CN100524918C - Lattice type battery level balancer - Google Patents
Lattice type battery level balancer Download PDFInfo
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- CN100524918C CN100524918C CNB2005100884304A CN200510088430A CN100524918C CN 100524918 C CN100524918 C CN 100524918C CN B2005100884304 A CNB2005100884304 A CN B2005100884304A CN 200510088430 A CN200510088430 A CN 200510088430A CN 100524918 C CN100524918 C CN 100524918C
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention provides a lattice type battery potential balancer, for equalizing the potential of a series group battery, where at least a battery is bridged with an energy converting circuit, the energy converting circuit is connected in lattice structure and has four nodes and comprises a first semiconductor switch, a first diode, a second semiconductor switch, a second diode and an inductor, where one end of the first semiconductor switch is connected with the cathode of the first diode, the anode of the second diode is connected with one end of the second semiconductor switch, and the inductor is an energy storage element and connected between the cathode of the first diode and the anode of the second diode.
Description
Technical field
The invention relates to a kind of level balancer of series-connected cell, refer to a kind of crystal battery level balancer especially.
Background technology
In most battery applications occasion, except the electronic equipment of minority low-voltage and low power consuming, all battery to be done series connection and use, this is that electric energy loss is bigger when using separately because single cell voltage is not high now.For instance, under identical load power, the system that adopts the series connection of four batteries is compared with the system that adopts single battery, its voltage and capacity are big four times, right its required output current only is 1/4th of a monocell system, can reduce by 16 times circuit loss so approximately.Use series battery that though its advantage is arranged, yet, only it be considered as a tool high voltage and jumbo " monocell " if do not consider between monocell property difference each other, will overall efficiency in practical application not as originally expecting.
Characteristics such as the charge/discharge capacity of secondary cell, charging conversion efficiency, initial electric weight, internal resistance, even same series-produced product also can't be identical, so directly these had slightly the use that is together in series of the monocell of difference, perhaps when just bringing into use, is there anything wrong not think performance, yet increase along with repeating to discharge and recharge access times, the user can find gradually that the spendable time of battery supply is shorter and shorter, usually need to charge again, in addition when discharging and recharging, feel high when the temperature of battery pack is compared with new battery; This leads because of when battery pack is just brought into use, difference is little each other between monocell, but along with discharging and recharging time when increasing, with the difference that strengthens gradually each other, so vicious circle, make the characteristic difference monocell worse and worse, cause the usefulness of whole battery group all to be subject to the relatively poor monocell of these a little characteristics.Therefore, industry is for solving described problem at present, must monitor the battery of each monocell in the series battery, and utilize battery level balancer to come between the balance monocell to cause the phenomenon of energy storage inequality, and then promote battery pack reality and can charge and discharge electric weight and increase the service life because of property difference each other.
The size of each battery terminal voltage and battery capacity and stored electric weight thereof are relevant in the series battery, desire to make each cell voltage to equate, are a kind of energy transfer action; In other words, be about to the higher energy consumption of cell voltage or be transferred in the lower battery of voltage.In classification with energy consumption whether, can be divided into deflection type and on-consumable formula two class cell potential balancing apparatus: the former energy that cell voltage is higher utilizes the switched ohmic load to change heat energy into or uses the switched buffer capacitor, reaches the purpose of the balance of voltage; The latter adopts the suitching type direct current transducer that energy is transmitted in battery, and it if ignore the switch switch cost, can reach loss-free transmission in theory.On-consumable formula cell potential balancing apparatus is if shift whether involve total energy content of battery transfer with energy, can be further divided into two kinds of total electric weight apportion design and unit electric weight apportion designs: the former draws or inculcates total series-connected cell energy, with each cell voltage of balance, the latter then sees through the energy delivery between adjacent single cells, reaches the balance purpose.Wherein, if the electric power converter that adopts for mutually independently, then is called the decentralized cell potential balancing apparatus, relatively,, be called the concentrated cell potential balancing apparatus in total electric weight apportion design if adopt single electric power converter.
According to prior art, Fig. 1 shows a kind of circuit framework figure of deflection type cell potential balancing apparatus, by action by switch, the energy consumption of the battery 3 that terminal voltage is higher is in the load resistance of level balancer 2 out of the ordinary, though circuit framework is simple, need detects and heat dissipation problem arranged battery terminal voltage out of the ordinary.In on-consumable formula cell potential balancing technique, Fig. 2 shows a kind of circuit framework figure of the cell potential balancing apparatus that distributes based on the unit electric weight, basically be balancing with adjacent two element cells, the energy of terminal voltage the higher person is sent to the junior, circuit framework has the module extendibility; Fig. 3 shows a kind of circuit framework figure of the decentralized cell potential balancing apparatus that distributes based on total electric weight, all direct current transducer circuit are for mutually independently, when cell voltage differs from mean value, start the direct current transducer circuit, the too high energy content of battery is detached and is transferred to series battery or provides the battery 3 of additional energy to low voltage by series battery, so the control degrees of freedom height; Fig. 4 shows a kind of circuit framework figure of the concentrated cell potential balancing apparatus that distributes based on total electric weight, uses single direct current transducer as each battery balancer system in the series battery, and in theory, this centralized equalizer circuit volume is less, cost is lower.
Summary of the invention
One of purpose of the present invention provides a kind of power conversion circuits of battery level balancer, with the power conversion of a battery of series battery to all the other series-connected cells.
One of purpose of the present invention provides a kind of crystal battery level balancer that is applicable to on-consumable formula cell potential balancing apparatus.
One of purpose of the present invention provides a kind of crystal battery level balancer that is applicable to staged cell potential balancing apparatus.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the invention provides a kind of power conversion circuits, with the power conversion of one of series battery battery to all the other series-connected cells, has a first node, one Section Point, one the 3rd node and one the 4th node, it is characterized in that: described first node to the three nodes connect in regular turn one first element switch and one first diode, and the 3rd node is the positive pole (the P utmost point) of this first diode, described Section Point to the four nodes connect in regular turn one second diode and one second element switch, and this Section Point is the negative pole (the N utmost point) of this second diode, one energy-storage travelling wave tube has one first end and one second end, this first is terminated between described first element switch and first diode, and this second is terminated between described second diode and second element switch.
Wherein, this energy-storage travelling wave tube is an inductance.
Wherein, the anode of monocell and negative terminal are connected to described first node and described the 4th node respectively.
Wherein, the anode and the negative terminal of the preceding battery pack of being made up of monocell or series-connected cell are connected to described Section Point and described first node respectively.
Wherein, the anode and the negative terminal of the back battery pack of being made up of monocell or series-connected cell are connected to described the 4th node and described the 3rd node respectively.
Wherein, the anode of series battery and negative terminal are connected to described Section Point and described the 3rd node respectively.
Wherein when this first element switch and all conductings of second element switch (ON), power conversion circuits is the energy storage pattern, promptly monocell with electrical power storage in this energy-storage travelling wave tube.
When wherein this first element switch conducting and second element switch are closed (OFF), power conversion circuits is that first release can pattern, this first diode ends because of the bias voltage of back battery pack, and this second diode is because of the electric current conducting of energy-storage travelling wave tube, and this energy-storage travelling wave tube discharges electric energy to preceding battery pack.
Wherein this first element switch is closed and during the second element switch conducting, power conversion circuits is that second release can pattern, this second diode ends because of the bias voltage of preceding battery pack, and this first diode is because of the electric current conducting of energy-storage travelling wave tube, and this energy-storage travelling wave tube discharges electric energy to the back battery pack.
Wherein this first element switch is closed and second element switch when closing, and power conversion circuits is that the 3rd release can pattern, and this first diode and second diode are because of the electric current conducting of energy-storage travelling wave tube, and this energy-storage travelling wave tube release electric energy is to series battery.
The invention provides a kind of crystal battery level balancer, the current potential in order to the series battery such as gradeization is characterized in that: each monocell cross-over connection is in a power conversion circuits, and this power conversion circuits connects with the crystal lattice type framework.
Wherein, this power conversion circuits has a first node, one Section Point, one the 3rd node and one the 4th node, described first node to the three nodes connect in regular turn one first element switch and one first diode, and the 3rd node is the positive pole of this first diode, described Section Point to the four nodes connect in regular turn one second diode and one second element switch, and this Section Point is the negative pole of this second diode, one energy-storage travelling wave tube has one first end and one second end, this first is terminated between described first element switch and first diode, and this second is terminated between described second diode and second element switch.
Crystal battery level balancer of being implemented according to the present invention and power conversion circuits, to make product have simple circuit framework and be easy to and make, and the dressing of modularity circuit bank is easy, crystal battery level balancer of the present invention is not owing to need transformer, so the tool greater efficiency, and can operate in discontinuous mode and reach zero current and switch, reduce switching losses, in addition, the present invention organizes the Balance Control policy selection of changes such as current potential many for series-connected cell.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the circuit framework figure of deflection type cell potential balancing apparatus;
Fig. 2 is the circuit framework figure based on the cell potential balancing apparatus of unit electric weight distribution;
Fig. 3 is the circuit framework figure based on the decentralized cell potential balancing apparatus of total electric weight distribution;
Fig. 4 is the circuit framework figure based on the concentrated cell potential balancing apparatus of total electric weight distribution;
Fig. 5 is a staged cell potential balancing circuitry Organization Chart of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the circuit framework figure of crystal battery level balancer of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the circuit framework figure of power conversion circuits of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the circuit framework figure of crystal battery level balancer of the present invention, wherein the clear energy storage current path that discloses of a power conversion circuits;
Fig. 9 for releasing of power conversion circuits of the present invention can current path figure;
Figure 10 is the circuit framework figure of crystal battery level balancer specific embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Though the present invention will consult and contain the appended graphic of preferred embodiment of the present invention and fully describe, before describing, this should be appreciated that the personage who is familiar with one's own profession can be modified in invention described herein, obtains effect of the present invention simultaneously.Therefore, must understand following description to the personage that is familiar with one's own profession skill and Yan Weiyi discloses widely, and its content does not lie in restriction the present invention.
Please refer to Fig. 5, show staged cell potential balancing circuitry Organization Chart of the present invention.The invention provides a kind of cell potential balancing apparatus, comprise a plurality of level balancers, be applicable to high serial number battery occasion.This level balancer has hierarchy type framework 5, the ground floor of this hierarchy type framework (bottom) level balancer 2 is to carry out change such as current potential between adjacent single cells, and the later level balancer 2 of the second layer is to carry out change such as current potential between adjacent series battery 4 (or group), and wherein the number of batteries of the series battery 4 (or group) of higher level level balancer 2 grades is more than the number of batteries of the series battery 4 (or group) of lower level level balancer 2 grades.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 5, cell potential balancing apparatus of the present invention is exemplary to comprise nine level balancers, is used for the changes such as current potential of 12 battery strings joint groups, and this level balancer forms three layers pyramid structure 5.The ground floor level balancer carries out changes such as current potential respectively between the monocell to the series connection of two batteries, and the series connection of two batteries is considered as a group 4, so the corresponding group of ground floor level balancer 2 difference etc. change the current potential between monocell.Second layer level balancer 2 carries out changes such as current potential respectively to 4 of three groups, in other words, and the current potential between three series batteries such as second layer level balancer 2 gradeizations.The 3rd layer of level balancer then carries out between group changes such as current potential to two big groups, in other words, the 3rd layer of level balancer etc. are changed the current potential of (each series battery is connected by six batteries) between two series batteries.
Please refer to Fig. 6, show the circuit framework figure of crystal battery level balancer of the present invention.Crystal battery level balancer of the present invention is in order to monocell current potential or group's (series-connected cell) current potential of series battery such as gradeization, crystal battery level balancer as shown in Figure 6 is the monocell current potential of series battery such as gradeization, and wherein monocell 3 can be replaced by a group or a series connection battery.Crystal battery level balancer of the present invention comprises a plurality of power conversion circuits 10, each power conversion circuits 10 corresponding monocell 3 or group, and this power conversion circuits 10 forms with crystal lattice type framework 20, and this crystal lattice type framework 20 is as shown in Figure 6.
Please refer to Fig. 7, show the circuit framework figure of power conversion circuits of the present invention.Power conversion circuits 10 of the present invention is one to have the network of four nodes, is respectively node 1, node 2, node 3 and node 4.This power conversion circuits 10 comprises an inductance L, the first element switch SW1, the first diode D1, the second element switch SW2 and the second diode D2, connect the in regular turn first element switch SW1 and the first diode D1 of node 1 to node 3 wherein, and the positive pole of the first diode D1 (the P utmost point) to be the negative pole (the N utmost point) of node 3, the first diode D1 connect one of first element switch SW1 end; Node 2 to node 4 connect the in regular turn second diode D2 and the second element switch SW2 connect the end of the second element switch SW2 and the negative pole of the second diode D2 is the positive pole of node 2, the second diode D2; This inductance L cross-over connection is between the positive pole of the negative pole of the first diode D1 and the second diode D2.
In preferred embodiment of the present invention, inductance L is the energy-storage travelling wave tube of power conversion circuits 10, by by the conducting (ON) of the control first element switch SW1 and the second element switch SW2 with close (OFF) state, can make power conversion circuits operate in the energy storage pattern or release the energy pattern.When the control first element switch SW1 and the second element switch SW2 are conducting, cross-over connection between node 1 and node 4 monocell or series-connected cell with electrical power storage in this inductance L; When controlling the first element switch SW1 and the second element switch SW2 respectively for closing or another switch of one switch conduction when closing, the conducting or the cut-off state of then looking the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 will be discharged the electric energy of inductance L by two different nodes.In addition, in specific embodiment, first element switch and second element switch can close thyristor (GTO) or silicon control rectification crystal (SCR) constant power semiconductor element switch is implemented by insulated gate bipolar electric crystal (IGBT, insulated gate bipolar transistor) or lock.
Please refer to Fig. 8, show the circuit framework figure of crystal battery level balancer of the present invention, wherein a power conversion circuits 10 clear circuit frameworks that disclose.The crystal battery level balancer according to the present invention can carry out the changes such as current potential of series battery, and each power conversion circuits 10 can be converted to all the other series-connected cells with the electric energy of a monocell or a group (series-connected cell).At embodiment shown in Figure 8, series battery is to be composed in series the node 1 and the node 4 of energy-storage battery 30 cross-over connections one power conversion circuits 10 in crystal lattice type framework 20 with back battery pack 32 by preceding battery pack 31, energy-storage battery 30 in regular turn.When the first element switch SW1 and the second element switch SW2 were conducting, power conversion circuits 10 operated in the energy storage pattern, the energy storage current i of energy-storage battery along energy storage current path 41 with electrical power storage in inductance L.
And then with reference to figure 9, show that releasing of power conversion circuits of the present invention can current path figure, and remaining power conversion circuits is not drawn.When the first element switch SW1 is conducting and the second element switch SW2 when closing, power conversion circuits 10 is that first release can pattern, the first diode D1 ends because of connect with back battery pack 32 bias voltage of current potential of energy-storage battery 30, the second diode D2 conducting, releasing of inductance L can current i be released extremely preceding battery pack 31 along energy storage current path 42 with electric energy.
When the first element switch SW1 is conducting for closing the second element switch SW2, power conversion circuits 10 is that second release can pattern, the second diode D2 ends because of connect with energy-storage battery 30 bias voltage of current potential of preceding battery pack 31, the first diode D1 conducting, releasing of inductance L can current i be released extremely back battery pack 32 along energy storage current path 43 with electric energy.
When the first element switch SW1 for close and the second element switch SW2 when closing, power conversion circuits is that the 3rd release can pattern, the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 conducting, releasing of inductance L can current i be released extremely whole series battery along energy storage current path 44 with electric energy.
Please refer to Figure 10 at last, show the circuit framework figure of crystal battery level balancer specific embodiment of the present invention.This embodiment is with three power conversion circuits 11,12,13 composition crystal lattice type frameworks are example, and each power conversion circuits can corresponding monocell or series-connected cell, the node 1 of the power conversion circuits 11 of wherein corresponding first monocell 31 or first group of series-connected cell 31 is connected with node 2, this power conversion circuits 11 operates second only, and release with the third can pattern, and store electrical energy is released into back battery pack 30,32 or whole series batteries; The node 3 of the power conversion circuits 13 of corresponding last monocell 32 or last group series-connected cell 32 is connected with node 4, this power conversion circuits 13 operates first only, and release with the third can pattern, store electrical energy is released into preceding battery pack 31,30 or whole series batteries.
Crystal battery level balancer shown in Figure 10 can be applicable to staged cell potential balancing apparatus shown in Figure 5.When power conversion circuits 11,12, during 13 respectively corresponding monocells, then this crystal battery level balancer is then implemented the ground floor level balancer of staged cell potential balancing apparatus; When power conversion circuits 11,12, during 13 respectively corresponding series-connected cells of being made up of two above batteries, then this crystal battery level balancer is then implemented the second layer level balancer or the higher level level balancer of staged cell potential balancing apparatus.
After describing preferred embodiment of the present invention in detail, being familiar with this technology personage can clearly understand, can carry out various variations and change not breaking away under the application's claim and the spirit, and the present invention also is not subject to the execution mode of the illustrated embodiment of specification, and for example: the power conversion circuits of crystal battery level balancer can corresponding monocell or series-connected cell; The also applicable cell potential balancing apparatus that distributes based on the unit electric weight of crystal battery level balancer.
Claims (11)
1. a power conversion circuits has a first node, a Section Point, one the 3rd node and one the 4th node;
Described first node to the three nodes connect in regular turn one first element switch and one first diode, and the 3rd node is the positive pole of this first diode, described Section Point to the four nodes connect in regular turn one second diode and one second element switch, and this Section Point is the negative pole of this second diode, one energy-storage travelling wave tube has one first end and one second end, this first negative pole that is terminated at first diode, and this second positive pole that is terminated at described second diode;
Described first node and described the 4th node are connected to the anode and the negative terminal of an energy-storage battery respectively;
Described Section Point and described first node are connected to the anode and the negative terminal of battery pack before respectively;
Described the 4th node and described the 3rd node are connected to the anode and the negative terminal of a back battery pack respectively; It is characterized in that:
Described first element switch and second element switch be all during conducting, described energy-storage battery with electrical power storage in this energy-storage travelling wave tube;
When the described first element switch conducting and second element switch are closed, this first diode by and this second diode current flow, described energy-storage travelling wave tube discharges electric energy battery pack before described.
2. power conversion circuits as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described first element switch is closed and during the second element switch conducting, this second diode by and this first diode current flow, described energy-storage travelling wave tube discharges electric energy to described back battery pack.
3. power conversion circuits as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: described first element switch is closed and second element switch when closing, this first diode and all conductings of second diode, described energy-storage travelling wave tube discharge electric energy to the whole series battery of being made up of this preceding battery pack, energy-storage battery and back battery pack.
4. power conversion circuits as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: described energy-storage travelling wave tube is an inductance.
5. power conversion circuits as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: battery pack, back battery pack are made up of monocell or series-connected cell before described.
6. power conversion circuits as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: described first element switch and second element switch are igbt.
7. power conversion circuits as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: described first element switch and second element switch are GTO GT0.
8. power conversion circuits as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: described first element switch and second element switch are silicon control rectification crystal.
9. power conversion circuits, to preceding battery pack and back battery pack, this power conversion circuits has a first node, a Section Point, one the 3rd node and one the 4th node with the power conversion of an energy-storage battery;
Described first node to the three nodes connect in regular turn one first semiconductor switch and one first diode, and the 3rd node is the positive pole of this first diode, described Section Point to the four nodes connect in regular turn one second diode and one second semiconductor switch, and this Section Point is the negative pole of this second diode, and an inductance cross-over connection is between the positive pole of the negative pole of described first diode and described second diode;
Described first node and described the 4th node are connected to the anode and the negative terminal of this energy-storage battery respectively;
Described Section Point and described first node are connected to the anode and the negative terminal of this preceding battery pack respectively;
Described the 4th node and described the 3rd node are connected to the anode and the negative terminal of this back battery pack respectively; It is characterized in that:
Described first semiconductor switch and second semiconductor switch be all during conducting, described energy-storage battery with electrical power storage in this inductance;
When the described first semiconductor switch conducting and second semiconductor switch are closed, this first diode by and this second diode current flow, described inductance discharges electric energy battery pack before described.
10. power conversion circuits as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that:
Described first semiconductor switch is closed and during the second semiconductor switch conducting, this second diode by and this first diode current flow, described inductance discharges electric energy to described back battery pack.
11. as claim 9 or 10 described power conversion circuits, it is characterized in that: described first semiconductor switch is closed and second semiconductor switch when closing, this first diode and all conductings of second diode, described inductance discharge electric energy to the whole series battery of being made up of this preceding battery pack, energy-storage battery and back battery pack.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100884304A CN100524918C (en) | 2005-07-28 | 2005-07-28 | Lattice type battery level balancer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100884304A CN100524918C (en) | 2005-07-28 | 2005-07-28 | Lattice type battery level balancer |
Related Child Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009101329458A Division CN101577439B (en) | 2005-07-28 | 2005-07-28 | Crystal lattice type battery potential balancer |
| CN200810082499XA Division CN101242106B (en) | 2005-07-28 | 2005-07-28 | Crystal battery level balancer |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1905259A CN1905259A (en) | 2007-01-31 |
| CN100524918C true CN100524918C (en) | 2009-08-05 |
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Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2502321A1 (en) * | 2009-11-19 | 2012-09-26 | Robert Bosch GmbH | Balancing electrical voltages of electrical accumulator units |
| FR2956261B1 (en) | 2010-02-05 | 2012-03-09 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | BALANCING SYSTEM FOR BATTERIES OF ACCUMULATORS |
| FR2956260B1 (en) | 2010-02-05 | 2012-04-13 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | CHARGE BALANCING SYSTEM FOR BATTERIES |
| JP5836283B2 (en) | 2010-02-05 | 2015-12-24 | コミサリア ア レネルジ アトミクエ オウ エネルジ アルタナティヴ | Charge equalization system for batteries |
| FR2959885B1 (en) | 2010-05-05 | 2014-12-05 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | POWER BATTERY BALANCING SYSTEM, LOAD BALANCING METHOD, AND CORRESPONDING CHARGE AND FEED BALANCING COMBINATION METHOD |
| CN101944754A (en) * | 2010-08-09 | 2011-01-12 | 上海同异动力科技有限公司 | Direct current step-up/step-down circuit |
| CN101917047B (en) * | 2010-08-20 | 2014-02-26 | 深圳市科列技术有限公司 | Method and circuit for dynamically equalizing battery management system |
| CN103368460A (en) * | 2012-04-09 | 2013-10-23 | 台达电子企业管理（上海）有限公司 | Solar battery pack and method for balancing output current of solar battery module |
| DE102014221867A1 (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2016-04-28 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method and circuit arrangement for active cell balancing of an electrical energy store |
| GB2549768B (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2019-12-04 | Ge Aviat Systems Ltd | Systems and apparatuses for power electronics with high current carrying conductors |
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