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CN100484742C - 用于生产具有口部构件的袋子的方法和设备 - Google Patents

用于生产具有口部构件的袋子的方法和设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN100484742C
CN100484742C CNB2005800091813A CN200580009181A CN100484742C CN 100484742 C CN100484742 C CN 100484742C CN B2005800091813 A CNB2005800091813 A CN B2005800091813A CN 200580009181 A CN200580009181 A CN 200580009181A CN 100484742 C CN100484742 C CN 100484742C
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
spout member
sack
melt bonded
spout
circulator
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Expired - Fee Related
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CNB2005800091813A
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English (en)
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CN1933960A (zh
Inventor
水尾隆之
中川照章
松本薰宏
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Ajinomoto Co Inc
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Ajinomoto Co Inc
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7858—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus characterised by the feeding movement of the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/7861—In-line machines, i.e. feeding, joining and discharging are in one production line
    • B29C65/7867—In-line machines, i.e. feeding, joining and discharging are in one production line using carriers, provided with holding means, said carriers moving in a closed path
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1429—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1432—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface direct heating of the surfaces to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1496—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation making use of masks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7858—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus characterised by the feeding movement of the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/7879—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus characterised by the feeding movement of the parts to be joined said parts to be joined moving in a closed path, e.g. a rectangular path
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/02—Preparation of the material, in the area to be joined, prior to joining or welding
    • B29C66/024—Thermal pre-treatments
    • B29C66/0242—Heating, or preheating, e.g. drying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/03—After-treatments in the joint area
    • B29C66/034—Thermal after-treatments
    • B29C66/0342—Cooling, e.g. transporting through welding and cooling zone
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
    • B29C66/133—Fin-type joints, the parts to be joined being flexible
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/24—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight
    • B29C66/242—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/532—Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/5326—Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars said single elements being substantially flat
    • B29C66/53261—Enclosing tubular articles between substantially flat elements
    • B29C66/53262—Enclosing spouts between the walls of bags, e.g. of medical bags
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/532—Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/5326—Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars said single elements being substantially flat
    • B29C66/53261—Enclosing tubular articles between substantially flat elements
    • B29C66/53262—Enclosing spouts between the walls of bags, e.g. of medical bags
    • B29C66/53263—Enclosing spouts between the walls of bags, e.g. of medical bags said spouts comprising wings, e.g. said spouts being of ship-like or canoe-like form to avoid leaks in the corners
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81431—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single cavity, e.g. a groove
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29C66/83221—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis cooperating reciprocating tools, each tool reciprocating along one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
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    • B29C65/1403—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the type of electromagnetic or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1412—Infrared [IR] radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81411—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat
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Abstract

本发明涉及用于生产具有口部构件的袋子的方法和设备。一种用于通过不透水地熔融粘合包括热塑性树脂的口部构件(1)和包括较软的柔性薄膜(2)的袋部生产具有口部构件(1)的袋子的方法，在该方法中，可使口部构件(1)的表面温度均匀，防止产生A形间隙(22)，并生产在口部构件(1)和袋部之间的熔融粘合部分的不透水性非常好的具有口部构件(1)的袋子；本发明还提供了用于该方法的生产设备。该方法包括在该管状口部构件(1)绕其柱体轴线旋转时预热该口部构件的预热步骤，以及熔融粘合步骤，该步骤将加热过的口部构件(1)插入该袋部的开口部分并挤压，从而将该口部构件(1)熔融粘合在该袋部的开口部分上。

Description

用于生产具有口部构件的袋子的方法和设备
对相关申请的交叉参考
本申请要求于2004年3月30日提交的日本专利申请No.2004-97452、于2005年1月20日提交的日本专利申请No.2005-12590和于2004年4月9日提交的美国临时专利申请No.60/560,620的优先权，这些申请的内容引用在此作为参考。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种生产用于容纳各种医药制剂、生理盐水、输液剂(例如葡萄糖溶液和血液)等的具有口部构件的袋子的方法。更具体地，本发明涉及一种用于口部构件预加热步骤的加热方法，该方法可有效地将包括热塑性树脂的管状口部构件不透水地熔融粘合到包括较柔软的柔性薄膜的袋部上。本发明还涉及一种用于上述生产方法的生产设备。
背景技术
具有口部构件的袋子用于医药容器例如输液袋、具有管口的食品容器等。在医药容器的领域内，对包括合成树脂的医药容器而不是传统的玻璃制成的医药容器的使用逐渐增加。合成树脂制成的医药容器包括通过吹塑法生产的容器，和通过使用通过膨胀或T模模制生产的柔性薄膜制成的袋状容器。具体地，使用用柔性薄膜制成的袋状容器的情况增加。
这是因为，例如，使用柔性薄膜制成的袋状容器具有薄且均匀的厚度，使得在使用之后的体积减小并继而浪费减小，能以差不多恒定的速率排出输液剂直到排出最后的内容物，并且当液体减少时，容器的体积减小而不允许空气进入，从而不会因空气而被各种细菌污染。图8作为目前使用的医药容器的示例示出输液剂袋子，该袋子具有口部构件，其中袋部包括用于容纳医药液体的柔性薄膜2，图9所示的空心柱状体1用作填充或排出医药液体的口部构件，通过将口部构件1插在袋部的两个薄膜片21之间并热粘合口部构件和薄膜片来固定它们。
在具有口部构件的袋子内，为了将口部构件固定在薄膜上，必须将三维形状的口部构件不透水地固定在二维平面薄膜上，并且如图10所示，有时在两个薄膜片和口部构件的熔融粘合部分之间会产生A形间隙22(下文中，此间隙被称为“A形间隙”)，该间隙会导致液体内容物泄漏。特别地，在薄膜厚度为100μm或更大的厚薄膜的情况下，即使薄膜在受热熔融粘合时与口部构件形状相一致地变形，但熔融粘合部分有时会由于薄膜的恢复应力而分离。此外，在通过使用密封模具将口部构件和薄膜夹在中间以熔融粘合它们时，使薄膜符合口部构件的形状会使薄膜受到过大的拉伸应力，这存在使薄膜变薄或在薄膜内形成孔的风险。
为了防止薄膜由于受热而发生这种变形或在薄膜内形成孔，已知一种经由粘合剂将耐热层层压在薄膜上并使用得到的耐热性提高的层压薄膜的方法，和一种使用粘合剂固定该薄膜和口部构件的方法。但是，粘合剂有时会溶解出，并且其的使用在医学领域内不是优选的。因此，需要通过直接熔融粘合使薄膜和口部构件成一体。
口部构件与袋部的熔融粘合是通过将口部构件插入袋部的开口部件并在受热情况下从外部挤压它们执行的。但是，当在受热情况下被挤压时，袋部的柔性薄膜由于温度升高而在口部构件熔融之前熔融，并且易于变薄，从而柔性薄膜的变薄会使得袋子的落下(drop)强度减小，易于形成针孔并继而当制造具有口部构件的袋子时生产率降低。
作为不透水地熔融粘合包括柔性薄膜的袋部和口部构件而不产生A形间隙以便提高生产率的方法，已知一种使用加热过的口部构件熔融粘合薄膜的方法。
在口部构件的预热步骤内，必须执行加热以使口部构件的表面温度均匀，以便在后面的步骤中当口部构件与薄膜熔融粘合时，数量大得足以填充A形间隙的树脂可熔融并从口部构件延伸到薄膜之间的空间，以可靠地防止液体泄漏，从而口部构件和薄膜之间的密封强度可均匀，并且可防止口部构件热变形。
对于加热口部构件的技术，公开了一种使用辐射热加热口部构件来熔融粘合口部构件的技术(见例如专利文献1)。
根据专利文献1内公开的方法，在将口部构件熔融粘合在薄膜上之前，利用温度为600℃到800℃的加热器的辐射热在从口部构件的熔融粘合部分的材料的软化点到比熔点高13℃的温度下加热口部构件的熔融粘合部分的表面层，被加热的口部构件被相对于该口部构件对称的薄条带成形模具从两侧挤压以形成翅片状的薄条带，保持在加热状态下的口部构件插在薄膜之间，并使用热密封模具将口部构件熔融粘合在薄膜上。对于在此用于加热的加热器，在口部构件为完整圆形的情况下，使用直径比口部构件的熔融粘合部分的直径大几mm的环状加热器。
在专利文献1内公开的预热步骤的方法内，辐射加热必须通过将环状加热器和柱状口部构件设置成该环的中心与该柱体轴线一致来执行，从而柱状口部构件的熔融粘合部分表面可被均匀地加热。
在此方法内，为了提高加热效率，环状加热器的内径比柱状口部构件的熔融粘合部分的外径大至少大约2到3mm，并且当估计通常使用的柱状口部构件的尺寸时，所述环状加热器的内径为大约10到30mm。这种小的环状加热器的生热部分的温度分布容易不均匀，并且即使当柱状口部构件的柱体轴线和环状加热器的中心一致时，口部构件的表面温度不一定均匀。通常，需要在用眼观察口部构件表面的熔融状态时进行精细地调节口部构件和环状加热器的相对位置并且确定位置的操作，这需要进行很多劳动并花费很多时间，还需要技巧。
如果此操作不恰当，则在口部构件表面上会存在不均匀的温度分布，从而会出现一些致命的缺陷例如在后面的步骤内由于熔融树脂从口部构件不均匀地流到A形间隙导致的液体泄漏，由于薄膜熔融粘合强度的局部减小导致的分离或袋破裂，以及由于口部构件局部熔融或不平衡的热膨胀导致的口部构件变形。另外，如果口部构件的表面温度过高，则会产生有缺陷的口部构件树脂，并且此有缺陷的产品可能会装在熔融焊接部分内，并导致液体泄漏或会硬塞入袋子中。
因此，在预热步骤内确保口部构件的均匀表面温度是用于确保稳定地生产具有口部构件的高质量袋子的非常重要的因素，(本发明的)主要目标是容易和可靠地使口部构件的表面温度均匀。
专利文献1：日本专利No.3048486
发明内容
在这些情况下提出本发明，本发明的主要目标是提供一种这样的方法，该方法能够在预热步骤内使口部构件的表面温度均匀，稳定地防止产生A形间隙，并从而获得在口部构件和袋部之间的熔融粘合部分的不透水性非常好的具有口部构件的袋子，并且还提供一种用于此方法的生产设备。
作为对其中可防止产生A形间隙的用于生产具有口部构件的袋子的方法进行深入研究的结果，本发明人已发现当管状口部构件绕其柱体轴线旋转时，可使该口部构件的表面温度均匀。
即，本发明涉及一种用于生产具有口部构件的袋子的方法和设备，这在下面的(1)到(12)内说明。
(1)一种通过熔融粘合包括热塑性树脂的管状口部构件和包括柔性薄膜的袋部来生产具有口部构件的袋子的方法，所述方法包括：在使管状口部构件绕其柱体轴线旋转时预热该口部构件，将加热过的口部构件插入袋部的开口部分并挤压，从而将口部构件熔融粘合在袋部的开口部分上。
(2)如上文(1)内所述的生产具有口部构件的袋子的方法，其中通过辐射热进行预热。
(3)如上文(1)或(2)内所述的生产具有口部构件的袋子的方法，其中在将加热过的口部构件插入袋部的开口部分并挤压、熔融粘合期间，通过抽出袋部内的空气来使袋部的内部减压。
(4)如上文(1)到(3)内任一项所述的生产具有口部构件的袋子的方法，其中这样生产具有口部构件的袋子：使口部构件旋转器移动通过预热循环，其中口部构件设置在口部构件旋转器上并在旋转的同时被加热；以及熔融粘合，其中所述口部构件旋转器上的口部构件熔融粘合在袋部的开口部分上、冷却并与作为具有口部构件的袋子的袋子一起取下。
(5)一种通过如上文(1)到(4)中任一项内所述的生产具有口部构件的袋子的方法生产的具有口部构件的袋子。
(6)一种通过熔融粘合包括热塑性树脂的管状口部构件和包括柔性薄膜的袋部来生产具有口部构件的袋子的设备，所述设备包括用于口部构件的预热器，和用于使该被加热的管状口部构件绕所述口部构件的柱体轴线旋转的口部构件旋转器。
(7)一种通过熔融粘合包括热塑性树脂的管状口部构件和包括柔性薄膜的袋部来生产具有口部构件的袋子的设备，所述设备包括：用于使管状口部构件绕所述口部构件的柱体轴线旋转的口部构件旋转器；用于将口部构件提供给并设置在所述旋转器上的口部构件供给器；用于旋转的口部构件的预热器；用于将加热过的口部构件插入袋部的开口部分并挤压，从而熔融粘合该口部构件和该袋部的开口部分的熔融粘合装置；用于熔融粘合好的具有口部构件的袋子的冷却器；以及用于取下冷却过的具有口部构件的袋子的去除装置。
(8)一种如上文(6)或(7)所述的生产具有口部构件的袋子的设备，其中口部构件旋转器包括用于可滑动地支承口部构件的支承件，用于将口部构件的不加热部分可取下地固定在支承件上的支承件基底端部，和用于使口部构件旋转的从动部件。
(9)一种如上文(6)到(8)中任一项所述的生产具有口部构件的袋子的设备，其中口部构件旋转器适于依次移动通过包括口部构件供应、预热、熔融粘合、冷却并取下具有口部构件的袋子的循环。
(10)一种如上文(6)到(9)中任一项所述的生产具有口部构件的袋子的设备，其中预热器的热源具有直线形状。
(11)一种如上文(6)到(10)中任一项所述的生产具有口部构件的袋子的设备，其中预热器的热源包括一对相对的热源。
(12)一种如上文(6)到(11)中任一项所述的生产具有口部构件的袋子的设备，其中口部构件旋转器具有用于抽出具有口部构件的袋子内的空气的管道。
上述的目标可通过此生产方法和此设备的开发而实现。
根据本发明的生产具有口部构件的袋子的方法，口部构件的表面在预热时被均匀地加热，并且通过均匀的表面温度，可以可靠地形成翅片状薄条带，并且可稳定地防止产生A形间隙，从而可防止从具有口部构件的袋子泄漏液体。此外，可防止构成袋部的薄膜由于口部构件过热而变薄，从而该袋子可保持高落下强度，并且可提高制造具有口部构件的袋子例如医药容器的生产率。因此，本发明的生产方法是有用的。
附图说明
图1是示出口部构件旋转器的一个示例的透视图；
图2是图1内所示的口部构件旋转器的支承件基底端部以及附近的局部放大视图；
图3是示出预热器的一个示例的透视图；
图4是预加热状态的横截面视图；
图5是具有口部构件的袋子的生产设备的一个示例；
图6是密封模具的横截面视图；
图7是当口部构件和袋部被减压并熔融粘合时的横截面视图；
图8是输液袋；
图9是口部构件；
图10是具有间隙的A形部分的横截面视图；
图11是A形部件的横截面视图，该A形部件使用具有从其延伸出的薄条带的口部构件。
具体实施方式
下文参照附图详细说明本发明。
图9内所示的形成具有口部构件的袋子的液体入口/出口的口部构件1包括热塑性树脂并具有圆形横截面。图9内所示的口部构件1的下部形成熔融粘合在袋部上的口部构件熔融粘合部分12，上部具有其中设有橡皮塞或橡皮塞体部的直径增大且具有阶梯的橡皮塞接纳部分11。口部构件的外横截面形状并不仅局限于圆形，而是可以为几乎内接于圆的另一种形状例如正方形或正六边形。
目前使用的大部分口部构件1的外径为7到25mm，厚度为0.5到3mm而高度为大约20到80mm。
用于口部构件1的热塑性树脂的示例包括聚酯树脂(例如聚乙烯对苯二甲酸酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯)，基于聚烯烃的树脂(例如聚丙烯，聚乙烯)，聚碳酸酯、聚醚砜和环状聚烯。其中，优选地为基于聚烯烃的树脂，更优选地为基于聚乙烯的树脂的单或混合树脂例如高密度聚乙烯、线型低密度聚乙烯、高压低密度聚乙烯和使用茂金属催化剂生产的聚乙烯。此热塑性树脂优选地为与构成袋部的柔性薄膜的树脂相同或包括该树脂的树脂，这是因为当使用与柔性薄膜相同的树脂时，可获得强熔融粘合。
口部构件1可具有多层结构。具体地，口部构件优选地具有这样的结构，即形成熔融粘合面的最外层具有与构成袋部的柔性薄膜的最内层相同的树脂或相同系的树脂，并且内层是其耐热性高于口部构件的最外层且具有高刚性的树脂。此结构是有利的，这是因为在加热期间可防止口部构件的变形，甚至在注射针头偶然与橡皮塞成角度地倾斜地刺入口部构件内时可防止注射针头从口部构件侧面的内部穿透到外部。
袋部包括柔性薄膜2，并且可具有单个室或多个室，该多个室被能够使这些室相互连通的装置分隔。柔性薄膜2的构建材料的示例包括聚烯烃树脂例如聚乙烯、聚丙烯和聚丁烯、聚酰胺树脂和聚脂树脂。构建材料优选地与口部构件1的熔融粘合面为相同类型且具有近似熔点的树脂或者为这种树脂的混合物，并且优选地为选自基于聚烯烃的树脂的热塑性树脂。
柔性薄膜包括单个层或多个层，并且可具有铝、氧化铝、二氧化硅等的蒸汽层积层。柔性薄膜的厚度大约为100到400μm。在多层薄膜的情况下，袋部的内表面优选地由选自以下材料的热塑性树脂制成：与口部构件的熔融粘合面相同的树脂，与口部构件的熔融粘合面为相同类型的或具有近似熔点的构建材料，以及包括这种材料的混合树脂。使用的柔性树脂的示例包括通过膨胀模制生产的管形薄膜和使用T模模制生产的薄膜，并然后被弯曲或一个叠置在另一个之上以形成袋子。
下文将参照图1到6说明本发明的具有口部构件的袋子的生产设备。
本发明的具有口部构件的袋子的生产设备是用于通过熔融粘合包括热塑性树脂的管状口部构件1和包括柔性薄膜2的袋部来生产具有口部构件的袋子的设备，该设备包括用于加热口部构件1的至少一个预热器4，和用于使被加热的管状口部构件1绕其柱体轴线旋转的口部构件旋转器3。
另外，本发明的具有口部构件的袋子的生产设备包括：用于使管状口部构件1绕其柱体轴线旋转的至少一个口部构件旋转器3；用于将口部构件1提供给旋转器并设置口部构件的口部构件供给器5；用于加热旋转的口部构件1的预热器4；用于将被加热的口部构件插入袋部的开口部分并挤压从而熔融粘合口部构件和袋部的开口部分的熔融粘合装置；用于冷却被熔融粘合的具有口部构件的袋子的冷却器；和用于取下被冷却的具有口部构件的袋子的装置。
图1是示出用于本发明的口部构件旋转器3的一个示例的透视图。图1内所示的口部构件旋转器3包括支承件31(其根据情况可以是具有吸气口34的支承件31)，支承件基底端部32和从动部件33。在图1和2所示的示例内，支承件基底端部32具有两阶梯结构，其中中心部分稍微沿圆周方向凸出。因此，该中心部分在橡皮塞接纳部分11的内侧将橡皮塞接纳部分11可靠地固定在该支承件基底端部32上，并且通过此支承件基底端部32，可使用橡皮塞接纳部分11的内径不同的两种口部构件1。
为了使口部构件1绕其柱体轴线旋转，口部构件1必须固定在支承件31上。在口部构件1内，对应于要与柔性薄膜熔融粘合的柱状部分12的被加热的部分的内径可由于施加的热量而改变，因此此部分优选地不用作固定到支承件31的部位，而是如在此示出的一样，将口部构件1的未被加热部分的橡皮塞接纳部分11优选地用作固定到口部构件旋转器的部位。将口部构件的未被加热部分可拆卸地固定在支承件基底部分上的装置并不局限于图1和2内所示的示例。
在操作时，支承件基底端部32被插入和装在口部构件1的橡皮塞接纳部件11内，并固定和旋转该口部构件1。如果支承部件31能够在口部构件插在其上并旋转时保持口部构件1稳定，则支承部件31的大小就足够了。该(支承部件的)尺寸被选择为使得口部构件1可被滑动地支承(只要口部构件可保持稳定，则该尺寸可提供一些微小空间)。
图3示出用于本发明的预热器4的一个示例。在此示例内，包括红外线灯的热源被保持在壳体内，并且在该壳体内设有用于暴露该热源的窗口部分。在窗口部分内，优选地设置任意的百叶窗(未示出)以便可改变允许辐射热射线通过的面积并从而可调节热度。对于热源，除了红外线加热器之外，还可使用热空气加热器、电阻加热元件、远红外线灯等，但是能够使用辐射热加热的热源例如电阻加热元件、红外线灯和远红外线灯时有利地，并且考虑到在加热时可能粘附异物或机械结构的简化，它们也是优选的。
图4示出口部构件1被保持在口部构件旋转器3上且在旋转口部构件1的同时被两个预热器4加热的状态。在图4内，口部构件旋转器3沿图1的A-A线以剖视图示出，而预热器4沿图3的B-B线以剖视图示出。在图4的口部构件旋转器3内，具有圆形横截面的支承件31由两个轴承35和36沿轴向支承。
用于从驱动装置例如图4内所示的马达37接收旋转驱动力的从动部件33设置在轴承35和36之间，并且设置并固定在支承件基底端部32上的口部构件1与从动部件33的旋转相关联地旋转。作为旋转机构的另一个示例，可通过向橡皮塞接纳部件11的外周向部施加力而使口部构件1旋转，该外周向部是未被加热的部分。旋转方向没有被具体限制。
预热器4的表面和口部构件的熔融粘合部分的表面之间的距离L、L’为大约0.5mm或更多，并优选地大约为1到5mm。
图5示出具有口部构件的袋子的生产设备的一个示例，其包括根据本发明的用于生产具有口部构件的袋子的装置，并使口部构件1和柔性薄膜2成一体。
图5内所示的具有口部构件的袋子的生产设备包括：环形连接传送器6，该传送器是用于移动例如口部构件旋转器3以实现循环的移动装置，固定在传送器6上的口部构件旋转器3，和用于将口部构件1提供给并接合到口部构件旋转器3的口部构件供给器5。另外，设有口部构件供给部分、预热部分、熔融粘合部分、冷却部分和去除部分。与这些部分对应的，分别存在口部构件供给器、预热器、熔融粘合装置、冷却器和去除装置。在图5、8的示例内，多组口部构件旋转器以相等的间隔固定在传送器6上，一组口部构件旋转器包括两个口部构件旋转器，并且可同时生产两个具有口部构件的袋子。当然，口部构件旋转器可设置成产生一个具有口部构件的袋子，或一组三个或多个具有口部构件的袋子。另外，预热部分分成三个阶段，但是预热可在多个阶段内执行。传送器6以固定的时间间隔重复驱动和停止。
在预热部分内，作为通过从动部件33使口部构件旋转器3的支承件31旋转的驱动器的马达37设置在传送器6的内侧的固定位置处，并且预热器4设置在传送器6的外侧的固定位置处。在预热部分内，由马达37驱动的辊子38在传送器的静止位置靠接从动部件33，从而使口部构件旋转器3的支承件31旋转。当然，马达37可固定在每个口部构件旋转器上，从而马达37可与传送器6一起移动。另外，口部构件旋转器3的支承件31可通过传送器6的移动而旋转。此外，使口部构件旋转器3的支承件31与传送器6的移动一起旋转的机构优选地设置在预热部分和熔融粘合部分之间，且设置或不设置预热器，从而紧靠熔融粘合之前的口部构件1的预热可足够地一致。
图5内所示的预热器4还可设计成连续加热口部构件1。在此情况下，预热器4设置在口部构件1被口部构件供给器5设置在口部构件旋转器3上之后的后步骤内，并且此后，口部构件被连续加热直到达到熔融粘合装置。预热器在熔融粘合装置前面移开，并回转移动到口部构件供给器5的后步骤。设置在口部构件旋转器3上的加热过的口部构件1按原状移动到熔融粘合装置。此时，传送器6也被连续驱动，从而在整个系统内，口部构件1熔融粘合在柔性薄膜2的薄膜熔融粘合部分21上，以生产具有口部构件的袋子。
在图5所示的具有口部构件的袋子的生产设备内，口部构件1的柱体轴线被保持沿水平方向，但是在口部构件供给部分、预热部分、熔融粘合部分、冷却部分和去除部分的各个部分的口部构件1都可处于柱体轴线垂直或倾斜的状态。在本发明的生产设备内，口部构件1旋转，从而可独立于口部构件1的柱体轴线的方向均匀地加热口部构件。
在图5所示的生产设备内，熔融粘合部分和冷却部分具有相等的静止时间，但是当预热部分具有多个阶段时，可容易地设计考虑到熔融焊接时间(被密封模具或其他装置挤压的时间)和预热时间之间的差的机器结构，并且这是优选的。
尽管在图5内未示出，但是例如，在熔融粘合部分内设有图6内所示的密封模具，并且在冷却部分内设有作为接触冷却器的冷却模具。在制备过程中，如果例如从熔融粘合到冷却的传递由于移动装置的低速而费时，则优选在传送器的熔融粘合部分和冷却部分之间设置用于强制冷却的吹风装置。
生产方法
下文参照图5说明本发明的具有口部构件的袋子的生产方法的一个实施例，但是本发明并不局限于此。
口部构件旋转器3的支承件31通过包括零件供给机等的口部构件供给器5插入其中的口部构件1装配和固定在支承件基底端部32上，从而完成装载。
当传送器沿箭头方向旋转时，口部构件1朝预热部分移动，一旦到达预热部分则静止。静止时间没有被具体限制，但是优选地为大约3到15秒。此时，设置在固定位置的马达37与口部构件旋转器3的从动部件33接触，并且口部构件1与支承件31一起旋转，从而开始预热步骤。传送器移动时以大约5到50m/min的速度前进。
口部构件的转速从5到100rpm，优选地从10到80rpm。预热器4的热源温度为300℃或更高，优选地从400℃到900℃。通过使口部构件1旋转，可使从固定的热源接收到的热量在口部构件熔融粘合部分12的整个圆周上更均匀。因此，在预热步骤中口部构件熔融粘合部分12接收到的热量被稳定地均匀化。
在预热部分内在口部构件表面部分，软化的热塑性树脂的温度是这样的温度，即在下一熔融粘合部分内通过使用密封模具加热并挤压的熔融粘合期间，口部构件树脂可在该温度下填充A形间隙。口部构件表面上的热塑性树脂是否软化可通过目视观测容易地确认。如果温度过高，则会出现问题例如使用于口部构件1的热塑性树脂产生缺陷或使口部构件变形。通过在口部构件1旋转时加热该口部构件的方法，与加热口部构件1而不旋转该口部构件的方法相比可防止出现这些问题，并且可拓宽热源温度的调节范围。另外，可防止整个口部构件的刚性由于局部过热而减小，并且也可防止由于消除了口部构件1中存在的由喷射模制产生的残余应力而使口部构件异常变形。此外，通过在旋转的同时加热，可防止产生局部过热，并且继而可防止薄膜熔融粘合部分21由于过热而变薄，从而获得的具有口部构件的袋子可具有非常好的落下强度。
挤压并从而熔融粘合口部构件1和薄膜熔融粘合部分21的熔融粘合步骤是这样的步骤，即，将加热过的口部构件1插入袋部的开口部分并使用例如密封模具挤压它们，从而熔融粘合口部构件熔融粘合部分12和薄膜熔融粘合部分21。当口部构件旋转器通过预热部分并且在熔融粘合部分的位置处保持静止时，预热步骤完成并随后开始熔融粘合步骤。
在挤压并从而熔融粘合口部构件1和薄膜熔融粘合部分21的熔融粘合步骤内，例如薄膜熔融粘合部分21和口部构件1通过如图6A所示的密封模具挤压，以熔融粘合口部构件熔融粘合部分12和熔融粘合部分21。密封模具的温度比构成薄膜的内表面的树脂的熔点高10℃或更多，并且例如在薄膜包括聚乙烯树脂的情况下，该温度为110℃到170℃，并且熔融粘合时间大约为1到4秒。在通过预热部分之后直到被密封模具挤压之前的时间优选地较短，但是由于生产设备的限制，所以该时间通常为大约1到4秒。如果此时间超过4秒，则口部构件熔融粘合部分12的表面温度降低，而口部构件和袋部之间的密封强度将不够。当如图6B所示模具的拐角具有较小的半径(R)时，有助于形成薄条带。
密封模具具有包括半圆和平坦部分的横截面形状，并且如图6B所示，设计成在该半圆和平坦部分的连接部分处，即在口部构件和薄膜之间的A形部分处形成圆形。R为0.2到2mm，优选地为0.3到1.7mm。如果R过大，则不能防止A形间隙，但是如果R过小，可容易地出现问题，例如薄膜会被刮破或者形成的薄条带不充分。该半圆的直径稍小于薄膜厚度与口部构件熔融焊接部分12的直径之和。
在本发明的预热步骤内，口部构件被均匀地加热并不存在不均匀的变形，从而口部构件和袋部可相对于密封模具装配在精确的位置处。此外，由于口部构件和袋部在如图11所示的精确定位的状态下被熔融粘合，所以被挤压在柔性薄膜2的薄膜熔融粘合部分21上的口部构件熔融粘合部分12的软化的树脂稳定地扩散，以形成薄条带23并填充该A形间隙22。
薄条带23的合适的尺寸为其厚度为50到200μm而长度为0.1到2mm。本发明提供了一种具有口部构件1的袋子，该口部构件包括具有这种尺寸的薄条带，本发明还提供了一种不会形成A形间隙22且不会产生液体泄漏的具有口部构件的袋子。
在口部构件熔融粘合在柔性薄膜2上之后，熔融粘合部分被冷却模具(未示出)夹在中间。由于口部构件被均匀地预热且防止变形，所以类似于使用密封模具将口部构件和柔性薄膜夹在中间的情况，在使用冷却模具将口部构件和柔性薄膜夹在中间时，将被夹在中间的材料和模具也被精确和稳定地定位，从而可稳定地形成薄条带。
在上述的具有口部构件的袋子的生产中，下面这样的实施例也是优选的，即在熔融粘合时通过抽出袋部内的空气来给袋部内部减压，以使口部构件熔融粘合部分12和薄膜熔融粘合部分21紧密接触，并然后熔融粘合口部构件1和柔性薄膜2。这在具有口部构件的袋子的口部构件的内径大于10mm的情况下尤其有效。
图7示出此实施例。口部构件旋转器3的支承件31形成喷嘴，该喷嘴内具有通到远端的管道。喷嘴具有位于远端的吸气口34，并具有横截面面积朝喷嘴远端逐渐减小以与薄膜的膨胀形式配合的形状。横截面面积开始逐渐减小的位置为距离喷嘴的远端5mm或更远处，并且同时，该位置距离远端比口部构件的端部距离该远端更近。支承件插入使得喷嘴的远端突入袋部内部的距离比口部构件的端部多至少5mm。
在紧固密封模具之前或者在封闭密封模具的同时进行减压。通过执行减压，使柔性薄膜2固定，使薄膜熔融粘合部分21和口部构件熔融粘合部分12紧密接触，并使薄膜与口部构件熔融粘合部分12和喷嘴的形状相一致地固定。
在冷却之后，对减压进行释放。通过在通过抽出薄膜件内部的空气而使薄膜件内部减压的状态下执行熔融粘合和冷却，可在口部构件1和柔性薄膜2被密封模具熔融粘合并然后被冷却之前固定柔性薄膜2。这样，在防止柔性薄膜2自由移动的同时执行熔融粘合，并且这可实现这样的效果，即，熔融和软化的薄膜不会被拉伸、防止薄膜在口部构件的熔融粘合部分和非熔融粘合部分之间的边界处变薄、减小因变薄导致的落下强度的降低、并且还可防止在该边界处产生针孔。
示例
示例1
通过喷射模制聚乙烯生产外径为13mm而内径为11mm的包括熔融粘合部分的口部构件。另外，可用通过聚乙烯的膨胀模制获得300μm厚的管形薄膜生产宽度为140mm和长度为300mm的袋子，在该袋子中除了要与口部构件固定在一起的开口部分之外的外周边被熔融粘合。利用此口部构件和此袋子，可使用图5所示的装置生产具有口部构件的袋子。
通过使用这样的加热装置作为预热器，即在该加热装置内在距离口部构件表面3mm的位置处在上部和下部设置温度为600℃的直线形红外线灯，被保持在支承件上的口部构件以40rpm的转速在预热部分1到3中的每个预热部分内加热4秒钟。随后，在熔融粘合部分中将袋子的开口部分与加热过的口部构件配合，并且使用如图6所示的密封模具，在温度为170℃、挤压时间为2秒而压力为0.3Mpa的条件下使用上部和下部密封模具在挤压的同时熔融粘合袋子的开口部分与口部构件。此后，用具有相同形状的冷却模具使袋子冷却2秒以获得具有口部构件的袋子。
制备100个这种具有口部构件的袋子，并且在向每个袋子填充500mL的水之后，紧密地塞住袋子，从外部压缩以获得0.07Mpa的内压，并然后直立5分钟。可观察到在任何具有口部构件的袋子内均不存在漏水。
示例2
除了使用外径为17mm而内径为13mm的包括熔融粘合部分的口部构件、将具有吸气口的喷嘴用于支承件、并且从使用密封模具开始挤压直到打开冷却模具都使袋子内的空气被抽出外，以与示例1相同的方式生产具有口部构件的袋子。
制备100个这种具有口部构件的袋子，并且在向每个袋子填充500mL的水之后，紧密地塞住袋子，从外部压缩以获得0.07Mpa的内压，并然后直立5分钟。可观察到在任何具有口部构件的袋子内均不存在漏水。
工业实用性
本发明提供了一种这样的方法，该方法能够在预热步骤内使口部构件的表面温度均匀，稳定地防止产生A形间隙，并从而获得具有口部构件的袋子，该袋子在口部构件和袋部之间的熔融粘合部分的不透水性非常好；本发明还提供一种用于该方法的生产设备。
根据本发明的方法，可均匀地加热口部构件的表面，并且由于均匀的表面温度，可以可靠地形成翅片状的薄条带，并且可稳定地防止产生A形间隙，从而可防止具有口部构件的袋子漏水。此外，可防止由于口部构件的远端加热而使构成袋部的薄膜变薄，从而可在袋子内保持高落下强度，并且可增加制造用于容纳各种医药制剂、生理盐水、输液剂(例如葡萄糖溶液和血液)等的具有口部构件的袋子的生产率。从而，本发明的制造方法是有用的。

Claims (11)

1.一种通过熔融粘合包括热塑性树脂的管状口部构件和包括柔性薄膜的袋部来生产具有口部构件的袋子的方法，所述方法包括：在使管状口部构件绕其柱体轴线旋转时预热该口部构件，将加热过的口部构件插入袋部的开口部分并挤压，从而将口部构件熔融粘合在袋部的开口部分上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的生产具有口部构件的袋子的方法，其特征在于，通过辐射热进行预热。
3.根据权利要求1所述的生产具有口部构件的袋子的方法，其特征在于，在将加热过的口部构件插入袋部的开口部分并挤压、熔融粘合期间，通过抽出袋部内的空气来使袋部的内部减压。
4.根据权利要求1所述的生产具有口部构件的袋子的方法，其特征在于，这样生产具有口部构件的袋子：使口部构件旋转器移动通过预热循环，其中口部构件设置在口部构件旋转器上并在旋转的同时被加热；以及熔融粘合，其中所述口部构件旋转器上的口部构件熔融粘合在袋部的开口部分上、冷却并与作为具有口部构件的袋子的袋子一起取下。
5.一种通过熔融粘合包括热塑性树脂的管状口部构件和包括柔性薄膜的袋部来生产具有口部构件的袋子的设备，所述设备包括用于口部构件的预热器，和用于使该被加热的管状口部构件绕所述口部构件的柱体轴线旋转的口部构件旋转器。
6.一种通过熔融粘合包括热塑性树脂的管状口部构件和包括柔性薄膜的袋部来生产具有口部构件的袋子的设备，所述设备包括：用于使管状口部构件绕所述口部构件的柱体轴线旋转的口部构件旋转器；用于将口部构件提供给并设置在所述旋转器上的口部构件供给器；用于旋转的口部构件的预热器；用于将加热过的口部构件插入袋部的开口部分并挤压，从而熔融粘合该口部构件和该袋部的开口部分的熔融粘合装置；用于熔融粘合好的具有口部构件的袋子的冷却器；以及用于取下冷却过的具有口部构件的袋子的去除装置。
7.根据权利要求5或6所述的生产具有口部构件的袋子的设备，其特征在于，口部构件旋转器包括用于可滑动地支承口部构件的支承件，用于将口部构件的不加热部分可取下地固定在支承件上的支承件基底端部，和用于使口部构件旋转的从动部件。
8.根据权利要求5或6所述的生产具有口部构件的袋子的设备，其特征在于，口部构件旋转器适于依次移动通过包括口部构件供应、预热、熔融粘合、冷却并取下具有口部构件的袋子的循环。
9.根据权利要求5或6所述的生产具有口部构件的袋子的设备，其特征在于，预热器的热源具有直线形状。
10.根据权利要求5或6所述的生产具有口部构件的袋子的设备，其特征在于，预热器的热源包括一对相对的热源。
11.根据权利要求5或6所述的生产具有口部构件的袋子的设备，其特征在于，口部构件旋转器具有用于抽出具有口部构件的袋子内的空气的管道。
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