CN100585229C - Transmission mechanism of integral power shift hydraulic transmission for engineering machinery - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a transmission mechanism of integrated dynamic gear hydraulic transmissions used for engineering machine, which is comprised of a single-stage single-phase radial inflow hydraulic torque converter and a dynamic gear fixed-axis type speed transform, the hydraulic torque converter is arranged on the front of the speed transform, the dynamic gear fixed-axis type speed transform comprises a weigh bar shaft paralleled with axes, a second shaft, a third shaft, an output shaft and an input shaft clutch parts arranged on the input shaft, a reversing gear connected rotationally on the weigh bar shaft, a second shaft clutch parts arranged on the second shaft, a first transmission gear fixed on the second shaft, a third shaft clutch parts arranged on the third shaft, a second transmission gear and a third transmission gear fixed on the third shaft, and an output gear fixed on the output shaft. The transmission mechanism not only forms transmission chain with four-stage speed on front and back, but also makes the structure of transmissions is reasonable and compact, the transmission torque is large, and the service life is long, also, the present invention is easy to assemble and disassemble, and convenient to maintain.

Description

The engineering machinery driving mechanism of integral power shift hydraulic speed changer

Technical field

The present invention relates to the parts of the integral power shift hydraulic speed changer that a kind of engineering machinery uses, adopt the moment of torsion of certain rotating speed that the integral power shift hydraulic speed changer of these parts can pass over motor to carry out the conversion of speed and moment of torsion.

Background technique

Engineering machinery such as existing loader, grader when its engine operation, need to realize by speed change gear the output of its main power.And the integral power shift hydraulic speed changer is meant the speed changer that hydraulic pitch device and power shfit counter shaft speed change gear are combined.The input shaft of the output shaft of hydraulic pitch device and power shfit counter shaft speed change gear is a same axis.

Chinese patent literature CN2599318U discloses a kind of transmission of power fluid power speed changer that can realize preceding rear bridge driven, on structural type, mainly form by fluid torque converter and Powershift transmission, the multi-disc friction lamella clutch of hydraulic control is controlled the conversion of gear, promptly when the control that each clutch separated accordingly and engage, can carry out the control (control that vehicle is advanced or retreats just) of sense of rotation and rotating speed that advances or the rotating speed that retreats are controlled output shaft.The quantity of the axle of this torque converter is more, when carrying out transmission, realize that the form of Transmitted chains of different gears is also comparatively complicated, thereby transmission efficiency is lower.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of simple in structure, use in transmission efficiency higher, can realize preceding four backs four speed of a motor vehicle engineering machinery with the driving mechanism of integral power shift hydraulic speed changer.

The technological scheme that realizes the object of the invention is: the driving mechanism of the integral power shift hydraulic speed changer that engineering machinery of the present invention is used has the speed change gear of hydraulic pitch device and power shfit fixed shaft type; The input shaft of speed change gear also is the pto of hydraulic pitch device; It is characterized in that: also have left box body and right case; Left box body and right case are fixed together and constitute casing;

Speed change gear also has reversing shaft, second, the 3rd and output shaft; Reversing shaft is fixed on the left box body; Input shaft, second, the 3rd and output shaft are supported on the casing by bearing separately, and the axis of each parallels; Speed change gear also has the input shaft clutch part that is arranged on the input shaft, be rotatably connected on tumbler gear on the reversing shaft, be arranged on second clutch part on second, be fixed on first driving gear on second, be arranged on the 3rd clutch part on the 3rd, be fixed on second driving gear and the 3rd driving gear on the 3rd, be fixed on the output gear on the output shaft;

The input shaft clutch part has forward gear clutch and retreats a grade clutch; Second clutch part has one grade of clutch and third gear clutch; The 3rd clutch part has second gear clutch and fourth gear clutch; Above-mentioned each clutch is multi-disc wet clutch, and each clutch all mainly comprises cylinder body, the gear ring that is provided with internal spline, friction pair assembly, has the clutch gear of external splines and compresses segregating unit; The cylinder body that is arranged on two clutches on the same axis is an integral piece, according to the different clutch parts at place, is called front and back crosspiece cylinder body, a third gear cylinder body and two fourth gear cylinder bodies, and a third gear cylinder body and two fourth gear cylinder bodies also respectively are cylinder body gears; Each cylinder body all has 2 piston cavity and piston cavity oil duct and pressure release aperture, and the inside that is provided with the axle of clutch then has corresponding clutch oil duct;

The gear ring and the cylinder body of each clutch are fixed together; The friction pair assembly has rotating plate group and friction plate group, and the friction plate of the rotating plate of rotating plate group and friction plate group is interlaced arranged; Each rotating plate of rotating plate group all has external splines, and the rotating plate group is meshed with the internal spline of gear ring by the external splines of its each rotating plate; Each friction plate of friction plate group all has internal spline, and the friction plate group is meshed with the external splines of the body of clutch gear by the internal spline of its each friction plate; Each clutch gear is supported on the axle at place separately by bearing; Compress segregating unit and have baffle plate, back-up ring and piston; Baffle plate is arranged on the axial outer end portion of gear ring and is positioned at gear ring, and back-up ring is arranged on the gear ring and is positioned at the axial outside of baffle plate, and piston is arranged in the piston cavity of cylinder body; The axial inner ends face of baffle plate contacts with the axial outer side plane of friction pair assembly, and the axial inner side plane of friction pair assembly contacts with the exterior edge face of piston;

One third gear cylinder body gear often meshes with forward gear clutch gear and fourth gear clutch gear simultaneously; Tumbler gear simultaneously with retreat grade clutch gear and first driving gear often meshes, first driving gear often meshes with the second gear clutch gear again simultaneously; One grade of clutch gear and two fourth gear cylinder body gears often mesh; The third gear clutch gear and second driving gear often mesh; The 3rd driving gear and output gear often mesh.

The friction pair assembly of above-mentioned each clutch also has the wavy spring group; The ring waveform spring of wavy spring group and the rotating plate of rotating plate group are interlaced arranged, and each ring waveform spring and adjacent two rotating plate Elastic Contact; Each rotating plate is a steel disc, and each friction plate is a paper-base friction wafer.

The gear ring of above-mentioned forward gear clutch is an integral piece with the gear ring that retreats grade clutch, can be described as the front and back crosspiece gear ring; The middle part of front and back crosspiece gear ring has internal spline, and the front and back crosspiece cylinder body has external splines; The front and back crosspiece gear ring is meshed by the external splines of its internal spline with the front and back crosspiece cylinder body, be arranged on the front and back crosspiece gear ring the hole with back-up ring axially the front and back crosspiece cylinder body has been carried out spacing, thereby front and back crosspiece gear ring and front and back crosspiece cylinder body are fixed together.

The gear ring of above-mentioned one grade of clutch is weldingly fixed on the third gear cylinder body and is positioned at the cylinder body left side, and the gear ring of third gear clutch is weldingly fixed on the third gear cylinder body and is positioned at the cylinder body right side.

The gear ring of above-mentioned second gear clutch is weldingly fixed on the two fourth gear cylinder bodies and is positioned at the cylinder body left side, and the gear ring of fourth gear clutch is weldingly fixed on the two fourth gear cylinder bodies and is positioned at the cylinder body right side.

This driving mechanism also has output flange, and output flange has 2, and they are the back output flanges that are fixed on the preceding output flange of output shaft front end and are fixed on the output shaft rear end.

Under the ingear state of friction pair assembly of above-mentioned forward gear clutch, and the friction pair assembly of the also ingear state of friction pair assembly of a grade of clutch, second gear clutch, third gear clutch or fourth gear clutch and all the other clutches is when being in the state of separation, then makes driving mechanism form the Transmitted chains of exportable advance a grade, the second gear that advances, the third gear of advancing or the fourth speed of advancing; Retreating under the ingear state of friction pair assembly of grade clutch, and the friction pair assembly of the also ingear state of friction pair assembly of a grade of clutch, second gear clutch, third gear clutch or fourth gear clutch and all the other clutches is when being in the state of separation, then makes driving mechanism form exportable slow astern shelves, retreats second gear, retreats third gear or retreats the Transmitted chains of fourth speed.

This driving mechanism also has stop device; Stop device is installed on left box body and the output shaft.

The axle and the output shaft of stop device are the same axis, and stop device also has supporting base, braking housing, drag friction subcomponent, axle sleeve and braking and compresses segregating unit;

The supporting base of above-mentioned stop device has opening stage clip chamber left, and supporting base is fixedly connected on the left box body; Output shaft is supported on the supporting base by the bearing that is arranged on its left part, is supported on the left box body by the bearing that is arranged on its right part; The braking housing that has internal spline has opening piston cavity to the right, and the drag housing body is positioned at the left side of supporting base and is fixedly connected on the left box body; The axle sleeve that has external splines is fixed on the output shaft; The drag friction subcomponent comprises rotating plate group, friction plate group and wavy spring group; The friction plate of the rotating plate of rotating plate group and friction plate group is interlaced arranged, and the rotating plate ripple of rotating plate group and the ring waveform spring of shape cluster spring also are interlaced arranged, and each ring waveform spring and two adjacent rotating plate Elastic Contact; Each rotating plate of rotating plate group all has external splines, and each friction plate of friction plate group all has internal spline; Each rotating plate is a steel disc, and each friction plate is a paper-base friction wafer; The friction plate group is meshed with the external splines of axle sleeve by the internal spline of its each friction plate, and the rotating plate group is meshed with the internal spline of braking housing by the external splines of its each rotating plate;

The braking of above-mentioned stop device compresses segregating unit and has baffle plate, left back-up ring, brake piston and braking stage clip; Baffle plate is arranged on braking housing left end and is positioned at the braking housing, and left back-up ring is arranged on the braking housing and is positioned at the left side of baffle plate, and the braking stage clip is arranged in the stage clip chamber of supporting base; Brake piston is the integral piece that the small circle ring cylinder and the large circle cylinder of coaxial line is connected as a single entity by annular connecting plate, and the large circle cylinder is positioned at the periphery of small circle ring cylinder; The left part of the large circle cylinder of brake piston is arranged in the opening piston cavity to the right of braking housing.

The right side of the baffle plate of above-mentioned stop device contacts with the plane, left side of drag friction subcomponent, the plane, right side of drag friction subcomponent contacts with the left side of the small circle ring cylinder of brake piston, the right side of brake piston overcomes the elastic force of the ring waveform spring in the drag friction subcomponent and makes the drag friction subcomponent be in engagement with braking stage clip Elastic Contact mutually, the elastic force of braking stage clip.

Above-mentioned braking stage clip has 3 to 5 groups for combination stage clip, combination stage clip, and every group of combination stage clip has the different cylinder stage clip of two diameters and be made up of outside the small column stage clip the big column compression spring sleeve.

The present invention has positive effect: (1) the present invention compactness rational in infrastructure, volume is little, and is in light weight, using scope is wide, the transmission efficiency height, the reliability height, can realize preceding four the back fourth gear the speed of a motor vehicle.(2) structure of the present invention makes and retreats easy realization fast.(3) when the present invention also has stop device, stop device is installed on the left box body and output shaft of speed changer, can be so that more direct and reliable to the braking of stopping, and can when car load is carried out layout, bigger space be arranged.(4) when this stop device is normal braking type braking device, help energy saving.(5) in each clutch of speed change gear of the present invention and the friction pair assembly in the stop device adopt wavy spring, because its distortion is little, thrust is even, rotating plate is separated rapidly and thoroughly with friction plate, make gap control between them in preferable scope.(6) formation of the Transmitted chains of transferring power of the present invention is regular strong, provides possibility for obtaining the higher speed changer of electromechanicsization one degree.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the A-A cross-sectional schematic of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the B-B cross-sectional schematic of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is the C-C cross-sectional schematic of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the major component of the torque converter among Fig. 2;

Fig. 6-1 is for the forward gear clutch among Fig. 2 and retreat the structure of grade clutch and they are installed in structural representation on the input shaft;

Fig. 6-2 is the enlarged diagram at the I place of Fig. 6-1;

Fig. 7 is installed in structural representation on the 3rd for the structure of second gear clutch among Fig. 2 and fourth gear clutch and they;

Fig. 8 is arranged on schematic representation on left box body and the output shaft for the structure of stop device among Fig. 2 and stop device;

Fig. 9 is the transmission principle figure of driving mechanism shown in Figure 2;

Figure 10 is the transmission principle figure when observing from Fig. 9 left side.

Embodiment

(embodiment 1)

See Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the driving mechanism of the integral power shift hydraulic speed changer of present embodiment has the speed change gear 5 of left box body 6, right case 2, hydraulic pitch device 1 and power shfit fixed shaft type.Left box body 6 is fixed together with right case 2 and constitutes casing.

See Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, hydraulic pitch device 1 is the single-phase radial inflow hydraulic pitch device of single-stage, has pump impeller 1-1, guide wheel 1-2, turbine 1-3, pump case 1-4, wheel stand 1-5, turbine seat 1-6, pump impeller gear 1-7, pump case gear 1-41, first power takeoff 3, second power takeoff 12 and pto 17.This pto 17 is the same axises with the input shaft 17 of speed change gear 5.

See Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, the left end of input shaft 17 is supported on the left box body 6 by bearing, and the stage casing of input shaft 17 is supported on the right case 2 by bearing, thereby input shaft 17 can rotate with respect to casing; The turbine seat 1-6 of hydraulic pitch device 1 is fixed on the right-hand member of input shaft 17, and turbine 1-3 is bolted to connection on turbine seat 1-6, also is provided with turbine seat bearing 1-8 on the turbine seat 1-6 and turbine seat bearing 1-8 is fixed on the turbine seat 1-6 by its inner ring.Wheel stand 1-5 is bolted to connection on right case 2, and wheel stand 1-5 is enclosed within outside the input shaft 17, does not contact with input shaft 17; Wheel stand 1-5 is provided with wheel stand bearing 1-9 and wheel stand bearing 1-9 is fixed on the wheel stand 1-5 by its inner ring.Guide wheel 1-2 is connected with wheel stand 1-5 spline by involute inner spline and is spacing in the axial direction by shaft block ring; Pump impeller gear 1-7, pump impeller 1-1 and pump case 1-4 successively by bolt be fixed together in twos form as a whole, this whole left part is fixed on the outer ring of bearing 1-9 simultaneously by pump impeller gear 1-7 and pump impeller 1-1, thereby be rotatably connected on the wheel stand 1-5, this whole right part is fixed on the outer ring of bearing 1-8 by pump case 1-4, thereby is rotatably connected on the turbine seat 1-6.Pump case 1-4 has pump case gear 1-41, and (Fig. 9) is meshed with external toothing 51 on the engine flywheel when pump case gear 1-41 uses.

See Fig. 5 and Fig. 9, the power of motor output successively through engine flywheel, be fixedly connected on the external toothing 51 on the engine flywheel after, and be delivered to pump case gear 1-41 with the pump case 1-4 of the torque converter 1 of this external toothing 51 engagements.Along with the rotation of pump case gear 1-41, the pump impeller 1-1 and the pump impeller gear 1-7 that are linked to be an integral body with pump case 1-4 together rotate around turbine seat 1-6 and wheel stand 1-5 by bearing 1-8,1-9.

See Figure 10 and Fig. 9, two satellite gears that the rotation of pump impeller gear 1-7 then drives with its engagement together rotate, and one of them satellite gear 3-1 belongs to first power takeoff 3, and another satellite gear 12-1 belongs to second power takeoff 12.First power takeoff 3 has the axle sleeve 3-2 as the power taking mouth, and axle sleeve 3-2 is rotatably connected on the right case 2 by 2 bearings, and satellite gear 3-1 is enclosed within outside the axle sleeve 3-2 and is fixed on the axle sleeve 3-2.After the input shaft of oil pump was fixed in the axle sleeve, gear 3-1 obtained moment of rotation via satellite; The input shaft that is fixed on the axle sleeve 3-2 can drive speed transmission hydraulic-pressure pump and speed changer lubricant pump 4 (Fig. 2), and the input shaft that is fixed on second power takeoff 12 can drive work system oil hydraulic pump (Fig. 3).

See Fig. 5 and Fig. 2, the rotation of pump impeller 1-1 then makes the working oil that is in the torque converter 1 form liquid stream under the drive of pump impeller blade 1-11, this liquid stream flows through turbine 1-3 by behind the wheel body and the formed runner of guide vane 1-21 of guide wheel under the guiding of turbine blade 1-31.When flowing through turbine blade 1-31, working oil also hydrodynamic is passed to turbine 1-3, and turbine 1-3 is rotated along the direction identical with pump impeller 1-1 sense of rotation, rotation along with turbine 1-3, turbine seat 1-6 drives input shaft 17 and together rotates, thereby will pass to speed change gear 5 by input shaft 17 from the moving power of motor.

See Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, speed change gear 5 also has reversing shaft 37, second 22, the 3rd 34 and output shaft 27.Reversing shaft 37 is fixed on the left box body 6 with the form of cantilevered axle.Second 22 and the 3rd 34 left end is supported on the left box body 6 by bearing, and second 22 and the 3rd 34 right-hand member is supported on the right case 2 by bearing, thereby second 22 and the 3rd 34 can be rotated with respect to casing.Output shaft 27 is supported on the left box body 6 by 2 bearings, and can rotate with respect to left box body 6.The axis of input shaft 17, second 22, the 3rd 34 and output shaft 27 parallels.

Speed change gear 5 also has the input shaft clutch part 7 that is arranged on the input shaft 17, is arranged on the reversing shaft parts 11 on the reversing shaft 37, is arranged on second clutch part 8 on second 22, is fixed on first driving gear 23 on second 22, is arranged on the 3rd clutch part 9 on the 3rd 34, is fixed on second driving gear 36 and the 3rd driving gear 24 on the 3rd 34, is arranged on the output shaft assembly 10 on the output shaft 27; The inside that is provided with the axle of clutch component then has corresponding clutch oil duct.

See Fig. 2 and Fig. 6-1, input shaft clutch part 7 has forward gear clutch 14 and is multi-disc wet clutch with retreating grade clutch 15 forward gear clutchs 14 and retreating grade clutch 15, all have cylinder body, have gear ring 14-2, friction pair assembly, the clutch gear of internal spline and compress segregating unit, compress segregating unit and have piston 14-7, baffle plate 14-8 and back-up ring 14-9.

The cylinder body of two clutches is an integral piece, so can be described as front and back crosspiece cylinder body 14-1; The gear ring of two clutches is an integral piece also, so can be described as front and back crosspiece gear ring 14-2; The friction pair assembly of forward gear clutch 14 with retreat the separate setting of friction pair assembly of grade clutch 15, so can be called forward gears friction pair assembly and retreat a grade friction pair assembly; The clutch gear of forward gear clutch 14 with retreat the separate setting of clutch gear of grade clutch 15, so can be called forward gear clutch gear 13 and retreat grade clutch gear 16; The piston that compresses segregating unit of forward gear clutch 14 with retreat the separate setting of the piston that compresses segregating unit of grade clutch 15, so can be called forward gears piston 14-7-1 and retreat a grade piston 14-7-2; The baffle plate that compresses segregating unit of forward gear clutch 14 with retreat the separate setting of the baffle plate that compresses segregating unit of grade clutch 15, so can be called forward gears baffle plate 14-8-1 and retreat a grade baffle plate 14-8-2; The back-up ring that compresses segregating unit of forward gear clutch 14 with retreat the separate setting of the back-up ring that compresses segregating unit of grade clutch 15, so can be called forward gears back-up ring 14-9-1 and retreat a grade back-up ring 14-9-2.

Front and back crosspiece cylinder body 14-1 is fixed on the input shaft 17 by interference fit; Front and back crosspiece cylinder body 14-1 has and is positioned at laterally axial external splines of week, be provided with the sectional shape of 2 openings towards the axial outside and be annular piston cavity, they are to be used to place the forward gears piston cavity of forward gears piston 14-7-1 and to be used to place grade piston cavity that retreats that retreats grade piston 14-7-2; Front and back crosspiece cylinder body 14-1 also is provided with the forward gears piston oil duct 15-1 that communicates with the forward gears piston cavity, also be provided with and communicate with the forward gears piston cavity and lead to the outer pressure release aperture 15-3 of cylinder body, the forward gears piston oil duct 15-1 wherein and the forward gear clutch oil duct 17-1 of input shaft 17 are connected; Front and back crosspiece cylinder body 14-1 also is provided with and retreats grade piston oil duct 15-2 that retreats that grade piston cavity communicates, also be provided with and retreat that grade piston cavity communicates and lead to the outer pressure release aperture 15-4 of cylinder body, grade clutch oil duct 17-2 that retreats that retreats grade piston oil duct 15-2 and input shaft 17 wherein is connected.

Front and back crosspiece gear ring 14-2 also is provided with the forward gears internal spline that is positioned at right part, be positioned at the cylinder body internal spline at middle part and be positioned at the internal spline that retreats of left part.Front and back crosspiece gear ring 14-2 is enclosed within outside the front and back crosspiece cylinder body 14-1, and be meshed by the external splines of its internal spline with front and back crosspiece cylinder body 14-1, thereby both are upwards spacing mutually in week, be arranged on the front and back crosspiece gear ring 14-2 the hole with back-up ring axially front and back crosspiece cylinder body 14-1 has been carried out spacing, thereby front and back crosspiece gear ring 14-2 and front and back crosspiece cylinder body 14-1 are fixed together.

Forward gears friction pair assembly and retreat a grade friction pair assembly and all have rotating plate group, friction plate group and wavy spring group; The rotating plate 14-3 of rotating plate group and the friction plate 14-4 of friction plate group are interlaced arranged, the ring waveform spring 14-5 of the rotating plate 14-3 of rotating plate group and wavy spring group also is interlaced arranged, and the both sides of friction pair assembly are rotating plate 14-3; Be arranged on ring waveform spring 14-5 between the two adjacent rotating plate 14-3 be positioned at corresponding friction plate 14-4 periphery and with two adjacent rotating plate 14-3 Elastic Contact.Each rotating plate 14-3 of rotating plate group all has external splines, and each friction plate 14-4 of friction plate group all has internal spline.

See Fig. 6-2, each rotating plate 14-3 is a steel disc, and each friction plate 14-4 is a paper-base friction wafer, and the resiliently deformable direction of each ring waveform spring is axial.

See Fig. 6-1, the rotating plate group of forward gears friction pair assembly is meshed with the internal spline that is positioned at right part of front and back crosspiece gear ring 14-2 by the external splines of its each rotating plate 14-3, thereby this rotating plate group and front and back crosspiece gear ring 14-2 are upwards spacing mutually in week, and this rotating plate group can be slided with respect to the front and back crosspiece gear ring in the axial direction; The rotating plate group that retreats grade friction pair assembly is meshed with the internal spline that is positioned at left part of front and back crosspiece gear ring 14-2 by the external splines of its each rotating plate 14-3, thereby this rotating plate group and front and back crosspiece gear ring 14-2 are upwards spacing mutually in week, and this rotating plate group can be slided with respect to the front and back crosspiece gear ring in the axial direction.

Forward gear clutch gear 13 and retreat on the body 14-6 of grade clutch gear 16 and all have external splines; The friction plate group of forward gears friction pair assembly is meshed with the external splines of the body 14-6-1 of forward gear clutch gear 13 by the internal spline of its each friction plate 14-4, thereby the body 14-6-1 of this friction plate group and forward gear clutch gear 13 is upwards spacing mutually in week, and this friction plate group can be in the axial direction slided with respect to the body 14-6-1 of forward gear clutch gear 13.The friction plate group that retreats grade friction pair assembly is meshed with the external splines of the body 14-6-2 that retreats grade clutch gear 16 by the internal spline of its each friction plate 14-4, thereby this friction plate group is upwards spacing mutually in week with the body 14-6-2 that retreats grade clutch gear 16, and this friction plate group can be slided with respect to the body 14-6-2 that retreats grade clutch gear 16 in the axial direction.

Forward gear clutch gear 13 is supported on the input shaft 17 by needle bearing and can rotates with respect to input shaft 17, and forward gear clutch gear 13 is limited in the axial direction.Retreat grade clutch gear 16 and be supported on the input shaft 17 by needle bearing and can rotate, and it is limited in the axial direction to retreat grade clutch gear 16 with respect to input shaft 17.The inside of input shaft 17 is provided with forward gear clutch oil duct 17-1 and retreats a grade clutch oil duct 17-2.

Forward gears piston 14-7-1 and retreat the retaining ring that grade piston 14-7-2 all has ring-type.Forward gears piston 14-7-1 is arranged in the forward gears piston cavity of front and back crosspiece cylinder body 14-1, and forward gears baffle plate 14-8-1 is arranged on the right part of front and back crosspiece gear ring 14-2 and is positioned at front and back crosspiece gear ring 14-2; Forward gears back-up ring 14-9-1 is the hole back-up ring, is arranged on the right side that front and back crosspiece gear ring 14-2 went up and be positioned at forward gears baffle plate 14-8-1, thereby on the right side forward gears baffle plate 14-8-1 is stopped.The plane, right side of the left side of forward gears baffle plate 14-8-1 and forward gears friction pair assembly is Elastic Contact mutually, the plane, left side of forward gears friction pair assembly and the right side Elastic Contact of forward gears piston, the back of forward gears piston 14-7-1 is towards the forward gears piston oil duct 15-1 of front and back crosspiece cylinder body 14-1.

Retreat grade piston 14-7-2 and be arranged on retreating in grade piston cavity of front and back crosspiece cylinder body 14-1, retreat grade baffle plate 14-8-2 and be arranged on the left part of front and back crosspiece gear ring 14-2 and be positioned at front and back crosspiece gear ring 14-2; Retreating a grade back-up ring 14-9-2 is the hole back-up ring, is arranged on the front and back crosspiece gear ring 14-2 and is positioned to retreat grade left side of baffle plate 14-8-2, thereby stop retreating a grade baffle plate 14-8-2 in the left side.Retreat grade right side of baffle plate 14-8-2 and the plane, left side that retreats grade friction pair assembly Elastic Contact mutually, the plane, right side that retreats grade friction pair assembly with retreat grade left side of piston 14-7-2 Elastic Contact mutually, retreat the retreat grade piston oil duct 15-2 of grade back of piston 14-7-2 towards front and back crosspiece cylinder body 14-1.

Though be forward gear clutch 14 the friction pair assembly, or the friction pair assembly that retreats grade clutch 15 is under the state of " separation ", when input shaft 17 rotates, the front and back crosspiece gear ring 14-2 that is fixed on the front and back crosspiece cylinder body 14-1 on the input shaft 17 and is fixed together with front and back crosspiece cylinder body 14-1 is along with rotating, at each rotating plate 14-3 of the rotating plate group of 2 friction pair assemblies that upwards are meshed in week with the internal spline of front and back crosspiece gear ring 14-2 then because of upwards limited, so together rotate in company with input shaft 17 in week.Because this moment the rotating plate group each adjacent rotating plate 14-3 and the corresponding friction plate 14-4 that is clipped in wherein between be in " from " state, so the state of friction plate group is not subjected to the influence of the rotation of rotating plate group, still keep the not state of transferring power, thereby make the input shaft clutch part 7 that is arranged on the input shaft 17 be in the not state of transferring power.

Behind engine start, motive force is passed to torque converter 1, torque converter 1 passes to speed change gear 5 with power by pto 17 (input shaft of speed change gear) on the one hand, the front and back crosspiece gear ring 14-2 that makes the front and back crosspiece cylinder body 14-1 that is fixed on the input shaft 17, is fixed together with front and back crosspiece cylinder body 14-1, is carried out the rotating plate group of spacing friction pair assembly along with rotating by front and back crosspiece gear ring 14-2 on circumferentially; Torque converter 1 makes hydraulic-pressure pump start the hydraulic work system that makes speed change gear 5 by first power takeoff 3 on the other hand.

In operator push forward the gear position operation bar gear one or when retreating in the gear one, the control circuit that links to each other with operating stem is then controlled the corresponding solenoid valve conducting, and then the conducting of the oil circuit valve in the control transmission pressure oil circuit is with closed, thereby make hydraulic oil flow to corresponding clutch, and make the state of the friction pair assembly of this or these clutch become " engagement " by " separation ", thereby in speed change gear 5, form the Transmitted chains of corresponding gear, and export the torque of certain orientations and rotating speed by its output shaft 27.

When if the above-mentioned friction pair assembly that becomes " engagement " by " separation " belongs to forward gear clutch 14, then in the rotation of input shaft 17, after hydraulic oil flows into the forward gear clutch oil duct 17-1 of input shaft 17, pass through the forward gears piston oil duct 15-1 of front and back crosspiece cylinder body 14-1 again and flow into the forward gears piston cavity, thereby 14-7-1 exerts pressure to the forward gears piston, make it to overcome the elastic force of each ring waveform spring 14-5 of wavy spring group, and with the rotating plate group of forward gears friction pair assembly be sandwiched in each friction plate 14-5 in the middle of their and compress mutually and mesh together (, not influencing promotion) forward gears piston 14-7-1 though the existence of pressure release aperture 15-3 can reduce the pressure of hydraulic oil.At this moment, the friction pair assembly is in engagement, the friction plate group is followed the rotating plate group and is together rotated under the effect of stiction, and then the friction plate group drive week upwards mutually the body 14-6-1 of spacing forward gear clutch gear 13 together rotate thereupon, the rotation of the body 14-6-1 of forward gear clutch gear 13 then makes forward gear clutch gear 13 with transmission of power to the second clutch part 8 simultaneously.

If want the pairing Transmitted chains of gear of speed change gear 5 formation and gear position operation bar, and when needing the friction pair assembly of forward gear clutch 14 to become " separation " by " engagement " this moment, the hydraulic oil channel that then flows to forward gear clutch 14 is by corresponding valve closing, it is outer mobile and enter the lower lubricant oil oil circuit of oil pressure to stay the hydraulic oil of valve to the oil circuit of the forward gears piston cavity of forward gear clutch 14 because of the existence of pressure release aperture 15-3 and continue forwards, backwards shelves cylinder body 14-1, till oil pressure in the forward gears piston cavity is identical with oil pressure in the lubricant oil oil circuit, thereby realized pressure release to hydraulic oil in the forward gears piston cavity.At this moment, forward gears friction pair assembly is under the elastic force effect of its each ring waveform spring 14-5, grade piston 14-7-1 that marches forward exerts pressure and makes it to move to left and forward gears friction pair assembly is unclamped, at this moment, each friction plate 14-4 no longer together rotates with rotating plate 14-3, forward gear clutch gear 13 also no longer transferring power give second clutch part 8.When forward gears piston 14-7-1 is moved to the left its retaining ring and contacts with front and back crosspiece cylinder body 14-1 under the elastic force effect of forward gears friction pair assembly, no longer move to left because of being obstructed.

In like manner, when if the friction pair assembly of wanting speed change gear formation need retreat grade clutch 15 with the pairing Transmitted chains of the gear of gear position operation bar becomes " engagement " by " separation ", then retreat grade clutch 15 under the state of its friction pair assembly " engagement ", to be retreated grade clutch gear 16 by the friction pair component passes that retreats grade clutch 15 by the power that input shaft 17 transmits, be passed to reversing shaft parts 11 by retreating grade clutch gear 16 again; After if the friction pair assembly that retreats grade clutch becomes " separation " by " engagement ", the friction plate group that then retreats grade friction pair assembly is no longer followed the rotating plate group and is together rotated, and can not continue transferring power.

See Fig. 4, Fig. 9 and Figure 10, reversing shaft parts 11 have radial ball bearing 38 and tumbler gear 39; Radial ball bearing 38 is fixed on the reversing shaft 37 by its inner ring, and tumbler gear 39 is fixed on the outer ring of radial ball bearing 38; Tumbler gear 39 often meshes with grade clutch gear 16 that retreats of input shaft clutch part 7, also often meshes with first driving gear 23 of second clutch part 8 simultaneously.

The effect of reversing shaft parts 11 parts is: when the friction pair assembly that retreats grade clutch 15 becomes " engagement " by " separation ", give tumbler gear 39 by retreating grade clutch gear 16 with transmission of power, by tumbler gear 39 first driving gear 23 of power by second clutch part 8 passed to second 22 again.

At this moment, second 22 sense of rotation, direction of rotation of second 22 with the time by forward gear clutch gear 13 transferring power to the second spool clutch part 8.

See Fig. 2, Fig. 9 and Figure 10 and referring to Fig. 7, second clutch part 8 has one grade of clutch 20 and third gear clutch 21.

From a structural point, second clutch part 8 is basic identical with input shaft clutch part 7.Wherein, the structure of one grade of clutch 20 is basic identical with the structure that retreats grade clutch 15, the structure of the structure of third gear clutch 21 and forward gear clutch 14 is basic identical, wherein: the structure of one grade of clutch gear 40 is identical with the structure that retreats grade clutch gear 16, just on the number of teeth, difference can be arranged, and the structure of third gear clutch gear 19 is identical with the structure of forward gear clutch gear 13, also just on the number of teeth difference can be arranged.In addition and the front and back crosspiece cylinder body 14-1 of input shaft clutch part 7 and input shaft 17 interference fit be fixed together similarly, a third gear cylinder body of second clutch part 8 also is fixed together with second 22 interference fit at place; Have again, with the forward gear clutch gear 13 of input shaft clutch part 7 and retreat grade clutch gear 16 all the needle bearing by separately and input shaft 17 be rotationally connected and be limited in the axial direction similar, also all the needle bearing by separately and second 22 are rotationally connected and are limited in the axial direction for the third gear clutch gear 19 of second clutch part 8 and one grade of clutch gear 40.

Second clutch part 8 is with the difference of input shaft clutch part 7: though the cylinder body of a retaining clutch 20 of second clutch part 8 and the cylinder body of third gear clutch 21 also are integral pieces, and can be described as a third gear cylinder body, but, this cylinder body also plays the effect of a gear, therefore, again with a third gear cylinder body as a third gear cylinder body gear 18.In addition, the gear ring of two clutches is not an integral piece, but be weldingly fixed on the gear ring that is provided with internal spline of one grade of clutch 20 on the third gear cylinder body and be positioned at the cylinder body left side, be weldingly fixed on the gear ring that is provided with internal spline of third gear clutch 21 on the third gear cylinder body and be positioned at the cylinder body right side and an integrated member obtaining.

In addition, be provided with one grade of clutch oil duct and third gear clutch oil duct for second 22, the second 22 inside.

First driving gear 23 that is fixed on second 22 often meshes with the tumbler gear 39 of reversing shaft parts 11 and the second gear clutch gear 25 of the 3rd clutch part 9 simultaneously;

Two fourth gear cylinder body gears 33 of one grade of clutch gear 40 and the 3rd clutch part 9 often mesh;

One third gear cylinder body gear 18 often meshes with the forward gear clutch gear 13 of input shaft clutch part 7 and the fourth gear clutch gear 35 of the 3rd clutch part 9 simultaneously;

Third gear clutch gear 19 often meshes with second driving gear 36 that is fixed on the 3rd 24.

Whether the friction pair assembly of the retaining clutch 20 in second clutch part 8 and the friction pair assembly of third gear clutch 21 are also connected hydraulic oil by corresponding oil circuit and are determined that it is the state that is in " engagement ", still are in the state of " separation ".

See Fig. 2, Fig. 7, Fig. 9 and Figure 10, the 3rd clutch part 9 has second gear clutch 31 and fourth gear clutch 32.

From a structural point, the 3rd clutch part 9 and second clutch part 8 are basic identical.Wherein, the structure of second gear clutch 31 is identical with the structure of one grade of clutch 20, the structure of fourth gear clutch 32 is identical with the structure of third gear clutch 21, the structure of second gear clutch gear 25 wherein is identical with the structure of one grade of clutch gear 40, just on the number of teeth, difference can be arranged, and the structure of fourth gear clutch gear 35 is identical with the structure of third gear clutch gear 19, also just on the number of teeth difference can be arranged.Two fourth gear cylinder bodies of the 3rd clutch part 9 are also identical with a third gear cylinder body, so again can be with two fourth gear cylinder bodies as two fourth gear cylinder body gears 33.

In addition, the second gear clutch gear 25 of the 3rd clutch part 9 and the 3rd 34 annexation is similar in appearance to one grade of clutch gear 40 of second clutch part 8 and second 22 annexation, and difference is: the quantity difference of employed needle bearing.

Have again, the fourth gear clutch gear 35 of the 3rd clutch part 9 and the 3rd 34 annexation is similar in appearance to the third gear clutch gear 19 of second clutch part 8 and second 22 annexation, and difference is: the quantity difference of employed needle bearing.

In addition, be provided with second gear clutch oil duct 34-1 and fourth gear clutch oil duct 34-2 for the 3rd 34, the three 34 inside.

The output gear 29 that is fixed on the 3rd driving gear 24 and output shaft assembly 10 on the 3rd 34 often meshes.

Whether the friction pair assembly of two retaining clutches 31 in the 3rd clutch part 9 and the friction pair assembly of fourth gear clutch 32 are also connected hydraulic oil by corresponding oil circuit and are determined that it is the state that is in " engagement ", still are in the state of " separation ".

See Fig. 2, output shaft assembly 10 has output gear 29, preceding output flange 26 and back output flange 30; Output gear 29 is fixed on the output shaft 27; Preceding output flange 26 is fixed on the front end of output shaft 27, and back output flange 30 is fixed on the rear end of output shaft 27.

See Fig. 8 and Fig. 2, the driving mechanism of the speed changer of present embodiment also has stop device 28; Stop device 28 is installed on left box body 6 and the output shaft 27.The stop device 28 of present embodiment is normal braking type braking device.

See Fig. 8 and Fig. 2, the axle and the output shaft 27 of stop device 28 be the same axis, and stop device 28 also has supporting base 28-2, braking housing 28-1, drag friction subcomponent, axle sleeve 28-8, brake and compress segregating unit and brake removing device.

Supporting base 28-2 has opening stage clip chamber left, and supporting base 28-2 is fixedly connected on the left box body 6; Output shaft 27 is supported on the supporting base 28-2 by the bearing 28-14 that is arranged on its left part, be supported on the left box body 6 by the bearing 28-20 that is arranged on its right part, thereby output shaft 27 can rotate with respect to left box body 6; The braking housing 28-1 that has internal spline has opening piston cavity 28-10 to the right, and braking housing 28-1 is positioned at the left side of supporting base 28-2 and is fixedly connected on the left box body 6; The axle sleeve 28-8 that has an external splines is fixed on the output shaft 27 and is positioned at the centre of braking housing 28-1; The drag friction subcomponent comprises rotating plate group, friction plate group and wavy spring group; The rotating plate 28-4 of rotating plate group and the friction plate 28-5 of friction plate group are interlaced arranged, the ring waveform spring 28-7 of the rotating plate 28-4 of rotating plate group and wavy spring group also is interlaced arranged, and the both sides of friction pair assembly are rotating plate 28-4; Each ring waveform spring 28-7 be positioned at corresponding friction plate 28-5 periphery and with two adjacent rotating plate 28-4 Elastic Contact.Each rotating plate 28-4 of rotating plate group all has external splines, and the friction plate 28-5 of friction plate group all has internal spline; Each rotating plate 28-4 is a steel disc, and each friction plate 28-5 is a paper-base friction wafer; The resiliently deformable direction of each ring waveform spring 28-7 is axial; The friction plate group is meshed with the external splines of axle sleeve 28-8 by the internal spline of its each friction plate 28-5, thereby friction plate group and axle sleeve 28-8 are upwards spacing mutually in week, and the friction plate group can axially slided with respect to axle sleeve 28-8; The rotating plate group is meshed with the internal spline of braking housing 28-1 by the external splines of its each rotating plate 28-4, thereby the rotating plate group is upwards spacing mutually in week with braking housing 28-1, and the rotating plate group can axially slided with respect to braking housing 28-1;

Braking compresses segregating unit and has baffle plate 28-6, left back-up ring, brake piston 28-9 and braking stage clip 28-9.Baffle plate 28-6 is arranged on braking housing 28-1 left end and is positioned at braking housing 28-1, and left back-up ring is arranged on braking housing 28-1 and goes up and be positioned at the left side of baffle plate 28-6 and baffle plate 28-6 stopped braking stage clip 28-9 is arranged in the stage clip chamber of supporting base 28-2; Brake piston 28-3 is the integral piece that the small circle ring cylinder and the large circle cylinder of coaxial line is connected as a single entity by annular connecting plate, and the large circle cylinder is positioned at the periphery of small circle ring cylinder; The left part of the large circle cylinder of brake piston 28-3 is arranged in the opening piston cavity to the right of braking housing 28-1.

The right side of baffle plate 28-6 contacts with the plane, left side of drag friction subcomponent, the plane, right side of drag friction subcomponent contacts with the left side of the small circle ring cylinder of brake piston 28-3, the right side of brake piston 28-3 and braking stage clip 28-9 be Elastic Contact mutually, the elastic force of braking stage clip 28-9 overcome the elastic force of the ring waveform spring 28-7 in the drag friction subcomponent and the rotating plate group that makes the drag friction subcomponent be sandwiched in each friction plate 28-5 in the middle of their and compress mutually and mesh together; At this moment, the drag friction subcomponent is in engagement.

Braking stage clip 28-9 has 5 groups for combination stage clip, combination stage clip, and every group of combination stage clip 28-9 has the different cylinder stage clip of two diameters and be made up of outside the small column stage clip the big column compression spring sleeve.

Because this moment is for the rotating plate group of drag friction subcomponent, not only be in circumferential spacing state mutually with braking housing 28-1, and braking housing 28-1 is fixed on the left box body 6, and because of and the friction plate group of drag friction subcomponent between after axial compacted the engagement, there is bigger stiction between the radial surface of each rotating plate 28-4 and friction plate 28-5, and friction plate 28-5 can not be rotated, thereby being controlled at axle sleeve 28-8 circumferential and that the friction plate group is spacing mutually can not rotate, and then output shaft 27 feasible and that axle sleeve 28-8 is fixed together can not rotate, thereby the power that speed change gear 5 is passed over is cut off at drag friction subcomponent place, has realized the function of normal braking.

When needs speed change gear 5 passes through output shaft 27 or passes through the outside outputting power of output flange, under the state of engine start, the toggle of brake switch is dialled position to brake off, at this moment, the braking solenoid closure that control circuit control is often left, and hydraulic system is pressurizeed to the oil circuit of stopping brake, hydraulic oil enters among the piston cavity 28-10 of braking housing 28-1, hydraulic oil overcomes the elastic force of combination stage clip 28-9, large circle cylinder from the left side to brake piston 28-3 applies the pressure that moves right, make brake piston 28-3 overcome the elastic force of combination stage clip 28-9 and move right, rotating plate group in the drag friction subcomponent then when moving right under the effect of the elastic force of each ring waveform spring 28-7 and draw back distance between the adjacent rotating plate 28-4, thereby be separated with friction plate 28-5.The drag friction subcomponent of this moment then is in separated state, and each friction plate 28-5 can together rotate with output shaft 27, thereby makes outwards outputting power of output shaft 27.

If under this state, with the toggle of brake switch dial to the braking the position time, control circuit control brake solenoid valve conduction then, and make the stopping brake oil circuit by pressure release, make up then that stage clip 28-9 overcomes the elastic force of ring waveform spring 28-7 and the rotating plate group that makes the drag friction subcomponent with to be sandwiched in each friction plate 28-5 in the middle of their compacted and mesh together, thereby make speed change gear 5 get back to braking state.

The brake removing device of stop device 28 has 3 and removes bolt 28-12, and braking housing 28-1 also is provided with its piston cavity and communicates, and leads to 3 outer screws of housing; After each is removed bolt 28-12 and passes the end cap 28-11 that is fixedly connected on the braking housing 28-1, screw on corresponding 1 screw of braking housing 28-1, and the tail end of removing bolt 28-12 is aimed at the left side of the large circle cylinder of piston 28-3.

Do not work or because stopping brake is handled electric or problems such as oil path failure when motor, then need to remove stopping brake and carry out complete machine traction corresponding engineering machinery (as loader etc.), make it to run to place of safety.At this moment, remove bolt 28-12 by handling three, make three releasing bolt 28-12 hold out against brake piston 28-3, overcome the elastic force of cluster spring 28-9, and the rotating plate 28-4 of drag friction subcomponent is separated with friction plate 28-5, thereby make the stopping brake state of having removed.

See Fig. 9 and Figure 10, be at stop device 28 under the state of brake off that the process of the Transmitted chains of preceding four backs four of this driving mechanism realization is as follows:

Under the ingear state of friction pair assembly of forward gear clutch 14, and the friction pair assembly of the also ingear state of friction pair assembly of a grade of clutch 20, second gear clutch 31, third gear clutch 21 or fourth gear clutch 32 and all the other clutches is when being in the state of separation, thereby makes driving mechanism form the Transmitted chains of exportable advance a grade, the second gear that advances, the third gear of advancing or the fourth speed of advancing; Retreating under the ingear state of friction pair assembly of grade clutch 15, and the friction pair assembly of the also ingear state of friction pair assembly of a grade of clutch 20, second gear clutch 31, third gear clutch 21 or fourth gear clutch 32 and all the other clutches is when being in the state of separation, thereby makes driving mechanism form exportable slow astern shelves, retreats second gear, retreats third gear or retreat the Transmitted chains of the speed of fourth gear.Now be described in detail as follows:

All be in the state of " engagement " when the friction pair assemblies of the friction pair assembly of forward gear clutch 14 and two retaining clutches 31, and the friction pair assembly of remaining clutch is when being in separated state, the transmission of power of input is given the friction pair assembly of forward gear clutch 14 by input shaft 17, friction pair assembly by forward gear clutch 14 passes through forward gear clutch gear 13 successively with power again, one third gear cylinder body gear 18, second 22, first driving gear 23, the second gear clutch gear 25 of second gear clutch 31 and pass to the friction pair assembly of second gear clutch 31, again by the friction pair assembly of second gear clutch 31 with power successively through two fourth gear cylinder bodies, the 3rd 34, the 3rd driving gear 24, output gear 29 and pass to output shaft 27; Thereby the driving mechanism that makes speed changer forms the Transmitted chains of the exportable second speed that advances.

All be in the state of " engagement " when the friction pair assembly of friction pair assembly that retreats grade clutch 15 and two retaining clutches 31, and remaining clutch friction pair assembly when being in separated state, give the friction pair assembly that retreats grade clutch 15 by input shaft 17 with the transmission of power of input, by the friction pair assembly that retreats grade clutch 15 power process is successively retreated grade clutch gear 16 again, tumbler gear 39, first driving gear 23, the second gear clutch gear 25 of second gear clutch 31 and pass to the friction pair assembly of second gear clutch 31, again by the friction pair assembly of second gear clutch 31 with power successively through two fourth gear cylinder bodies, the 3rd 34, the 3rd driving gear 24, output gear 29 and pass to output shaft 27; Thereby the driving mechanism that makes speed changer forms the exportable Transmitted chains that retreats second speed.

All be in the state of " engagement " when the friction pair assemblies of the friction pair assembly of forward gear clutch 14 and four retaining clutches 32, and remaining clutch friction pair assembly when being in separated state, the transmission of power of input is given the friction pair assembly of forward gear clutch 14 by input shaft 17, friction pair assembly by forward gear clutch 14 passes through forward gear clutch gear 13 successively with power again, one third gear cylinder body gear 18, the fourth gear clutch gear 35 of fourth gear clutch 32 and be delivered to the friction pair assembly of fourth gear clutch 32, again by the friction pair assembly of fourth gear clutch 32 with power successively through two fourth gear cylinder bodies, the 3rd 34, the 3rd driving gear 24, output gear 29 and pass to output shaft 27; Thereby the driving mechanism that makes speed changer forms the Transmitted chains of the exportable fourth speed of advancing.

All be in the state of " engagement " when the friction pair assembly of friction pair assembly that retreats grade clutch 15 and four retaining clutches 32, and remaining clutch friction pair assembly when being in separated state, give the friction pair assembly that retreats grade clutch 15 by input shaft 17 with the transmission of power of input, by the friction pair assembly that retreats grade clutch 15 power process is successively retreated grade clutch gear 16 again, tumbler gear 39, first driving gear 23, second 22, one third gear cylinder body gear 18, the fourth gear clutch gear 35 of four retaining clutches 32 and pass to the friction pair assembly of fourth gear clutch 32, again by the friction pair assembly of fourth gear clutch 32 with power successively through two fourth gear cylinder bodies, the 3rd 34, the 3rd driving gear 24, output gear 29 and pass to output shaft 27; Thereby the driving mechanism that makes speed changer forms the exportable Transmitted chains that retreats fourth speed.

All be in the state of " engagement " when the friction pair assembly of the friction pair assembly of forward gear clutch 14 and a retaining clutch 20, and remaining clutch friction pair assembly when being in separated state, the transmission of power of input is given the friction pair assembly of forward gear clutch 14 by input shaft 17, friction pair assembly by forward gear clutch 14 passes through forward gear clutch gear 13 successively with power again, one third gear cylinder body gear 18 and pass to the friction pair assembly of one grade of clutch 20, again by the friction pair assembly of a retaining clutch 20 with power successively through one grade of clutch gear 40, two fourth gear cylinder body gears 33, the 3rd 34, the 3rd driving gear 24, output gear 29 and pass to output shaft 27; Thereby the driving mechanism that makes speed changer forms the Transmitted chains of the exportable first gear speed that advances.

All be in the state of " engagement " when the friction pair assembly of a friction pair assembly that retreats grade clutch 15 and a retaining clutch 20, and remaining clutch friction pair assembly when being in separated state, give the friction pair assembly that retreats grade clutch 15 by input shaft 17 with the transmission of power of input, by the friction pair assembly that retreats grade clutch 15 power process is successively retreated grade clutch gear 16 again, tumbler gear 39, first driving gear 23, second 22, one third gear cylinder body and pass to the friction pair assembly of one grade of clutch 20, again by the friction pair assembly of a retaining clutch 20 with power successively through one grade of clutch gear 40, two fourth gear cylinder body gears 33, the 3rd 34, the 3rd driving gear 24, output gear 29 and pass to output shaft 27; Thereby the driving mechanism that makes speed changer forms the exportable Transmitted chains that retreats first gear speed.

All be in the state of " engagement " when the friction pair assemblies of the friction pair assembly of forward gear clutch 14 and three retaining clutches 21, and the friction pair assembly of remaining clutch is when being in separated state, the transmission of power of input is given the friction pair assembly of forward gear clutch 14 by input shaft 17, friction pair assembly by forward gear clutch 14 passes through forward gear clutch gear 13 successively with power again, one third gear cylinder body gear 18 and pass to the friction pair assembly of third gear clutch 21, again by the friction pair assembly of third gear clutch 21 with power successively through third gear clutch gear 19, second driving gear 36, the 3rd 34, the 3rd driving gear 24, output gear 29 and pass to output shaft 27; Thereby the driving mechanism that makes speed changer forms the Transmitted chains of the exportable third speed of advancing.

All be in the state of " engagement " when the friction pair assembly of friction pair assembly that retreats grade clutch 15 and three retaining clutches 21, and remaining clutch friction pair assembly when being in separated state, give the friction pair assembly that retreats grade clutch 15 by input shaft 17 with the transmission of power of input, by the friction pair assembly that retreats grade clutch 15 power process is successively retreated grade clutch gear 16 again, tumbler gear 39, first driving gear 23, second 22, one third gear cylinder body and pass to the friction pair assembly of third gear clutch 20, again by the friction pair assembly of third gear clutch 20 with power successively through third gear clutch gear 19, second driving gear 36, the 3rd 34, the 3rd driving gear 24, output gear 29 and pass to output shaft 27; Thereby the driving mechanism that makes speed changer forms the exportable Transmitted chains that retreats third speed.

Claims (10)

1, the driving mechanism of the integral power shift hydraulic speed changer used of a kind of engineering machinery has the speed change gear (5) of hydraulic pitch device (1) and power shfit fixed shaft type; The input shaft (17) of speed change gear (5) also is the pto of hydraulic pitch device (1); It is characterized in that: also have left box body (6) and right case (2); Left box body (6) and right case (2) are fixed together and constitute casing;

Speed change gear (5) also has reversing shaft (37), second (22), the 3rd (34) and output shaft (27); Reversing shaft (37) is fixed on the left box body (6); Input shaft (17), second (22), the 3rd (34) and output shaft (27) are supported on the casing by bearing separately, and the axis of each parallels; Speed change gear (5) also has the input shaft clutch part (7) that is arranged on the input shaft (17), be rotatably connected on the tumbler gear (39) on the reversing shaft (37), be arranged on second clutch part (8) on second (22), be fixed on first driving gear (23) on second (22), be arranged on the 3rd clutch part (9) on the 3rd (34), be fixed on second driving gear (36) and the 3rd driving gear (24) on the 3rd (34), be fixed on the output gear (29) on the output shaft (27);

Input shaft clutch part (7) has forward gear clutch (14) and retreats a grade clutch (15); Second clutch part (8) has one grade of clutch (20) and third gear clutch (21); The 3rd clutch part (9) has second gear clutch (31) and fourth gear clutch (32); Above-mentioned each clutch is multi-disc wet clutch, and each clutch all mainly comprises cylinder body, the gear ring with internal spline, friction pair assembly, has the clutch gear of external splines and compresses segregating unit; The cylinder body that is arranged on two clutches on the same axis is an integral piece, different clutch parts according to the place, be called front and back crosspiece cylinder body, a third gear cylinder body and two fourth gear cylinder bodies, and a third gear cylinder body and two fourth gear cylinder bodies also respectively are cylinder body gears (18,33); Each cylinder body all has 2 piston cavity and piston cavity oil duct and pressure release aperture, and the inside that is provided with the axle of clutch then has corresponding clutch oil duct;

The gear ring and the cylinder body of each clutch are fixed together; The friction pair assembly has rotating plate group and friction plate group, and the friction plate of the rotating plate of rotating plate group and friction plate group is interlaced arranged; Each rotating plate of rotating plate group all has external splines, and the rotating plate group is meshed with the internal spline of gear ring by the external splines of its each rotating plate; Each friction plate of friction plate group all has internal spline, and the friction plate group is meshed with the external splines of the body of clutch gear by the internal spline of its each friction plate; Each clutch gear is supported on the axle at place separately by bearing; Compress segregating unit and have baffle plate, back-up ring and piston; Baffle plate is arranged on the axial outer end portion of gear ring and is positioned at gear ring, and back-up ring is arranged on the gear ring and is positioned at the axial outside of baffle plate, and piston is arranged in the piston cavity of cylinder body; The axial inner ends face of baffle plate contacts with the axial outer side plane of friction pair assembly, and the axial inner side plane of friction pair assembly contacts with the exterior edge face of piston;

One third gear cylinder body gear (18) often meshes with forward gear clutch gear (13) and fourth gear clutch gear (35) simultaneously; Tumbler gear (39) often meshes with retreating a grade clutch gear (16) and first driving gear (23) simultaneously, and first driving gear (23) is while and the normal engagement of second gear clutch gear (25) again; One grade of clutch gear (40) and the normal engagement of two fourth gear cylinder body gears (33); Third gear clutch gear (19) and the normal engagement of second driving gear (36); The 3rd driving gear (24) and the normal engagement of output gear (29).

2, the driving mechanism of the integral power shift hydraulic speed changer used of engineering machinery according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the friction pair assembly of each clutch also has the wavy spring group; The ring waveform spring of wavy spring group and the rotating plate of rotating plate group are interlaced arranged, and each ring waveform spring and adjacent two rotating plate Elastic Contact; Each rotating plate is a steel disc, and each friction plate is a paper-base friction wafer.

3, the driving mechanism of the integral power shift hydraulic speed changer used of engineering machinery according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the gear ring of forward gear clutch (14) and the gear ring that retreats a grade clutch (15) are integral piece, can be described as the front and back crosspiece gear ring; The middle part of front and back crosspiece gear ring has internal spline, and the front and back crosspiece cylinder body has external splines; The front and back crosspiece gear ring is meshed by the external splines of its internal spline with the front and back crosspiece cylinder body, be arranged on the front and back crosspiece gear ring the hole with back-up ring axially the front and back crosspiece cylinder body has been carried out spacing, thereby front and back crosspiece gear ring and front and back crosspiece cylinder body are fixed together.

4, the driving mechanism of the integral power shift hydraulic speed changer used of engineering machinery according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the gear ring of one grade of clutch (20) is weldingly fixed on the third gear cylinder body and is positioned at the cylinder body left side, and the gear ring of third gear clutch (21) is weldingly fixed on the third gear cylinder body and is positioned at the cylinder body right side.

5, the driving mechanism of the integral power shift hydraulic speed changer used of engineering machinery according to claim 1, the gear ring of second gear clutch (31) is weldingly fixed on the two fourth gear cylinder bodies and is positioned at the cylinder body left side, and the gear ring of fourth gear clutch (32) is weldingly fixed on the two fourth gear cylinder bodies and is positioned at the cylinder body right side.

6, the driving mechanism of the integral power shift hydraulic speed changer used of engineering machinery according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: also have output flange, output flange has 2, and they are the back output flanges (30) that are fixed on the preceding output flange (26) of output shaft (27) front end and are fixed on output shaft (27) rear end.

7, the driving mechanism of the integral power shift hydraulic speed changer of using according to one of right 1 to 6 described engineering machinery, it is characterized in that: under the ingear state of friction pair assembly of forward gear clutch (14), and the friction pair assembly of the also ingear state of friction pair assembly of one grade of clutch (20), second gear clutch (31), third gear clutch (21) or fourth gear clutch (32) and all the other clutches is when being in the state of separation, then makes driving mechanism form the Transmitted chains of exportable advance a grade, the second gear that advances, the third gear of advancing or the fourth speed of advancing; Retreating under the ingear state of friction pair assembly of a grade clutch (15), and the also ingear state of friction pair assembly of one grade of clutch (20), second gear clutch (31), third gear clutch (21) or fourth gear clutch (32) and all the other clutches be when being in the state of separation, then makes driving mechanism form exportable slow astern shelves, retreats second gear, retreats third gear or retreat the Transmitted chains of the fourth gear speed of a motor vehicle.

8, the driving mechanism of the integral power shift hydraulic speed changer used of engineering machinery according to claim 7 is characterized in that: also have stop device (28); Stop device (28) is installed on left box body (6) and the output shaft (27).

9, the driving mechanism of the integral power shift hydraulic speed changer used of engineering machinery according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: the axle and the output shaft (27) of stop device (28) are the same axis, and stop device (28) also has supporting base (28-2), braking housing (28-1), drag friction subcomponent, axle sleeve (28-8) and braking and compresses segregating unit;

Supporting base (28-2) has opening stage clip chamber left, and supporting base (28-2) is fixedly connected on the left box body (6); Output shaft (27) is supported on the supporting base (28-2) by the bearing (28-14) that is arranged on its left part, is supported on the left box body (6) by the bearing (28-20) that is arranged on its right part; The braking housing (28-1) that has internal spline has opening piston cavity (28-10) to the right, and braking housing (28-1) is positioned at the left side of supporting base (28-2) and is fixedly connected on the left box body (6); The axle sleeve (28-8) that has external splines is fixed on the output shaft (27); The drag friction subcomponent comprises rotating plate group, friction plate group and wavy spring group; The rotating plate of rotating plate group (28-4) is interlaced arranged with the friction plate (28-5) of friction plate group, the rotating plate of rotating plate group (28-4) also is interlaced arranged with the ring waveform spring (28-7) of wavy spring group, and each ring waveform spring (28-7) and adjacent rotating plate (28-4) Elastic Contact; Each rotating plate (28-4) of rotating plate group all has external splines, and each friction plate (28-5) of friction plate group all has internal spline; Each rotating plate (28-4) is a steel disc, and each friction plate (28-5) is a paper-base friction wafer; The friction plate group is meshed with the external splines of axle sleeve (28-8) by the internal spline of its each friction plate (28-5), and the rotating plate group is meshed with the internal spline of braking housing (28-1) by the external splines of its each rotating plate (28-4);

Braking compresses segregating unit and has baffle plate (28-6), left back-up ring, brake piston (28-9) and braking stage clip (28-9); Baffle plate (28-6) is arranged on braking housing (28-1) left end and is positioned at braking housing (28-1), and left back-up ring is arranged on the left side that baffle plate (28-6) gone up and be positioned to braking housing (28-1), and braking stage clip (28-9) is arranged in the stage clip chamber of supporting base (28-2); Brake piston (28-3) is the integral piece that the small circle ring cylinder and the large circle cylinder of coaxial line is connected as a single entity by annular connecting plate, and the large circle cylinder is positioned at the periphery of small circle ring cylinder; The left part of the large circle cylinder of brake piston (28-3) is arranged in the opening piston cavity to the right of braking housing (28-1);

The right side of baffle plate (28-6) contacts with the plane, left side of drag friction subcomponent, the plane, right side of drag friction subcomponent contacts with the left side of the small circle ring cylinder of brake piston (28-3), the right side of brake piston (28-3) and braking stage clip (28-9) Elastic Contact mutually, the elastic force of braking stage clip (28-9) overcomes the elastic force of the ring waveform spring (28-7) in the drag friction subcomponent and makes the drag friction subcomponent be in engagement.

10, the driving mechanism of the integral power shift hydraulic speed changer used of engineering machinery according to claim 9, it is characterized in that: braking stage clip (28-9) is the combination stage clip, combination stage clip (28-9) has 3 to 5 groups, and every group of combination stage clip (28-9) has the different cylinder stage clip of two diameters and be made up of outside the small column stage clip the big column compression spring sleeve.

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