CN101125528A - Speed changing driving device for special four-wheel offroad vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a shift driving device for a special four-wheel off-road vehicle, comprising a back drive axle provided with a power input shaft and a front drive axle driven by an output shaft therein; wherein, the back drive axle is internally assembled with a planetary reducing mechanism, a shifting mechanism, a main driver and a differential; a ring gear base assembled with a planetary big ring gear is fixed on the casing of the back drive axle; a sun gear realizes the connection with the input shaft through a spline, and a planetary gear assembled on the planetary frame is respectively meshed with the sun gear and the planetary gear; the fork of the shifting mechanism is driven by the inner rocker and moves axially so as to lead a combination sleeve to connect the input shaft with the two shafts by the spline or connect the two shafts with the planetary frame by the spline. Apart from having a reasonable structure design, meanwhile satisfying the trafficability of the four-wheel off-road vehicle, the present invention realizes that the vehicle can run at a walking speed as necessary; compared with the same reducing device, the driving mechanism of the present invention has simple operation, which can drive the power after shifting to the front drive axle, thus providing easier assembly and maintenance, and being good for reducing the cost.

Description

The speed-changing driving device of special four-wheel overland vehicle

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of 4 wheel driven cross-country car actuating device, particularly a kind of speed-changing driving device that the special four-wheel overland vehicle of gearshift and planetary gear speed reducing mechanism etc. is set.

Background technology

Traditional four-wheel cross-country car is assembled the hub reduction device usually in order to improve crossing ability; For switching and the transmission that realizes the power forward driving apparatus, assemble power divider device usually; The actuating device that also has adopts four main gear devices, two open differential structures (is CN1785705A " the power driven driving system of High Performance four-wheel overland vehicle " as publication number), can between the diagonal angle wheel, implement differentia transmission, and each main gear device is only to a wheel transmission.More than these devices all have a structural arrangement complexity, problems such as manufacturing cost height, assembling maintenance difficult.In addition, they all can't satisfy the requirement that vehicle travels with walking speed when needed.

Summary of the invention

The speed-changing driving device that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of special four-wheel overland vehicle, it has overcome shortcomings such as the complex structure that exists in the prior art, assembling maintenance difficult effectively, its reasonable in design, in the crossing ability that satisfies the 4 wheel driven cross-country car, realize when need, satisfying the special speed change request that vehicle can travel with walking speed, export bigger moment of torsion to drive wheel; Compare with similar speed reduction gearing, its transmission device is simple to operate, power can be driven forwards the bridge transmission through commutation after the speedup, makes it assembling, maintenance is more prone to, is beneficial to cost-cutting.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this: this device comprises the rear driving axle that has power input shaft and exports driven off by shaft front driving axle through it, its technical essential is: be assembled with planetary gear speed reducing mechanism, gearshift, main gear device and diff in described rear driving axle housing and the end cap, the gear ring base that is assembled with the planet bull gear of planetary gear speed reducing mechanism is fixed on the housing of rear driving axle, sun wheel connects with input shaft by spline, and the satellite gear that is assembled on the pinion carrier is meshed with sun wheel and planet bull gear respectively; The cap assembly of described gearshift and declutch shift shaft are fixed on the rear driving axle housing, the upper and lower end that is assembled in the shift fork on the declutch shift shaft connects with inner rocker arm and combined cover respectively, shift fork moves along its axis under the drive of inner rocker arm, combined cover is linked input shaft and two by spline or by spline two is linked with pinion carrier; The driver pinion of main gear device is fixed on two, reaches the bevel gear wheel that is meshed with commutation speedup bevel pinion with the passive big gear wheel of driver pinion ingear and is fixed on the differential casing; Differential cluster is contained on the drive axle housing; Commutation speedup bevel pinion is assembled on the bevel pinion axle bed, and the bevel pinion axle bed is fixed on the drive axle housing.

Owing to be assembled with planetary gear speed reducing mechanism in the rear driving axle of the present invention, gearshift, main gear device and diff, the combined cover of gearshift can link input shaft and two by spline, this moment, power was directly passed to two by combined cover, the combined cover of gearshift also can link with pinion carrier two by spline, be connected with pinion carrier when this moment, combined cover was thrown off with being connected of input shaft, make power give two through planetary mechanism, so its reasonable in design, compare with similar speed reduction gearing, its transmission device is simple to operate, it has overcome the complex structure that exists in the prior art effectively, shortcomings such as assembling maintenance difficult, in the crossing ability that satisfies the 4 wheel driven cross-country car, realize when needing, satisfying the special speed change request that vehicle can travel with walking speed, to the bigger moment of torsion of drive wheel output, commutation speedup bevel pinion can drive forwards the bridge transmission with power after the commutation speedup, make it assembling, maintenance is more prone to, be beneficial to cost-cutting.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further described.

Fig. 1 is a kind of concrete structure scheme drawing of rear driving axle of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a kind of structural representation of the gearshift cap assembly among Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the cutaway view of Fig. 2 along the B-B line.

Fig. 4 is that the A of Fig. 2 is to view.

Fig. 5 is a kind of transmission principle figure of the present invention.

Sequence number explanation among the figure: 1 drive axle housing, 2 planet canine tooth ring supports, 3 planet bull gears, 4 input shaft flanges, 5 input shafts, 6 sun wheels, 7 pinion carriers, 8 satellite gears, 9 shift forks, 10 declutch shift shafts, 11 driver pinions, 12 combined covers, 13 2,14 differential casings, 15 drive flange, 16 drive axle end caps, 17 passive big gear wheels, 18 bevel gear wheels, 19 bevel pinion axle beds, 20 small coning gear shafts, 21 output shaft flanges, 22 gear shift outer rocker arms, 23 gear shift top covers, 24 rotating shafts, 25 gear shift inner rocker arms, 26 steel balls, 27 gear shift springs, 28 positioning grooves, 29 prongs, 30 side transmission gearboxs, 31 transmission shafts, 32 transmission shafts, 33 transmission shafts, 34 transmission shafts, the front driving axle of 35 charged sub-couplers, 36 gear shift backguys, 37 driving engines.

The specific embodiment

Describe concrete structure of the present invention in detail according to Fig. 1-5.The speed-changing driving device of this special four-wheel overland vehicle comprises the rear driving axle that has power input shaft 5 and through the front driving axle 35 of the charged sub-coupler of its output shaft-small coning gear shaft 20 and transmission shaft 34 transmissions.Wherein the supporting mass of rear driving axle is made of housing 1 and end cap 16.In housing 1 and end cap 16, be assembled with planetary gear speed reducing mechanism, gearshift, main gear device and diff.Input shaft flange 4 is assembled on input shaft 5 male spliness by jam nut; Input shaft 5 is contained in by bearing set on the housing 1 of rear driving axle, and input shaft 5 and two 13 fit together by needle bearing.

Planetary gear speed reducing mechanism comprises: parts such as planet canine tooth ring support 2, planet bull gear 3, sun wheel 6, pinion carrier 7, satellite gear 8.Wherein planet bull gear 3 is assembled in the planet canine tooth ring support 2, and planet canine tooth ring support 2 is fixed by bolts on the housing 1 of rear driving axle.Planet canine tooth ring support 2 also can with housing 1 cast solid of rear driving axle, planet bull gear 3 just can directly be assembled on the drive axle housing 1 like this.Sun wheel 6 connects with input shaft 5 by spline.Satellite gear 8 is assembled on the pinion carrier 7, and satellite gear 8 is meshed with sun wheel 6, planet bull gear 3 respectively, and drives pinion carrier 7 revolution in rotation.

Gearshift comprises: the cap assembly and the backguy 32 thereof that are made of outer rocker arm 22, top cover 23, rotating shaft 24, the inner rocker arm 25 that has positioning groove 28 and prong 29, steel ball 26, spring 27, be assembled in the shift fork 9 on the declutch shift shaft 10, be assembled in two 13 combined cover 12 parts such as grade on the male splines.Wherein inner rocker arm 25 is fixed in the rotating shaft 24, rotating shaft 24 is assembled in the top cover 23, outer rocker arm 22 is fixed in the rotating shaft 24, spring 27 and steel ball 26 are assembled in the top cover 23, steel ball 26 is on the positioning groove 28 that leans under the elastic force effect of spring 27 at inner rocker arm 25, and inner rocker arm 25 inner end surfaces lean the lower surface at gear shift top cover 23.Cap assembly utilizes top cover 23 by being bolted on the drive axle housing 1.Declutch shift shaft 10 is fixed on the housing 1 of rear driving axle, and combined cover 12 outer rings are assembled in shift fork 9 prongs.The upper end of shift fork 9 is assembled in gear shift inner rocker arm 25 prongs 29, and the lower end of shift fork 9 and combined cover 12 connect.Shift fork 9 moves along its axis under the drive of inner rocker arm 25, and combined cover 12 is endwisely slipped on two 13 male spliness.When combined cover 12 links input shaft 5 and two 13 by spline (as shown in Figure 1), power is directly passed to two 13 by combined cover 12 by input shaft 5, pinion carrier 7 idle running this moment.When shift fork 9 moves along its axis under the drive of inner rocker arm 25, combined cover 12 and input shaft 5 male spliness are thrown off fully, when by spline two 13 being connected with pinion carrier 7 female spliness, power is passed to two 13 by sun wheel 6, satellite gear 8 and pinion carrier 7, thereby realizing slowing down to increase turns round.

The main gear device comprises: be assembled in two 13 driver pinions 11 on the male splines, with driver pinion 11 ingears by being bolted to the passive big gear wheel 17 on the differential gear box 14, by being bolted to the bevel gear wheel 18 on the differential gear box 14, by the bevel pinion axle bed 19 on the housing 1 that is bolted to rear driving axle, be contained in small coning gear shaft 20 on the bevel pinion axle bed by bearing set, be assembled in output shaft flange 21 parts such as grade on small coning gear shaft 20 male spliness by jam nut.

Diff can adopt mechanical locking differential, make vehicle under common motoring condition, can keep differential action freely, when about two drive wheels can automatic compensation when excessive slip occurring, and locking fully, thus 50% of power can be passed to non-slip wheel.Wherein differential casing 14 is contained on the housing 1 and end cap 16 of rear driving axle by bearing set.Drive two semiaxis ends that flange 15 (about each) is assembled in diff respectively.

Working process of the present invention is as follows:

By driving engine 37 produce power, through side transmission gearbox 30 transmission shafts 31, by 4 inputs of input shaft flange, reach through input shaft 5, combined cover 12, two spools 13, driver pinion 11, passive big gear wheel 17, diff then and drive flange 15 (about each), and pass to the left and right driving wheel respectively by transmission shaft 32 and transmission shaft 33.Simultaneously power is after bevel gear wheel 18, small coning gear shaft 20 commutation speedups, by passing to the front driving axle 35 of charged sub-coupler with the transmission shaft 34 that output flange 21 connects mutually, and passes to left and right front driving wheel respectively by transmission shaft.

When vehicle need travel with walking speed, and when needing further to increase output torque, backguy 32 pulling outer rocker arms 22 by gearshift are that a fixing angle " α ° " is rotated in the axle center with rotating shaft 24, this moment, inner rocker arm 25 rotated with outer rocker arm 22 shaft couplings, inner rocker arm 25 promotes shift fork 9 simultaneously and moves axially on declutch shift shaft 10, shift fork 9 promotes combined cover 12 again and moves on two 13 male spliness, make combined cover 12 just and input shaft 5 male spliness throw off fully, connect fully with pinion carrier 7 female spliness simultaneously, this moment, power was by input shaft 5, sun wheel 6, satellite gear 8 and pinion carrier 7 are passed to two 13, because of the speed ratio of epicyclic transmission mechanism greater than 1, thereby realizing further slowing down to increase turns round.

Claims (1)

1. the speed-changing driving device of a special four-wheel overland vehicle, it comprises the rear driving axle that has power input shaft and exports driven off by shaft front driving axle through it, it is characterized in that: be assembled with planetary gear speed reducing mechanism, gearshift, main gear device and diff in described rear driving axle housing and the end cap, the gear ring base that is assembled with the planet bull gear of described planetary gear speed reducing mechanism is fixed on the housing of rear driving axle, sun wheel connects with input shaft by spline, and the satellite gear that is assembled on the pinion carrier is meshed with sun wheel and planet bull gear respectively; The cap assembly of described gearshift and declutch shift shaft are fixed on the rear driving axle housing, the upper and lower end that is assembled in the shift fork on the declutch shift shaft connects with inner rocker arm and combined cover respectively, shift fork moves along its axis under the drive of inner rocker arm, combined cover is linked input shaft and two by spline or by spline two is linked with pinion carrier; The driver pinion of described main gear device is fixed on two, reaches the bevel gear wheel that is meshed with commutation speedup bevel pinion with the passive big gear wheel of driver pinion ingear and is fixed on the described differential casing; Differential casing is assembled on the drive axle housing; Commutation speedup bevel pinion is assembled on the bevel pinion axle bed, and the bevel pinion axle bed is fixed on the drive axle housing.

Images