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CN100461433C - 一种tft阵列结构及其制造方法 - Google Patents

一种tft阵列结构及其制造方法 Download PDF

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CN100461433C
CN100461433C CNB200710063236XA CN200710063236A CN100461433C CN 100461433 C CN100461433 C CN 100461433C CN B200710063236X A CNB200710063236X A CN B200710063236XA CN 200710063236 A CN200710063236 A CN 200710063236A CN 100461433 C CN100461433 C CN 100461433C
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王章涛
邱海军
闵泰烨
林承武
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Beijing BOE Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种TFT阵列结构,包括:一基板;一栅线和与其一体的栅电极,栅线和栅电极的上方依次覆盖有栅绝缘层、半导体层和欧姆接触层;一绝缘层,形成在栅线及栅电极、栅绝缘层、半导体层和欧姆接触层的两侧;一沟道,截断欧姆接触层;一数据线及与其一体的源电极和漏电极;一钝化层,形成在数据线、源电极及漏电极的上方;一过孔,形成在漏电极的上方;一像素电极,形成在钝化层上,并通过过孔与漏电极连接。其中绝缘层的材料为聚合物。本发明同时公开了一种TFT矩阵结构的制造方法。本发明通过提供一种无狭缝光刻工艺的TFT四次光刻制造方法,能使TFT阵列的制造工艺向简单化和低成本化方向发展。

Description

一种TFT阵列结构及其制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种薄膜晶体管(TFT)阵列结构及其制造方法,特别涉及一种由四次光刻制备的TFT矩阵结构及其制造方法。
背景技术
为了有效地降低TFT LCD(薄膜晶体管液晶显示器)的价格和提高其成品率,有源驱动TFT(薄膜晶体管)阵列的制造工艺逐步得到简化,从开始的七次或六次光刻到现在普遍采用的五次光刻。近来,基于狭缝光刻技术的四次光刻工艺开始涉足TFT LCD的制造领域并逐步得到应用,其核心工艺就是用狭缝光刻工艺代替传统五次光刻工艺中的第二次光刻(有源层光刻)和第三次光刻(源漏金属层光刻)。其具体工艺过程如下:首先,由第一次光刻形成栅电极,接着在栅电极上连续沉积一层栅绝缘层、有源层、欧姆接触层和源漏金属层。接着在狭缝光刻工艺后通过源漏金属层湿法刻蚀、多步刻蚀(有源层刻蚀--灰化--干法刻蚀--欧姆接触层刻蚀)形成数据线、有源区、源漏电极和TFT沟道图形。然后沉积一层钝化层,由第三次光刻在钝化层上形成连接孔。最后沉积一层透明导电层并由第四次光刻形成像素电极。
与传统的五次光刻工艺相比,这种工艺的最大特点是通过一步狭缝光刻工艺形成有源层和源漏金属层图形,从而缩短了TFT的生产周期,降低了其生产成本,但由于其应用了狭缝光刻工艺,对掩膜板的制作精度提出了非常高的要求,同时使工艺开发的难度和成本显著提高,并为成品率的提高带来了很大的难度。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术的缺陷,提供一种无狭缝光刻工艺的TFT四次光刻的制造方法,使TFT阵列的制造工艺向简单化和低成本化方向发展。
为了实现上述目的,本发明提供一种TFT阵列结构,包括:
一基板;
一栅线和与其一体的栅电极,形成在所述基板上,栅线和栅电极的上方依次覆盖有栅绝缘层、半导体层和欧姆接触层;
一绝缘层,形成在所述栅线及栅电极、栅绝缘层、半导体层和欧姆接触层的两侧,其厚度等于所述栅线及栅电极、栅绝缘层、半导体层和欧姆接触层的总和;
一沟道,形成在所述欧姆接触层上并在所述半导体层上方位置截断欧姆接触层;
一数据线及与其一体的源电极,形成在所述绝缘层及欧姆接触层的上方;
一漏电极,形成在所述绝缘层及欧姆接触层的上方;
一钝化层,形成在所述数据线、源电极及漏电极的上方;
一过孔,形成在所述漏电极的上方;
一像素电极,形成在所述钝化层上,并通过过孔与所述漏电极连接。
上述方案中,所述绝缘层的材料可以为聚合物。所述栅线、栅电极、源电极、数据线或漏电极为Cr、W、Ti、Ta、Mo、Al或Cu等的单层膜,或者为Cr、W、Ti、Ta、Mo、Al和Cu等任意组合所构成的复合膜。所述栅绝缘层或钝化层的材料为氧化物、氮化物或者氧氮化合物。
为了实现上述目的,本发明同时提供一种TFT矩阵结构的制造方法,包括:
步骤1,在基板上依次沉积栅金属层、栅绝缘层、半导体层和欧姆接触层,采用第一块掩模版,进行掩模、曝光和刻蚀,形成栅线和栅电极图形;
步骤2,在完成步骤1的基板上涂覆一层聚合物层,聚合物层的厚度大于栅金属层、栅绝缘层、半导体层和欧姆接触层的总厚度,再通过刻蚀工艺去除一定厚度的聚合物层使欧姆接触层完全暴露出来,形成了一个平坦化的表面;
步骤3,在完成步骤2的基板上依次沉积源漏金属层,采用第二块掩模版,进行掩模、曝光和刻蚀后,形成数据线与源、漏电极和沟道图形;
步骤4,在完成步骤3的基板上沉积钝化层,采用第三块掩模版,进行掩模、曝光和刻蚀后,形成钝化层及其过孔图形;
步骤5,在完成步骤4的基板上沉积像素电极层,采用第四块掩模版,进行掩模、曝光和刻蚀后形成像素电极图形,其中像素电极通过过孔与漏电极相连。
上述方案中,所述步骤1中依次沉积栅金属层、绝缘层、半导体层和欧姆接触层为连续沉积。所述步骤1中刻蚀形成栅线和栅电极图形是栅金属层、绝缘层、半导体层和欧姆接触层在多步刻蚀中一次形成。所述步骤2中涂覆采用旋涂方法。所述步骤2中刻蚀工艺是氧离子反应刻蚀工艺。
同现有技术相比,本发明所提出的TFT阵列结构及其制造方法有二个明显的优点:一是四次光刻工艺中没有应用狭缝光刻工艺,这大大降低了工艺开发的难度和成本,同时也能保证高的成品率。二是聚合物的应用,使源漏金属电极图形在平坦化的表面形成,减少了金属断线的发生和钝化层内部应力的堆积,有利于成品率的提高。
下面通过附图和实施例,对本发明的技术方案做进一步的详细描述。
附图说明
图1是本发明四次光刻工艺全部完成后的部分截面图;
图2是本发明四次光刻工艺全部完成后的部分平面示意图;
图3是本发明的具体实施例在透明基体上连续沉积栅金属层、栅绝缘层、半导体层和欧姆接触层;
图4是本发明的具体实施例中采用多步刻蚀后的截面图;
图5是本发明的具体实施例中采用多步刻蚀后的平面图;
图6是本发明的具体实施例中在多步刻蚀后旋涂聚合物层时的截面图;
图7是本发明的具体实施例中聚合物的氧离子反应刻蚀工艺后的截面图;
图8是本发明的具体实施例中源漏金属电极形成后的截面图;
图9是本发明的具体实施例中源漏金属电极形成后的平面图;
图10是本发明的具体实施例中钝化层图形(过孔)形成后的截面图。
附图标记:11、透明基板;12、栅金属层;12a、栅电极;12b、栅线;13、栅绝缘层;14、半导体层;15、欧姆接触层;16、聚合物层;17a、源金属电极;17b、漏金属电极;17c、数据线;18、钝化层;18a、过孔;19a、像素电极。
具体实施方式
本发明提出的基于4次光刻有源驱动TFT阵列的结构截面和平面示意图分别如图1、图2所示,具体如下:在透明玻璃基板11上依次为栅金属层12(包括栅电极12a及栅线12b)、栅绝缘层13、半导体层14(a-Si)和欧姆接触层15(n+a-Si)。聚合物层16形成在栅金属层12(包括栅电极12a及栅线12b)、栅绝缘层13、半导体层14和欧姆接触层15两侧的透明基板11上,其厚度等于栅金属层12(包括栅电极12a及栅线12b)、栅绝缘层13、半导体层14和欧姆接触层15总和,源、漏金属电极17a、17b形成在聚合物层16和欧姆接触层15上。钝化层18分别形成在聚合物层16,源、漏金属电极17a、17b上。像素电极层沉积在钝化层18上并通过过孔18a与漏金属电极17b相连。本发明中TFT的平面结构如图2。本发明给出的聚合物16也可被其他绝缘材料所替代。
在本发明由于应用了聚合物层16,使源、漏金属电极17a、17b图形在相对平坦化的表面形成,减少了金属断线的发生和钝化层内部应力的堆积,有利于成品率的提高。
图3至图9示出了本发明四次光刻制造TFT阵列的制备工艺较佳的实施例。
首先,在透明玻璃基板或者石英11上,采用溅射或热蒸发的方法沉积上厚度为500~4000
Figure C200710063236D00081
的栅金属层12。栅金属层12可以选用Cr、W、Ti、Ta、Mo、Al、Cu等金属和合金,由多层金属组成的栅金属层也能满足需要。接着在栅金属层12上通过等离子增强化学气相沉积法(PECVD)连续沉积厚度为1000~4000
Figure C200710063236D0008142905QIETU
的栅绝缘层13、厚度为1000~2500
Figure C200710063236D0008142910QIETU
的半导体层14和厚度为300~600的欧姆接触层15,如图3所示。栅绝缘层13可以选用氧化物、氮化物或者氧氮化合物,对应的反应气体可以为SiH4,NH3,N2或SiH2Cl2,NH3,N2。半导体层14和欧姆接触层15对应的反应气体可为SiH4,H2或SiH2Cl2,H2。
由第一次光刻形成所需要的图形,采用多步刻蚀的方法刻蚀掉没有光刻胶覆盖的栅金属层12、栅绝缘层13、半导体层14和欧姆接触层15,如图4所示。栅金属层12的刻蚀气体可选用SF6/O2或Cl2/O2,栅绝缘层13的刻蚀气体可选用SF6/O2、Cl2/O2或HCl/O2,半导体层14和欧姆接触层15的刻蚀气体可选用SF6/Cl2或SF6/HCl等气体,最后由化学溶液剥离掉光刻胶,形成如图5的平面结构。
在栅金属层、栅绝缘层和有源层图形形成后,采用旋涂工艺将一层聚合物均匀地旋涂在透明玻璃基板11和欧姆接触层15上并固化,如图6所示。聚合物层16的厚度应大于栅金属层、栅绝缘层和有源层的总厚度。聚合物层16固化后,通过氧反应离子刻蚀工艺和EPD设备去除一定厚度的聚合物层,使欧姆接触层15完全暴露出来,形成了一个平坦化的表面,如图7所示。
在平坦化的表面上,通过溅射或热蒸发的方法沉积上厚度约为500~2500
Figure C200710063236D0008103314QIETU
的源漏金属层,源漏金属层可以选用Cr、W、Ti、Ta、Mo、Al、Cu等金属和合金。通过第二次光刻和刻蚀工艺形成数据线及源、漏金属电极17a、17b,刻蚀方法可以为干法刻蚀或湿法刻蚀。源、漏金属电极17a、17b一部分覆盖在聚合物层16上,一部分覆盖在欧姆接触层15上。源、漏金属电极17a、17b形成后,接着通过干法刻蚀的方法将暴露出的欧姆接触层15刻蚀掉,形成TFT的沟道,如图8所示,刻蚀气体可选用SF6/Cl2或SF6/HCl等气体。最后由化学溶液剥离掉光刻胶,形成如图9的平面结构。
源、漏金属电极17a、17b形成后,通过PECVD方法沉积厚度约为700~2000的钝化层18。钝化层18可以选用氧化物、氮化物或者氧氮化合物,对应的反应气体可以为SiH4,NH3,N2或SiH2Cl2,NH3,N2,然后通过第三次光刻和刻蚀工艺形成过孔,如图10。刻蚀气体可选用SF6/O2、Cl2/O2或HCl/O2。
过孔18a形成后,通过溅射或热蒸发的方法沉积上厚度约为300~600
Figure C200710063236D0009142827QIETU
的像素电极层,一般为ITO,最后通过第四次光刻和刻蚀工艺形成像素电极19a,如图1所示。最后由化学溶液剥离掉光刻胶,形成如图2的平面结构。
本发明的四次光刻工艺中由于没有应用狭缝光刻工艺,大大降低了TFT阵列的工艺开发难度和成本,同时也能保证高的成品率。
最后应说明的是,以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制,尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解按照需要可使用不同材料和设备实现之,即可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (9)

1.一种TFT阵列结构,其特征在于,包括:
一基板;
一栅线和与其一体的栅电极,形成在所述基板上,栅线和栅电极的上方依次覆盖有栅绝缘层、半导体层和欧姆接触层;
一绝缘层,形成在所述栅线及栅电极、栅绝缘层、半导体层和欧姆接触层的两侧,其厚度等于所述栅线及栅电极、栅绝缘层、半导体层和欧姆接触层的总和;
一沟道,形成在所述欧姆接触层上并在所述半导体层上方位置截断欧姆接触层;
一数据线及与其一体的源电极,形成在所述绝缘层及欧姆接触层的上方;
一漏电极,形成在所述绝缘层及欧姆接触层的上方;
一钝化层,形成在所述数据线、源电极及漏电极的上方;
一过孔,形成在所述漏电极的上方;
一像素电极,形成在所述钝化层上,并通过过孔与所述漏电极连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种TFT阵列结构,其特征在于:所述绝缘层的材料为聚合物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种TFT阵列结构,其特征在于:所述栅线、栅电极、源电极、数据线或漏电极为Cr、W、Ti、Ta、Mo、Al或Cu的单层膜,或者为Cr、W、Ti、Ta、Mo、Al和Cu任意组合所构成的复合膜。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种TFT阵列结构,其特征在于:所述栅绝缘层或钝化层的材料为氧化物、氮化物或者氧氮化合物。
5.一种TFT阵列结构的制造方法,其特征在于,包括:
步骤1,在基板上依次沉积栅金属层、栅绝缘层、半导体层和欧姆接触层,采用第一块掩模版,进行掩模、曝光和刻蚀,形成栅线和栅电极图形;
步骤2,在完成步骤1的基板上涂覆一层聚合物层,聚合物层的厚度大于栅金属层、栅绝缘层、半导体层和欧姆接触层的总厚度,再通过刻蚀工艺去除一定厚度的聚合物层使欧姆接触层完全暴露出来,形成了一个平坦化的表面;
步骤3,在完成步骤2的基板上依次沉积源漏金属层,采用第二块掩模版,进行掩模、曝光和刻蚀后,形成数据线与源、漏电极和沟道图形;
步骤4,在完成步骤3的基板上沉积钝化层,采用第三块掩模版,进行掩模、曝光和刻蚀后,形成钝化层及其过孔图形;
步骤5,在完成步骤4的基板上沉积像素电极层,采用第四块掩模版,进行掩模、曝光和刻蚀后形成像素电极图形,其中像素电极通过过孔与漏电极相连。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种TFT阵列结构的制造方法,其特征在于:所述步骤1中依次沉积栅金属层、绝缘层、半导体层和欧姆接触层为连续沉积。
7.根据权利要求5所述的一种TFT阵列结构的制造方法,其特征在于:所述步骤1中刻蚀形成栅线和栅电极图形是栅金属层、绝缘层、半导体层和欧姆接触层在多步刻蚀中一次形成。
8.根据权利要求5所述的一种TFT阵列结构的制造方法,其特征在于:所述步骤2中涂覆采用旋涂方法。
9.根据权利要求5所述的一种TFT阵列结构的制造方法,其特征在于:所述步骤2中刻蚀工艺是氧离子反应刻蚀工艺。
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