CN101139681A - High grade cold rolling non-oriented silicon steel and method for manufacturing same - Google Patents
High grade cold rolling non-oriented silicon steel and method for manufacturing same Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a middle and high grade cold rolled no-orientation silicon steel and its manufacturing method. The components of the no-orientation silicon steel are that: C of 0.0015 per cent to 0.005 per cent Si of 1.60 per cent to 3.30 per cent Mn of 0.50 to 2.50 per cent P of no more than 0.050 per cent S of 0.0010 per cent to 0.0050 per cent Al of 0.15 per cent to 0.50% N of 0.0010 per cent to 0.0050 per cent, small amount of Sn, Sb, Cu can be added, total mount is less than 0.20 per cent, the remainder are Fe and unavoidable foreign matters and Mn per cent is equal to k multiplied by |Si plus 2Al-2.05|per cent plus 0.28 per cent, wherein, k is equal to 1.0 to 3.0. The manufacturing method is that: hot rolling, pickling, cold rolling and annealing the cast blanks of the components. The heating temperature for the cast blanks at hot rolling is 1050 to 1200 DEG C, the rolling passes are 3 to 5 no.s, the pressure-down rate is 20 to 40 per cent for each pass; the temperature for fine and final rolling temperature is 800 to 900 DEG C, coiling temperature is 600 to 680 DEG C, and the annealing is done in a dry protective atmosphere. The method has low process difficult, low cost and high product surface quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of in high grade cold rolling non-oriented silicon steel and manufacture method thereof, specifically relate to a kind of Si content high grade cold rolling non-oriented silicon steel in 1.6% above hot rolled, relate to the manufacture method of this silicon steel simultaneously.
Background technology
(Si+Al) silicon steel of %＞1.7% and C≤0.01% solidify and course of hot rolling in do not have phase transformation, in the strand in thick (100) column crystal course of hot rolling because the slowly and thoroughly fragmentation of dynamic recovery and recrystallize, near the hot-rolled sheet thickness of slab center is the deformation crystal grain of thick elongation, be mainly the deformation energy storage extremely low 100}＜011〉fiber texture, be difficult to take place recrystallize during later on cold rolling and annealing, thereby form the corrugated defective on the production board surface.This not only influences the visual appearance of product, also can have a negative impact to punching closed assembly performance.The method of eliminating this defective has following several:
(1) casting process adopts induction stirring (special public imperial edict 53-114609 communique) and low temperature teeming practice (special public imperial edict 49-39526 communique), improves equiaxed zone ratio in the strand, to eliminate finished surface corrugated defective.Production practice show, the medium axial ratio ratio of strand＜60% o'clock only rely on this method to be difficult to thoroughly eliminate the corrugated defective, and casting process is wayward, and inclusion is difficult for come-up in the crystallizer, and The amount of inclusions increases in the continuously cast bloom, influences the performance of the finished product.
(2) hot-rolled sheet normalizing method is one of effective ways that prevent the corrugated defective, but facility investment is big, complex procedures, and production cost obviously increases.
(3) hot-rolled sheet high temperature batches the self-annealing method, hot-rolled sheet high temperature batches the Heating temperature of self-annealing need improve hot rolling the time, the easy like this continuously cast bloom waist that collapses that causes, can cause the solid solution once more of sulfide in the steel, nitride in addition, being the disperse shape in course of hot rolling subsequently separates out, hinder the finished products grain growth, magnetic property is worsened.High temperature batches back hot-rolled sheet iron scale densification, causes the pickling difficulty.
(4) course of hot rolling adopts high-frequency induction heating apparatus (spy opens flat 2000-63949), and to the heating of steel plate limit rolled edge, what promote the course of hot rolling recrystallize eliminates the corrugated defective.This method is had relatively high expectations to device control, and the actual production operation easier is big, the also corresponding increase of manufacturing cost.
(5) production method of Baosteel cold rolling non-oriented electrical steel technical patent number 200310108197.2 cold rolling non-oriented electrical steels.This technology mainly realizes not having the production of corrugated defective non-oriented electrical steel by device, method, its weak point is having relatively high expectations to production unit, be only applicable to that slab thickness is less, the short-flow production line of continuous casting and the configuration of tandem rolling compact, be difficult to prove effective for traditional continuous casting and hot rolling production model, the technology versatility is relatively poor.In addition, this technology can not be exempted cold rolling preceding hot rolling band annealing or secondary cold-rolling technology fully, thereby the production efficiency of greatly reducing has increased manufacturing cost.The non-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet and the manufacture method thereof of the patent No. 03116890.6 no corrugated defective, though this method can save hot-rolled sheet normalizing operation, but have following deficiency: 1) C content is higher in the steel, later on need carry out carbonization treatment during finished products, this has not only reduced the operational efficiency of unit, and easily produce internal oxidation layer and interior nitride layer in the annealing process, magnetic property is worsened; 2) the hot-rolled process hot rolled coil needs to batch at high temperature more than 700 ℃, causes the densification of hot rolled coil scale on surface, the burden when having increased pickling; 3) higher to the controlling of production process accuracy requirement, influence rhythm of production and efficient.Application number 200510027313.7 non-oriented electrical steels and manufacture method thereof, this method weak point is identical substantially with the patent No. 03116890.6, and only is applicable to the production of the cold rolling non-oriented electrical steel of Si content lower (＜1.30%).
Summary of the invention
For overcome existing in the above-mentioned deficiency of high grade cold rolling non-oriented silicon steel manufacture method, the invention provides few Si＞1.6% of a kind of surperficial corrugated defective in high grade cold rolling non-oriented silicon steel and manufacture method thereof, with high grade cold rolling non-oriented silicon steel in present method manufacturing, technology difficulty is little, production cost is low, and highly＞2 the corrugated defective incidence of μ m is less than 1%.
Key problem in technology of the present invention is the C content that as far as possible reduces in the steel, with Mn as main phase transformation generation element, by Si, Al, the main alloying constituent of Mn in the steel are carried out rational proportion and are aided with suitable hot rolling production technique, impel in the course of hot rolling and undergo phase transition, utilize phase transition process to promote the generation of course of hot rolling dynamic recovery and recrystallize, increase the ratio (being not less than 80%) of recrystallize in the hot-rolled sheet, thereby reach the effect of thorough elimination finished surface corrugated defective.
Component (weight percent) of high grade non-oriented silicon steel is in this:
C:0.0015%～0.005% Si:1.60%～3.30% Mn:0.50%～2.50%P≤0.050% S:0.0010%～0.0050% Al:0.15%～0.50%N:0.0010%～0.0050% can add a small amount of Sn, Sb, Cu, its total amount＜0.20%
Surplus is Fe and inevitably is mingled with.
And Mn%=k * | Si+2Al-2.05|%+0.28%
Wherein: k=1.0～3.0
These method and technology main points:
(1) chemical composition design
C, Si, Al, Mn are the most significant factor of phase transformation that influences in the silicon steel, by these elements are carried out rational proportion, can guarantee the generation of phase transformation in the steel.
C:0.0015%～0.005%, increase the carbon content in the steel, though can promote the generation of phase transition process, but increasing, carbon content can hinder the finished product grain growth strongly, cause that iron loss increases and magnetic aging, and bring difficulty for back operation decarburization, the advantages outweigh the disadvantages to add the C effect, so carbon content is low more good more in the steel, preferable range is controlled at below 0.003%.
Si:1.60～3.30%, silicon for obtaining good electromagnetic performance, requires Si content more than 1.60% for the effective element of the resistivity that improves iron, and Si＜3.30% can obtain good cold-forming property.
Al:0.15～0.50%, the effect and the silicon of aluminium are close, improve resistivity, dwindle γ phase region promotion grain coarsening, reduce iron loss.Al content was less than 0.15% o'clock product electromagnetic performance instability, and it is difficult greater than 0.50% o'clock smelting to be poured into a mould, and manufacturing cost obviously increases.
Mn:0.50～2.50%, manganese according to Si, Al content in the steel, is rationally regulated the ratio of Mn in the steel for enlarging the element of γ phase region, makes Mn content satisfy formula (1), can guarantee the generation of phase transition process.
Mn％＝k×|Si+2Al-2.05|％+0.28％ (1)
Wherein: the size of k=1.0～3.0 k is selected according to (Si+2Al) %.
P:＜0.050%, in steel, add the processing characteristics that certain P can improve steel plate, but unfavorable above 0.050% o'clock to magnetic property.
S:0.0010%～0.0050%, sulphur are uneven distribution in steel, harmful to hot workability and magnetic property, require to be controlled at below 0.005%, and S content is lower than at 0.0010% o'clock and further takes off the S very difficulty that becomes, and cost obviously increases.
N:0.0010%～0.0050%, nitrogen is harmful element, very easily form AlN small and dispersed nitride in the finished products process, hinder the finished product recrystal grain deterioration magnetic of growing up, the nitrogen height also can cause magnetic aging, requirement is controlled at below 0.005%, and N content is lower than 0.0010% can increase the control difficulty, and manufacturing cost obviously increases.
Can add a spot of Sn, Sb, Cu,, improve magnetic strength, but total content should not surpass 0.20%, otherwise the meeting crystal grain thinning worsens magnetic property to improve the texture of production board.
(2) hot rolling technology control
The present invention is to production technique, Equipment Requirement is not high, use traditional continuous casting and hot rolling mode of production to produce the producer of cold rolling non-orientation silicon steel for the overwhelming majority, do not need to carry out scrap build, utilize the existing weaponry and equipment condition, adopt conventional hot rolling production technique both can realize, slab heating temperature is at 1050～1200 ℃, slab thickness 35～50mm after the roughing, roughing need not to depress greatly rolling, rolling pass is looked mill capacity between 3～5 passages, percentage pass reduction is 20～40%, the finish rolling finishing temperature is at 800～900 ℃, coiling temperature is at 600～680 ℃, do not need to carry out high-temperature final rolling and high temperature batches (more than 700 ℃), can guarantee that the recrystallized structure ratio reaches more than 80% in the hot-rolled sheet.
(3) cold rolling and annealing process
Hot-rolled sheet thickness 2.0～3.0mm need not carry out normalizing thermal treatment before cold rolling, is cold rolled to 0.5mm with once-through method after pickling, adopts the dry gas atmosphere during finished product continuous annealing, need not carry out the humidification carbonization treatment.
High grade cold rolling non-oriented silicon steel manufacture method comprises following sequential steps in this:
The I smelting molten steel
Smelt the molten steel of following compositions (weight percent) through hot metal pretreatment, converter smelting and RH vacuum-treat:
C：0.0015％～0.005％?Si：1.60％～3.30％?Mn：0.50％～2.50％
P≤0.050％?S：0.0010％～0.0050％?Al：0.15％～0.50％
N:0.0010%～0.0050% can add a small amount of Sn, Sb, Cu, and its total amount＜0.20% surplus is Fe and inevitably is mingled with.
Wherein, Mn content satisfy k * | Si+2Al-2.05|%+0.28%
The II sheet billet continuous casting
Becoming thickness with the casting speed continuous casting of 0.6～1.0m/min is the strand of 200mm～230mm;
III hot rolling, pickling
Slab heating temperature is 1050～1200 ℃, slab thickness 35～50mm after the roughing, and it is 3～5 passages that rolling pass is looked mill capacity, and every time draft is 20～40%, and the finish rolling finishing temperature is at 800～900 ℃, and coiling temperature is at 600～680 ℃, pickling afterwards;
IV is cold rolling
Be cold rolled to once-through method after the pickling and roll finished product thickness, be generally 0.5mm.
V annealing
Because C content is less than 0.005%, annealing is at dried (dew point is lower than 0 ℃) 20%H
2+ 80%N
2Carry out in the protective atmosphere, need not carry out the humidification carbonization treatment, steel belt operating speed is fast, and is not easy to produce interior oxidation, has improved magnetic property.
High grade cold rolling non-oriented silicon steel manufacture method also can be with the strand of following compositions (weight percent) in this:
C：0.0015％～0.005％?Si：1.60％～3.30％?Mn：0.50～2.50％?P≤0.050％
S：0.0010％～0.0050％?Al：0.1?5％～0.50％?N：0.0010％～0.0050％
Can add a small amount of Sn, SbCu, its total amount＜0.20%
Surplus is Fe and inevitably is mingled with
Wherein, Mn content satisfy k * | Si+2Al-2.05|%+0.28%:
From above-mentioned hot rolling, pickling, cold rolling then, annealing is made.
High grade cold rolling non-oriented silicon steel and manufacture method thereof have following advantage in of the present invention:
1. the present invention is applicable to the production of Si content at the middle high grade non-oriented silicon steel more than 1.6%, and the product electromagnetic performance is good, the no corrugated defective in surface.
2. the production method of high grade cold rolling non-oriented silicon steel is simple in of the present invention, less demanding to equipment and process aspect, tradition continuous casting and hot rolling production model can realize that can be widely used in the cold rolling non-orientation silicon steel manufacturer of different equipments, the technology versatility is stronger.
3. characteristics of the present invention are main alloy element content in the rational allocation steel, utilize the character-phase transformation of steel grade itself to reach the purpose of eliminating surperficial corrugated defective, overcome the deficiency of conventional art, manufacturing approach craft of the present invention is simple, production efficiency is high, low cost of manufacture.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 Comparative Examples hot-rolled sheet metallographic structure situation.
Fig. 2 embodiment one hot-rolled sheet metallographic structure situation.
Fig. 3 is a Comparative Examples finished surface quality condition.
Fig. 4 is the embodiment of the invention one a surface quality situation.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail, but the specific embodiment of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment one
Converter, the RH vacuum-treat obtains C:0.0028%, Si:1.65%, Mn:0.95%, Al:0.28%, P:0.015%, S:0.0035%, N:0.0035%, all the other are the molten steel of Fe, and becoming thickness with the casting speed continuous casting of 0.9m/min is the strand of 200mm, and strand is rolling through 1120 ℃ of soaking, roughing adopts 5 passages rolling, through 20% → 25% → 28% → 32% → 27% draft/passage, the finish rolling finishing temperature is 820 ℃, 620 ℃ of coiling temperatures, hot-rolled sheet thickness 2.0mm, be cold rolled to finished product thickness 0.5mm with once-through method after the pickling, cold-rolled steel strip carries out finished product recrystallization annealing annealing atmosphere and adopts the dry gas atmosphere, need not carry out the humidification carbonization treatment.Do not have to occur the corrugated defective of＞2 μ m height in the finished product steel plate, magnetic is P
15/50=3.46W/kg, B
50=1.703T.
Present embodiment make in the composition (weight percent) of high grade cold rolling non-oriented silicon steel be: C:0.0028%, Si:1.65%, Mn:0.95%, Al:0.28%, P:0.015%, S:0.0035%, N:0.0035%, all the other are the molten steel of Fe.
Embodiment two
Converter, the RH vacuum-treat obtains C:0.003%, Si:1.75%, Mn:1.20%, Al:0.38%, P:0.013%, S:0.0032%, N:0.0030%, all the other are the molten steel of Fe, becoming thickness with the casting speed continuous casting of 0.85m/min is the strand of 210mm, strand is rolling through 1130 ℃ of soaking, roughing adopts 5 passages rolling, and through 23% → 25% → 28% → 32% → 27% draft/passage, the finish rolling finishing temperature is 840 ℃, 630 ℃ of coiling temperatures, hot-rolled sheet thickness 2.4mm is cold rolled to finished product thickness 0.5mm with once-through method after the pickling, and cold-rolled steel strip carries out finished product recrystallization annealing, annealing atmosphere adopts the dry gas atmosphere, need not carry out the humidification carbonization treatment.Do not have to occur the corrugated defective of＞2 μ m height in the production board, magnetic is P15/50=3.24W/kg, B50=1.689T.
Present embodiment make in the composition (weight percent) of high grade cold rolling non-oriented silicon steel be: C:0.003%, Si:1.75%, Mn:1.20%, Al:0.38%, P:0.013%, S:0.0032, N:0.0030%, all the other are the molten steel of Fe.
Embodiment three
Converter, the RH vacuum-treat obtains C:0.003%, Si:1.75%, Mn:1.20%, Al:0.38%, P:0.013%, S:0.0032%, N:0.0030%, Sn:0.05%, Sb:0.08%, Cu:0.02%, all the other are the molten steel of Fe, becoming thickness with the casting speed continuous casting of 0.85m/min is the strand of 210mm, and strand is rolling through 1130 ℃ of soaking, and roughing adopts 5 passages rolling, through 23%, 25%, 28%, 32%, 27% draft/passage, the finish rolling finishing temperature is 843 ℃, 635 ℃ of coiling temperatures, hot-rolled sheet thickness 2.4mm, be cold rolled to finished product thickness 0.5mm with once-through method after the pickling, cold-rolled steel strip carries out finished product recrystallization annealing, and annealing atmosphere adopts the dry gas atmosphere, need not carry out the humidification carbonization treatment.Do not have to occur the corrugated defective of＞2 μ m height in the production board, magnetic is P15/50=3.26W/kg, B50=1.698T.
Present embodiment make in the composition (weight percent) of high grade cold rolling non-oriented silicon steel be: C:0.003%, Si:1.75%, Mn:1.20%, Al:0.38%, P:0.013%, S:0.0032, N:0.0030%, Sn:0.05%, Sb:0.08%, Cu:0.02%, all the other are the molten steel of Fe.
Embodiment four
Converter, the RH vacuum-treat obtains C:0.0030%, Si:2.25%, Mn:1.52%, Al:0.33%, P:0.010%, S:0.0025%, N:0.0026%, all the other are the molten steel of Fe, becoming thickness with the casting speed continuous casting of 0.75m/min is the strand of 230mm, strand is rolling through 1180 ℃ of soaking, roughing adopts 5 passages rolling, and through 28% → 32% → 35% → 38% → 32% draft/passage, the finish rolling finishing temperature is 880 ℃, 680 ℃ of coiling temperatures, hot-rolled sheet thickness 3.0mm is cold rolled to finished product thickness 0.5mm with once-through method after the pickling, and cold-rolled steel strip carries out finished product recrystallization annealing, annealing atmosphere adopts the dry gas atmosphere, need not carry out the humidification carbonization treatment.The ratio that occurs the corrugated defective of＞2 μ m height in the production board is 0.31%, and magnetic is P15/50=2.82W/kg, B50=1.673T.
Present embodiment make in the composition (weight percent) of high grade cold rolling non-oriented silicon steel be:
C:0.0030%, Si:2.25%, Mn:1.52%, Al:0.33%, P:0.010%, S:0.0025%, N:0.0026%, all the other are the molten steel of Fe.
Four above-mentioned embodiment also can be successively from hot rolling, pickling, and cold rolling then, annealing is made.
Comparative Examples:
Converter, the RH vacuum-treat obtains C:0.0032%, Si:1.95%, Mn:0.26%, Al:0.32%, P:0.017%, S:0.0033, N:0.0030%, all the other are the molten steel of Fe, becoming thickness with the casting speed continuous casting of 0.8m/min is the strand of 230mm, strand is rolling through 1180 ℃ of soaking, roughing adopts 5 passages rolling, and through 28% → 32% → 35% → 38% → 32% draft/passage, the finish rolling finishing temperature is 878 ℃, 682 ℃ of coiling temperatures, hot-rolled sheet thickness 3.0mm is cold rolled to finished product thickness 0.5mm with once-through method after the pickling, and cold-rolled steel strip carries out finished product recrystallization annealing, annealing atmosphere adopts the dry gas atmosphere, need not carry out the humidification carbonization treatment.The ratio that occurs the corrugated defective of＞2 μ m height in the production board is 70%, and magnetic is P15/50=3.40W/kg, B50=1.695T.
As can be seen from Figure 1, in Comparative Examples (no phase transformation) hot-rolled sheet only there be about 60% recrystallized structure, and finished surface corrugated defective is (Fig. 2) very obviously, and defective proportion is up to 70%.By adjusting main alloy element proportioning in the steel, impel in the course of hot rolling to undergo phase transition (embodiment one), the ratio of recrystallized structure obviously increases in the hot-rolled sheet, has reached more than 80%, thoroughly eliminated finished surface corrugated defective, highly＞2 the corrugated defective incidence of μ m is zero.Can find out that from the contrast of Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 steel plate face visual appearance of the present invention is obviously good than Comparative Examples.
Claims (3)
1. high grade cold rolling non-oriented silicon steel in a kind, its component is (weight percent):
C：0.0015％～0.005％ Si：1.60％～3.30％ Mn：0.50～2.50％
P≤0.050％ S：0.0010％～0.0050％ Al：0.15％～0.50％
N:0.0010%～0.0050% can add a small amount of Sn, Sb, Cu, its total amount＜0.20%
Surplus is Fe and inevitably is mingled with
And Mn%=k * | Si+2Al-2.05|%+0.28% wherein: k=1.0～3.0.
2. the manufacture method of high grade cold rolling non-oriented silicon steel in a kind, it is the strand of following compositions (weight percent):
C：0.0015％～0.005％ Si：1.60％～3.30％ Mn：0.50～2.50％ P≤0.050％
S：0.0010％～0.0050％ Al：0.15％～0.50％ N：0.0010％～0.0050％
Can add a small amount of Sn, Sb, Cu, its total amount＜0.20%
Surplus is Fe and inevitably is mingled with
Wherein, Mn content satisfy k * | Si+2Al-2.05|%+0.28%:
Successively from hot rolling, pickling, cold rolling then, annealing is made, slab heating temperature is 1050～1200 ℃ during hot rolling, slab thickness 35～50mm after the roughing, rolling pass is 3～5 passages, every time draft is 20～40%, and the finish rolling finishing temperature is at 800～900 ℃, and coiling temperature is at 600～680 ℃.
3. the manufacture method of high grade cold rolling non-oriented silicon steel in according to claim 2 is characterized in that: hot-rolled sheet need not carry out normalizing to be handled, and annealing is to be lower than 0 ℃ 20%H at the dew point of doing
2+ 80%N
2Protective atmosphere in carry out.
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