness is little.Therefore, take all factors into consideration the pitch-row and the aperture in cloth hole according to field condition and construction cost etc.
In addition, the scope of freedom is many, and the broken time is short.Therefore, to take different bore distribution methods to the different scope of freedoms.Broken hole is arranged and can be decided according to the scope of freedom of structure, or creates the scope of freedom as much as possible.The scope of freedom is many, and the broken time is short.Different bore distribution methods is taked on the different scope of freedoms.
If have only a scope of freedom, create the another one scope of freedom at least, as broken with pneumatic pick or bore intensive pre-ceasma, perhaps adopt angling hole to combine, branch's fragmentation in batches with upright opening.
Specific embodiment one, as shown in Figure 1, contact position in rock stratum and coal seam, the coal seam excavation is formed the scope of freedom (free face), on the rock stratum, arrange the broken hole of level perpendicular to work plane, can load onto static breaking agent as the powder charge hole this moment with all the broken Kong Jun on the rock stratum, the method of this fragmentation is preferably on the coal-face and inwardly adopts the gradation fragmentation by both sides, or by the broken method of side order, time and order by the control powder charge, make rock fragmentation earlier, form the new scope of freedom near the coal seam, broken successively again.
Specific embodiment two as shown in Figure 2, also can be arranged the broken hole of level perpendicular to work plane on the rock stratum, one or more powder charges hole, interval just keeps an emptying aperture and do not adorn static breaking agent, and the emptying aperture of not adorning static breaking agent like this is just as the pilot hole or the scope of freedom.The method of this powder charge can adopt from the both sides, rock stratum the inwardly broken mode of order, also can adopt the mode of primary fragmentation.
Specific embodiment three, as shown in Figure 3, contact position in rock stratum and coal seam, the coal seam excavation is formed the hammer drill working space, on the rock stratum, be parallel to coal-face and arrange broken hole, at this moment, coal-face is the scope of freedom, all broken Kong Jun on the rock stratum can be loaded onto static breaking agent as the powder charge hole, by the inside broken method of employing order in both sides, rock stratum,, make near the rock stratum of coal-face broken earlier along coal-face by the time and the order of control powder charge, form the new scope of freedom, broken successively again.
As shown in Figure 4, after the whole fragmentations in rock stratum on aspect, inwardly broken successively again.
During boring, the boring of periphery should be suitably intensive than the hole at middle part, broken earlier to guarantee peripheral medium.
Bore diameter can be between 25～100mm scope.Can be for 25,38,40,42,60,80, preferred size such as 100mm, preferably less than 60mm, punching easily takes place when surpassing 60mm, must cover after pouring into static breaking agent.The optimum aperture in broken hole is 38～42mm,
The hole depth in broken hole is preferably between 0.8～10m, can be for 0.8,1.0,2.0,5.0,8.0, preferred size such as 10m, and optimum is 1.0～2.0m.
Spacing between the broken hole is preferably 0.2～1.5m, can be for 0.2,0.6,1.0, preferred size such as 1.5m, optimal size is 0.2～0.6m, in the boring of arranging the dress static breaking agent, also can arrange emptying aperture (the not boring of holding breaking agent), to increase the scope of freedom.
When selecting static breaking agent for use, select suitable static breaking agent for use according to different seasons and temperature; When static breaking agent is joined slurry, select to join the denseness of slurry according to the gradient in broken hole:
To lateral aperture or acclivitous broken hole, static breaking agent is made into the clay shape, but drug of choice volume type cracking agent, also can reduce water/binder ratio, be generally 20%～25%, mix is even, become the cotton-shaped or clay shape of wet and loose face, fill in broken hole then, and with waddy tamping layer by layer.
Also static breaking agent can be dressed up earlier cylindricly with paper bag, be inserted broken hole after the immersion, can prick aperture above the paper and be beneficial to soak.
To downward-sloping broken hole, except that adopting said method, static breaking agent can also be made into the mucus shape and pour into boring, also cracking agent can be inserted boring after, water filling again.Water/binder ratio is generally about 30%.Water/binder ratio is big more, and the bulbs of pressure are more little, and the reaction expansion time is long more.Press different proportion with static breaking agent and clear water, in container, stir into mobile even slurry with machinery or artificial (must be with rubber gloves).
The static breaking agent slurry for preparing needs to pour into broken hole before reaction is expanded, and then the aperture is sealed, because static breaking agent, temperature and water/binder ratio is different, the reaction time of cracking agent can be different, the good time of GPRS during use.
Before the static breaking agent slurry poured into broken hole, at first water in the broken hole and foreign material are cleaned out.Slurry after will stirring then directly pours into densely continuously or is pressed into mortar pump, till filling.
In addition, should check the dried degree that wets of boring before the perfusion slurry, to bibulous dry boring, should be earlier with the moistening hole wall of water purification, filling then, or join the suitable water yield that increases when starching, in order to avoid hole wall absorbs the moisture in the slurry in a large number, influence crushing effect.
During the perfusion slurry, pour into by the order of breaking before and after the rock stratum, so that follow-up rock breakdown utilizes the scope of freedom of front to come the efficiency crushing rock stratum.Must become line continuously during grouting, prevent to form air blanketing.
The construction of pitch-row or secondary can be reduced in the rock stratum bigger to hardness, promptly adds the hole in uncracked boring, joins slurry, perfusion once more.
Can at first the rock stratum be tested targetedly according to the principle of static crushing technology in the actual engineering, adjust construction parameter according to experimental result.
Should also be noted that in the construction:
Static breaking agent belongs to alkalescence, and skin is had mild corrosion, and operating personnel Wear goggles and emgloves, and filling boring please don't be facing to the aperture direct-view, in case sporadic punching phenomenon injury eyes before crackle takes place; Slurry after the stirring should finish in 3 minutes in filling perforation; Find in the stirring that slurry heats up rapidly and the exsiccation of scalding one's hand, slurry should be poured on underground giving up need not; The static breaking agent of different model can not be used with, forbids to blend other chemicals; Strict moistureproof, should use up after unpacking as far as possible.
The present invention is simple to operate, safety, the duration is short, cost is low; Be applicable to the exploitation of various mines, be particularly useful for coal mine machinery and melt the rock stratum tomography of adopting middle processing process.
Static breaking agent can be by slow goods consignment, storage, keeping.Shockproof in shattering process, the no slungshot of static blasting, noiseless, nontoxic pollution-free, manageability.Broken speed is fast, and can control, and the crack can occur about half an hour after the general powder charge.Broken strength is big, and maximum can reach 120MPa.Be applicable to the fragmentation of various rock stratum.
Static breaking agent (SCA) has another name called soundless cracking agent, it is a kind of high-expansion granular material, it is used water treatment, be filled in the boring of crushing medium and leave standstill, along with the carrying out of hydration reaction, expand and sclerosis generation simultaneously, can produce bigger turgor pressure within a certain period of time, hole wall is applied effect, thereby make be broken body cracking, fragmentation.
Static crushing is a kind of novel broken construction technology that development in recent years is got up, because it can be at friction, no slungshot, broken or cutting rock stratum or concrete structures under noiselessness, the free of contamination condition, the utmost point are suitable for the reorganization and expansion of the removal of all kinds of reinforced concrete foundations, building in the urban construction and bridge, harbour, road, culvert.Thereby having vast potential for future development, the static crushing technology successfully is applied on ground, but in the construction of colliery underground mining, the precedent of application is not arranged also at fully-mechanized mining working particularly.The present invention is applied to the static crushing technology in the safety in production in colliery just.
The above; only for the preferable specific embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and anyly is familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the variation that can expect easily or replacement all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the method for crushing rock formation in the colliery comprises fragmentation is carried out in the rock stratum that runs in the mechanical coal mining process, it is characterized in that, to the rock stratum that runs in the coal mining process, with static breaking agent static crushing is carried out in the rock stratum.
2. the method for crushing rock formation is characterized in that in the colliery according to claim 1, and described static breaking agent comprises step when static crushing is carried out in the rock stratum:
A, according to the scope of freedom and the hardness of rock stratum, on the rock stratum, arrange broken hole;
B, select static breaking agent for use, and require to join slurry according to the characteristic of static breaking agent;
C, the static breaking agent slurry for preparing is poured into broken hole, after the static breaking agent reaction with crushing rock formation.
3. the method for crushing rock formation is characterized in that in the colliery according to claim 2, in the described steps A, before the broken hole of layout, at first arranges the scope of freedom on the rock stratum on the rock stratum, and according to the broken hole of the location arrangements on the scope of freedom.
4. the method for crushing rock formation is characterized in that in the colliery according to claim 3, and the described scope of freedom obtains by the method for boring and/or cutting and/or gradation fragmentation.
5. according to the method for crushing rock formation in claim 2 or the 3 described collieries, it is characterized in that the aperture in described broken hole is 25～100mm.
6. according to the method for crushing rock formation in claim 2 or the 3 described collieries, it is characterized in that the hole depth in described broken hole is 0.8～10m.
7. according to the method for crushing rock formation in claim 2 or the 3 described collieries, it is characterized in that the spacing between the described broken hole is 0.2～1.5m.
8. the method for crushing rock formation is characterized in that in the colliery according to claim 2, among the described step B, when selecting static breaking agent for use, according to the different seasons and the temperature of rock stratum, selects suitable static breaking agent for use;
When static breaking agent is joined slurry, select to join the denseness of slurry according to the gradient in broken hole:
To downward-sloping broken hole, static breaking agent is made into the mucus shape; Or cracking agent inserted broken Kong Houzai water filling;
To lateral aperture and/or acclivitous broken hole, static breaking agent is made into the clay shape; Or static breaking agent is dressed up earlier cylindric with paper bag, insert broken hole after the immersion.
9. the method for crushing rock formation is characterized in that in the colliery according to claim 2, and among the described step C, the static breaking agent slurry for preparing needs to pour into broken hole before reaction is expanded.
10. the method for crushing rock formation is characterized in that in the colliery according to claim 9, the static breaking agent slurry is poured into broken hole before, at first water in the broken hole and/or foreign material are cleaned out.
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| CNB2006101441098A CN100564802C (en) | 2006-11-27 | 2006-11-27 | The method of crushing rock formation in the colliery |
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| CN113153292A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-07-23 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for quickly crossing hard rock fault by hydraulic fracturing of underground coal face of coal mine |
| CN113153291A (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2021-07-23 | 长沙有色冶金设计研究院有限公司 | Comprehensive mechanical continuous mining method for hydraulic fracturing of gently inclined hard rock |
| CN113153297A (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2021-07-23 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Method for preventing and controlling dynamic disasters by carrying out covered rock non-blasting presplitting pressure relief in deep coal seam mining |
| CN113203329A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-08-03 | 中信建设有限责任公司 | Stone square static crushing method for ultra-large volume of mountain deep foundation pit |
| CN114412462A (en) * | 2022-01-19 | 2022-04-29 | 长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司 | Cutter head suitable for hard rock mining and hard rock mining method |
| CN114412462B (en) * | 2022-01-19 | 2023-06-30 | 长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司 | Cutter head suitable for hard rock mining and hard rock mining method |
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