CN1006114B - Human head simulating vibration instrument - Google Patents
Human head simulating vibration instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN1006114B CN1006114B CN86107182.4A CN86107182A CN1006114B CN 1006114 B CN1006114 B CN 1006114B CN 86107182 A CN86107182 A CN 86107182A CN 1006114 B CN1006114 B CN 1006114B
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- Prior art keywords
- simulator
- language
- mechanical impedance
- human head
- bone conduction
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- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 210000001061 forehead Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 210000003625 skull Anatomy 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 210000004761 scalp Anatomy 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
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- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
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- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- IWEDIXLBFLAXBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicamba Chemical compound COC1=C(Cl)C=CC(Cl)=C1C(O)=O IWEDIXLBFLAXBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead zirconate titanate Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4].[Zr+4].[Pb+2] HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a human head vibration simulator, which consists of a human head mechanical impedance simulator, a signal source and a static pressure indicator. It simulates forehead mechanical impedance characteristic and speech spectrum characteristic, and simulates the external dimension and weight of human head. For measuring bone conduction microphones and their communication caps or communication systems. The technical performance of the bone conduction microphone or the communication cap can be truly and objectively reflected. The method can also replace a tester to carry out a speaking test in a high-noise environment and detect the dynamic signal-to-noise ratio and the intelligibility of the bone conduction microphone and the system thereof.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of multi-functional bone-conduction microphone tester.Be exactly the human head vibration simulator of anthropomorphic dummy's forehead mechanical impedance property, analog bone lead speech spectral characteristic, anthropomorphic dummy's head overall dimension and weight specifically.
As everyone knows, detecting the method for bone-conduction microphone at present, is the method for diverting from one use to another vibration machine measuring acceleration meter both at home and abroad substantially.Since the vibration characteristics that contacts with vibration table of bone-conduction microphone and mechanical impedance characteristic all with actual number of people language vibration characteristics, the mechanical impedance property of skin differs greatly.Therefore, the performance that detects bone-conduction microphone with vibration machine can not reflect actual operating position, influences result of use.In addition, the communication helmet such as the aviator's helmet of bone-conduction microphone is housed, the related parameter that has of crash helmet etc. does not also have objective examination method so far.So need a kind of simulation test instrument of development.
The measuring instrument that it is investigated, electroacoustical measurement device branch of International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC SC29C), U.S. army mark (MIL) does not all have similar applications.1970, human plastic mattresses such as American GJSebes sticked on (JAESV on the vibration table
018N
04.1970, P241) attempt simulation fell.But it does not consider the mechanical impedance property of people's scalp.After 10 years, 1979, all paddy justice of Japanese is bright to wait the people that 4930 type artificial mastoids of Denmark B﹠K company are made improvements, and promptly changes excited vibrational test bone-conduction microphone into from the vibration of accepting ossiphone.The artificial scalp of a fritter (diameter is the crown rubber assembly of the bead of φ 45mm) that being intended that of all paddy utilized on the artificial mastoid with the situation of bone-conduction microphone impedance matching under engaged test.The work of all paddy has taken a step forward than GJSebes really.But their testing apparatus and method of testing still can not reflect bone conduction language fundamental characteristics, and the related parameter that has of communication helmet still can not be tested.
We carry out the research of bone conduction language fundamental characteristics and find later on: same piezoelectric vibration pickup picks up the difference that the bone conduction language is composed at different parts, has slowly, has fast in the high band decay; The difference that the bone conduction language is composed is picked up with the Different Weight vibration pickup in same position, and also being has slowly, has soon in the high band decay; During the strong noise bombardment number of people, " microphonic " can influence the intelligibility of speech, and the microphonic influence degree is directly proportional with number of people surface area, is inversely proportional to weight.The human head vibration simulator of our development can success embody above characteristic, the real initiative both at home and abroad that belongs to.
Purpose of the present invention and purposes are the small vibration platforms that replaces present bone-conduction microphone to use, and can provide the fair curve and the correction value of small vibration platform test result; The present invention and the supporting use of general electroacoustical instrument can be tested the frequency response of bone-conduction microphone, technical parameters such as sensitivity; The present invention can replace the tester to give orders or instructions to test under high-noise environment, is used for detecting the dynamic signal to noise ratio and the intelligibility of speech of bone-conduction microphone and communication helmet thereof.Exciting force can be copied loud, the little sound of the sound level of giving orders or instructions regulated at will.
Simulation comparative test and theory analysis have confirmed that the present invention has good effect: people's forehead is given orders or instructions identical with give orders or instructions tone, fundamental tone, resonance honeybee, the harmonic frequency of both sonagrams of human head vibration simulator calvarium; Both spectrum envelopes, amplitude are also similar.Both give orders or instructions the listening testing comparison all clearly to understand, sense of hearing nature, no significant difference.The present invention is the more satisfactory tester of bone-conduction microphone, communication helmet, and good subjective and objective consistency is arranged.
The present invention is made up of as (Fig. 1) number of people mechanical impedance simulator (1), simulator signal source (2), (3) three parts of static pressure indicating device.
(Fig. 2) provides the functional-block diagram that number of people mechanical impedance simulator (1) connects with simulator signal source (2).Simulator signal source (2) is by language noise source (4), drive circuit (5), calibration circuit (6) gauge outfit circuit (7), measuring circuit (8), monitoring circuit (9) and interior dress PZT (piezoelectric transducer) (10), millivoltmeter (11), newton's table compositions such as (12).
(Fig. 3) is the primary structure schematic diagram of number of people mechanical impedance simulator (1).It is that artificial scalp (21) is formed by magnetic circuit component (19), driver part (20), spherical rubber assembly.
In order to embody the fundamental characteristics of bone conduction language, people expect that the calvarium of human head vibration simulator has the bone conduction language spectral property at certain position on the number of people.The bone conduction of a part language spectral property is to be determined by the mechanical impedance property of scalp and two aspects of exciting force characteristic of skull on the number of people.The method of analog bone lead spectral property mainly is to carry out from this two aspect.
Enforcement of the present invention.
1. simulate the method for mechanical impedance property, manufacture and design the method for number of people mechanical impedance simulator exactly.Because the mechanical impedance property at each position of the number of people has nothing in common with each other, can not also unnecessary impedance operator simulate each position comprehensively.Notice that forehead (containing mastoid process, cheekbone) mechanical impedance property can reflect the wideest bone conduction language spectrum, and intelligibility of speech the best, characterize bone conduction language spectral property preferably.So simulation forehead position mechanical impedance property is optimal selection.
Mechanical impedance simulator (1) adopts the electrodynamic type Drive Structure.Between its magnetic circuit component (19) and the driver part (20) is that the spring leaf that phosphor bronze is made is connected, and guarantees that the single order resonance frequency of skull is 45～80Hz, second order resonance frequency 7-12KHz.
When the design driven system, must consider following three kinds of very important factors, Here it is:
The first, should be away from the nonlinear operation district of drive system support component.In other words, should calculate the peak acceleration value for referencial use that doubles.
The second, the upper and lower faces air load quality of driver part can not be ignored, and numerically can think similar to skull weight.
The 3rd because tested accekeration is too little, in artificial scalp (21) surface measurement inconvenience, if with newton represent more convenient accurately.If from the beginning intracranial part monitors that acceleration is used for marking Newtonian time, must consider scalp impedance attenuation problem, revise.
The employing electrodynamic type drives, and should consider the electromagnetic force f 〉=16N(newton who produces).If 2 amperes of operating currents, the drive coil D.C. resistance is 2 Ω, establishes about 2 Ω of internal resistance of power amplifier, considers that working band low side and high-end impedance differ more than 4 times, so driving power is at least 10VA, and maximum 35VA.
The overall dimension of artificial scalp (21) meets the head height in the table 1, an overall height, average head footpath, an arc equidimension.The skull overall dimension of driver part (20) cooperates with artificial scalp (21) internal diameter.
Several head dummy dimensional units of table 1.: cm
Annotate: refer to IEC SC29C(Secretariat) 43-1982
Artificial scalp (21) is a kind of rubber assembly, is that the crust of matrix and silicon rubber that thickness is 3.2 millimeters are gluing the forming of endothelium of matrix by the nitrile rubber of 3.8 millimeters thick promptly.The skull of this rubber assembly and driver part (20) should meet the requirement of the mechanical impedance property curve block diagram of Fig. 4 with the bonding later impedance operator of silicon pressure sensitive adhesive.
Driver part (20) is that duralumin, hard alumin ium alloy is made, and the piezoelectric crystal accelerometer (10) of a lead zirconate titanate is installed at its calvarium inwall center, is connected with the M5 screw between this accelerometer and calvarium.
2. the method for simulation exciting force characteristic designs, makes the method for simulator signal source (2) exactly.The drive circuit (5) that language noise source (4) among Fig. 2 and compensation and amplifying circuit constitute is exactly to design in order to simulate the exciting force characteristic.
Because the language average frequency spectrum has the character of quasi continuous spectrum, pink noise signal is a kind of continuous spectra signal, and is the most suitable as the pumping signal of simulation language spectrum with it.Selecting the bandwidth of pink noise signal for use according to the effective bandwidth of bone conduction language spectrum is 200～2500Hz.
For the natural frequency response and the manually impedance matching of scalp that makes skull, guarantee that desired value that calvarium surface produces bone conduction language spectrum as shown in Figure 5, before power amplification,, the exciting force characteristic that drives skull is adjusted with two high pass filters and the compensating network that low pass filter is formed.
When external sinusoidal signal was imported, bandwidth constraints was at 150～6300Hz, and the output of the maximum of power amplifier reaches 40VA.
Piezoelectric accelerometer (10) is a monitoring exciting force characteristic, and its output is the electronic switch by calibration circuit (6), enters high impedance, low-noise preamplifier.Amplification, rectification, the detection of passing through gauge outfit circuit (7) are again shown the numerical value of exciting force by newton's table.It is that reference table 2 is formulated that the circular graduation of newton's table is divided.Table 2 be according to 12 people's forehead, the crown (6 men,
The give orders or instructions mean value of sound level, acceleration, exciting force of the single people of table 2
1. sound pressure level: measuring distance is apart from lip 25cm.
Illustrate that 2. exciting strength joint cranium heavily calculates for 3.85cg.
3. be effective value.
6 woman) the language average acceleration of single people's speech of recording of position such as calculates the exciting force of corresponding site skull, divides following Pyatyi from engineering viewpoint again:
〈 ﹠﹠〉the corresponding acceleration of 0.5N is 0.13ms
-2;
1.0N corresponding acceleration is 0.26ms
-2;
2.0N corresponding acceleration is 0.52ms
-2;
3.0N corresponding acceleration is 0.78ms
-2;
4.0N corresponding acceleration is 1.0ms
-2;
Test result also shows, behind the cheekbone acceleration of sincere feeling roughly in the number range on the forehead and the crown, cheek acceleration ratio forehead high 10 times.The 4N does not here indicate it is as the tripping protection value on scale.
The output that is installed in tested bone-conduction microphone between the calvarium of static pressure indicating device (3) and mechanical impedance simulator (1) or communication cap is through the prestage of input (16) to measuring circuit (8).Instruments such as the available external level recorder of measuring junction (17) connect, and carry out measurement of technical parameter.Also can directly read the output voltage of bone-conduction microphone from millivoltmeter (11).Monitoring amplifier (9) is the power amplifier of 2VA, can pass through output (18) external loudspeaker and monitor.
The present invention also has cut-off protection circuit.When too big by input (18) input outer signal; when newton's table (12) indication exceeds 4N; gauge outfit circuit (17) feeds back a voltage and automatically the input signal of drive circuit (5) is disconnected, and reaches the purpose of protection drive circuit (5) and mechanical impedance simulator (1).
Convenient for using with maintenance, the present invention has pink noise output (13) and head frequency response inspection end (14).
Static pressure indicating device (3) is made of demountable metal frame and spring dynamometry indicating device.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of by number of people mechanical impedance simulator (1), static pressure indicating device (3) and language noise source (4), drive circuit (5) and auxiliary circuit (6), (7), (8), (9), (11), (12) the simulator signal source (2) of Zu Chenging, the human head vibration simulator that constitutes, it is characterized by language noise source (4), drive circuit (5) can encourage the calvarium of number of people mechanical impedance simulator (1) to produce the bone conduction language acceleration average frequency spectrum similar to number of people forehead (being called for short bone conduction language spectrum), the characteristics of this language spectrum are in bandwidth is 200～2500Hz scope, and low side: 200～280Hz rate of rise is+3dB; Fluctuating ± 2dB of intermediate frequency: 280～580Hz, 580～1250Hz descending slope are that the fluctuating of 6dB, 1250～1600Hz is ± 2/0dB that high-end: 1600～2500Hz descending slope is 4dB.
2, be by magnetic circuit component (19) by the described number of people mechanical impedance of claim 1 simulator (1), driver part (20), artificial scalp (21) is formed.Driver part weight is 3.3～3.8Kg, and the single order resonance frequency is 45～80Hz, and the second order resonance frequency is 7～12KHz.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN86107182.4A CN1006114B (en) | 1986-10-20 | 1986-10-20 | Human head simulating vibration instrument |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN86107182.4A CN1006114B (en) | 1986-10-20 | 1986-10-20 | Human head simulating vibration instrument |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN86107182A CN86107182A (en) | 1987-04-22 |
| CN1006114B true CN1006114B (en) | 1989-12-13 |
Family
ID=4803499
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN86107182.4A Expired CN1006114B (en) | 1986-10-20 | 1986-10-20 | Human head simulating vibration instrument |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1006114B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107172559B (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2019-11-05 | 长安大学 | A kind of vibration bionic mechanical head earphone test macro and control method |
| JP2023543764A (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2023-10-18 | シェンツェン・ショックス・カンパニー・リミテッド | How to optimize the operating state of bone conduction earphones |
-
1986
- 1986-10-20 CN CN86107182.4A patent/CN1006114B/en not_active Expired
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN86107182A (en) | 1987-04-22 |
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