CN101047840A - Channel interleaving method and system in hand TV system - Google Patents
Channel interleaving method and system in hand TV system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
This invention provides a channel interlacing method and a system in a handheld TV system, in which, the method includes: A, carrying out LDPC coding to input signal source bit streams to output LDPC coding blocks, B, carrying out bit interlacing among the blocks of LDPC, C, carrying out constellation mapping to the interlaced bits to generate constellation points, D, interlacing and mapping the points onto a time frequency plane of a multi-frame including multiple data frames to get an even better time diversity result , at the same time, bit information in a LDPC coding block can be scattered to irrelated data subcarriers by interlacing among LDPC coding blocks and interlaced mapping of constellation and different modulation steps can be processed together.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the hand held television field, relate in particular to channel interleaving method and system in the hand TV system.
Background technology
Hand held television is by watching television programs by mobile terminal, promptly realizes the service of Streaming Media and other data by the mobile network, can greatly enrich daily life and exchange of information.Portable terminal comprises various handheld terminals such as mobile unit, notebook computer etc.
At present, the network system of realization hand held television business mainly contains following three kinds:
(1) based on traditional mobile communications network, as code division multiple access (Code Division Multiple Access, CDMA), Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution (Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution, EDGE), GPRS (General Packet Radio Service, unicast system such as GPRS);
(2) based on the clean culture or the broadcast system of satellite system, as DMB (Satellite-Digital Multimedia Broadcasting, S-DMB) etc.;
(3) based on mobile broadcast system, as hand-held digital video broadcast (Digital VideoBroadcasting-Handheld, DVB-H), Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-terrestrial transmission (IntegratedServices Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial, ISDB-T) etc.
Advantage based on the hand TV system of traditional mobile communications network is and the existing system compatibility, does not need more exchange device, can commence business soon etc.But because the professional required data bandwidth of hand held television is very big, and the frequency spectrum resource of existing 2G～3G system is quite limited, and therefore existing mobile system can not be supported too many concurrent hand held television business, otherwise can cause network congestion or paralysis.
Advantage based on the hand TV system of satellite clean culture or broadcasting is only to need several satellites just can cover all zones, if broadcast on a large scale, total cost is lower accordingly.But it is arranged net the cycle longer, its indoor coverage rate is also not enough.
Hand TV system based on mobile broadcast network system can make different user watch identical program simultaneously on same channel.Compare with point-to-point scheme, saved the transmission quantity of data greatly, make extensively carrying out of hand held television business become possibility.Relevant test and commercial mobile broadcast network system have DVB-H, MediaFlow etc.
As shown in Figure 1, in hand TV system, need to adopt time slicing techniques to realize the transmission of data flow, the data centralization that is about to same program arrives together, taking whole bandwidth in a short period of time sends with the form of burst, other times Duan Ze transfers to other programs and does the burst transmission, receiving terminal only needs periodically to start and receive corresponding burst data in a very short burst time period like this, in the other times section, then keep closing, thereby reach the effect of economize on electricity, prolong time of reception.
At present, China has put into effect national terrestrial DTV draft standard, and in order to guarantee the compatibility of system, the frame structure of hand TV system should be consistent with the frame structure in the national terrestrial DTV draft standard.Frame structure in the existing national terrestrial DTV scheme is divided into a day frame, branch frame, second frame, superframe and Frame, and day frame, branch frame, second frame and natural time are synchronous.As shown in Figure 2, contain 8 superframes in each second frame, i.e. the long 125ms of each superframe continuity.Comprise 225 Frames in each superframe; Frame is by protection interval and OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexity; OFDM) symbol is formed, protection at interval can for Cyclic Prefix (Cyclic Prefix, CP) or various random sequence.
Because transmission bandwidth is fixed as 7.56MHz, the length of OFDM symbol is fixed as 3780 points, and in order to hold the integer number of data frame in each superframe, the length value of synchronizing signal is restricted.When for example the length of synchronizing signal is 420 bits, 225 Frames be can hold in each superframe just, the first frame (constituting) of 1 superframe and 224 programme information frames are divided into by 1 Frame.
Frame structure in the above-mentioned national terrestrial DTV draft standard can't carry out the time slicing transmission, is not suitable for hand TV system.At first, the capacity of the first frame of superframe is too little, only accounts for an OFDM symbol, can not carry too many public information, and portable terminal needs constantly superframe first frame in location to obtain program-related information.Secondly, (Physical Control Subcarrier, PCS) signaling control number of subcarriers has only 35 to the physics control subcarrier in the individual data frame very little, can't carry the needed indication information of time slicing.
In order to keep compatible with national terrestrial DTV standard, satisfy the time slicing transmission requirement of hand TV system simultaneously, need on the basis of the frame structure that has national terrestrial DTV now, adjust the data frame structure of hand TV system, between the inner OFDM symbol of time slicing, make sub-carrier interleaving simultaneously, to obtain better time-interleaved effect, effectively reduce the error rate of data.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the channel interleaving method in a kind of hand TV system, be intended to solve the problem that on existing national terrestrial DTV frame structure basis, is not suitable for moving transmission, with the time slicing transmission that provides framing structure to realize the hand held television business by structure at the legacy data frame, and based on framing structure realize that LDPC encoding block interblock interweaves and constellation point interweaves mapping, the error rate of reduction system.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the system of the channel interleaving in a kind of hand TV system.
The present invention is achieved in that the channel interleaving method in a kind of hand TV system, and described method comprises the steps:
A. the source bits stream to input carries out the LDPC coding, output LDPC encoding block;
B. described LDPC encoding block is carried out the interblock Bit Interleave;
C. the bit behind the interblock Bit Interleave is carried out constellation mapping, generate constellation point;
D. described constellation point being interweaved is mapped on the time-frequency plane of framing, and described framing comprises a plurality of Frames.
Described step B comprises the steps:
B1. according to the number of the high and low priority bit in order of modulation and the constellation point with the LDPC encoding block be divided into a described constellation point in the corresponding high and low priority multiple signals of number of high and low priority bit;
B2. take out a bit in each the road signal from described high and low priority multiple signals, constitute the bit group;
B3. the bit in the described bit group is carried out left-hand or dextrad cyclic shift.
Described step D comprises the steps:
D11. the OFDM of each from framing symbol is chosen nStarNumPerSym the data subcarrier that is used to shine upon p+q the pairing constellation point of LDPC encoding block of x group, obtain nStarNumPerSym*nGrpFrmSize, be total to nLDPCSize data subcarrier, wherein, the call number nIndex[c of c the data subcarrier of choosing in s OFDM symbol] [s] for mod (nF*c+s*nT+x+nRand, nCrrNum);
D12. selected nLDPCSize data subcarrier renumberd, c the data subcarrier number of choosing in s OFDM symbol is s*nStarNumPerSym+c constellation subcarrier;
D13. one group of nLDPCSize constellation point is mapped on the described constellation subcarrier successively;
Wherein, s=0～(nGrpFrmSize-1), c=0～(nStarNumPerSym-1), x=0～X-1, mod is a modulo operation, p, high in the corresponding respectively constellation point of q, the bit number of low priority, nStarNumPerSym is the number of constellation points that x group constellation point distributes in an OFDM symbol, value is nLDPCSize/nGrpFrmSize, nGrpFrmSize is the size of framing, nCrrNum is a data subcarrier number in the OFDM symbol, and nF is the distance that is used in the same OFDM symbol to shine upon between the adjacent data subcarrier of same group of constellation point, and value is nCrrNum/nCrrNumPerSym, the nT value is 1 or prime number, nRand is a randomization factor, and nLDPCSize is counting of LDPC encoding block, and X is the LDPC encoding block number in one road LDPC encoding block.
Described step D comprises the steps:
D21. nCrrNum data subcarrier with an OFDM symbol is numbered from 0 to (nCrrNum-1);
D22. the data subcarrier after will numbering is grouped into nGrpFrmSize physical cluster, contain nCrrNumPerCluster data subcarrier in each physical cluster, the data subcarrier index DatCrrIndex[n of k data subcarrier in n physical cluster] [k] be nGrpFrmSize*k+n;
D23. bunch upsetting again in the framing is combined as logic OFDM symbol, each logic OFDM symbol contains nGrpFrmSize Logic Cluster, m Logic Cluster of s logic OFDM symbol taken from mod (A*m, nGrpFrmSize) mod of individual physics OFDM symbol (B*m, nGrpFrmSize) individual physical cluster;
D24. the logical sub carrier wave with a pairing nGrpFrmSize Logic Cluster in each logic OFDM symbol renumbers, an OFDM symbol inside, lowest logical subcarrier open numbering in first Logic Cluster is 0, increase progressively successively, compiled that the lowest logical subcarrier from next Logic Cluster continues numbering after each Logic Cluster, and the like until finishing all numberings;
D25. nLDPCSize constellation point is mapped to successively on the data subcarrier after the numbering;
Wherein, n=0～(nGrpFrmSize-1), k=0～(nCrrNumPerCluster-1), the positive integer that A, B distribute for the randomization Logic Cluster, mod is a modulo operation, and nCrrNum is the data subcarrier number that is used to carry constellation point in the OFDM symbol, and nGrpFrmSize is the size of framing, the data subcarrier number of nCrrNumPerCluster for containing in each bunch, nLDPCSize is counting of LDPC encoding block.
Described framing comprises 8 Frames.
The size of described LDPC encoding block is 3744 or 7488.
Data subcarrier number in described each OFDM symbol is 3744.
Channel interleaving system in a kind of hand TV system, described system comprises:
The LDPC coding module is used for the source bits stream of input being carried out the LDPC coding, output LDPC encoding block;
Interblock Bit Interleave module is used for described LDPC encoding block is carried out the interblock Bit Interleave;
The constellation mapping module is used for the bit behind the interblock Bit Interleave is carried out constellation mapping, generates constellation point; And
Framing channel Mapping module, being used for described constellation point interweaved is mapped to the time-frequency plane of framing, and described framing comprises a plurality of Frames.
Described interblock Bit Interleave module comprises:
LDPC encoding block shunt module, be used for according to the number of the high and low priority bit of an order of modulation and a constellation point with the LDPC encoding block be divided into a described constellation point in the corresponding high and low priority multiple signals of number of high and low priority bit;
Bit group abstraction module is used for taking out a bit from each road signal of described high and low priority multiple signals, constitutes the bit group; And
The bit circular shift module is used for the bit of described bit group is carried out left-hand or dextrad cyclic shift.
Described framing channel Mapping module comprises:
The data subcarrier mapping block, be used for choosing nStarNumPerSym the data subcarrier that is used to shine upon p+q the pairing constellation point of LDPC encoding block of x group from each OFDM symbol of framing, obtain nStarNumPerSym*nGrpFrmSize, be total to nLDPCSize data subcarrier, wherein, the call number nIndex[c of c the data subcarrier of choosing in s OFDM symbol] [s] for mod (nF*c+s*nT+x+nRand, nCrrNum);
Mapping subcarrier number module, be used for selected nLDPCSize data subcarrier renumberd, c the data subcarrier number of choosing in s OFDM symbol is s*nStarNumPerSym+c constellation subcarrier, s=0～(nGrpFrmSize-1) wherein, c=0～(nStarNumPerSym-1); And
The constellation point mapping block is used for one group of nLDPCSize constellation point is mapped to described constellation subcarrier successively;
Wherein, s=0～(nGrpFrmSize-1), c=0～(nStarNumPerSym-1), x=0～X-1, mod is a modulo operation, p, high in the corresponding respectively constellation point of q, the bit number of low priority, nStarNumPerSym is the number of constellation points that x group constellation point distributes in an OFDM symbol, value is nLDPCSize/nGrpFrmSize, nGrpFrmSize is the size of framing, nCrrNum is a data subcarrier number in the OFDM symbol, and nF is the distance that is used in the same OFDM symbol to shine upon between the adjacent data subcarrier of same group of constellation point, and value is nCrrNum/nCrrNumPerSym, the nT value is 1 or prime number, nRand is a randomization factor, and nLDPCSize is counting of LDPC encoding block, and X is the LDPC encoding block number in one road LDPC encoding block.
Described framing channel Mapping module comprises:
Data subcarrier numbering module is used for nCrrNum data subcarrier of an OFDM symbol is numbered from 0 to nCrrNum-1;
The physical cluster grouping module, be used for the data subcarrier after the numbering is grouped into nGrpFrmSize physical cluster, contain nCrrNumPerCluster data subcarrier in each physical cluster, the data subcarrier index DatCrrIndex[n of k data subcarrier in n physical cluster] [k] be nGrpFrmSize*k+n, wherein, n=0～(nGrpFrmSize-1), k=0～nCrrNumPerCluster-1;
Logic OFDM symbol combination module, be used for bunch upsetting again of framing is combined as logic OFDM symbol, each logic OFDM symbol contains nGrpFrmSize Logic Cluster, m Logic Cluster of s logic OFDM symbol taken from mod (A*m, nGrpFrmSize) mod of individual physics OFDM symbol (B*m, nGrpFrmSize) individual physical cluster, wherein, the positive integer that A, B distribute for the randomization Logic Cluster, mod is a modulo operation;
Logical sub carrier index module, be used for the logical sub carrier wave of the pairing nGrpFrmSize of each a logic OFDM symbol Logic Cluster is renumberd, an OFDM symbol inside, lowest logical subcarrier open numbering in first Logic Cluster is 0, increase progressively successively, compiled that the lowest logical subcarrier from next Logic Cluster continues numbering after each Logic Cluster, and the like until finishing all numberings; And
The constellation point mapping block is used for nLDPCSize constellation point is mapped to data subcarrier after the numbering successively;
Wherein, n=0～(nGrpFrmSize-1), k=0～(nCrrNumPerCluster-1), the positive integer that A, B distribute for the randomization Logic Cluster, mod is a modulo operation, and nCrrNum is the data subcarrier number that is used to carry constellation point in the OFDM symbol, and nGrpFrmSize is the size of framing, the data subcarrier number of nCrrNumPerCluster for containing in each bunch, nLDPCSize is counting of LDPC encoding block.
Described framing comprises 8 Frames.
The size of described LDPC encoding block is 3744 or 7488.
Data subcarrier number in described each OFDM symbol is 3744.
By the present invention, can utilize framing structure to obtain bigger time diversity effect.Simultaneously, utilize LDPC encoding block interblock to interweave and the constellation mapping that interweaves, bit information in the LDPC encoding block is distributed in the incoherent data subcarrier, and can unify to handle various order of modulation, for layering and non-layered modulation good compatibility is arranged all, reduced the complexity of system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic that realizes data flow transmission in the hand TV system by time slicing;
Fig. 2 is the frame structure schematic diagram in the existing national terrestrial DTV scheme;
Fig. 3 is the frame structure schematic diagram when protection is spaced apart 420 bits among the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the different program burst transfer pieces when adopting framing to realize the time slicing transmission among the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the implementation procedure figure of LDPC encoding block interblock Bit Interleave provided by the invention;
Fig. 6 is the constellation subcarrier distribution schematic diagram that carries out in the first embodiment of the invention after constellation point interweaves;
Fig. 7 is division and the scramble schematic diagram in the second embodiment of the invention bunch;
Fig. 8 is the composition structure chart of channel interleaving provided by the invention system;
Fig. 9 is the structure chart of interblock Bit Interleave module provided by the invention;
Figure 10 is the structure chart of the framing channel Mapping module that provides in the first embodiment of the invention;
Figure 11 is the structure chart of the framing channel Mapping module that provides in the second embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
In order to make purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer,, the present invention is further elaborated below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explanation the present invention, and be not used in qualification the present invention.
The present invention increases framing structure on the basis of national terrestrial DTV frame structure, to realize the time slicing transmission of data, with the least unit of framing as data transmission, reception and carrying programme information.Simultaneously, at the inner OFFDM symbol of timeslice intercropping sub-carrier interleaving,, effectively reduce the error rate of data at framing structure to utilize time diversity and frequency diversity effect better.
In the present invention, a superframe is made of several framings, and the framing number depends on a plurality of factors such as synchronizing signal length, framing size, OFDM symbol lengths in the superframe.First framing in the superframe is used to carry all kinds of public breaths, as listing, subdistrict frequency point information etc., is called the public information frame.Other framings in the superframe all are used to carry programme information, are called the programme information frame.Each framing has been endowed a framing call number according to its position difference in superframe, and the call number of first framing in the superframe is that the call number of 0, the second framing is 1, increases progressively successively, and the framing call number all resets to 0 when each superframe begins.The framing call number is carried in the control signaling of each framing.Superframe is minimum equally distributed frame structure.
Framing is combined by several Frames, is generally 5～10, is the least unit of carrying programme information, also is the least unit that time slicing is regulated.Frame by protection at interval and 3780 OFDM symbol form.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, super frame size is 1 second, and the size of framing is 8 Frames, and 8 OFDM symbol combination can be obtained 8 * 35 PCS subcarriers, be used to carry various control signalings, and can in the public information frame of superframe, carry more public information.Simultaneously; keeping under the constant situation of master data frame structure, the size of the frame structure of each level is more unified, all contains an integer framing in the superframe of form of ownership; various frame structure is as shown in the table, and Fig. 3 shows the frame structure when protection is spaced apart 420 bits.
| Protection size at interval | 420 | ?595 | ?720 | ?945 | ?1220 | ?1470 | ?1620 |
| Frame number in the superframe | 1800 | ?1728 | ?1680 | ?1600 | ?1512 | ?1440 | ?1400 |
| Framing number in the superframe | 224 | ?215 | ?209 | ?199 | ?188 | ?179 | ?174 |
Fig. 4 shows the structure of the different program burst transfer pieces when realizing the time slicing transmission under framing structure provided by the invention, is example so that 7 programme information frames to be arranged in each superframe, has hundreds of programme information frames in the real system certainly.Public information frame and programme information frame all are made up of framing, and each framing contains 8 OFDM symbols.The burst transfer piece of program A and program B has accounted for 3 and 4 programme information frames respectively in superframe 1, and the burst transfer piece of program A and program B has accounted for 4 and 3 programme information frames respectively in superframe 2.
When utilizing time slicing that data are transmitted, in order to obtain the coding gain and the lower error rate preferably, need between the symbol of time slicing inside, make sub-carrier interleaving, (Low Density Parity Check Code, LDPC) the pairing constellation point of encoding block is distributed on the incoherent data subcarrier as far as possible with a low density parity check code.Owing to the correlation between the data subcarrier weakens along with the interval of data subcarrier on frequency domain or time domain increases.Therefore, for constellation point being distributed in the incoherent data subcarrier, pairing data subcarrier should be dispersed on the pairing time-frequency plane of whole framing.
In the present invention, at first the LDPC encoding block is carried out the interblock Bit Interleave, secondly a bit in the LDPC encoding block is distributed in the constellation point as much as possible,, a LDPC pairing constellation point of encoding is evenly distributed on the framing time-frequency plane to the constellation point mapping that interweaves.
Below the implementation procedure of the interblock Bit Interleave of LDPC encoding block in the framing is elaborated, be easy description, be defined as follows variable:
N is the LDPC encoding block quantity in the framing;
P is the high priority LDPC encoding block number in the framing;
Q is the low priority LDPC encoding block number in the framing;
NLDPCSize is counting of LDPC encoding block;
NModLvl is an order of modulation, and value is 2,3,4,5,6, respectively corresponding QPSK, 8PSK, 16QAM, 32QAM, 64QAM modulation;
The number of high prioritized bit in constellation point when p is hierarchical modulation;
The number of low priority bit in constellation point when q is hierarchical modulation;
X is the LDPC encoding block number in one road LDPC encoding block, and when the LDPC encoding block was at 3744, X was 8, and when the LDPC encoding block was at 7488, X was 4.
According to the setting of high priority bit stream, P+Q=N, concrete value is as shown in the table.Under the situation of not considering Delamination Transmission, the number Q of low priority LDPC encoding block should be 0, i.e. N=P.Under the QPSK modulation system, there is not Delamination Transmission.
According to the setting of high priority bit stream, p+q=nModLvl, the value of p and q is respectively p=2 and q=2, p=2 and q=3, p=2 and q=4 under 16QAM, 32QAM, 64QAM modulation system.Under the situation of not considering Delamination Transmission, q is 0, i.e. nModLvl=p.Under QPSK and 8PSK modulation mode, there is not Delamination Transmission.
| Modulation system | 3744 LDPC | 7488 LDPC |
| ?N(P:Q) | N(P:Q) | |
| QPSK | ?16 | 8 |
| 8PSK | ?24 | 12 |
| 16QAM | ?32(16:16) | 16(8:8) |
| 32QAM | ?40(16:24) | 20(8:12) |
| 64QAM | ?48(16:32) | 24(8:16) |
As shown in Figure 5, the process of LDPC encoding block interblock Bit Interleave is as follows:
(1) according to order of modulation nModLvl and corresponding p, q value, the LDPC encoding block is divided into p road and q road respectively, X LDPC encoding block arranged in each road by the head and the tail cascade.
(2) from each road signal of high and low priority, take out a bit respectively, altogether two groups of bits, one group is p, one group is q.If one group of p bit is taken from i bit of a LPDC encoding block, p bit made the left-hand or the dextrad cyclic shift of i position, q bit also carried out similar cyclic shift, i=0～(nLDPCSize-1), but the nLDPCSize value is 3744 or 4788.
After having finished LDPC encoding block interblock Bit Interleave, the bit after the cyclic shift is carried out constellation mapping, generate constellation point.Through above-mentioned processing, the bit information of each LDPC encoding block has been distributed among nLDPCSize the constellation point, and interweaving with shining upon by constellation point then is distributed to constellation point on the time-frequency plane of framing as far as possible.
Below constellation point interleaving process that first embodiment of the invention is provided be elaborated, be easy description, be defined as follows variable:
NLDPCSize is counting of LDPC encoding block;
NGrpFrmSize is the size of framing, and as one embodiment of the invention, nGrpFrmSize is 8, promptly contains 8 OFDM symbols in a framing;
NStarNumPerSym is the constellation point number that distributes in the OFDM symbol, and for an even distribution nLDPCSize constellation point, the nStarNum value is nLDPCSize/nGrpFrmSize;
NCrrNum is the data subcarrier number that is used to carry constellation point in the OFDM symbol, is numbered 0～(nCrrNum-1), and as one embodiment of the invention, the nCrrNum value is 3744;
NF is the interval that is used in the same OFDM symbol to shine upon between the adjacent data subcarrier of the pairing constellation point of same LDPC encoding block, and value is nCrrNum/nStarNumPerSym, as one embodiment of the invention, and nF=8;
NT is a positive integer, but value is 1 or prime number, as can value being less than the maximum in all prime numbers of nF/2;
X is the LDPC encoding block number in one road LDPC encoding block, and for 3744 LDPC conversion, the X value is 8, and for 7488 LDPC conversion, the X value is 4.
Under present embodiment, the detailed implementation procedure that constellation point interweaves is as follows:
(1) OFDM of each from framing symbol is chosen nStarNumPerSym data subcarrier and is used to shine upon p+q pairing constellation point of LDPC encoding block of x group, be total to nStartNumPerSym*nGrpFrmsize data subcarrier, be nLDPCSize data subcarrier, the call number nIndex[c of c the data subcarrier of choosing in s OFDM symbol] [s] be:
NIndex[c] [s]=mod (nF*c+s*nT+x+nRand, nCrrNum), wherein, s=0～(nGrpFrmSize-1), c=0～(nStarNumPerSym-1), x=0～X-1, mod is a modulo operation, nRand is a randomization factor, is constant in the interleaving process of a framing, but value is the call number of invariant or framing.
(2) selected nLDPCSize data subcarrier renumberd, c data subcarrier number in s OFDM symbol is s*nStarNumPerSym+c constellation subcarrier, s=0～(nGrpFrmSize-1) wherein, c=0～(nStarNumPerSym-1).
(3) one group of nLDPCSize constellation point is mapped to successively on the constellation subcarrier after the numbering.
Below with an example above-mentioned constellation point is interweaved and to be elaborated, if nModLvl=2 (being that modulation system is QPSK), LDPC encoding block length is 3744, nGrpFrmSize=8, nCrrNum=3744, nStarNum=468, nF=8, nT=3, nLDPCSize is 16, the nRand that is without loss of generality is made as 0.
Fig. 6 shows the 0th group of constellation subcarrier under the above-mentioned situation and the distribution of the 4th group of constellation subcarrier, for example the 0th group of pairing several constellation subcarriers that begin most of constellation subcarrier are 0000,0008,0016 shown in first row, 0024...... among Fig. 6, corresponding constellation subcarrier number is 0,1,2,3......, and the like.
Below constellation point interleaving process that second embodiment of the invention is provided be elaborated, in the present embodiment, each OFDM symbol is equally divided into nClusterNum bunch, bunch is the basic structure of carrying out time-domain and frequency-domain channel interleaving, be easy description, be defined as follows variable:
NGrpFrmSize is the number of an OFDM symbol in the framing;
The data subcarrier number of nCrrNumPerCluster for containing in each bunch.
NTotalClusterNum is total bunch a number in the framing, and size is nGrpFrmSize*nGrpFrmSize.
Under present embodiment, the detailed implementation procedure that constellation point interweaves is as follows:
(1) to there being nCrrNum data subcarrier to be numbered in the OFDM symbol, is numbered 0～(nCrrNum-1).
(2) nCrrNum numbering data subcarrier is grouped into nGrpFrmSize physical cluster, contains nCrrNumPerCluster data subcarrier in each physical cluster, total nGrpFrmSize*nGrpFrmSize physical cluster in the framing.The data subcarrier index DatCrrIndex[n of k data subcarrier in n physical cluster] [k]:
DatCrrIndex[n] [k]=nGrpFrmSize*k+n; Wherein, n=0～(nGrpFrmSize-1), k=0～nCrrNumPerCluster-1.
(3) with bunch upsetting again in the framing, be combined as logic OFDM symbol, each logic OFDM symbol contains nGrpFrmSize Logic Cluster, and these Logic Cluster are by forming from the physical cluster of different OFDM symbols.M Logic Cluster of s logic OFDM symbol taken from mod (A*m, nGrpFrmSize) mod of individual physics OFDM symbol (B*m, nGrpFrmSize) individual physical cluster.
Wherein, A, B are positive integers, are used for the distribution of randomization Logic Cluster, work as A=1, and during B=5, the physical cluster in the same logic OFDM symbol is disperseed the most.As shown in Figure 7, numeral notation index among the figure and bunch index are as the 1st physical cluster of the 3rd physics OFDM symbol of " 31 " expression.
(4) the logical sub carrier wave with pairing 8 Logic Cluster in each logic OFDM symbol renumbers, and is designated as 0～3743.Coding rule is: an OFDM symbol inside, lowest logical subcarrier open numbering in first Logic Cluster is 0, increase progressively successively, compiled after each Logic Cluster then numbering of the lowest logical subcarrier from next Logic Cluster, and the like until finishing all numberings.Like this, the data subcarrier in each subchannel not only is distributed on the different frequency bands, also is distributed on the different OFDM symbols simultaneously, and the encoding block that is mapped to like this on the subchannel can obtain frequency domain and temporal diversity simultaneously.
(5) nLDPCSize constellation point is mapped to successively on the data subcarrier after the numbering.
By the mapping that interweaves of above-mentioned interblock Bit Interleave and constellation, bit information in the LDPC encoding block is distributed among the incoherent data subcarrier, can also unify to handle various order of modulation, as QPSK, 8PSK, QAM16, QAM32, QAM64, for layering and non-layered modulation good compatibility is arranged also, greatly reduce the complexity of system.
Fig. 8 shows the structure of channel interleaving provided by the invention system 800, for convenience of description, only shows part related to the present invention.High and low priority information source is distributed to when carrying out constellation mapping on the different bits, through after the constellation mapping, all becomes constellation point.Under 16QAM, 32QAM, 64QAM modulation system, the speed ratio of high and low priority bit stream was respectively 1: 1,2: 3 and 1: 2.
LDPC coding module 501 is made the LDPC coding with the source bits stream of high and low priority.502 pairs of LDPC encoding blocks of interblock Bit Interleave module carry out the interblock Bit Interleave, and the data flow after will interweaving then passes to constellation mapping module 503.High and low priority bit stream after constellation mapping module 503 is encoded LDPC is made constellation mapping, the bit stream of high priority sources is mapped to the high position of constellation point bit, to obtain the better resisting interference ability, the bit stream of low priority information source is mapped to the low level of constellation point bit.Framing channel interleaving mapping block 504 interweaves constellation point, is evenly distributed on the time-frequency plane of whole framing.
Fig. 9 shows the structure of interblock Bit Interleave module 802, and LDPC encoding block shunt module 8021 is divided into p road and q road by the head and the tail cascade with the LDPC encoding block according to order of modulation nModLvl and corresponding p, q value, and X LDPC encoding block arranged in each road.Bit abstraction module 8022 takes out a bit respectively from each road signal of high and low priority, altogether two groups of bits, one group is p, one group is q.If one group of p bit is taken from i bit of a LPDC encoding block, 8023 pairs of p bits of bit circular shift module are made a left side or the right position cyclic shift of i position, q bit also carried out similar cyclic shift, i=0～(nLDPCSize-1), but the nLDPCSize value is 3744 or 4788.
The structure of the framing channel Mapping module 804 that provides in the first embodiment of the invention is provided Figure 10, data subcarrier mapping block 8041a each OFDM symbol from framing is chosen nStarNumPerSym the data subcarrier that is used to shine upon p+q the pairing constellation point of LDPC encoding block of x group, obtain nLDPCSize data subcarrier, the call number nIndex[c of c the data subcarrier of choosing in s OFDM symbol] [s] be mod (nF*c+s*nT+x+nRand, nCrrNum), wherein, s=0～(nGrpFrmSize-1), c=0～(nStarNumPerSym-1), x=0～X-1, mod are modulo operation.
Data subcarrier numbering module 8042a renumbers described nLDPCSize data subcarrier, c data subcarrier number in s OFDM symbol is s*nStarNumPerSym+c constellation subcarrier, s=0～(nGrpFrmSize-1) wherein, c=0～(nStarNumPerSym-1), nRand is a randomization factor, should be constant in the interleaving process of a framing, but value be the call number of invariant or framing.
Constellation point mapping block 8043a is mapped to one group of nLDPCSize constellation point on the above-mentioned constellation subcarrier successively.
The structure of the framing channel Mapping module 804 that provides in the second embodiment of the invention is provided Figure 11, and data subcarrier numbering module 8041b is numbered nCrrNum data subcarrier of an OFDM symbol from 0 to (nCrrNum-1).Data subcarrier after physical cluster grouping module 8042b will number is grouped into nGrpFrmSize physical cluster, contain nCrrNumPerCluster data subcarrier in each physical cluster, the data subcarrier index DatCrrIndex[n of k data subcarrier in n physical cluster] [k] be nGrpFrmSize*k+n, wherein, n=0～(nGrpFrmSize-1), k=0～(nCrrNumPerCluster-1).
Logic OFDM symbol combination module 8043b is combined as logic OFDM symbol with bunch upsetting again in the framing, each logic OFDM symbol contains nGrpFrmSize Logic Cluster, m Logic Cluster of s logic OFDM symbol taken from mod (A*m, nGrpFrmSize) mod (B*m of individual physics OFDM symbol, nGrpFrmSize) individual physical cluster, wherein, A, B are positive integer, be used for the distribution of randomization Logic Cluster, mod is a modulo operation.
Logical sub carrier index module 8044b renumbers the logical sub carrier wave of pairing 8 Logic Cluster in each logic OFDM symbol, an OFDM symbol inside, lowest logical subcarrier open numbering in first Logic Cluster is 0, increase progressively successively, compiled that the lowest logical subcarrier from next Logic Cluster continues numbering after each Logic Cluster, and the like until finishing all numberings.
Constellation point mapping block 8045b is mapped to nLDPCSize constellation point on the logical sub carrier wave after the numbering successively.
In the present invention, in the constellation point interleaving process, can produce sub carrier group and this two class of Logic Cluster and be evenly distributed on structure on the framing time-frequency plane.Because their even distribution character not only can be used to shine upon the pairing constellation point of LDPC encoding block, can also on these data subcarriers, shine upon fixing data (as+1 or-1), thereby realize the function of pilot tone.Therefore simultaneously, because that these data subcarriers distribute on time-frequency plane is very even, can well reacts the characteristic of channel, thereby carry out the good channel estimation.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to restriction the present invention, all any modifications of being done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, is equal to and replaces and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (14)
1, the channel interleaving method in a kind of hand TV system is characterized in that, described method comprises the steps:
A. the source bits stream to input carries out the LDPC coding, output LDPC encoding block;
B. described LDPC encoding block is carried out the interblock Bit Interleave;
C. the bit behind the interblock Bit Interleave is carried out constellation mapping, generate constellation point;
D. described constellation point being interweaved is mapped on the time-frequency plane of framing, and described framing comprises a plurality of Frames.
2, channel interleaving method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described step B comprises the steps:
B1. according to the number of the high and low priority bit in order of modulation and the constellation point with the LDPC encoding block be divided into a described constellation point in the corresponding high and low priority multiple signals of number of high and low priority bit;
B2. take out a bit in each the road signal from described high and low priority multiple signals, constitute the bit group;
B3. the bit in the described bit group is carried out left-hand or dextrad cyclic shift.
3, channel interleaving method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described step D comprises the steps:
D11. the OFDM of each from framing symbol is chosen nStarNumPerSym the data subcarrier that is used to shine upon p+q the pairing constellation point of LDPC encoding block of x group, obtain nStarNumPerSym*nGrpFrmSize, be total to nLDPCSize data subcarrier, wherein, the call number nIhdex[c of c the data subcarrier of choosing in s OFDM symbol] [s] for mod (nF*c+s*nT+x+nRand, nCrrNum);
D12. selected nLDPCSize data subcarrier renumberd, c the data subcarrier number of choosing in s OFDM symbol is s*nStarNumPerSym+c constellation subcarrier;
D13. one group of nLDPCSize constellation point is mapped on the described constellation subcarrier successively;
Wherein, s=0～(nGrpFrmSize-1), c=0～(nStarNumPerSym-1), x=0～X-1, mod is a modulo operation, p, high in the corresponding respectively constellation point of q, the bit number of low priority, nStarNumPerSym is the number of constellation points that x group constellation point distributes in an OFDM symbol, value is nLDPCSize/nGrpFrmSize, nGrpFrmSize is the size of framing, nCrrNum is a data subcarrier number in the OFDM symbol, and nF is the distance that is used in the same OFDM symbol to shine upon between the adjacent data subcarrier of same group of constellation point, and value is nCrrNum/nCrrNumPerSym, the nT value is 1 or prime number, nRand is a randomization factor, and nLDPCSize is counting of LDPC encoding block, and X is the LDPC encoding block number in one road LDPC encoding block.
4, channel interleaving method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described step D comprises the steps:
D21. nCrrNum data subcarrier with an OFDM symbol is numbered from 0 to (nCrrNum-1);
D22. the data subcarrier after will numbering is grouped into nGrpFrmSize physical cluster, contain nCrrNumPerCluster data subcarrier in each physical cluster, the data subcarrier index DatCrrIndex[n of k data subcarrier in n physical cluster] [k] be nGrpFrmSize*k+n;
D23. bunch upsetting again in the framing is combined as logic OFDM symbol, each logic OFDM symbol contains nGrpFrmSize Logic Cluster, m Logic Cluster of s logic OFDM symbol taken from mod (A*m, nGrpFrmSize) mod of individual physics OFDM symbol (B*m, nGrpFrmSize) individual physical cluster;
D24. the logical sub carrier wave with a pairing nGrpFrmSize Logic Cluster in each logic OFDM symbol renumbers, an OFDM symbol inside, lowest logical subcarrier open numbering in first Logic Cluster is 0, increase progressively successively, compiled that the lowest logical subcarrier from next Logic Cluster continues numbering after each Logic Cluster, and the like until finishing all numberings;
D25. nLDPCSize constellation point is mapped to successively on the data subcarrier after the numbering;
Wherein, n=0～(nGrpFrmSize-1), k=0～(nCrrNumPerCluster-1), the positive integer that A, B distribute for the randomization Logic Cluster, mod is a modulo operation, and nCrrNum is the data subcarrier number that is used to carry constellation point in the OFDM symbol, and nGrpFrmSize is the size of framing, the data subcarrier number of nCrrNumPerCluster for containing in each bunch, nLDPCSize is counting of LDPC encoding block.
5, channel interleaving method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described framing comprises 8 Frames.
6, channel interleaving method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the size of described LDPC encoding block is 3744 or 7488.
As claim 3 or 4 described channel interleaving methods, it is characterized in that 7, the data subcarrier number in described each OFDM symbol is 3744.
8, the channel interleaving system in a kind of hand TV system is characterized in that, described system comprises:
The LDPC coding module is used for the source bits stream of input being carried out the LDPC coding, output LDPC encoding block;
Interblock Bit Interleave module is used for described LDPC encoding block is carried out the interblock Bit Interleave;
The constellation mapping module is used for the bit behind the interblock Bit Interleave is carried out constellation mapping, generates constellation point; And
Framing channel Mapping module, being used for described constellation point interweaved is mapped to the time-frequency plane of framing, and described framing comprises a plurality of Frames.
9, channel interleaving as claimed in claim 8 system is characterized in that described interblock Bit Interleave module comprises:
LDPC encoding block shunt module, be used for according to the number of the high and low priority bit of an order of modulation and a constellation point with the LDPC encoding block be divided into a described constellation point in the corresponding high and low priority multiple signals of number of high and low priority bit;
Bit group abstraction module is used for taking out a bit from each road signal of described high and low priority multiple signals, constitutes the bit group; And
The bit circular shift module is used for the bit of described bit group is carried out left-hand or dextrad cyclic shift.
10, channel interleaving as claimed in claim 8 system is characterized in that described framing channel Mapping module comprises:
The data subcarrier mapping block, be used for choosing nStarNumPerSym the data subcarrier that is used to shine upon p+q the pairing constellation point of LDPC encoding block of x group from each OFDM symbol of framing, obtain nStarNumPerSym*nGrpFrmSize, be total to nLDPCSize data subcarrier, wherein, the call number nIndex[c of c the data subcarrier of choosing in s OFDM symbol] [s] for mod (nF*c+s*nT+x+nRand, nCrrNum);
Mapping subcarrier number module, be used for selected nLDPCSize data subcarrier renumberd, c the data subcarrier number of choosing in s OFDM symbol is s*nStarNumPerSym+c constellation subcarrier, s=0～(nGrpFrmSize-1) wherein, c=0～(nStarNumPerSym-1); And
The constellation point mapping block is used for one group of nLDPCSize constellation point is mapped to described constellation subcarrier successively;
Wherein, s=0～(nGrpFrmSize-1), c=0～(nStarNumPerSym-1), x=0～X-1, mod is a modulo operation, p, high in the corresponding respectively constellation point of q, the bit number of low priority, nStarNumPerSym is the number of constellation points that x group constellation point distributes in an OFDM symbol, value is nLDPCSize/nGrpFrmSize, nGrpFrmSize is the size of framing, nCrrNum is a data subcarrier number in the OFDM symbol, and nF is the distance that is used in the same OFDM symbol to shine upon between the adjacent data subcarrier of same group of constellation point, and value is nCrrNum/nCrrNumPerSym, the nT value is 1 or prime number, nRand is a randomization factor, and nLDPCSize is counting of LDPC encoding block, and X is the LDPC encoding block number in one road LDPC encoding block.
11, channel interleaving as claimed in claim 8 system is characterized in that described framing channel Mapping module comprises:
Data subcarrier numbering module is used for nCrrNum data subcarrier of an OFDM symbol is numbered from 0 to nCrrNum-1;
The physical cluster grouping module, be used for the data subcarrier after the numbering is grouped into nGrpFrmSize physical cluster, contain nCrrNumPerCluster data subcarrier in each physical cluster, the data subcarrier index DatCrrIndex[n of k data subcarrier in n physical cluster] [k] be nGrpFrmSize*k+n, wherein, n=0～(nGrpFrmSize-1), k=0～nCrrNumPerCluster-1;
Logic OFDM symbol combination module, be used for bunch upsetting again of framing is combined as logic OFDM symbol, each logic OFDM symbol contains nGrpFrmSize Logic Cluster, m Logic Cluster of s logic OFDM symbol taken from mod (A*m, nGrpFrmSize) mod of individual physics OFDM symbol (B*m, nGrpFrmSize) individual physical cluster, wherein, the positive integer that A, B distribute for the randomization Logic Cluster, mod is a modulo operation;
Logical sub carrier index module, be used for the logical sub carrier wave of the pairing nGrpFrmSize of each a logic OFDM symbol Logic Cluster is renumberd, an OFDM symbol inside, lowest logical subcarrier open numbering in first Logic Cluster is 0, increase progressively successively, compiled that the lowest logical subcarrier from next Logic Cluster continues numbering after each Logic Cluster, and the like until finishing all numberings; And
The constellation point mapping block is used for nLDPCSize constellation point is mapped to data subcarrier after the numbering successively;
Wherein, n=0～(nGrpFrmSize-1), k=0～(nCrrNumPerCluster-1), the positive integer that A, B distribute for the randomization Logic Cluster, mod is a modulo operation, and nCrrNum is the data subcarrier number that is used to carry constellation point in the OFDM symbol, and nGrpFrmSize is the size of framing, the data subcarrier number of nCrrNumPerCluster for containing in each bunch, nLDPCSize is counting of LDPC encoding block.
12, channel interleaving as claimed in claim 8 system is characterized in that described framing comprises 8 Frames.
13, channel interleaving as claimed in claim 8 system is characterized in that the size of described LDPC encoding block is 3744 or 7488.
14, as claim 10 or 11 described channel interleaving systems, it is characterized in that the data subcarrier number in described each OFDM symbol is 3744.
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