CN100541327C - 液晶显示元件散乱层光阻组成物 - Google Patents
液晶显示元件散乱层光阻组成物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN100541327C CN100541327C CNB2004100453440A CN200410045344A CN100541327C CN 100541327 C CN100541327 C CN 100541327C CN B2004100453440 A CNB2004100453440 A CN B2004100453440A CN 200410045344 A CN200410045344 A CN 200410045344A CN 100541327 C CN100541327 C CN 100541327C
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- YVWPDYFVVMNWDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-ethoxypropanoate Chemical class CCOC(C)C(=O)OC YVWPDYFVVMNWDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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Abstract
本发明主要为运用于制造液晶显示元件散乱层的负型光阻组成物,本发明的显示器散乱层用负型光阻组成物,大致包括:(a)8至90%重量比的碱可溶性树脂;(b)1至30%重量比的多官能基单体;(c)0.1至20%重量比的光聚合起始剂;(d)0.1至20%重量比的热固化交联剂;(e)0.01至10%重量比的紫外线吸收剂;以及(f)8至90%重量比的溶剂。
Description
技术领域
本发明是关于一种负型光阻剂组成物,特别是有关于一种运用于液晶显示元件等所用的散乱层反射膜形成用的光阻剂组成物。
背景技术
目前的常见的感光型散乱层光阻剂又分为干膜光阻湿膜光阻两大类型,由于干膜光阻贴合玻璃基材时,易产生气泡,且散乱层的形状设计取决于材料供应商,所以于使用者的应用设计并无相当地帮助,市场的接受度易较小。
而湿膜光阻则分为两大类,一为正型光阻,另一为负型光阻,在正型光阻方面,主要的优点在于形状控制容易,缺点则是颜色偏黄(穿透率低)、耐化性较差。至于负型光阻方面,主要的优点为耐化性较优、穿透率高,但缺点则为解析度低、形状控制较不容易。
但本发明为克服负型光阻材料的缺点,以添加紫外线吸收剂的手段,来改善负型光阻于现行LCD制程中曝光机制下,能有效控制曝光感度,使原本高解析的非曝光区得以有效显影而得到所需散乱层的形状。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种运用于制造液晶显示元件散乱层的负型光阻组成物,此光阻剂组成物具有极佳的解析度、轮廓及感光度,可应用于微影成像制程。
本发明的光阻剂组成物具有极佳耐热性、耐溶剂性、基板的密著性、曲面形状的控制性优异,可容易形成反射型或半透过型的液晶显示元件的光扩散反射膜用的光阻组成物。
为实现上述目的,本发明所提供的光阻剂组成物,包括:
(a)8至90%重量比的碱可溶性树脂;
(b)1~30%重量比的多官能基单体;
(c)0.1~20%重量比的光聚合起始剂;
(d)0.1~20%重量比的热固化交联剂;
(e)0.01~10%重量比的紫外线吸收剂;以及
(f)8~90%重量比的溶剂。
其中(a)碱可溶性树脂为具有1个以上羧基的乙烯性不饱和单体,与其他可共聚的乙烯性不饱和单体的共聚物。
其中(a)碱可溶性树脂为具有1个以上羧基的乙烯性不饱和单体,且含羧基共聚物中的含羧基不饱和单体的共聚比例为5~50%重量比。
其中(b)多官能基单体,为由三价以上的多元醇的聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯、及其二羧酸改质物所组成群中选出一种以上。
其中(b)多官能基单体,为以三丙烯酸三羟甲基丙烷酯、三甲基丙烯酸三羟甲基丙烷酯,三丙烯酸季戊四醇酯、三甲基丙烯酸季戌四醇酯,四丙烯酸季戊四醇酯、四甲基丙烯酸季戊四醇酯,五丙烯酸二季戌四醇酯、五甲基丙烯酸二季戊四醇酯、六丙烯酸二季戌四醇酯等所组成群中选出一种以上。
其中(c)光聚合起始剂在波长为190至450nm范围的光源下,可使本发明的成分(b)多官能基单体进行聚合反应,进一步使本发明的组成物产生交联。
其中(c)光聚合起始剂为具有以下:吗林、塞吨酮、咪唑等官能基所组成群中选出一种以上。
其中(d)热固化交联剂为六甲基三聚氰胺、六丁基三聚氯胺、部分甲基化三聚氰胺及其烷基化物、部分甲基化苯并鸟粪胺及其烷基化物等所组成群中选出一种以上。
其中(e)紫外线吸收剂为苯并三唑类紫外线吸收剂、苯酮类紫外线吸收剂等所组成群中选出一种以上。
其中该紫外线吸收剂为
其中(e)紫外线吸收剂为0.1~5%重量份比。
其中(f)溶剂为乙二醇单甲醚醋酸酯、丙二醇单甲醚醋酸酯、丙二醇单乙醚醋酸酯、二甘醇二甲醚、二甘醇甲基乙醚、环乙酮、2-庚酮、3-庚酮、2-羟基丙酸乙酯、3-甲氧基丙酸乙酯、2-乙氧基丙酸甲酯、3-乙氧基丙酸乙酯、3-甲基-3-甲氧基丁基丙酸酯、醋酸正丁酯、醋酸异丁酯、甲酸正戌酯、醋酸异戊酯、丙酸正丁酯、丁酸乙酯、丁酸异丙酯、丁酸正丁酯、丙酮酸乙酯等所组成群中选出一种以上。
具体实施方式
本发明的显示器散乱层用负型光阻组成物,大至包括:(a)8至90%重量比的碱可溶性树脂;(b)1至30%重量比的多官能基单体;(c)0.1至20%重量比的光聚合起始剂;(d)0.1至20%重量比的热固化交联剂;(e)0.01至10%重量比的紫外线吸收剂;以及(f)8至90%重量比的溶剂。
以下就本发明组成物的各组成份,分别详细描述如下:
(a)碱可溶性树脂
本发明使用的碱可溶性树脂只要可溶于碱性显影液即可,并无特别限制,但以具有羧基的聚合物,例如具有一个以上羧基的乙烯性不饱和单体(以下称为“含羧基的不饱和单体”)或其他可共聚的乙烯性不饱和单体(以下称为“共聚性不饱和单体”)的共聚物(以下单称为“含羧基的共聚物”)为佳。
含羧基的不饱和单体,可列举例如:丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、巴豆酸、α-氨基丙烯酸、肉桂酸等的不饱和单羧酸类;
马来酸、马来酸酐、富马酸、衣康酸、衣康酸酐、柠康酸、柠康酸酐、中康酸等的不饱和二羧酸或其酸酐类;
三价以上的不饱和多价羧酸或其酸酐类;
琥珀酸单(2-丙烯醯氧乙基)酯、琥珀酸(2-甲基丙烯醯氧乙基)酯、酞酸单(2-丙烯醯氧乙基)酯、酞酸单(2-甲基丙烯醯氧乙基)酯等的二价以上的多价羧酸的单((甲基)丙烯醯氧烷基)酯类;
ω-羧基聚己内酯单丙烯酸酯、ω-羧基聚乙内酯单甲基丙烯酸酯等的于经端具有羧基和羟基的聚合物的单(甲基)丙烯酸酯类等。
这些含羧基的不饱和单体可单独或混合使用二种以上。
共聚性不饱和单体可列举例如:
苯乙烯、α-甲基苯乙烯、邻-乙烯基甲苯、间-乙烯基甲苯、对-乙烯基甲苯、对-氨基苯乙烯、邻-甲氧基苯乙烯、间-甲氧基苯乙烯、对-甲氧基苯乙烯、邻-乙烯基苄基甲醚、间-乙烯基苄基甲醚、对-乙烯基苄基甲醚、邻-乙烯基苄基缩水甘油醚、间-乙烯基苄基缩水甘油醚、对-乙烯基苄基缩水甘油醚等的芳香族乙烯基化合物;
引垛(Indol)、1-甲基引垛等的引垛类;丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、甲基丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸正丙酯、甲基丙烯酸正丙酯、丙烯酸异丙酯、甲基丙烯酸异丙酯、丙烯酸正丁酯、甲基丙烯酸正丁酯、丙烯酸异丁酯、甲基丙烯酸异丁酯、丙烯酸第三丁酯、甲基丙烯酸第三丁酯、丙烯酸第三丁酯、甲基丙烯酸第三丁酯、丙烯酸2-羟乙酯、甲基丙烯酸2-羟乙酯、丙烯酸2-羟丙酯、甲基丙烯酸2-羟丙酯、丙烯酸3-羟丙酯、甲基丙烯酸3-丙酯、丙烯酸2-羟丁酯、甲基丙烯酸2-羟丁酯、丙烯酸3-羟丁酯、甲基丙烯酸3-丁酯、丙烯酸4-羟丁酯、甲基丙烯酸4-丁酯、丙烯酸烯丙酯、甲基丙烯酸烯丙酯、丙烯酸苄酯、甲基丙烯酸苄酯、丙烯酸环乙酯、甲基丙烯酸环己酯、丙烯酸苯酯、甲基丙烯酸苯酯、丙烯酸2-甲氧基乙酯、甲基丙烯酸2-甲氧基乙酯、丙烯酸2-苯氧基乙酯、甲基丙烯酸2-苯氧基乙酯、丙烯酸甲氧基二甘醇酯、甲基丙烯酸甲氧基二甘醇酯、丙烯酸甲氧基三甘醇酯、甲基丙烯酸甲氧.基三甘醇酯、丙烯酸甲氧基丙二醇酯、甲基丙烯酸甲氧基丙二醇酯、丙烯酸甲氧基二丙二醇酯、甲基丙烯酸甲氧基二丙二醇酯、丙烯酸异冰片酯、甲基丙烯酸异冰片酯、丙烯酸二环戌二烯酯、甲基丙烯酸二环戊二烯酯、丙烯酸2-羟基-3-苯氧基丙酯、甲基丙烯酸2-羟基-3-苯氧基丙酯等的不饱和羧酸酯类;
丙烯酸2-胺乙酯、甲基丙烯酸2-胺乙酯、丙烯酸2-二甲胺乙酯、甲基丙烯酸2-二甲胺乙酯、丙烯酸2-胺丙酯、甲基丙烯酸2-胺丙酯、丙烯酸2-二甲胺丙酯、甲基丙烯酸2-二甲胺丙酯、丙烯酸3-胺丙酯、甲基丙烯酸3-胺丙酯、丙烯酸3-二甲胺丙酯、甲基丙烯酸3-二甲胺丙酯等不饱和羧酸胺基烷酯类;
丙烯酸缩水甘油酯、甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯等的不饱和羧酸缩水甘油酯类;
醋酸乙烯酯、丙酸乙烯酯、丁酸乙烯酯、苯甲酸乙烯酯等的羧酸乙烯酯类;
乙烯基甲醚、乙烯基乙醚、烯丙基缩水甘油醚等的不饱和醚类;
丙烯腈、甲基丙烯腈、α-氨基丙烯腈、氰化伸乙烯等的氰化乙烯基化合物;
丙烯醯胺、甲基丙烯醯胺、α-氨基丙烯醯胺、N-2-羟乙基丙烯醯胺、N-2-羟乙基甲基丙烯醯胺等的不饱和醯胺类;马来醯亚胺、N-苯基马来醯亚胺、N-环己基马来醯亚胺等的不饱和醯亚胺类;
1,3-丁二烯、异戌二烯、氨基异戊二烯等的脂族共轭二烯类;
聚苯乙烯、聚丙烯酸甲酯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚丙烯酸正丁酯、聚甲基丙烯酸正丁酯、聚硅氧烷等的于聚合物分子链终端具有单丙烯醯基或单甲基丙烯醯基的单体类等。
这些共聚性不饱和单体可单独或混合使用二种以上。
本发明的含羧基的共聚物可为:
(一)、为丙烯酸和/或甲基丙烯酸、琥珀酸单(2-丙烯醯氧乙基)酯和/或琥珀酸单(2-甲基丙烯醯氧乙基)酯的含羧基的不饱和单体成分;
及(二)、为苯乙烯、丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸2-羟乙酯、甲基丙烯酸2-羟乙酯、丙烯酸烯丙酯、甲基丙烯酸烯丙酯、丙烯酸苄酯、甲基丙烯酸苄酯、N-苯基马来醯亚胺、苯乙烯及甲基丙烯酸甲酯单体所组成的范围中选出至少一种的共聚物(以下称为“含羧基的共聚物”)为佳。含羧基的共聚物的具体例可为以下列举:
(甲基)丙烯酸/(甲基)丙烯酸甲酯共聚物、(甲基)丙烯酸/(甲基)丙烯酸苄酯共聚物、(甲基)丙烯酸/(甲基)丙烯酸2-羟乙酯/(甲基)丙烯酸苄酯共聚物、(甲基)丙烯酸/(甲基)丙烯酸甲酯/苯乙烯共聚物、(甲基)丙烯酸/(甲基)丙烯酸甲酯/甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物、(甲基)丙烯酸/(甲基)丙烯酸苄酯/苯乙烯共聚物、(甲基)丙烯酸/(甲基)丙烯酸苄酯/甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物、(甲基)丙烯酸/(甲基)丙烯酸2-羧乙酯/(甲基)丙烯酸苄酯/苯乙烯共聚物、(甲基)丙烯酸/(甲基)丙烯酸2-羟乙酯/(甲基)丙烯酸苄酯/甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物、甲基丙烯酸/苯乙烯/(甲基)丙烯酸苄酯/N-苯基马来醯亚胺共聚物、(甲基)丙烯酸/琥珀酸单(2-丙烯醯氧乙基)酯/苯乙烯/(甲基)丙烯酸苄酯/N-苯基马来醯亚胺共聚物、(甲基)丙烯酸/琥珀酸单(2-丙烯醯氧乙基)酯/苯乙烯/(甲基)丙烯酸烯丙酯/N-苯基马来醯亚胺共聚物等。
含羧基共聚物中的含羧基不饱和单体的共聚比例较佳的为5~50%重量比含羧基共聚物中的含羧基不饱和单体的共聚比例通常为5~50%重量比,较更佳的为佳为10~40%重量比。此时,前述的共聚比例未满5%重量比,则所得组成物对于碱性显像液的溶解性有降低的倾向,另一方向,若超过50%重量比,则对于碱性显像液的溶解性过大,以碱性显像液予以显像时,画素易由基板上脱落并且具有易造成画素表面膜破坏的倾向。
本发明的碱可溶性树脂以凝胶渗透层析(GPC)溶剂:四氢呋喃(THF),所测定的换算成聚苯乙烯的重量平均分子量(以下称为Mw)通常为3,000至300,000,较佳为3,000至100,000。
经由使用具有此类特定Mw的碱可溶性树脂,则可取得显像性优的光阻剂组成物,且由此,可形成具有特定的图型。
于本发明中,碱可溶性树脂可单独或混合使用二种以上。
本发明中的碱可溶性树脂的使用量,若全部配方为100重量份时,通常碱可溶性树脂的使用量为8~90重量份,较佳为20~70重量份。
(b)多官能基单体
本发明中的多官能基单体,为具有2个以上聚合性不饱和键的单体,其例可为以下列举:
乙二醇、丙二醇等伸烷基二元醇的二丙烯酸酯或二甲基丙烯酸酯类;
聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇等聚伸烷基二元醇的二丙烯酸酯或二甲基丙烯酸酯类;
甘油、三羟甲基丙烯、季戌四醇、二季戌四醇等三价以上的多元醇的聚丙烯酸酯或聚甲基丙烯.酸酯类和其二羧酸改质物;
聚酯、环氧树脂、聚胺基甲酸酯树脂、醇酸树脂、聚硅氧烷树脂、环烷树脂等的低丙烯酸酯或低甲基丙烯酸酯类;
两终端羟基聚-1,3-丁二烯、两终端羟基聚异戊二烯、两终端羟基聚己内酯等两终端羟基化聚合物的二丙烯酸酯或二甲基丙烯酸酯类;
及磷酸三(2-丙烯醯氧乙基)酯、磷酸三(2-甲基丙烯醯氧乙基)酯等。
这些多官能基单体中,以三价以上的多元醇的聚丙烯酸酯或聚甲基丙烯酸酯类和其二羧酸改质物为佳,且具体而言,以三丙烯酸三羟甲基丙烷酯、三甲基丙烯酸三羟甲基丙烷酯,三丙烯酸季戊四醇酯、三甲基丙烯酸季戌四醇酯,四丙烯酸季戊四醇酯、四甲基丙烯酸季戊四醇酯,五丙烯酸二季戌四醇酯、五甲基丙烯酸二季戊四醇酯、六丙烯酸二季戌四醇酯、六甲基丙烯二季戌四醇酯,或上述化合物的一种以上混合使用,或目前市售品的Aronix M-305、Aronix M-309、Aronix M-400、Aronix M-401、AronixM-402、Aronix M-450481(以上为Toagosei Co.,Ltd.,商品名)等一种以上混合使用,其中以式(1)所示的化合物为佳。
式(1)
前述的多官能基单体可为单独或混合使用二种以上。
本发明中的多官能性单体的使用量,相对于(a)碱可溶性树脂100重量份通常为5~500重量份,较佳为20~300重量份。一般而言,前述使用量未满5重量份,则成膜后的强度和表面平整性有降低的倾向;另一方面,若超过500重量份,则碱性显像性降低。
又,于本发明中,视情况,亦可将前述多官能基单体的一部分以单官能基单体予以取代供使用。
(c)光聚合起始剂
本发明所使用的光聚合起始剂,可经由可见光线、紫外线、远紫外线等射线曝光后,使本发明前述的成分(b)多官能基单体进行聚合反应,而使本发明的组成物产生交联(Crosslinking),其中较佳的是对于波长为190至450nm范围的光源具有高感度的化合物,可经由少许能量的曝光而令本发明的组成物充分交联。
其中(c)光聚合起始剂为具有以下:吗林(morpholino)、塞吨酮(Thioxanthone)、咪唑(imidazole)等官能基所组成群中选出一种以上。
这种化合物的市售商品例如有:IRGACURE 184、IRGACURE 369、IRGACURE 907、IRGACURE OXE01、CGI 124、CGI 242(以上为CibaSpecialty Chemicals商品名)或Chemcure-709、Chemcure-ITX、Chemcure-481(以上为Chembridge International Corp商品名)等。其中最佳的是如式(2)所示即为IRGACURE 907或Chemcure-709。
式(2)
于本发明中,上述光聚合起始剂可分别单独、二种以上混合使用,或与其他的光聚合起始剂并用。
本发明使用的(c)光聚合起始剂的合计使用量,相对于(b)多官能基单体100重量份时,通常为添加0.1~200重量份,更理想为10~150重量份特佳为20~120重量份。此时,光自由基引发剂的合计使用量末满0.1重量份,则曝光所造成的固化不够充分,且恐难取得需要的图像形状,另一方面若超过200重量份,则所形成的图像形状于显影时易由基板上脱落。
另外,于本发明中,前述的光自由基引发剂视需要,亦可与一种以上的增咸感剂,固化促进剂或高分子光交联增感剂并用。
(d)热固化交联剂
为了增加光阻成膜后的耐化性及机械强度,本发明的组成物中加入适当的热固化交联剂,配合制程上曝光显影后的硬烤(一般以高温定型约150℃~280℃,时间约为5分钟~120钟),以增加光阻膜的交联程度。
此类的化合物例如有六甲基三聚氰胺、六丁基三聚氯胺、部分甲基化三聚氰胺及其烷基化物、部分甲基化苯并鸟粪胺及其烷基化物等。热固化交联剂为六甲基三聚氰胺、六丁基三聚氯胺、部分甲基化三聚氰胺及其烷基化物、部分甲基化苯并鸟粪胺及其烷基化物等所组成群中选出一种以上。
这种化合物的市售商品例如有:Cymel 300、Cymel 301、Cymel 303、Cymel 323、Cymel 325、Cymel 327(以上为Cytec Industries Inc.商品名)、Nikalac MW-30HM、Nikalac MW-100LM、Nikalac MX-750LM(以上为Sanwa Chemical Co.商品名)等。其中最佳的是如式(3)所示即为Cymel 303。
式(3)
本发明使用的(d)热固化交联剂的添加量相对于(a)碱可溶性树脂100重量份时,添加1~100重量份,更理想为10~40重量份。此范围的添加量可形成良好形状的凹凸面,并增加光阻成膜后的耐化性及机械强度。
(e)紫外线吸收剂
一般LCD的制程上用的步进式/投影式曝光系统,受到光阻本身感度、光源经光罩后产生的光散射及绕射的影响,使负型光阻线宽解析极限仅达8~10μm,欲达更细小的解析时,非曝光区会因为光学因素与光阻本身感度而造成非预期的交联结构产生。因此,所以本发明尝试在不变更曝光设备及光罩的条件下,尝试在光阻剂组成物中添加紫外线吸收剂,以控制光阻剂组成物本身的特性,达到所想要的图样形状。
本发明所使用的紫外线吸收剂,具有高度吸收紫外线的能力具有高感度的化合物,其中较佳的是对于波长为190至450nm范围的光源具有高感度的化合物。
紫外线吸收剂为苯并三唑类(Benzotriazole)紫外线吸收剂、苯酮类(Benzophenone)紫外线吸收剂等所组成群中选出一种以上。
这种化合物的市售商品例如有:Eversorb 10、Eversorb 11、Eversorb12、Eversorb 234、Eversorb 71、Eversorb 72、Eversorb 73、Eversorb 74、Eversorb 75、Eversorb 76、Eversorb 77、Eversorb 78、Eversorb 79等(以上为Everlight Chemical Inc.商品名)或TINUVIN 326、TINUVIN 327、TINUVIN 328、TINUVIN 384、TINUVIN 384-2(以上为Ciba SpecialtyChemicals商品名)。其中最佳的是,如式(4)所示即为Eversorb 77。
式(4)
于本发明中,上述紫外线吸收剂可分别单独、二种以上混合使用,或与其他的紫外线吸收剂并用。
本发明使用的(e)紫外线吸收剂较佳为0.1至5%重量比。
(f)溶剂
本发明的光阻组成物为以前述(a)至(e)成分作为必要成分,且视需要含有其他添加剂。而通常为配合溶剂调制成液状组成物。溶剂只要可将(a)至(e)成分及必要的添加剂予以分散或溶解,且不与这些成分起反应,并具有适度的挥发性,即可适当选择使用。
这类溶剂例如:
乙二醇单甲醚、乙二醇单乙醚、乙二醇单正丙醚、乙二醇单正丁醚、二甘醇单甲醚、二甘醇单乙醚、二甘醇单正丙醚、二甘醇单正丁醚、三甘醇单甲醚、三甘醇单乙醚、丙二醇单甲醚、丙二醇单乙醚、丙二醇单正丙醚、丙二醇单正丁醚、二丙二醇单甲醚、二丙二醇单乙醚、二丙二醇单正丙醚、二丙二醇单正丁醚、二丙二醇单甲醚、三丙二醇单乙醚等(聚)伸烷基二元醚单烷醚类;
乙二醇单甲醚醋酸酯、乙二醇单乙醚醋酸酯,二甘醇单甲醚醋酸酯、二甘醇单乙醚醋酸酯、丙二醇单甲醚醋酸酯、丙二醇单甲醚醋酸酯等(聚)伸烷基二元醇单烷醚醋酸酯类;二甘醇二甲醚、二甘醇甲基乙醚、二甘醇二乙醚,四氢呋喃等其他醚类;
甲基乙基酮、环己酮、2-庚酮、3-庚酮等的酮类;
2-羟基丙酸甲酸、2-羟基丙酸乙酯等的乳酸烷酯类;
2-羟基-2-甲基丙酸乙酯、3-甲氧基丙酸甲酯、3-甲氧基丙酸乙酯、3-乙氧基丙酸甲酯、3-乙氧基丙酸乙酯、乙氧基醋酸乙酯、羟基醋酸乙酯、2-羟基-3-甲基丁酸甲酯、3-甲基-3-甲氧基丁基醋酸酯、3-甲基-3-甲氧基丁基丙酸酯、醋酸乙酯、醋酸正丙酸、醋酸异丙酯、醋酸正丁酯!、醋酸异丁酯、甲酸正戌酸、醋酸异戊酯、丙酸正丁酯、丁酸乙酯、丁酸正丙酯、丁酸异丙酯、丁酸正丁酯,丙酮酸甲酯、丙酮酸乙酯、丙酮酸正丙酯、乙醯醋酸甲酯、乙醯醋酸乙酯、2-羟基丁酸乙酯等的其他酯类;
甲苯、二甲苯等芳香族类;
N-甲基吡咯烷酮、N,N-二甲基甲醯胺N,N-二甲基乙醯胺等醯胺类等。
这些溶剂中,由溶解性、分散性、涂布性等观点而言,则以乙二醇单甲醚醋酸酯、丙二醇单甲醚醋酸酯、丙二醇单乙醚醋酸酯、二甘醇二甲醚、二甘醇甲基乙醚、环乙酮、2-庚酮、3-庚酮、2-羟基丙酸乙酯、3-甲氧基丙酸乙酯、2-乙氧基丙酸甲酯、3-乙氧基丙酸乙酯、3-甲基-3-甲氧基丁基丙酸酯、醋酸正丁酯、醋酸异丁酯、甲酸正戌酯、醋酸异戊酯、丙酸正丁酯、丁酸乙酯、丁酸异丙酯、丁酸正丁酯、丙酮酸乙酯为佳。
前述溶剂可单独或混合使用二种以上。
另外,前述溶剂亦可与苄基乙醚、二-正己醚、乙腈丙酮、异佛尔酮、己酸、庚酸、1-辛醇、1-萘醇、苄醇、醋酸苄酯、苯甲酸乙酯、草酸二乙酯、马来酸二乙酯、γ-丁内酯、碳酸乙烯酯、碳酸丙烯酯、乙二醇单苯醚醋酸酯等的高沸点溶剂并用。
这些高沸点溶剂中,以γ-丁内酯等为佳。
前述的高沸点溶剂可单独或混合使用二种以上。
溶剂的合计使用量虽无特别限定,但由所得感光性组成物的涂布性、安定性等观点而言,本发明组成物中溶剂的组成占全部配方的比例通常为5至90%重量比,较佳为20至80%重量比。
添加剂
本发明的添加剂并无特殊的限制,可依照光阻的应用需求,选择加入适量的增感剂(sensitizers)、溶解抑制剂(dissolution inhibitors)、界面活性剂(surfactants)、染料(dyes)、抗氧化剂或其他高分子聚合物,使得光阻剂能达到所需的要求与标准,这些个别添加剂占全部配方的比例通常不超为1%重量比。
光阻组成物的制备
本发明的光阻组成物是由混合上述组成成份而得。可以先将上述(a)碱可溶性树脂溶解于(f)溶剂中,再混入其他组成成份。或者先将除(a)碱可溶性树脂之外的其他组成成份混合并溶解于(f)溶剂中,然后再混入(a)碱可溶性树脂。
散乱层光阻膜的形成
将光阻组成物涂布基板时,可采用回转涂布、喷雾涂布、网版印刷涂布、辊涂布等适当的涂布法。基板在涂布的后,通常会置于加热板上加热,以去除溶剂,预烘烤的条件视各成分的种类、使用比例等而异,较佳为50~90℃,进行1~15分钟的条件最佳。涂布厚度为令干燥后的膜厚通常为0.1~10μm,较佳为0.2~5μm,特佳为0.2~4μm。
之后,将预烘烤后的涂膜基板置于所定图案光罩下方,经光罩施以曝光,以在基材上形成所需要的图样。曝光光源可为可见光线、紫外线,远紫外线等,且以波长为190~450nm范围的光源为佳。光源的曝光能量通常为5~200mJ/cm2,但即使降低至10~100mJ/cm2的范围亦可令感光性组成物充分固化。继之由显影液显影去除不需要部分,以形成所定图案。
显像液可以选用任何的碱性显像液,常用的有如氨水、三乙基胺、二甲基胺甲醇、氢氧化四甲铵、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、碳酸钠、碳酸钾或氢氧化三甲基羟乙基铵等碱性水溶液。又上述碱水溶液中添加适量甲醇、乙醇等水溶性有机溶媒及/或界面活性剂的水溶液等。显像处理法可应用淋洗显像法、喷雾显像法、浸渍显像法、桨叶显像法等,且显像条件以常温下5~300秒为佳。碱性显像后,通常进行水洗。
经压缩空气或压缩氮气风干,形成图案后,此图案以加热盘、烤箱等加热装置(一般称为曝后硬烤),并以所定温度例如120~300℃、所定时间例如在加热盘上为5~30分钟,在烤箱内为30~90分钟的加热处理。在此时本发明的组成物中加入热固化交联剂,经过加热后进行热固化交联剂,以加强有图案的光阻膜成膜后的耐化性及机械强度。
此时各单位图案的形状以凹凸形状为佳。由上面观察单位图案时,理想为圆弧形或略圆弧形,直径为0.1~30μm,更理想为0.1~10μm。
接著,由金属蒸镀可形成本发明的光散乱层反射膜。
此时蒸镀所用的金属并无特别限制,但使用在可见光领域中具有高反射率的金属、且能形成均匀厚度的金属膜为佳。就此观点而言以含有铝、银及其中至少一种的合金为佳。
另外,上述所形成的光散乱层反射膜的形状,反映具有蒸镀金属之前图案的形状。
实施例
以下由实施例更详细说明本发明,但本发明并非限定于这些实施例。
制备例1
(a)碱可溶性树脂的合成
在反应器中加入丙二醇单甲基醚乙酸酯200克、甲基丙烯酸苯甲酯(Benzyl Methacrylate)128.62克、甲基丙烯酸(Methacrylic Acid)9.39克,然后再加入起始剂2,2′-偶氮双异丁基(AIBN)0.69克,并升温至约70℃,反应完全后纯化、干燥可得到白色粉末的高分子聚合物式(I)125克,产率约37%,以GPC量测,Mw重量平均分子量30,000克/莫耳,玻璃转移温度Tg=150℃。
实施例1
光阻剂组成物配方
将制备例1所得到的(a)碱可溶性树脂式(I)12.37克、(b)多官能基单体Aronix M-400(为Toagosei Co.,Ltd.商品)8.24克、(c)光聚合起始剂IRGACURE 907(为Ciba Specialty Chemicals商品)3.09克、及Chemcure-ITX(为Chembridge International Corp商品)1.03克(d)热固化交联剂Cymel 303(为Cytec Industries Inc.商品)2.47克、(e)紫外线吸收剂Eversorb 77(为Everlight Chemical Inc.商品)0.8克、及(f)溶剂丙二醇单甲基醚乙酸酯72.0克,将上述各成份混合均匀,然后以2μm的过滤器过滤此溶液。
散乱层光阻膜的形成
将此溶液涂覆在一无碱玻璃基板上,再以750rpm的旋转涂覆20秒,可得一均匀光阻膜。
于90℃的清洁烤炉内进行10分钟预烘烤,形成膜厚可得2μm厚度的光阻膜。
其次,将此基板冷却至室温后,使用高压水银灯,透过线宽为4μm的光罩,对光阻膜以含有254nm、313nm、365nm及405nm各波长的紫外线,以80mJ/cm2的曝光量进行曝光。
其后,将此基板浸于23℃的0.05%重量比的氢氧化钾水溶液中90秒钟,并且进行显像处理后,以超纯水将其洗净,并且干燥。
此干燥后的图案,接著进行曝后硬烤,置于220℃烤箱,硬烤时间30分钟。
此经硬烤后的光阻膜,以扫描式电子显微镜(SEM)分析所形成的微结构图样,显示具有4μm的解析度凹凸形状结构,在曝光区膜厚为1.88μm,非曝光区膜厚为0.887μm(887.32nm),亦即深宽比约达1/4=0.25。
实施例2~7、光阻剂组成物配方
重复实施例1的步骤,仅改变其中的(e)紫外线吸收剂种类(如表一),但添加量不变,来制备光阻剂组成物配方,其余实验步骤皆相同,其结果如下表(表二)所示:
表一、所添加紫外线吸收剂种类
对照例1
光阻剂组成物配方(不添加紫外线吸收剂)
重复实施例1的步骤,仅剔除其中的(e)紫外线吸收剂(不添加)来制备光阻剂组成物配方,其余实验步骤皆相同,其结果如下表(表二)所示:
表二、光阻膜曝光区与非曝光区膜厚深宽比
实施例 | 紫外线吸收剂 | 曝光区膜厚(μm) | 非曝光区膜厚(μm) | 深度(μm) | 宽度(μm) | 深宽比 |
1 | Eversorb 77 | 1.88 | 0.89 | 0.99 | 4 | 0.25 |
2 | Eversorb 10 | 2.03 | 1.42 | 0.61 | 4 | 0.15 |
3 | Eversorb 12 | 2.13 | 1.54 | 0.59 | 4 | 0.15 |
4 | Eversorb 74 | 1.42 | 0.76 | 0.66 | 4 | 0.16 |
5 | Eversorb 76 | 2.35 | 1.75 | 0.60 | 4 | 0.15 |
6 | Eversorb 79 | 1.75 | 1.06 | 0.69 | 4 | 0.17 |
对照例1 | 不添加 | 1.88 | 1.48 | 0.40 | 4 | 0.10 |
如上表二的所示结果,本发明由添加适量的紫外线吸收剂,能有效控制光阻感度,在高解析度(4μm)下,达成适当的深宽比需求的曲面形状的微影图形。
实施例8、光阻膜物性及耐化性测试
选取实施例1所形成的光阻膜基板,接著进行如下的物性及耐化性测试。
(I)接著性测试
取部分实施例1所形成的光阻膜基板,依据JIS K-5400(1900)8.5的接著性测试的8.5.2的棋盘格子胶带法,以切割刀将上述形成的光阻膜基板上形成100个的棋盘格子,进行接著性性试验。此时,残留的棋盘格子数为100个(没有被剥离),显示本发明的光阻剂组成物所形成的光阻膜具有优异的接著性。
(II)耐水入侵接著性测试
取部分实施例1所形成的光阻膜基板,浸于80℃的超纯水溶液中60分钟后,取出并且干燥。再依据JIS K-5400(1900)8.5的接著性测试的8.5.2的棋盘格子胶带法,以切割刀将上述形成的光阻膜基板上形成100个的棋盘格子,进行接著性性试验。此时,残留的棋盘格子数为100个(没有被剥离),显示本发明的光阻剂组成物所形成的光阻膜具有优异的耐水入侵接著性。
(III)耐溶剂测试
取部分实施例1所形成的光阻膜基板,先测量其光阻膜厚,浸于20℃如下表(表三)的溶剂中30分钟后,取出并且干燥后,再测量其光阻膜厚。以计算其膜厚变化,由下表(表三)结果显示本发明的光阻剂组成物所形成的光阻膜具有优异的耐溶剂性。
表三、耐溶剂测试
溶剂 | 光阻膜厚(μm)浸溶剂前 | 光阻膜厚(μm)浸溶剂后 | 膜厚变化 |
5%NaOH | 1.46 | 1.46 | 0.00% |
5%HCl | 1.47 | 1.49 | 1.15% |
N-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone(NMP) | 1.40 | 1.39 | -0.21% |
Isopropyl Alcohol(IPA) | 1.48 | 1.49 | 0.47% |
综上所述,本发明无论就目的、手法及功效,或就其技术层面与研发设计上,在在均显示其迥异于公知技术的特征。应注意的是,上述诸多实施例仅为了便于说明故举例阐述的,而本发明所主张的权利范围自应以申请专利范围所述为准,而非仅限于上述实施例。
Claims (8)
1.一种显示器散乱层用负型光阻组成物,其包括:
(a)8至90%重量比的碱可溶性树脂;
(b)1~30%重量比的多官能基丙烯酸酯单体;
(c)0.1~20%重量比的光聚合起始剂;
(d)0.1~20%重量比的热固化交联剂;
(e)0.01~10%重量比的紫外线吸收剂;以及
(f)8~90%重量比的溶剂。
2.如权利要求1所述的光阻组成物,其特征在于,其中(a)碱可溶性树脂为具有1个以上羧基的乙烯性不饱和单体与其他可共聚的乙烯性不饱和单体的共聚物。
3.如权利要求1所述的光阻组成物,其特征在于,其中(b)多官能基单体,为以三丙烯酸三羟甲基丙烷酯、三甲基丙烯酸三羟甲基丙烷酯,三丙烯酸季戊四醇酯、三甲基丙烯酸季戌四醇酯,四丙烯酸季戊四醇酯、四甲基丙烯酸季戊四醇酯,五丙烯酸二季戌四醇酯、五甲基丙烯酸二季戊四醇酯、六丙烯酸二季戌四醇酯所组成群中选出一种以上。
4.如权利要求1所述的光阻组成物,其特征在于,其中(c)光聚合起始剂为具有以下:吗林、塞吨酮、咪唑官能基所组成群中选出一种以上。
5.如权利要求1所述的光阻组成物,其特征在于,其中(e)紫外线吸收剂为苯并三唑类紫外线吸收剂、苯酮类紫外线吸收剂所组成群中选出一种以上。
6.如权利要求1所述的光阻组成物,其特征在于,其中该紫外线吸收剂为
7.如权利要求1所述的光阻组成物,其特征在于,其中(e)紫外线吸收剂为0.1~5%重量份比。
8.如权利要求1所述的光阻组成物,其特征在于,其中(f)溶剂为乙二醇单甲醚醋酸酯、丙二醇单甲醚醋酸酯、丙二醇单乙醚醋酸酯、二甘醇二甲醚、二甘醇甲基乙醚、环乙酮、2-庚酮、3-庚酮、2-羟基丙酸乙酯、3-甲氧基丙酸乙酯、2-乙氧基丙酸甲酯、3-乙氧基丙酸乙酯、3-甲基-3-甲氧基丁基丙酸酯、醋酸正丁酯、醋酸异丁酯、甲酸正戌酯、醋酸异戊酯、丙酸正丁酯、丁酸乙酯、丁酸异丙酯、丁酸正丁酯、丙酮酸乙酯所组成群中选出一种以上。
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CN102875745B (zh) | 2011-07-14 | 2014-07-09 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 一种碱可溶性树脂和含有其的感光性树脂组合物及其应用 |
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