CN1010466B - Diamond super-precision cutting process for ferrous metal and difficult-to-machine material - Google Patents
Diamond super-precision cutting process for ferrous metal and difficult-to-machine materialInfo
- Publication number
- CN1010466B CN1010466B CN 87102713 CN87102713A CN1010466B CN 1010466 B CN1010466 B CN 1010466B CN 87102713 CN87102713 CN 87102713 CN 87102713 A CN87102713 A CN 87102713A CN 1010466 B CN1010466 B CN 1010466B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- cutting
- difficult
- diamond
- ferrous metal
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- ORILYTVJVMAKLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N adamantane Chemical compound C1C(C2)CC3CC1CC2C3 ORILYTVJVMAKLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001573 adamantine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 ferrous metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
Because of the development of modern industry, the requirement on the processing precision of ferrous metal and difficult-to-process materials is higher and higher, the traditional ultra-precision cutting process is difficult to realize, and the price of diamond is high.
Description
The invention belongs to machine-building and manufacture field.
For a long time, the cutting of the diamond super precision of ferrous metal and difficult-to-machine material is the difficult problem that everybody generally acknowledges always.Because the chemical affinity of diamond and metals such as steel, titanium is stronger, therefore adamantine carbon very fast to the surface of the work diffusion caused the rapid wearing and tearing of diamond bit in working angles.Abroad the someone has tested rich carbon gas protection method cutting; its basic principle is preferential diffusion phenomena; promptly in working angles; compare with the solid diamond; the adamantine carbon of carbon ratio in the gas is more active; can at first reacting with surface of the work, slowing down the diffusion of carbon in the diamond, thereby reach the purpose of protective money diamond cutter.But because in working angles; the cutter rake face contacts fine and close with cutting lay in cutting region; protective gas can not directly contact fully with cutting edge roundness; therefore also just can not play a protective role fully; still to cause the wearing and tearing of diamond cutter inevitably, so gas protection method diamond cutting steel can't reach application.〔1〕〔2〕
Development of modern industry, require machining accuracy more and more higher to ferrous metal and difficult-to-machine material, be difficult to realize that diamond cutter costs an arm and a leg but use traditional ultra precision cutting to add technology, as not guaranteeing its service life, just can not solve the machining accuracy of material.
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of new ultralow temperature refrigeration processing method, the use of cryogenic cooling process technology and diamond cutter is organically combined, improve the service life of diamond cutter, make it can be used for the ultraprecision cutting of ferrous metal and difficult-to-machine material.
The abrasion mechanism of diamond bit is because the cutting temperature height is to cause one of diamond bit wearing and tearing principal element.From the control cutting temperature, adopted cryogenic liquid as cooling fluid, cool off diamond cutter and workpiece, thereby suppress tool wear, cutting can be carried out smoothly.The present invention adopts liquid nitrogen (130--182 ℃), liquid CO
2(50--76 ℃) is cooling fluid, utilizes compressed air to be power, and liquid nitrogen is taken out extrusion in special container (Dewar bottle), through a nozzle, directly waters in cutting region.In order to guarantee certain dimensional accuracy, the low temperature that also need solve steel shrinks problem, and this can pass through repeatedly repeated test, with its amount of contraction of prediction, thereby determines cutting output.Because the relative motion of cutter and workpiece in the working angles, also should solve the problem of cooling effect, in order to guarantee that cooling fully, reduce cutting temperature, the present invention has adopted two measures: (1) carries out precooling to workpiece earlier, is about to workpiece and is immersed in the liquid nitrogen, utilizes its thermograde then, guarantee that the cutting region temperature is lower than 600 ℃, (2) adopt the cryogenic liquid refrigeration of super-flow.Because diamond cutting cutting-in is less, when cooling fluid is enough abundant, the heat of cutting region can be reduced by the timely heat exchange of workpiece cutter and smear metal, thereby guarantee that cutting temperature is limited in certain limit, this is because there is a critical-temperature in diamond bit when wearing and tearing, if cutting temperature is not controlled at below the critical-temperature, then can not effectively control tool wear, this is a key of the present invention.
The present invention can improve the life-span of diamond cutter, its economic benefit is fairly obvious, according to national current price, the diamond bit 2 that one-level is about 1.5 carats, 600 yuan, as improving ten times of life-spans, just can save 20,000 surplus yuan, national annual diamond bit needs hundreds of, and saving value altogether can be above 1,000,000 yuan.What is more important is used this method can pass by the ferrous metal that at all can't realize and the ultra precision cutting of difficult-to-machine material.
Embodiment:
Ultralow temperature cutting steel, workpiece material 45# steel, normalized condition, diameter of work φ 50mm, lathe S1-25S smooth turning lathe, rotation speed n=200n/min, feed S=0.5min, depth of cut T=1～10 μ m, cutter: natural diamond monocrystalline lathe tool.Life-span compares: 1 minute tool abrasion of normal temperature cutting reaches 0.01mm, the finished surface precision obviously degenerates, feasible cutting can't be carried out, and adopts this technology in reaching 10-20 minute cutting, and cutting surface fineness does not have significant change, be difficult to observe the wearing and tearing of cutter with common microscope, stable cutting process, cutter life improve 10-20 doubly, are enough to keep carrying out smoothly of cutting, its machining accuracy can be controlled 0.005mm, and surface roughness is 0.04 μ m.
Claims (1)
1, the diamond superfine processing method of ferrous metal and difficult-to-machine material.The invention is characterized in diamond bit and cryogenic liquid the protection ferrous metal and difficult-to-machine material are carried out hyperfine processing.
Its technical process is:
1. earlier workpiece is carried out precooling, be about to workpiece and be immersed in the nitrogen, utilize its thermograde, guarantee that the cutting region temperature is lower than 600 ℃.
2. adopt the cryogenic liquid refrigeration of super-flow, adopt liquid nitrogen (130--182 ℃).Liquid CO
2(50-76 ℃) is cooling fluid, is power with compressed air, and cooling fluid is taken out extrusion in special container (Dewar bottle), through a nozzle, directly waters in cutting region, guarantees that cutting temperature is lower than the critical-temperature of diamond bit wearing and tearing.
3. predict the amount of contraction after the workpiece refrigeration, thereby determine that cutting output is to guarantee cutting precision.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 87102713 CN1010466B (en) | 1987-04-09 | 1987-04-09 | Diamond super-precision cutting process for ferrous metal and difficult-to-machine material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 87102713 CN1010466B (en) | 1987-04-09 | 1987-04-09 | Diamond super-precision cutting process for ferrous metal and difficult-to-machine material |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN87102713A CN87102713A (en) | 1988-04-06 |
| CN1010466B true CN1010466B (en) | 1990-11-21 |
Family
ID=4814079
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 87102713 Expired CN1010466B (en) | 1987-04-09 | 1987-04-09 | Diamond super-precision cutting process for ferrous metal and difficult-to-machine material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1010466B (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20030110781A1 (en) | 2001-09-13 | 2003-06-19 | Zbigniew Zurecki | Apparatus and method of cryogenic cooling for high-energy cutting operations |
| US20030145694A1 (en) | 2002-02-04 | 2003-08-07 | Zbigniew Zurecki | Apparatus and method for machining of hard metals with reduced detrimental white layer effect |
| US7513121B2 (en) | 2004-03-25 | 2009-04-07 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Apparatus and method for improving work surface during forming and shaping of materials |
| US7634957B2 (en) | 2004-09-16 | 2009-12-22 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Method and apparatus for machining workpieces having interruptions |
| US7390240B2 (en) | 2005-10-14 | 2008-06-24 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Method of shaping and forming work materials |
| US7434439B2 (en) | 2005-10-14 | 2008-10-14 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Cryofluid assisted forming method |
| CN103691969B (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2016-04-13 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of method of diamond cutter cutting ferrous metals |
| JPWO2018092364A1 (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2019-10-10 | 住友電工ハードメタル株式会社 | Workpiece processing method, machine tool, and member manufacturing method using diamond tool including nano-polycrystalline diamond or vapor-phase synthesis single crystal diamond |
| CN110605403B (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2021-06-04 | 香港理工大学深圳研究院 | Method for preparing gradient nano-structure metal material by ultra-precision machining technology |
| CN112974879B (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2022-03-04 | 大连理工大学 | Ultra-low temperature medium internal cooling lathe tool suitable for processing high polymer material |
-
1987
- 1987-04-09 CN CN 87102713 patent/CN1010466B/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN87102713A (en) | 1988-04-06 |
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| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C13 | Decision | ||
| GR02 | Examined patent application | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |