A kind of radio frequency distortion linearizing method
Technical field the present invention relates to electrical communication technology and signal amplification sector, relates in particular to the method for the linearization technique, particularly predistortion linear of radiofrequency signal amplification.
Background technology amplifier and the device relevant with transmission, the linearization problem of parts are thorny problems of electronic technology field, especially communication technique field, analog or digital television transmission system always.Along with technical development, the frequency band of system requirements transmission signals is wideer, peak-to-average force ratio is bigger, and the efficient of system is higher, all linearization technique is had higher requirement.Improve the linearisation method in common at present and comprise back-off, feed-forward technique and pre-distortion technology.
Wherein, pre-distortion technology is the important directions of linearization technique development in recent years.It predicted the contingent distortion of amplifier before signal is done to amplify, desire amplifying signal to input carries out in advance distortion in view of the above, again by distortion detection to output signal after amplifying, adaptive control is also optimized the parameter of signal predistortion, thereby weakens or offset amplifier nonlinearity.
Pre-distortion technology is divided into analog predistortion and digital pre-distortion.Digital pre-distortion now mainly applies to digital baseband, it has utilized Digital Signal Processing and adaptive control technology, the mode of general general LUT (Lookup-Table tables look-up) produces corresponding the compensation rate of varying input signal, but system's self adaptation adjustment and optimize the pre-distortion compensated amount.The method of this digital pre-distortion is easy to realize with ASIC (Application Specific IC application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC)), thereby has good application space, productibility preferably, and advantages such as lower cost and greater efficiency are the directions of pre-distortion technology.Analog predistortion is to utilize the nonlinear characteristic of analogue device to realize predistortion, and the specific implementation method has a lot, in general has to realize simply the advantage that cost is low.This point can be found a lot (AnalogPredistortion Linearize for High Power RF Amplifier for example from the relevant documentation of IEEE, IEEE Transactions on MicrowaveTheory and Techniques Vol.48, No.12, December 2000).But because there is discreteness in the own parameter of analogue device that it relied on, this analog predistortion technology unavoidably exists productibility poor, and linear index improves limited shortcoming.
Application number is that the documents of CN 01117679.7, " adaptive RF digital pre-distortion linearization method and circuit thereof " by name discloses a kind of method and circuit that utilizes envelope detection and predistorter to realize predistortion linear, it regulates predistorter according to input envelope signal and feedback signal, produce the pre-distorted signals that requires, predistortion signal components is directly sent into power amplifier, offset with the nonlinear properties component that this power amplifier produces, thereby reach the purpose of transmission channel linearity.The method that this patent application adopts analog predistortion to combine with digital pre-distortion, circuit reduction, the broad band multicarrier characteristic is good.The shortcoming of its existence is to solve the various multistage nonlinear distortion question that exists in the different circuit targetedly.
The summary of the invention the technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of radio frequency distortion linearizing method, be used for the various systems that have nonlinear distortion and nonlinear distortion is limited to some extent, can effectively reduce in the mode of simple and effective or nonlinear distortion that the elimination system produces, thereby guarantee the linearity of system signal processing and the productibility of this implementation, improve the efficient of system.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, of the present inventionly be contemplated that substantially: the second nonlinear that utilizes broadband signal, produce the low-frequency component of input signal second nonlinear by low-pass filtering, be divided into two-way, respectively by homophase or anti-phase selection and amplitude adjustment, synthetic separately at two-way distorted signal generating unit respectively again with input signal through the time delay coupling, form the two-way carrier signal phase and differ 90 °, it is quadrature, output signal, thereby the third-order non-linear that the second nonlinear that has utilized the distorted signal generating unit produces produces desired three rank pre-distorted signals, and can utilize simultaneously the low frequency composition signal of described two-way second nonlinear, easily to the width of cloth of described pre-distorted signals mutually and four mutually limit adjust: the amplitude of the low-frequency component by control two paths of signals second nonlinear realizes the amplitude of pre-distorted signals and the adjustment of phase place, the homophase of the low-frequency component by adjusting second nonlinear and the four-quadrant adjustment of anti-phase characteristic realization pre-distorted signals; In the higher linear system that requires, it is also conceivable that to produce the multistage non-linear multistage pre-distorted signals that generates.
As first technical scheme that realizes the present invention's design be, a kind of radio frequency distortion linearizing method is provided, be used for the various systems that have nonlinear distortion and nonlinear distortion is limited to some extent, produce pre-distorted signals from input signal and come the non-linear of bucking-out system output, described method comprises step
A) input signal 101 is divided into two-way through splitter 102, and one the tunnel through after the time delay coupling 112, is sent to the first and second input signal synthesis units 114,115 respectively by homophase or 113 fens two-way of quadrature shunt;
B) another road produces the nonlinear low frequency composition signal in 2N rank behind N squaring circuit of connecting step by step and a filter, it is sent to width of cloth phase adjustment unit divides two-way to carry out amplitude or phase place adjustment, adjusted two-way output signal is sent to the described second and first input signal synthesis unit 115,114 respectively;
C) output signal of the described first and second input signal synthesis units 114,115 respectively produces the nonlinear pre-distorted signals in 2N+1 rank through one road distorted signal generating unit 116,117, and this unit, two-way pre-distorted signals ECDC road 118 synthetic one tunnel is sent to radio frequency amplifier 119.
As second technical scheme that realizes the present invention's design be, a kind of radio frequency distortion linearizing method be provided, comprise step,
A) input signal 101 is divided into two-way through splitter 102, and one the tunnel behind the first time delay unit 112, is sent to the first and second input signal synthesis units 114,115 separately by 113 fens two-way of signal shunt;
B) another road is divided into two-way again behind first square of path 103, one the tunnel through low pass filter 104, be sent to first width of cloth phase adjustment unit 106 behind the second time delay unit 105, second square of path 108, another road, be sent to second width of cloth phase adjustment unit 110 behind the 3rd time delay unit 109, described first width of cloth phase adjustment unit 106 and second width of cloth output of adjustment unit 110 mutually are divided into two-way, be sent to the first and second signal plus unit 107 respectively, 111, the described first and second signal plus unit 107, the described second and first input signal synthesis unit 115 is sent in 111 output respectively, 114;
C) output signal of the described first and second input signal synthesis units 114,115 respectively produces pre-distorted signals through one road distorted signal generating unit 116,117, and this unit, two-way pre-distorted signals ECDC road 118 synthetic one tunnel is sent to radio frequency amplifier 119.
As the 3rd technical scheme that realizes the present invention's design be, the method that provides a kind of pre-distorted signals width of cloth of realizing radio frequency distortion linearizing method to adjust mutually, be used for the various systems that have nonlinear distortion, when input signal is divided two-way to produce pre-distorted signals to come bucking-out system output non-linear, one road signal is wherein adjusted, step is
A) described one road signal is divided into two-way, the one tunnel is sent to first and second respectively through 302 fens two-way of homophase output selects phase output unit 303,307, and another road is sent to described first and second respectively through 306 fens two-way of anti-phase output and is selected phase output unit 303,307;
B) under the effect of selecting the phase control signal that system sends here, described first and second select phase output unit 303,307 to export one tunnel signal through homophase and the processing of anti-phase characteristic respectively is sent to the first and second corresponding amplitude adjustment unit 304,308;
C) under the effect of the amplitude control signal that system sends here, described first and second amplitude adjustment unit 304,308 are exported one tunnel signal through the amplitude processing respectively.
Above-mentioned several technical scheme, realization that can pure simulation, realization that also can pure digi-tal; Adopt it, can produce each rank pre-distorted signals of independent control, and select the exponent number of compensation pre-distorted signals as required; Can be easily realize adjustment, thereby make the system linearity index reach good improvement, productibility is preferably arranged by simple adaptive control to synthetic pre-distorted signals by the low frequency composition signal that adjusts the two-way second nonlinear; Described scheme adopts the analog predistortion technology, and core circuit is realized simple, and power consumption is less, and the partial circuit of system can also realize with digital circuit, thereby when linearisation was effective, cost was lower, and productibility is higher.
Description of drawings Fig. 1 is the FB(flow block) that the present invention produces the third-order non-linear pre-distorted signals;
Fig. 2 produces the FB(flow block) that comprises the nonlinear pre-distorted signals in five rank;
Fig. 3 is a radio-frequency power amplifier predistortion linearized system composition frame chart;
Fig. 4 is the operation principle block diagram of width of cloth phase adjustment unit.
Below the embodiment, the most preferred embodiment shown in is described in further detail the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the FB(flow block) that the present invention produces the third-order non-linear pre-distorted signals.Input signal 101 is divided into two-way through splitter 102, and one the tunnel through after squares 103, produced the second nonlinear component of input signal, by low-pass filtering 104, can take out the low frequency component of described second nonlinear signal.Then signal is divided into two-way, handle generation respectively and the signal of input signal homophase and anti-phase signal by homophase 302 and anti-phase 306, described homophase 302 and anti-phase 306 output all divide two-way to be sent to two respectively again to select facies unit 303,307, do the amplitude adjustment by its corresponding one of selecting each one road homophase output or reversed-phase output signal to be sent to respectively in two amplitude adjustment unit 304,308, each produces one and finishes the second nonlinear low frequency composition signal 305,309 that the width of cloth is handled mutually; The operation principle of this part width of cloth phase adjustment unit also is shown in Fig. 4 separately.
Other one the tunnel through time delay coupling 112, again through homophase or quadrature along separate routes 113 homophases or quadrature be divided into two-way along separate routes, to finish the second nonlinear low frequency composition signal 305,309 that the width of cloth handles mutually synthetic in 115,114 additions of two input signal synthesis units with described two-way respectively.The synthetic signal of described two input signal synthesis units, 114,115 additions is sent to two distortion generating units 116,117 respectively, utilize the third-order non-linear of the second nonlinear generation of described distorted signal generating unit to produce desired pre-distorted signals, and this two-way carrier wave quadrature or quasi-orthogonal three rank pre-distorted signals are sent to radio frequency amplifier 119 through mixer 118 quadratures or with being combined to one the tunnel.
The time delay that one road signal of 112 pairs of splitters of time delay coupling, 102 outputs provides, make this signal through homophase or quadrature along separate routes 113 signals that are sent to the described second or first input signal synthesis unit 115,114, align with another signal time delay that enters the described second or first input signal synthesis unit 115,114.The effect that is described time delay coupling 112 is, time delay when the signals that process homophase or quadrature shunt 113 is exported enter input signal synthesis unit 114 with the signal of amplitude adjustment unit 308 outputs is alignd, and the time delay the when signals that process homophase or quadrature shunt 113 is exported enter input signal synthesis unit 115 with the signal of amplitude adjustment unit 304 outputs is alignd.
Like this, in radio-frequency power amplifier predistortion linearized system as shown in Figure 3, input signal 101 is divided into two-way through signal branching unit 102, wherein one the tunnel enter the line of time delay unit, another road enters pre-distortion unit, the output signal of described line of time delay unit and pre-distortion unit is sent to signal synthesis unit, send into radio-frequency power amplifier 119 behind the synthetic pre-distorted signals, its output signal is divided into two-way after entering distortion detection unit 207, one tunnel output as system, another road is extracted distorted signal and is given self-adaptive controller 208, self-adaptive controller 208 produces the amplitude-phase parameter that control signal is adjusted described pre-distortion unit, thereby adjust described pre-distorted signals, with the linearisation output effect of acquisition system the best.
In theory, the distorted signal amplitude same phase that the pre-distorted signals that pre-distortion unit produces finally wants and treat components for predistortion to produce is opposite, and width of cloth phase adjustment unit is exactly the coupling that will realize amplitude and phase place.The concrete grammar that the control signal that described self-adaptive controller 208 produces is adjusted described pre-distorted signals by described width of cloth phase adjustment unit as shown in Figure 4, the concrete elaboration is, the desire that to import is earlier adjusted signal and is divided into two-way, one the tunnel is sent to first and second respectively through 302 fens two-way of homophase output selects phase output unit 303,307, and another road is sent to described first and second respectively through 306 fens two-way of anti-phase output and is selected phase output unit 303,307; Under the effect of selecting the phase control signal that system sends here, described first and second select phase output unit 303,307 to export one tunnel signal through homophase and the processing of anti-phase characteristic respectively is sent to the first and second corresponding amplitude adjustment unit 304,308 then; Last under the effect of the amplitude control signal that system sends here, described first and second amplitude adjustment unit 304,308 are exported one tunnel signal through the amplitude processing respectively.Because homophase 302 and anti-phase 306 is handled the carrier wave quadrature or the accurate quadrature of the low frequency composition signal of the two-way second nonlinear of exporting, described two paths of signals is carried out amplitude or phase place adjustment, can adjust the pre-distorted signals characteristic: described control signal is adjusted the homophase of this two paths of signals and the four-quadrant adjustment that anti-phase characteristic can realize pre-distorted signals by selecting facies unit, controls the adjustment that its amplitude can realize the amplitude and the phase place of pre-distorted signals by amplitude adjustment unit.
The above-mentioned amplitude-phase adjustment that realizes amplitude adjustment unit by adaptive control, its target is the distorted signal minimum that makes system final, so system detects the size of distorted signal simultaneously by adjusting range and phase place, finally make the distorted signal minimum, determine suitable amplitude and phase place.In self-adaptation control method of the present invention, parameter to be processed can corresponding specific physical quantity, and the influence of these physical quantitys is very directly perceived, and can add a lot of sense datums so that the easier convergence of system, because of it is a prior art, at this not elsewhere specified (NES).
From the foregoing description as seen, the core that system produces pre-distorted signals can be produced by analog circuit, and does not rely on baseband I, Q signal.The application site of the method for radio frequency distortion linearizing of the present invention like this in system can compare flexibly.
In system linearity is required to it is also conceivable that with similar method to generate more high-order nonlinear pre-distorted signals under the higher situation.Its place that is different from the embodiment among above-mentioned Fig. 1 is: a described square of path 103 is substituted with N square path of connecting step by step, the filter of described low-pass filtering 104 with a nonlinear low frequency composition signal in corresponding generation 2N rank substituted, then can export the 2N+1 rank non-linear predistortion signal of corresponding two-way at last at described distorted signal generating unit 116,117 by suitably adjusting the delay parameter of another road time delay matching unit 112.
Often require simultaneously in the system to produce multiple multistage non-linear predistortion signal, can adopt above-mentioned a plurality of unit respectively to provide one road non-linear predistortion signal to make up.As long as it has a kind of 2N+1 rank pre-distorted signals to adopt generation of the present invention and method of adjustment, then its combination is also within protection of the present invention.Provide a kind of generation to comprise the combination embodiment of five rank non-linear predistortion signals below:
As shown in Figure 2, input signal 101 is divided into two paths of signals through signal shunt 102: the one tunnel behind the first time delay unit 112, be divided into two-way by homophase or quadrature shunt 113, described two paths of signals can be homophase output, also can be roughly quadrature output, be sent to the first and second input signal synthesis units 114,115 respectively.
Another road is divided into two-way again after entering the first signal squaring cell 103, wherein one the tunnel enter low-pass filter unit 104 and make low-pass filtering, taking-up low frequency composition signal wherein is sent to the second line of time delay unit 105 and does the time delay adjustment, makes the adjusted signal of time delay and enters the adjustment that first width of cloth phase adjustment unit 106 is made amplitude-phase; Square processing is done through secondary signal squaring cell 108 in another road, then after the 3rd line of time delay unit 109 time delay processing, enters the adjustment that second width of cloth phase adjustment unit 110 is made amplitude-phase.The process that described width of cloth phase adjustment unit 106,110 is adjusted width of cloth phase is seen Fig. 4, and sets forth in above-mentioned length.The output of described first and second width of cloth phase adjustment units 106,110 all is divided into two-way again, be sent to the first and second signal plus unit 107,111 respectively, the described second and first input signal synthesis unit 115,114 is sent in the low frequency component output that the described first and second signal plus unit 107,111 produce respectively.
Each produces pre-distorted signals through one road distorted signal generating unit 116,117 output signal of the described first and second input signal synthesis units 114,115, unit, described two-way pre-distorted signals ECDC road 118 synthetic one tunnel, two paths of signals can be with being combined to when synthetic, also can be anti-phase synthetic, but final two paths of signals quadrature in phase or accurate quadrature; The pre-distorted signals of radio frequency amplifier 119 is sent in described combiner unit 118 outputs.
Equally, described second with the effect of the 3rd line of time delay unit 105,109 be make first and second width of cloth mutually the signal of adjustment unit 106,110 output on time domain, align, that is to say, make the signal of first and second width of cloth phase adjustment units, 106,110 outputs arrive the first and second signal plus unit 107,111 simultaneously; The effect of the first line of time delay unit 112 is that time delay is alignd, make in other words conj.or perhaps through homophase or quadrature along separate routes signals time delay when signal that the first signal plus unit 107 is exported enters the second input signal synthesis unit 115 of 113 outputs align.
The inventive method is different from common analog predistortion and utilizes that a kind of analogue device is non-linear to remove the another kind of device non-linear method of match, but utilizes the characteristic of general-purpose simulation device, produces the analog predistortion signal that needs; Can realize the computing of simulating, the amplitude modulation of radio frequency, phase modulation again easily; Proofread and correct if only consider three rank, cost is no more than 100 yuans, and therefore simultaneously fine productibility difference and the limited shortcoming of improvement of having solved have good application prospects.
Utilize the inventive method, experimental results show that the ACLR (Adjacent Channel LeakagePower Ratio) that can make WCDMA two carrier waves obtains the above improvement of 15dB, and circuit form is simple, power consumption and cost are lower, can also realize with digital method.