CN101140164A - All-station instrument accurate measurement height method - Google Patents
All-station instrument accurate measurement height method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101140164A CN101140164A CNA2007101460445A CN200710146044A CN101140164A CN 101140164 A CN101140164 A CN 101140164A CN A2007101460445 A CNA2007101460445 A CN A2007101460445A CN 200710146044 A CN200710146044 A CN 200710146044A CN 101140164 A CN101140164 A CN 101140164A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for accurately measuring height with a total station, which is a new method for accurately measuring the height. The technical scheme provided in the invention is that the total station is arranged between a front viewpoint and a rear viewpoint and leveled, and a leveling distance measuring prism holder of two equally high centering rods is arranged on the front and rear viewpoints to implement measurement (see the figure). When implementing measurement, the crosshairs center of a total station telescope aims at the center of a rear viewpoint reflection prism to measure distance, record the height difference reading (VD) of the rear viewpoint, and read the height difference reading of the front viewpoint according to the method; the difference between the height difference readings of the front and rear viewpoints is the height difference of the front viewpoint relative to the rear viewpoint, and the sum between the height difference and the height of the rear viewpoint is the height of the front viewpoint. The invention can be widely used in common measurement and engineering measurement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of new method with all-station instrument accurate measurement height.
Background technology
1, the method for the accurate measurement height that uses now is measurement of the level, and the equipment that measurement of the level is used is spirit-leveling instrument and levelling staff.As Fig. 1, the principle of measurement of the level is: the horizontal line of sight of utilizing spirit-leveling instrument to provide, levelling staff before observation is upright on viewpoint and the backsight point, read the scale data, viewpoint was with respect to the discrepancy in elevation of backsight point before then the difference of backsight and forward reading was, and backsight point elevation and discrepancy in elevation sum are exactly the elevation of preceding viewpoint.
Measurement of the level mainly contains the shortcoming of following three aspects:
1. measuring speed is slow.Measurement of the level sighting distance (spirit-leveling instrument is to the distance of levelling staff) is little, and survey station is many, and measuring speed is slow, if with a varied topography, then measuring speed can be slower.
2. be subjected to the influence of topography big.Measurement of the level is easy to measure in the physical features flat country, if it is bigger to intend the geodetic shape gradient, will frequent mobile spirit-leveling instrument, and cause the reduction of measuring speed and precision.
Influenced greatly by human factor.When carrying out measurement of the level, the work that survey crew intensity is the highest is reading, and this requirement to survey crew is very high, and people's measurement for a long time is easy to cause kopiopia and influences reading.In addition, different measuring personnel's reading also can be different.
2, trigonometric levelling also is a kind of method of measuring elevation, and precision is lower than measurement of the level, is not the method for accurate measurement height.But it is subjected to the influence of topographic relief little, and measuring speed is fast, is applicable to the measurement of higher degree when accuracy requirement is not too high.
The instrument that trigonometric levelling is used is transit and surveyor's beacon.As Fig. 2, the principle of trigonometric levelling is: transit is erected at known spot elevation, surveyor's beacon is erected at plan surveys spot elevation, utilize the vertical angle that transit observation surveyor's beacon records, horizontal range, instrument height and the surveyor's beacon height of point-to-point transmission, use trigonometric function and calculate 2 discrepancy in elevation, and then obtain and intend the measuring point elevation.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to explore a kind of method of new accurate measurement height, can guarantee measuring accuracy, can accelerate measuring speed again, reduce workload.
The instrument that all-station instrument accurate measurement height method uses is total powerstation and level range finder prism.As Fig. 3, the technical scheme of all-station instrument accurate measurement height method is: before total powerstation being flattened between forward and backward viewpoint and contour centering rod level range finder prism being erected on viewpoint and the backsight point, aim at the center of backsight point reflecting prism earlier with total powerstation telescope center of reticule, range finding is also read the discrepancy in elevation reading (VD) of backsight point, the discrepancy in elevation reading of viewpoint before in accordance with the law reading again, then preceding viewpoint and backsight point discrepancy in elevation reading poor, viewpoint is with respect to the discrepancy in elevation of backsight point before being, and backsight point elevation and discrepancy in elevation sum are the elevation of preceding viewpoint.
The alleged centering rod level of the present invention range finder prism is fixed in the level range finder prism on the centering rod exactly, and is called centering rod level range finder prism.
The alleged centering rod level of the present invention range finder prism is contour, is meant after the total powerstation leveling (need not centering), successively two centering rod level range finder prisms are erected on the same point, and total powerstation telescope center of reticule directed prism center, range finding.If when the discrepancy in elevation reading (VD) that total powerstation is measured equated, then two centering rod level range finder prisms were contour.
All-station instrument accurate measurement height method is by measurement of the level and trigonometric levelling development, and it is higher than measurement of the level precision, method is simpler, has kept the advantage of trigonometric levelling again.Compare with trigonometric levelling with measurement of the level, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, be subjected to the influence of topography little, layout flexibly, applied widely.Has only the energy intervisibility, even also can measure easily in regions with complex terrain such as mountain area and hills.
2, measuring speed is fast.Use the total station survey elevation, sighting distance can reach more than 1.5 times of measurement of the level, has reduced survey station, and total powerstation can automatic reading, and these have all improved measuring speed greatly.
3, it is little influenced by human factor.The present invention is influenced by human factor hardly except that the error of centralization of reflecting prism, need not estimate read data, and the high and centering rod level range finder prism height without surveying instrument is because of the personal error that above operation causes can be avoided.
4, labour intensity is low.As long as with total powerstation leveling and aim at the reflecting prism center with telescope and can measure, not can as estimate read to tire out the levelling staff two dry and astringent, have a pain in the back.
The invention of all-station instrument accurate measurement height method has not only increased the new method of an accurate measurement height, also makes the function of total powerstation obtain further performance.Like this, but utilize the not only flat distance of measure water of total powerstation, can accurately measure the discrepancy in elevation again.
The present invention can be widely used in common survey and engineering survey.
Description of drawings
The present invention is described further below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
1, Fig. 1 is the measurement of the level schematic diagram.
1. national elevation datum among the figure; 2. be spirit-leveling instrument, leveling between A point and B point; 3. be two levelling staffs, be erected at A, B 2 points respectively.
Working direction is shown in arrow among the figure, and known A is known spot elevation (backsight point), and its elevation is H
A; The B point is spot elevation to be measured (a preceding viewpoint), supposes that its elevation is H
B
Utilize spirit-leveling instrument to read the rod reading of 2 of A, B respectively, and remember and make backsight h
AWith forward reading h
B, then before viewpoint B with respect to the discrepancy in elevation of backsight point A:
h
AB=h
A-h
B(rice)
The elevation that B is ordered is:
H
B=H
A+ h
AB(rice)
2, Fig. 2 is the trigonometric levelling schematic diagram.
1. national elevation datum among the figure; 2. be transit, be erected at the A point; 3. be surveyor's beacon, be erected at the B point.
Known A point height H
A, 2 of the high i of transit instrument, the high h of surveyor's beacon and A, B horizontal range S.
Transit is aimed at surveyor's beacon, and read vertical angle α, then surveyor's beacon is with respect to the discrepancy in elevation of transit transverse axis:
h
B=Stg α (rice)
The discrepancy in elevation that the B point is ordered with respect to A:
h
AB=h
B+ i-h=Stg α+i-h (rice)
The elevation that B is ordered is:
H
B=H
A+ h
AB(rice)
3, Fig. 3 is the all-station instrument accurate measurement height schematic diagram.
1. national elevation datum among the figure; 2. be total powerstation, the C point leveling between 2 of A, B; 3. be two contour centering rod level range finder prisms, be erected at A, B 2 points respectively.
Measure working direction as shown by arrows, known A is known spot elevation (backsight point), and its elevation is H
AThe B point is spot elevation to be measured (a preceding viewpoint), supposes that its elevation is H
B
Suppose that again the C point height is H
C, total powerstation instrument height is i; The height of centering rod level range finder prism is h.
Total powerstation telescope center of reticule is aimed at the center of A, 2 reflecting prisms of locating of B respectively, and range finding is remembered discrepancy in elevation reading (VD) respectively and to be made h
AAnd h
B(noting positive and negative, stet).
According to the trigonometric levelling principle, then 2 elevations of ordering with respect to C of A, B are respectively:
H
A=H
C+ h
A+ i-h (rice)
H
B=H
C+ h
B+ i-h (rice)
Then the B point discrepancy in elevation of ordering with respect to A is:
h
AB=H
B-H
A=(H
C+ h
B+ i-h)-(H
C+ h
A+ i-h)=h
B-h
A(rice)
The elevation that B is ordered is:
H
B=H
A+ h
AB(rice)
Embodiment
Before the testing, the level range finder prism is fixed on the centering rod, and they is adjusted to contour, fix centering rod, guarantee that it is highly constant in measuring process.
The testing form is similar to measurement of the level, and total powerstation is flattened between forward and backward viewpoint, and contour centering rod level range finder prism is erected at respectively on the forward and backward viewpoint.
Total powerstation sets up a little and tries one's best in the centre of preceding viewpoint and backsight point, makes forward and backward sighting distance near equating.Like this, the measuring error that causes of spherical aberration, gas difference and total powerstation i angle can be offset.
Earlier total powerstation telescope center of reticule is aimed at the center of backsight point reflecting prism, range finding is made backsight with discrepancy in elevation reading (VD) (notes positive and negative, stet) note, surveys altogether four times (if the difference of reading above 2mm time should resurvey), charges to level book.
Read forward reading again, and it is thin to charge to the measurement hand in accordance with the law.
So measure in proper order along leveling line or detail point.
Deduct backsight with forward reading, viewpoint is with respect to the discrepancy in elevation of backsight point before being; Backsight point elevation and discrepancy in elevation sum, the elevation of viewpoint before being.
Suggestion: the maximum sighting distance when measuring third-class level is no more than 150 meters, and the maximum sighting distance when measuring fourth class level is no more than 200 meters; Forward and backward sighting distance difference is no more than 4 meters.
Claims (3)
1. the method with all-station instrument accurate measurement height is characterized in that: flatten between viewpoint and the backsight point before total powerstation is placed, measure on viewpoint and the backsight point before two centering rod level range finder prisms are erected at respectively.
2. all-station instrument accurate measurement height method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: forward sight distance and backsight are apart from equate as far as possible.
3. all-station instrument accurate measurement height method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the centering rod level range finder prism that sets up on preceding viewpoint and the backsight point is contour.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007101460445A CN101140164A (en) | 2007-09-10 | 2007-09-10 | All-station instrument accurate measurement height method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007101460445A CN101140164A (en) | 2007-09-10 | 2007-09-10 | All-station instrument accurate measurement height method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101140164A true CN101140164A (en) | 2008-03-12 |
Family
ID=39192213
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007101460445A Pending CN101140164A (en) | 2007-09-10 | 2007-09-10 | All-station instrument accurate measurement height method |
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| CN102305617A (en) * | 2011-08-09 | 2012-01-04 | 天津二十冶建设有限公司 | Method for measuring elevation accurately by total station instrument in engineering |
| CN102967298A (en) * | 2011-08-29 | 2013-03-13 | 新加坡科技研究局 | Surveying apparatus with height measurement capability |
| CN103644891A (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-03-19 | 中冶天工集团有限公司 | Method for measuring elevation of top of ultrahigh column |
| CN104776977A (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2015-07-15 | 中国海洋大学 | Coastal engineering silt physical model test bottom bed dynamic and comprehensive observation method |
| CN104897061A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-09-09 | 太原理工大学 | Total station and three-dimensional laser scanning combined large-scale maritime work equipment measuring method |
| CN105066886A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-11-18 | 桂林理工大学 | Method for measuring height of total station |
| CN105865416A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-08-17 | 桂林理工大学 | Leveling rod suspended leveling method for settlement monitoring |
| CN106382876A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-02-08 | 桂林理工大学 | Simple method for measuring height of theodolite |
| CN106895819A (en) * | 2017-01-03 | 2017-06-27 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | A kind of total powerstation high accuracy Trigonometric Leveling |
| CN107101613A (en) * | 2017-05-11 | 2017-08-29 | 广西水利电力职业技术学院 | A kind of measuring method of total powerstation height of instrument |
| CN107328388A (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2017-11-07 | 中铁上海工程局集团有限公司 | It is a kind of high without the high Trigonometric Leveling of prism without instrument |
| CN108020202A (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2018-05-11 | 湖南科技大学 | There is the electronic level and its application method of the high real―time precision measurment of instrument |
| CN108020203A (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2018-05-11 | 湖南科技大学 | A kind of electronic level with the high real―time precision measurment of instrument and usage thereof |
| CN108020201A (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2018-05-11 | 湖南科技大学 | It is a kind of that there is the spirit level and its application method of high precision instrument high measurement |
| CN108036763A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-05-15 | 郭昆林 | Ranging total powerstation |
| CN108426522A (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2018-08-21 | 河北省安装工程有限公司 | A kind of pipe element spatial position method of sampling |
| CN108827230A (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2018-11-16 | 中铁大桥局集团有限公司 | A kind of ultra-wide waters Precision River-Crossing Leveling device and method |
| CN108981660A (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2018-12-11 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | A kind of Opposite side survey method of triangulated height |
| CN109186544A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-01-11 | 湖南联智桥隧技术有限公司 | A kind of method and device for facing the measurement of higher degree of sky interface |
| CN110346769A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-10-18 | 芜湖易来达雷达科技有限公司 | A kind of portable testing jig equipment for millimetre-wave radar test |
| CN110567448A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-12-13 | 中铁十二局集团建筑安装工程有限公司 | Method for measuring elevation coordinates by total station |
| CN111076705A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-04-28 | 吉林通钢矿业有限责任公司 | Method for optimizing triangulation elevation measurement by using total station |
| CN111504264A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-08-07 | 中铁二局第一工程有限公司 | Method for measuring equal height of two centering rods and verifying precision of centering rods |
| CN111536934A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-08-14 | 中冶天工集团有限公司 | Method for eliminating errors of height of measuring instrument and height of target in triangular elevation |
| CN111536997A (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2020-08-14 | 中建七局第一建筑有限公司 | Self-checking and correcting method for level |
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| CN112629490A (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-04-09 | 中铁大桥局集团第一工程有限公司 | Differential correction triangular height measurement assembly and measurement method |
| CN113112415A (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2021-07-13 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Target automatic identification method and device for image measurement of total station |
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| CN114353748A (en) * | 2022-01-06 | 2022-04-15 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | Total station triangular elevation back-and-forth measurement method for setting station with distance of 20-40m from prism |
| CN114608526A (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2022-06-10 | 晋能控股煤业集团有限公司 | Method for measuring elevation by freely setting station |
-
2007
- 2007-09-10 CN CNA2007101460445A patent/CN101140164A/en active Pending
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102305617A (en) * | 2011-08-09 | 2012-01-04 | 天津二十冶建设有限公司 | Method for measuring elevation accurately by total station instrument in engineering |
| CN102967298A (en) * | 2011-08-29 | 2013-03-13 | 新加坡科技研究局 | Surveying apparatus with height measurement capability |
| CN103644891A (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-03-19 | 中冶天工集团有限公司 | Method for measuring elevation of top of ultrahigh column |
| CN103644891B (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2016-08-17 | 中冶天工集团有限公司 | The measuring method of top of ultrahigh column absolute altitude |
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| CN104897061A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-09-09 | 太原理工大学 | Total station and three-dimensional laser scanning combined large-scale maritime work equipment measuring method |
| CN105066886B (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2017-10-10 | 桂林理工大学 | A kind of method for measuring total powerstation height |
| CN105066886A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-11-18 | 桂林理工大学 | Method for measuring height of total station |
| CN105865416A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-08-17 | 桂林理工大学 | Leveling rod suspended leveling method for settlement monitoring |
| CN106382876A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-02-08 | 桂林理工大学 | Simple method for measuring height of theodolite |
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| CN106895819B (en) * | 2017-01-03 | 2023-08-25 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | Total station high-precision triangular elevation measurement method |
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| CN107101613A (en) * | 2017-05-11 | 2017-08-29 | 广西水利电力职业技术学院 | A kind of measuring method of total powerstation height of instrument |
| CN107101613B (en) * | 2017-05-11 | 2019-03-12 | 广西水利电力职业技术学院 | A kind of measurement method of total station height of instrument |
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| CN111076705A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-04-28 | 吉林通钢矿业有限责任公司 | Method for optimizing triangulation elevation measurement by using total station |
| CN111504264A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-08-07 | 中铁二局第一工程有限公司 | Method for measuring equal height of two centering rods and verifying precision of centering rods |
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| CN111536997B (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2023-06-02 | 中建七局第一建筑有限公司 | Self-checking correction method for level |
| CN111536997A (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2020-08-14 | 中建七局第一建筑有限公司 | Self-checking and correcting method for level |
| CN111609832A (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2020-09-01 | 长江三峡技术经济发展有限公司 | Precise electronic leveling method |
| CN111609832B (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2022-04-08 | 长江三峡技术经济发展有限公司 | Precise electronic leveling method |
| CN111663384A (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2020-09-15 | 中国铁建高新装备股份有限公司 | Circuit detection system and method and tamping vehicle |
| CN111721262A (en) * | 2020-07-10 | 2020-09-29 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Automatic guiding method for total station tracking in field elevation measurement |
| CN111721262B (en) * | 2020-07-10 | 2021-06-11 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Automatic guiding method for total station tracking in field elevation measurement |
| CN112414368A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-02-26 | 湖北工业大学 | Triangular elevation measurement method assisted by micro unmanned aerial vehicle |
| CN112414368B (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2022-03-15 | 湖北工业大学 | Triangular elevation measurement method assisted by micro unmanned aerial vehicle |
| CN112629490A (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-04-09 | 中铁大桥局集团第一工程有限公司 | Differential correction triangular height measurement assembly and measurement method |
| CN112857335B (en) * | 2021-01-08 | 2021-11-30 | 昆明理工大学 | Flood discharge water surface line dynamic observation method of prism-free total station |
| CN113112415A (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2021-07-13 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Target automatic identification method and device for image measurement of total station |
| CN114353748A (en) * | 2022-01-06 | 2022-04-15 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | Total station triangular elevation back-and-forth measurement method for setting station with distance of 20-40m from prism |
| CN114608526A (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2022-06-10 | 晋能控股煤业集团有限公司 | Method for measuring elevation by freely setting station |
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