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CN100467679C - Chromatic carbon silicon stone monocrystal and preparation method thereof and preparation of artificial gem - Google Patents

Chromatic carbon silicon stone monocrystal and preparation method thereof and preparation of artificial gem Download PDF

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CN100467679C
CN100467679C CNB2007100154194A CN200710015419A CN100467679C CN 100467679 C CN100467679 C CN 100467679C CN B2007100154194 A CNB2007100154194 A CN B2007100154194A CN 200710015419 A CN200710015419 A CN 200710015419A CN 100467679 C CN100467679 C CN 100467679C
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moissanite
monocrystalline
colored
color
preparation
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CN101037806A (en
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陈秀芳
徐现刚
胡小波
蒋民华
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Shandong Tianyue Advanced Technology Co Ltd
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Shandong University
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Abstract

The invention relates to a color carbon silica crystal and its preparation, as well as a preparation of artificial gem. The color carbon silica crystal contains spaced intermingling element color trips in colorness carbon silica crystal or uniform color intermingled color carbon silica crystal, wherein the width of color trips is 0.1-0.5 mm, and the distance between the color trips is 1-5 mm. The crystal is produced by intermingling the element such as V, N or the like in the process of growing the carbon silica crystal using sublimed method. The color carbon silica artificial gem having color stips is produced by cutting, grinding and polishing the produced color carbon silica crystal. The inventive first produced carbon silica crystal having color stips is carved and polished to ultimately produce color carbon silica, which has brilliant and fresh bright colour, has integrative effect of good chromaticity and brilliancy.

Description

The preparation of colored moissanite monocrystalline and preparation method thereof and hard mass
One, technical field
The present invention relates to transparent colored moissanite (SiC) monocrystalline, growth method and with the method for this single crystal preparation hard mass.
Two, background technology
Have the element and the compound limited amount that can be used as the physical property of jewel, though thermostability, chemical stability and toughness also are considered to very important in many jewel Application Areass, it is generally acknowledged that most important physical property is hardness, specific refractory power and color.
The interaction of deciding jewel and light is mainly depended in U.S.A of jewel, so the optical property of jewel is that the decision jewel is worth one of most important factor.Specific refractory power has defined the ability of jewel refracted ray, can glisten and present beautiful gloss when high-index material is made into jewel under daylight.Color is the important embodiment of jewel U.S., is decision jewel grade, determines the important factor that jewel is worth.The color of jewel depends on several factors such as impurity atoms, the physical properties of crystal itself etc.Transparency of Gemstone is meant that jewel sees through the ability of visible light, and is main relevant to the power of photoabsorption with jewel.In the embedding gem process, the thermostability and the chemical stability of jewel are extremely important.Usually, be extremely favourable if jewel can be heated to high temperature and not change color or react with surrounding environment.The weather resistance of jewel is decided by the mechanical property of jewel to a great extent, as cleavage, hardness, toughness etc.Because the Morse hardness of diamond and corundum is 10 and 9, still be counted as extremely precious jewel so far.The toughness of jewel is meant the broken ability of jewel opposing.Can these characteristics of all hardness, specific refractory power, color, heat/chemical stability and toughness have determined material make jewel together.
The SiC jewel has the gloss identical with diamond, the high rigidity (8.5-9.25) that is only second to diamond is than the slightly high specific refractory power of diamond (2.5-2.71), transparency height, has (0001) cleavage surface, chemical stability is good, hardly with other substance reactions, good toughness, the thermal conductivity height, therefore Heat stability is good is heated to 1400 degree and does not damage in air, be best at present diamond imitation.
The SiC jewel is a kind of material system of complexity, and basic structural unit is SiC 4Or CSi 4Tetrahedral structure belongs to close-packed structure, produces various crystal formation by the difference of unidirectional accumulation mode, and kind surplus the crystal formation that has been found that has 200 is divided into cubic structure, hexagonal structure and water chestnut square structure.Can obtain the crystal of different colours in the SiC single crystal growth process by the different elements that mix.Therefore SiC is a kind of very excellent colour jewel material.The hotchpotch of SiC has N (n type) and Al, B, Be, Ga, O, Sc, (p type) etc., because Al has superficial acceptor level, becomes the most frequently used p type hotchpotch.Chinese patent CN1093085C and CN1238813A mention, and nitrating in 6H-SiC (n type) and aluminium (p type) have obtained green and blue 6H-SiC monocrystalline respectively.The nitrogen that mixes lower concentration in 4H-SiC can obtain amber SiC monocrystalline.It is colourless that unadulterated 6H-SiC and 4H-SiC show, the 3C-SiC displaing yellow, and the 3C-SiC of nitrating shows yellow-green colour.Though these SiC have presented distinct colors, all be the monocrystalline of single homochromatic.Patent documentation about preparation SiC jewel also has Chinese patent CN1329683A and CN1554808A, but these patent documentations only relate to unicolor artificial SiC jewel.Wherein, CN1554808A has discussed the method for suitable growth major diameter 6H-SiC monocrystalline, and it is included in herein as a reference.Utilize the crystal of this technology growth to be mainly used in the microwave power device of SiC semiconductor material and the luminescent device of GaN series, as in the semiconductor lighting engineering, being mainly used in the substrate material of indigo plant, green light LED and blue laser.
Three, summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of colored moissanite monocrystalline and preparation method thereof.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of colored moissanite hard mass.
Colored moissanite monocrystalline of the present invention, it is characterized in that, this colour moissanite monocrystalline is the color fringe that contains doped element at interval in colourless moissanite monocrystalline or logical look adulterated colored moissanite monocrystalline, and the concentration of doped element wherein is enough to produce the color that naked eyes can be distinguished.
Described doped element can be selected for use and be applicable to single-crystal doped any of moissanite or more than one n type or p type hotchpotch, one of is preferably as follows or more than one: N, V, Al, B, Be, Ga, O, Sc.
Above-mentioned colored moissanite monocrystalline, color fringe width 0.1-0.5mm, color fringe spacing 1-5mm.
Preferably, the concentration of the doped element of described color fringe is 10 15/ cm 3-10 20/ cm 3
The crystal formation of described colored moissanite monocrystalline is 6H-SiC or 4H-SiC.
The preparation method of colored moissanite monocrystalline of the present invention adopts the subliming method growth, and step is as follows:
(1) seed crystal is placed the loam cake bottom of crucible, high-purity alpha-SiC powder source material or the SiC powder source material that mixes doping agent I place crucible bottom, and growth room's pressure is warmed up to 2000~2500 ℃ of temperature at 50~120mbar, and the SiC powder of bottom is decomposed into Si, SiC 2And Si 2Three kinds of main gaseous components of C are transported to the lower seed crystal face of temperature, by deposition, make crystal constantly grow.
(2) in crystal growing process, carried out a doping agent II every 5-10 hour and mix doped element concentration 10 15/ cm 3-10 20/ cm 3, the time of each doped growing is 0.5-1 hour.Doping by doping agent II forms color fringe.
Crystalline growth velocity is 100~500 μ m/h under these conditions, and through the growth of 80-100h, the background color that can obtain thickness and be 15~25mm, diameter and be the 1-3 inch is colourless or colored and moissanite monocrystalline with color fringe.
When adding doping agent I in the material of SiC powder source in the above-mentioned steps (1), doped element concentration 10 15/ cm 3-10 17/ cm 3
When adding doping agent I in the material of SiC powder source in the step (1), preferred doped element is V.
The preferred N of the described doped element of above-mentioned steps (2).
The preparation method of above-mentioned colored moissanite monocrystalline has color, crystalline structure and the doping feature of the following table of being selected from:
Table 1
Color The SiC crystal formation Doped element Doping content Nitrating at interval The nitrating time Width of fringe Fringe spacing
No colour band deep green striped 6H-SiC N 10 19/cm 3 10h 1h 0.2mm 2mm
No colour band light green striped 6H-SiC N 10 15/cm 3 10h 1h 0.2mm 2mm
No colour band green color stripe 6H-SiC N 10 17/cm 3 5h 0.5h 0.1mm 1mm
No colour band dark-brown striped 4H-SiC N 10 19/cm 3 10h 1h 0.2mm 2mm
Pale yellow colour band deep green 6H-SiC Doping I:V doped with II: N V:10 15/cm 3N:10 19/cm 3 10h 1h 0.2mm 2mm
Deep yellow colour band light green striped 6H-SiC Doping I:V doped with II: N V:10 17/cm 3N:10 15/cm 3 10h 1h 0.2mm 2mm
Yellow band green color stripe 6H-SiC Doping I:V doped with II: N V:10 16/cm 3N:10 17/cm 3 5h 0.5h 0.1mm 1mm
The preparation method of colored moissanite hard mass of the present invention is that above-mentioned colored moissanite monocrystalline is processed into the moissanite hard mass with color fringe through cutting, grinding and polishing.
After growing the moissanite monocrystalline with color fringe, this crystal is made jewel as the rough fellow that blank is cut into different sizes, makes colored moissanite jewel finished product through grinding and polishing then.Working method is all continued to use adamantine complete processing, and the hardness of moissanite, toughness and anisotropy make it possible to criticize facet with very sharp-pointed angle, therefore can obtain good external form and gloss, thereby reaches the height harmony of shape U.S. and matter U.S..
One of The key factor is that suitable temperature field will be arranged in the crystalline process of growth, and other influence factor also has growth pressure, seed crystal quality etc.The present invention has obtained the high-quality moissanite monocrystalline of major diameter by the optimization technique condition.
The present invention is by mixing multiple different element, preferred suitable doping content, and what finally obtained different crystal forms has a color fringe moissanite monocrystalline (specifically seeing Table 1).These colored moissanite monocrystalline have two very important universal features: (1) high rigidity; (2) high refractive index.
The moissanite finished product that the present invention makes removes to have: (1) high rigidity, and (2) high refractive index, (3) high heat conductance, (4) high chemical stability, the toughness that (5) are excellent has (6) color fringe in addition.
The moissanite monocrystalline that the present invention makes, through cut and polishing, the colored moissanite color and luster that finally obtains is rich and gaudy vivid again, and the net effect of its colourity and look brilliance can reach optimum regime.
Four, embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of colored moissanite monocrystalline has the deep green striped on colourless moissanite 6H-SiC monocrystalline, the width of striped is 0.2mm, and fringe spacing is 2mm.The preparation method is as follows:
Utilize the subliming method colored moissanite monocrystalline of growing, the 6H-SiC seed crystal is placed the loam cake bottom of plumbago crucible, the source material adopts the high-purity alpha-SiC powder, be placed on crucible bottom, growth room's pressure is warmed up to 2100~2500 ℃ at 50~120mbar, the SiC powder distillation of bottom is decomposed into Si, SiC 2And Si 2Main gaseous component such as C is transported to the lower seed crystal face of temperature, by deposition, makes crystal constantly grow.Feed high pure nitrogen in the process of growth, mixed once every 10 hours, doping time is 1 hour, and doping content is 10 19/ cm 3, through the growth of 100h, can obtain thickness is that 15~25mm, diameter are the moissanite monocrystalline of 2 inches no colour band deep green striped.
After according to the manufacturing procedure of diamond above-mentioned monocrystalline being cut, grinds and polishes, finally made the artificial 6H-SiC jewel of no colour band deep green striped, the width of striped is 0.2mm, and fringe spacing is 2mm.
Embodiment 2
A kind of colored moissanite monocrystalline has the light green striped on colourless moissanite 6H-SiC monocrystalline, the width of striped is 0.2mm, and fringe spacing is 2mm.
Growing method is as described in the embodiment 1, and difference is: every 10 hours nitratings once, doping time is 1 hour, and doping content is 10 15/ cm 3
The working method of hard mass is identical with embodiment 1, has finally made the artificial 6H-SiC jewel of no colour band light green striped, and the width of striped is 0.2mm, and fringe spacing is 2mm.
Embodiment 3
A kind of colored moissanite monocrystalline has green color stripe on colourless moissanite 6H-SiC monocrystalline, the width of striped is 0.1mm, and fringe spacing is 1mm.
Growing method is as described in the embodiment 1, and difference is: every 5 hours nitratings once, doping time is 0.5 hour, and doping content is 10 17/ cm 3
The working method of hard mass is identical with embodiment 1, has finally made the artificial 6H-SiC jewel of no colour band green color stripe, and the width of striped is 0.1mm, and fringe spacing is 1mm.
Embodiment 4
A kind of colored moissanite monocrystalline has the dark-brown striped on colourless moissanite 4H-SiC monocrystalline, the width of striped is 0.2mm, and fringe spacing is 2mm.The preparation method is as follows:
Utilize the subliming method colored moissanite monocrystalline of growing, the 4H-SiC seed crystal is placed the loam cake bottom of plumbago crucible, the source material adopts the high-purity alpha-SiC powder, be placed on crucible bottom, growth room's pressure is at 50~120mbar, after being warmed up to 2000~2300 ℃, the SiC powder distillation of bottom is decomposed into Si, SiC 2And Si 2Main gaseous component such as C is transported to the lower seed crystal face of temperature, by deposition, makes crystal constantly grow.Feed high pure nitrogen in the process of growth, mixed once every 10 hours, doping time is 1 hour, and doping content is 10 19/ cm 3, through the growth of 100h, can obtain thickness is that 15~25mm, diameter are the moissanite monocrystalline of 2 inches no colour band dark-brown striped.
The working method of hard mass is identical with embodiment 1, has finally made the artificial 4H-SiC jewel of no colour band dark-brown striped, and the width of striped is 0.2mm, and fringe spacing is 2mm.
Embodiment 5
A kind of colored moissanite monocrystalline has the deep green striped on lurid moissanite 6H-SiC monocrystalline, the width of striped is 0.2mm, and fringe spacing is 2mm.
Growing method is identical with embodiment 1, and difference is: mix the VC solid in the material high-purity alpha-SiC powder of source, mixing V concentration is 10 15/ cm 3, feed high pure nitrogen in the process of growth, to mix once every 10 hours, doping time is 1 hour, doping content is 10 19/ cm 3
The working method of hard mass is identical with embodiment 1, has finally made the artificial 6H-SiC jewel of pale yellow colour band deep green striped, and the width of striped is 0.2mm, and fringe spacing is 2mm.
Embodiment 6
A kind of colored moissanite monocrystalline has the light green striped on the moissanite 6H-SiC of deep yellow monocrystalline, the width of striped is 0.2mm, and fringe spacing is 2mm.
Growing method is identical with embodiment 1, and difference is: mix the VC solid in the material high-purity alpha-SiC powder of source, mixing V concentration is 10 17/ cm 3, feed high pure nitrogen in the process of growth, to mix once every 10 hours, doping time is 1 hour, doping content is 10 15/ cm 3
The working method of hard mass is identical with embodiment 1, has finally made the artificial 6H-SiC jewel of deep yellow colour band light green striped, and the width of striped is 0.2mm, and fringe spacing is 2mm.
Embodiment 7
A kind of colored moissanite monocrystalline has green color stripe on xanchromatic moissanite 6H-SiC monocrystalline, the width of striped is 0.1mm, and fringe spacing is 1mm.
Growing method is identical with embodiment 1, and difference is: mix the VC solid in the high-purity alpha-SiC powder, mixing V concentration is 10 16/ cm 3, feed high pure nitrogen in the process of growth, to mix once every 5 hours, doping time is 0.5 hour, doping content is 10 17/ cm 3
The working method of hard mass is identical with embodiment 1, has finally made the artificial 6H-SiC jewel of yellow band green color stripe, and the width of striped is 0.1mm, and fringe spacing is 1mm.

Claims (9)

1, a kind of colored moissanite monocrystalline, it is characterized in that, this colour moissanite monocrystalline is the color fringe that contains doped element at interval in colourless moissanite monocrystalline or logical look adulterated colored moissanite monocrystalline, and the concentration of doped element wherein is enough to produce the color that naked eyes can be distinguished.
2, colored moissanite monocrystalline as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, color fringe width 0.1-0.5mm, color fringe spacing 1-5mm.
3, colored moissanite monocrystalline as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, the concentration of the doped element of described color fringe is 10 15/ cm 3-10 20/ cm 3
4, the preparation method of the described colored moissanite monocrystalline of a kind of claim 1 adopts the subliming method growth, and step is as follows:
(1) seed crystal is placed the loam cake bottom of crucible, high-purity alpha-SiC powder source material or the SiC powder source material that mixes doping agent I place crucible bottom, and growth room's pressure is warmed up to 2000~2500 ℃ of temperature at 50~120mbar, and the SiC powder of bottom is decomposed into Si, SiC 2And Si 2Three kinds of main gaseous components of C are transported to the lower seed crystal face of temperature, by deposition, make crystal constantly grow;
(2) in crystal growing process, carried out a doping agent II every 5-10 hour and mix doped element concentration 10 15/ cm 3-10 20/ cm 3, the time of each doped growing is 0.5-1 hour.
5, the preparation method of colored moissanite monocrystalline as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, crystalline growth velocity is 100~500 μ m/h, and through the growth of 80-100h, acquisition thickness is that 15~25mm, diameter are that the background color of 1-3 inch is colourless or colored and moissanite monocrystalline with color fringe.
6, the preparation method of colored moissanite monocrystalline as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, when adding doping agent I in the material of SiC powder source in the described step (1), and doped element concentration 10 15/ cm 3-10 17/ cm 3
7, the preparation method of colored moissanite monocrystalline as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, doped element is V when adding doping agent I in the material of SiC powder source in institute's step (1).
8, the preparation method of colored moissanite monocrystalline as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, the described doped element of described step (2) is N.
9, the preparation method of colored moissanite hard mass is that the moissanite hard mass with color fringe is processed in the cutting of colored moissanite monocrystalline process, grinding and the polishing of claim 1.
CNB2007100154194A 2007-04-20 2007-04-20 Chromatic carbon silicon stone monocrystal and preparation method thereof and preparation of artificial gem Active CN100467679C (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2434083C1 (en) * 2010-10-28 2011-11-20 Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Гранник" Procedure for simultaneous production of several faceted valuable stones of synthetic silicon carbide - moissanite
JP6082111B2 (en) * 2014-02-27 2017-02-15 京セラ株式会社 Silicon carbide crystal ingot, silicon carbide wafer, silicon carbide crystal ingot, and method of manufacturing silicon carbide wafer
CN104018213B (en) * 2014-05-15 2016-11-16 山东大学 A kind of synthesis of carbon-silicon stone of imitative tourmaline and preparation method thereof
CN107976410B (en) * 2017-12-28 2021-02-02 河北同光晶体有限公司 Method for identifying industrial bulk SiC single crystal form
CN110042469B (en) * 2019-04-29 2021-05-11 南通大学 Preparation method of flower-colored silicon carbide gemstone
JP6903362B1 (en) * 2021-02-05 2021-07-14 株式会社Brillar Method for manufacturing crystals for synthetic gemstones

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